메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 18, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 687-701

The Use of MR Imaging as an Outcome Measure in Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Trials

Author keywords

Clinical trials; Magnetic resonance imaging; Multiple sclerosis; Outcomes

Indexed keywords

GADOLINIUM;

EID: 54949142855     PISSN: 10525149     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.nic.2008.06.008     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (13)

References (105)
  • 1
    • 0035003051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Placebo-controlled clinical trials in multiple sclerosis: ethical considerations. National Multiple Sclerosis Society (USA) Task Force on Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trials in MS
    • Lublin F.D., and Reingold S.C. Placebo-controlled clinical trials in multiple sclerosis: ethical considerations. National Multiple Sclerosis Society (USA) Task Force on Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trials in MS. Ann Neurol 49 5 (2001) 677-681
    • (2001) Ann Neurol , vol.49 , Issue.5 , pp. 677-681
    • Lublin, F.D.1    Reingold, S.C.2
  • 2
    • 34250760530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aspects of multiple sclerosis that relate to trial design and clinical management
    • Cohen J.A., and Rudick R.A. (Eds), Informa Healthcare, London
    • Cohen J.A., and Rudick R.A. Aspects of multiple sclerosis that relate to trial design and clinical management. In: Cohen J.A., and Rudick R.A. (Eds). Multiple sclerosis therapeutics. 3rd edition (2007), Informa Healthcare, London 3-22
    • (2007) Multiple sclerosis therapeutics. 3rd edition , pp. 3-22
    • Cohen, J.A.1    Rudick, R.A.2
  • 3
    • 0035960564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sample size estimations for MRI-monitored trials of MS comparing new vs standard treatments
    • Sormani M.P., Rovaris M., Bagnato F., et al. Sample size estimations for MRI-monitored trials of MS comparing new vs standard treatments. Neurology 57 10 (2001) 1883-1885
    • (2001) Neurology , vol.57 , Issue.10 , pp. 1883-1885
    • Sormani, M.P.1    Rovaris, M.2    Bagnato, F.3
  • 4
    • 0028260332 scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of clinical trials in multiple sclerosis
    • Paty D.W., Li D.K., Oger J.J., et al. Magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of clinical trials in multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 36 Suppl (1994) S95-S96
    • (1994) Ann Neurol , vol.36 , Issue.SUPPL
    • Paty, D.W.1    Li, D.K.2    Oger, J.J.3
  • 5
    • 4344628691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of magnetic resonance imaging in multiple sclerosis: lessons learned from clinical trials
    • Martinelli Boneschi F., Rovaris M., Comi G., et al. The use of magnetic resonance imaging in multiple sclerosis: lessons learned from clinical trials. Multiple Sclerosis 10 4 (2004) 341-347
    • (2004) Multiple Sclerosis , vol.10 , Issue.4 , pp. 341-347
    • Martinelli Boneschi, F.1    Rovaris, M.2    Comi, G.3
  • 6
    • 0024520844 scopus 로고
    • Surrogate endpoints in clinical trials: definition and operational criteria
    • Prentice R.L. Surrogate endpoints in clinical trials: definition and operational criteria. Stat Med 8 4 (1989) 431-440
    • (1989) Stat Med , vol.8 , Issue.4 , pp. 431-440
    • Prentice, R.L.1
  • 7
    • 0027225525 scopus 로고
    • Clinical worsening in multiple sclerosis is associated with increased frequency and area of gadopentetate dimeglumine-enhancing magnetic resonance imaging lesions
    • Smith M.E., Stone L.A., Albert P.S., et al. Clinical worsening in multiple sclerosis is associated with increased frequency and area of gadopentetate dimeglumine-enhancing magnetic resonance imaging lesions. Ann Neurol 33 5 (1993) 480-489
    • (1993) Ann Neurol , vol.33 , Issue.5 , pp. 480-489
    • Smith, M.E.1    Stone, L.A.2    Albert, P.S.3
  • 8
    • 0031693017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multi-centre longitudinal study comparing the sensitivity of monthly MRI after standard and triple dose gadolinium-DTPA for monitoring disease activity in multiple sclerosis. Implications for phase II clinical trials
    • Filippi M., Rovaris M., Capra R., et al. A multi-centre longitudinal study comparing the sensitivity of monthly MRI after standard and triple dose gadolinium-DTPA for monitoring disease activity in multiple sclerosis. Implications for phase II clinical trials. Brain 121 Pt 10 (1998) 2011-2020
    • (1998) Brain , vol.121 , Issue.PART 10 , pp. 2011-2020
    • Filippi, M.1    Rovaris, M.2    Capra, R.3
  • 9
    • 0035083892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A modified protocol to improve the detection of enhancing brain and spinal cord lesions in multiple sclerosis
    • Silver N.C., Good C.D., Sormani M.P., et al. A modified protocol to improve the detection of enhancing brain and spinal cord lesions in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol 248 3 (2001) 215-224
    • (2001) J Neurol , vol.248 , Issue.3 , pp. 215-224
    • Silver, N.C.1    Good, C.D.2    Sormani, M.P.3
  • 10
    • 0031891592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlations between monthly enhanced MRI lesion rate and changes in T2 lesion volume in multiple sclerosis
    • Molyneux P.D., Filippi M., Barkhof F., et al. Correlations between monthly enhanced MRI lesion rate and changes in T2 lesion volume in multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 43 3 (1998) 332-339
    • (1998) Ann Neurol , vol.43 , Issue.3 , pp. 332-339
    • Molyneux, P.D.1    Filippi, M.2    Barkhof, F.3
  • 11
    • 0029431903 scopus 로고
    • Changes in the amount of diseased white matter over time in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
    • Stone L.A., Albert P.S., Smith M.E., et al. Changes in the amount of diseased white matter over time in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Neurology 45 10 (1995) 1808-1814
    • (1995) Neurology , vol.45 , Issue.10 , pp. 1808-1814
    • Stone, L.A.1    Albert, P.S.2    Smith, M.E.3
  • 12
    • 54949150447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measures of gadolinium enhancement, T1 black holes and T2-hyperintense lesions on magnetic resonance imaging
    • Cohen J.A., and Rudick R.A. (Eds), Informa Healthcare, London
    • Simon J.H., and Miller D.E. Measures of gadolinium enhancement, T1 black holes and T2-hyperintense lesions on magnetic resonance imaging. In: Cohen J.A., and Rudick R.A. (Eds). Multiple sclerosis therapeutics. 3rd edition (2007), Informa Healthcare, London 113-142
    • (2007) Multiple sclerosis therapeutics. 3rd edition , pp. 113-142
    • Simon, J.H.1    Miller, D.E.2
  • 13
    • 0032864616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance imaging results of the PRISMS trial: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of interferon-beta1a in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Prevention of relapses and disability by interferon-beta1a subcutaneously in multiple sclerosis
    • Li D.K., and Paty D.W. Magnetic resonance imaging results of the PRISMS trial: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of interferon-beta1a in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Prevention of relapses and disability by interferon-beta1a subcutaneously in multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 46 2 (1999) 197-206
    • (1999) Ann Neurol , vol.46 , Issue.2 , pp. 197-206
    • Li, D.K.1    Paty, D.W.2
  • 14
    • 33746790166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Significance of T2 lesions in multiple sclerosis: a 13-year longitudinal study
    • Rudick R.A., Lee J.C., Simon J., et al. Significance of T2 lesions in multiple sclerosis: a 13-year longitudinal study. Ann Neurol 60 2 (2006) 236-242
    • (2006) Ann Neurol , vol.60 , Issue.2 , pp. 236-242
    • Rudick, R.A.1    Lee, J.C.2    Simon, J.3
  • 15
    • 0035004650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging detects cortical and juxtacortical multiple sclerosis lesions
    • Bakshi R., Ariyaratana S., Benedict R.H., et al. Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging detects cortical and juxtacortical multiple sclerosis lesions. Arch Neurol 58 5 (2001) 742-748
    • (2001) Arch Neurol , vol.58 , Issue.5 , pp. 742-748
    • Bakshi, R.1    Ariyaratana, S.2    Benedict, R.H.3
  • 16
    • 0033513091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interscanner variation in brain MR lesion load measurements in multiple sclerosis using conventional spin-echo, rapid relaxation-enhanced, and fast-FLAIR sequences
    • Filippi M., Rocca M.A., Gasperini C., et al. Interscanner variation in brain MR lesion load measurements in multiple sclerosis using conventional spin-echo, rapid relaxation-enhanced, and fast-FLAIR sequences. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 20 1 (1999) 133-137
    • (1999) AJNR Am J Neuroradiol , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 133-137
    • Filippi, M.1    Rocca, M.A.2    Gasperini, C.3
  • 17
    • 20444385866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between whole brain volume and disability in multiple sclerosis: a comparison of normalized gray vs. white matter with misclassification correction
    • Sanfilipo M.P., Benedict R.H., Sharma J., et al. The relationship between whole brain volume and disability in multiple sclerosis: a comparison of normalized gray vs. white matter with misclassification correction. Neuroimage 26 4 (2005) 1068-1077
    • (2005) Neuroimage , vol.26 , Issue.4 , pp. 1068-1077
    • Sanfilipo, M.P.1    Benedict, R.H.2    Sharma, J.3
  • 18
    • 0031844371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Histopathologic correlate of hypointense lesions on T1-weighted spin-echo MRI in multiple sclerosis
    • van Walderveen M.A., Kamphorst W., Scheltens P., et al. Histopathologic correlate of hypointense lesions on T1-weighted spin-echo MRI in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 50 5 (1998) 1282-1288
    • (1998) Neurology , vol.50 , Issue.5 , pp. 1282-1288
    • van Walderveen, M.A.1    Kamphorst, W.2    Scheltens, P.3
  • 19
    • 0033852514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A longitudinal study of T1 hypointense lesions in relapsing MS: MSCRG trial of interferon beta-1a. Multiple Sclerosis Collaborative Research Group
    • Simon J.H., Lull J., Jacobs L.D., et al. A longitudinal study of T1 hypointense lesions in relapsing MS: MSCRG trial of interferon beta-1a. Multiple Sclerosis Collaborative Research Group. Neurology 55 2 (2000) 185-192
    • (2000) Neurology , vol.55 , Issue.2 , pp. 185-192
    • Simon, J.H.1    Lull, J.2    Jacobs, L.D.3
  • 20
    • 0037445614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A semiautomated measure of whole-brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis
    • Bermel R.A., Sharma J., Tjoa C.W., et al. A semiautomated measure of whole-brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 208 1-2 (2003) 57-65
    • (2003) J Neurol Sci , vol.208 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 57-65
    • Bermel, R.A.1    Sharma, J.2    Tjoa, C.W.3
  • 21
    • 0034653442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain atrophy in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: relationship with 'black holes,' disease duration and clinical disability
    • Paolillo A., Pozzilli C., Gasperini C., et al. Brain atrophy in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: relationship with 'black holes,' disease duration and clinical disability. J Neurol Sci 174 2 (2000) 85-91
    • (2000) J Neurol Sci , vol.174 , Issue.2 , pp. 85-91
    • Paolillo, A.1    Pozzilli, C.2    Gasperini, C.3
  • 22
    • 0033544320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of the brain parenchymal fraction to measure whole brain atrophy in relapsing-remitting MS. Multiple Sclerosis Collaborative Research Group
    • Rudick R.A., Fisher E., Lee J.C., et al. Use of the brain parenchymal fraction to measure whole brain atrophy in relapsing-remitting MS. Multiple Sclerosis Collaborative Research Group. Neurology 53 8 (1999) 1698-1704
    • (1999) Neurology , vol.53 , Issue.8 , pp. 1698-1704
    • Rudick, R.A.1    Fisher, E.2    Lee, J.C.3
  • 23
    • 0036342788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of atrophy in multiple sclerosis: pathological basis, methodological aspects and clinical relevance
    • Miller D.H., Barkhof F., Frank J.A., et al. Measurement of atrophy in multiple sclerosis: pathological basis, methodological aspects and clinical relevance. Brain 125 Pt 8 (2002) 1676-1695
    • (2002) Brain , vol.125 , Issue.PART 8 , pp. 1676-1695
    • Miller, D.H.1    Barkhof, F.2    Frank, J.A.3
  • 24
    • 30844464790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The measurement and clinical relevance of brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis
    • Bermel R.A., and Bakshi R. The measurement and clinical relevance of brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis. Lancet Neurol 5 2 (2006) 158-170
    • (2006) Lancet Neurol , vol.5 , Issue.2 , pp. 158-170
    • Bermel, R.A.1    Bakshi, R.2
  • 25
    • 10944230117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between inflammation and atrophy in clinically isolated syndromes suggestive of multiple sclerosis: a monthly MRI study after triple-dose gadolinium-DTPA
    • Paolillo A., Piattella M.C., Pantano P., et al. The relationship between inflammation and atrophy in clinically isolated syndromes suggestive of multiple sclerosis: a monthly MRI study after triple-dose gadolinium-DTPA. J Neurol 251 4 (2004) 432-439
    • (2004) J Neurol , vol.251 , Issue.4 , pp. 432-439
    • Paolillo, A.1    Piattella, M.C.2    Pantano, P.3
  • 26
    • 0034009929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of ventricular enlargement in patients at the earliest clinical stage of MS
    • Brex P.A., Jenkins R., Fox N.C., et al. Detection of ventricular enlargement in patients at the earliest clinical stage of MS. Neurology 54 8 (2000) 1689-1691
    • (2000) Neurology , vol.54 , Issue.8 , pp. 1689-1691
    • Brex, P.A.1    Jenkins, R.2    Fox, N.C.3
  • 27
    • 0034490261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between brain atrophy and disability: an 8-year follow-up study of multiple sclerosis patients
    • Fisher E., Rudick R.A., Cutter G., et al. Relationship between brain atrophy and disability: an 8-year follow-up study of multiple sclerosis patients. Mult Scler 6 6 (2000) 373-377
    • (2000) Mult Scler , vol.6 , Issue.6 , pp. 373-377
    • Fisher, E.1    Rudick, R.A.2    Cutter, G.3
  • 28
    • 2942650179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of whole-brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis
    • [Review] [53 refs] 11S-9S
    • Pelletier D., Garrison K., and Henry R. Measurement of whole-brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis. [Review] [53 refs]. J Neuroimaging 14 3 Suppl (2004) 11S-9S
    • (2004) J Neuroimaging , vol.14 , Issue.3 SUPPL
    • Pelletier, D.1    Garrison, K.2    Henry, R.3
  • 30
    • 0034105546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain atrophy in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: longitudinal quantitative analysis
    • Ge Y., Grossman R.I., Udupa J.K., et al. Brain atrophy in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: longitudinal quantitative analysis. Radiology 214 3 (2000) 665-670
    • (2000) Radiology , vol.214 , Issue.3 , pp. 665-670
    • Ge, Y.1    Grossman, R.I.2    Udupa, J.K.3
  • 31
    • 0036742197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accurate, robust, and automated longitudinal and cross-sectional brain change analysis
    • Smith S.M., Zhang Y., Jenkinson M., et al. Accurate, robust, and automated longitudinal and cross-sectional brain change analysis. Neuroimage 17 1 (2002) 479-489
    • (2002) Neuroimage , vol.17 , Issue.1 , pp. 479-489
    • Smith, S.M.1    Zhang, Y.2    Jenkinson, M.3
  • 32
    • 84937406912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automated estimation of brain volume in multiple sclerosis with BICCR
    • Collins D.L., Montagnat J., Zijdenbos A.P., et al. Automated estimation of brain volume in multiple sclerosis with BICCR. Lect Notes Comput Sci 2082 (2001) 141-147
    • (2001) Lect Notes Comput Sci , vol.2082 , pp. 141-147
    • Collins, D.L.1    Montagnat, J.2    Zijdenbos, A.P.3
  • 33
    • 0034700989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive cerebral atrophy in MS: a serial study using registered, volumetric MRI
    • Fox N.C., Jenkins R., Leary S.M., et al. Progressive cerebral atrophy in MS: a serial study using registered, volumetric MRI. Neurology 54 4 (2000) 807-812
    • (2000) Neurology , vol.54 , Issue.4 , pp. 807-812
    • Fox, N.C.1    Jenkins, R.2    Leary, S.M.3
  • 34
    • 0035006178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Normalized accurate measurement of longitudinal brain change
    • Smith S.M., De Stefano N., Jenkinson M., et al. Normalized accurate measurement of longitudinal brain change. J Comput Assist Tomogr 25 3 (2001) 466-475
    • (2001) J Comput Assist Tomogr , vol.25 , Issue.3 , pp. 466-475
    • Smith, S.M.1    De Stefano, N.2    Jenkinson, M.3
  • 35
    • 0036189546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The reproducibility and sensitivity of brain tissue volume measurements derived from an SPM-based segmentation methodology
    • Chard D.T., Parker G.J., Griffin C.M., et al. The reproducibility and sensitivity of brain tissue volume measurements derived from an SPM-based segmentation methodology. J Magn Reson Imaging 15 3 (2002) 259-267
    • (2002) J Magn Reson Imaging , vol.15 , Issue.3 , pp. 259-267
    • Chard, D.T.1    Parker, G.J.2    Griffin, C.M.3
  • 36
    • 34548644548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detecting treatment effects on brain atrophy in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis: sample size estimates
    • Anderson V.M., Bartlett J.W., Fox N.C., et al. Detecting treatment effects on brain atrophy in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis: sample size estimates. J Neurol 254 11 (2007) 1588-1594
    • (2007) J Neurol , vol.254 , Issue.11 , pp. 1588-1594
    • Anderson, V.M.1    Bartlett, J.W.2    Fox, N.C.3
  • 37
    • 10644286629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reproducibility and accuracy of quantitative magnetic resonance imaging techniques of whole-brain atrophy measurement in multiple sclerosis
    • Zivadinov R., Grop A., Sharma J., et al. Reproducibility and accuracy of quantitative magnetic resonance imaging techniques of whole-brain atrophy measurement in multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimaging 15 1 (2005) 27-36
    • (2005) J Neuroimaging , vol.15 , Issue.1 , pp. 27-36
    • Zivadinov, R.1    Grop, A.2    Sharma, J.3
  • 38
    • 0001434533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MRI cerebral atrophy in relapsing-remitting MS: results from the PRISMS trial
    • [abstract]
    • Jones C.K., Riddehough A., Li D.K.B., et al. MRI cerebral atrophy in relapsing-remitting MS: results from the PRISMS trial. Neurology 56 Suppl 3 (2001) A379 [abstract]
    • (2001) Neurology , vol.56 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Jones, C.K.1    Riddehough, A.2    Li, D.K.B.3
  • 39
    • 6944246720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interferon beta-1a for brain tissue loss in patients at presentation with syndromes suggestive of multiple sclerosis: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Filippi M., Rovaris M., Inglese M., et al. Interferon beta-1a for brain tissue loss in patients at presentation with syndromes suggestive of multiple sclerosis: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 364 9444 (2004) 1489-1496
    • (2004) Lancet , vol.364 , Issue.9444 , pp. 1489-1496
    • Filippi, M.1    Rovaris, M.2    Inglese, M.3
  • 40
    • 15544387330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain atrophy and magnetization transfer ratio following methylprednisolone in multiple sclerosis: short-term changes and long-term implications
    • Fox R.J., Fisher E., Tkach J., et al. Brain atrophy and magnetization transfer ratio following methylprednisolone in multiple sclerosis: short-term changes and long-term implications. Mult Scler 11 2 (2005) 140-145
    • (2005) Mult Scler , vol.11 , Issue.2 , pp. 140-145
    • Fox, R.J.1    Fisher, E.2    Tkach, J.3
  • 41
    • 0033586376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictive value of gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for relapse rate and changes in disability or impairment in multiple sclerosis: a meta-analysis. Gadolinium MRI Meta-analysis Group
    • Kappos L., Moeri D., Radue E.W., et al. Predictive value of gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for relapse rate and changes in disability or impairment in multiple sclerosis: a meta-analysis. Gadolinium MRI Meta-analysis Group. Lancet 353 9157 (1999) 964-969
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , Issue.9157 , pp. 964-969
    • Kappos, L.1    Moeri, D.2    Radue, E.W.3
  • 42
    • 0037883298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MRI metrics as surrogate endpoints for EDSS progression in SPMS patients treated with IFN beta-1b
    • Sormani M.P., Bruzzi P., Beckmann K., et al. MRI metrics as surrogate endpoints for EDSS progression in SPMS patients treated with IFN beta-1b. Neurology 60 9 (2003) 1462-1466
    • (2003) Neurology , vol.60 , Issue.9 , pp. 1462-1466
    • Sormani, M.P.1    Bruzzi, P.2    Beckmann, K.3
  • 43
    • 0033546980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative MRI in patients with secondary progressive MS treated with monoclonal antibody Campath 1H
    • Paolillo A., Coles A.J., Molyneux P.D., et al. Quantitative MRI in patients with secondary progressive MS treated with monoclonal antibody Campath 1H. Neurology 53 4 (1999) 751-757
    • (1999) Neurology , vol.53 , Issue.4 , pp. 751-757
    • Paolillo, A.1    Coles, A.J.2    Molyneux, P.D.3
  • 44
    • 0034646216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cladribine and progressive: clinical and MRI outcomes of a multicenter controlled trial. Cladribine MRI Study Group
    • Rice G.P., Filippi M., and Comi G. Cladribine and progressive: clinical and MRI outcomes of a multicenter controlled trial. Cladribine MRI Study Group. Neurology 54 5 (2000) 1145-1155
    • (2000) Neurology , vol.54 , Issue.5 , pp. 1145-1155
    • Rice, G.P.1    Filippi, M.2    Comi, G.3
  • 45
    • 54949154319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measures of magnetization transfer in multiple sclerosis
    • Cohen J.A., and Rudick R.A. (Eds), Informa Healthcare, London
    • Filippi M., McGowan J.C., and Tortorella C. Measures of magnetization transfer in multiple sclerosis. In: Cohen J.A., and Rudick R.A. (Eds). Multiple sclerosis therapeutics. 3rd edition (2007), Informa Healthcare, London 143-171
    • (2007) Multiple sclerosis therapeutics. 3rd edition , pp. 143-171
    • Filippi, M.1    McGowan, J.C.2    Tortorella, C.3
  • 46
    • 0032724612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Axonal loss in multiple sclerosis lesions: magnetic resonance imaging insights into substrates of disability
    • van Waesberghe J.H., Kamphorst W., De Groot C.J., et al. Axonal loss in multiple sclerosis lesions: magnetic resonance imaging insights into substrates of disability. Ann Neurol 46 5 (1999) 747-754
    • (1999) Ann Neurol , vol.46 , Issue.5 , pp. 747-754
    • van Waesberghe, J.H.1    Kamphorst, W.2    De Groot, C.J.3
  • 47
    • 0032471485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of T2 lesion volume and magnetization transfer ratio histogram analysis and of atrophy and measures of lesion burden in patients with multiple sclerosis
    • Phillips M.D., Grossman R.I., Miki Y., et al. Comparison of T2 lesion volume and magnetization transfer ratio histogram analysis and of atrophy and measures of lesion burden in patients with multiple sclerosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 19 6 (1998) 1055-1060
    • (1998) AJNR Am J Neuroradiol , vol.19 , Issue.6 , pp. 1055-1060
    • Phillips, M.D.1    Grossman, R.I.2    Miki, Y.3
  • 48
    • 0034646345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathologic damage in MS assessed by diffusion-weighted and magnetization transfer MRI
    • Cercignani M., Iannucci G., Rocca M.A., et al. Pathologic damage in MS assessed by diffusion-weighted and magnetization transfer MRI. Neurology 54 5 (2000) 1139-1144
    • (2000) Neurology , vol.54 , Issue.5 , pp. 1139-1144
    • Cercignani, M.1    Iannucci, G.2    Rocca, M.A.3
  • 49
    • 0033021883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of MS clinical phenotypes using conventional and magnetization transfer MRI
    • Filippi M., Iannucci G., Tortorella C., et al. Comparison of MS clinical phenotypes using conventional and magnetization transfer MRI. Neurology 52 3 (1999) 588-594
    • (1999) Neurology , vol.52 , Issue.3 , pp. 588-594
    • Filippi, M.1    Iannucci, G.2    Tortorella, C.3
  • 50
    • 0035282964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetization transfer histogram parameters reflect all dimensions of MS pathology, including atrophy
    • Kalkers N.F., Hintzen R.Q., van Waesberghe J.H., et al. Magnetization transfer histogram parameters reflect all dimensions of MS pathology, including atrophy. J Neurol Sci 184 2 (2001) 155-162
    • (2001) J Neurol Sci , vol.184 , Issue.2 , pp. 155-162
    • Kalkers, N.F.1    Hintzen, R.Q.2    van Waesberghe, J.H.3
  • 51
    • 12244272410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of interferon beta-1b on quantities derived from MT MRI in secondary progressive MS
    • Inglese M., van Waesberghe J.H., Rovaris M., et al. The effect of interferon beta-1b on quantities derived from MT MRI in secondary progressive MS. Neurology 60 5 (2003) 853-860
    • (2003) Neurology , vol.60 , Issue.5 , pp. 853-860
    • Inglese, M.1    van Waesberghe, J.H.2    Rovaris, M.3
  • 52
    • 0032231764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns of lesion development in multiple sclerosis: longitudinal observations with T1-weighted spin-echo and magnetization transfer MR
    • van Waesberghe J.H., van Walderveen M.A., Castelijns J.A., et al. Patterns of lesion development in multiple sclerosis: longitudinal observations with T1-weighted spin-echo and magnetization transfer MR. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 19 4 (1998) 675-683
    • (1998) AJNR Am J Neuroradiol , vol.19 , Issue.4 , pp. 675-683
    • van Waesberghe, J.H.1    van Walderveen, M.A.2    Castelijns, J.A.3
  • 53
    • 0034744432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interferon beta-1b and intravenous methylprednisolone promote lesion recovery in multiple sclerosis
    • Richert N.D., Ostuni J.L., Bash C.N., et al. Interferon beta-1b and intravenous methylprednisolone promote lesion recovery in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 7 1 (2001) 49-58
    • (2001) Mult Scler , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 49-58
    • Richert, N.D.1    Ostuni, J.L.2    Bash, C.N.3
  • 54
    • 0034624920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetization transfer ratio in new MS lesions before and during therapy with IFNbeta-1a
    • Kita M., Goodkin D.E., Bacchetti P., et al. Magnetization transfer ratio in new MS lesions before and during therapy with IFNbeta-1a. Neurology 54 9 (2000) 1741-1745
    • (2000) Neurology , vol.54 , Issue.9 , pp. 1741-1745
    • Kita, M.1    Goodkin, D.E.2    Bacchetti, P.3
  • 55
    • 0037380398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for using quantitative magnetization transfer magnetic resonance imaging for monitoring treatment of multiple sclerosis
    • Horsfield M.A., Barker G.J., Barkhof F., et al. Guidelines for using quantitative magnetization transfer magnetic resonance imaging for monitoring treatment of multiple sclerosis. J Magn Reson Imaging 17 4 (2003) 389-397
    • (2003) J Magn Reson Imaging , vol.17 , Issue.4 , pp. 389-397
    • Horsfield, M.A.1    Barker, G.J.2    Barkhof, F.3
  • 56
    • 0034718536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weekly diffusion-weighted imaging of normal-appearing white matter in MS
    • Rocca M.A., Cercignani M., Iannucci G., et al. Weekly diffusion-weighted imaging of normal-appearing white matter in MS. Neurology 55 6 (2000) 882-884
    • (2000) Neurology , vol.55 , Issue.6 , pp. 882-884
    • Rocca, M.A.1    Cercignani, M.2    Iannucci, G.3
  • 57
    • 0033909486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pathogenesis of lesions and normal-appearing white matter changes in multiple sclerosis: a serial diffusion MRI study
    • Werring D.J., Brassat D., Droogan A.G., et al. The pathogenesis of lesions and normal-appearing white matter changes in multiple sclerosis: a serial diffusion MRI study. Brain 123 Pt 8 (2000) 1667-1676
    • (2000) Brain , vol.123 , Issue.PART 8 , pp. 1667-1676
    • Werring, D.J.1    Brassat, D.2    Droogan, A.G.3
  • 58
    • 16344373815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diffusion tensor imaging in multiple sclerosis: a tool for monitoring changes in normal-appearing white matter
    • Cassol E., Ranjeva J.P., Ibarrola D., et al. Diffusion tensor imaging in multiple sclerosis: a tool for monitoring changes in normal-appearing white matter. Mult Scler 10 2 (2004) 188-196
    • (2004) Mult Scler , vol.10 , Issue.2 , pp. 188-196
    • Cassol, E.1    Ranjeva, J.P.2    Ibarrola, D.3
  • 59
    • 54949109167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A validation study of multi-centre diffusion tensor imaging
    • Fox R.J., Sakaie K., Lee J.C., et al. A validation study of multi-centre diffusion tensor imaging. Mult Scler 13 Suppl 7 (2007) S76
    • (2007) Mult Scler , vol.13 , Issue.SUPPL. 7
    • Fox, R.J.1    Sakaie, K.2    Lee, J.C.3
  • 60
    • 0036136536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-acetylaspartate is an axon-specific marker of mature white matter in vivo: a biochemical and immunohistochemical study on the rat optic nerve
    • Bjartmar C., Battistuta J., Terada N., et al. N-acetylaspartate is an axon-specific marker of mature white matter in vivo: a biochemical and immunohistochemical study on the rat optic nerve. Ann Neurol 51 1 (2002) 51-58
    • (2002) Ann Neurol , vol.51 , Issue.1 , pp. 51-58
    • Bjartmar, C.1    Battistuta, J.2    Terada, N.3
  • 61
    • 0029943953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of lesion pathology in multiple sclerosis using quantitative MRI morphometry and magnetic resonance spectroscopy
    • Matthews P.M., Pioro E., Narayanan S., et al. Assessment of lesion pathology in multiple sclerosis using quantitative MRI morphometry and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Brain 119 Pt 3 (1996) 715-722
    • (1996) Brain , vol.119 , Issue.PART 3 , pp. 715-722
    • Matthews, P.M.1    Pioro, E.2    Narayanan, S.3
  • 62
    • 0031962941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imaging axonal damage of normal-appearing white matter in multiple sclerosis
    • Fu L., Matthews P.M., De Stefano N., et al. Imaging axonal damage of normal-appearing white matter in multiple sclerosis. Brain 121 Pt 1 (1998) 103-113
    • (1998) Brain , vol.121 , Issue.PART 1 , pp. 103-113
    • Fu, L.1    Matthews, P.M.2    De Stefano, N.3
  • 63
    • 28044444326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Axonal metabolic recovery and potential neuroprotective effect of glatiramer acetate in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
    • Khan O., Shen Y., Caon C., et al. Axonal metabolic recovery and potential neuroprotective effect of glatiramer acetate in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 11 6 (2005) 646-651
    • (2005) Mult Scler , vol.11 , Issue.6 , pp. 646-651
    • Khan, O.1    Shen, Y.2    Caon, C.3
  • 64
    • 0031594381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1H-MRS in patients with multiple sclerosis undergoing treatment with interferon beta-1a: results of a preliminary study
    • Sarchielli P., Presciutti O., Tarducci R., et al. 1H-MRS in patients with multiple sclerosis undergoing treatment with interferon beta-1a: results of a preliminary study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 64 2 (1998) 204-212
    • (1998) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.64 , Issue.2 , pp. 204-212
    • Sarchielli, P.1    Presciutti, O.2    Tarducci, R.3
  • 65
    • 0037320285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-interferon treatment does not always slow the progression of axonal injury in multiple sclerosis
    • Parry A., Corkill R., Blamire A.M., et al. Beta-interferon treatment does not always slow the progression of axonal injury in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol 250 2 (2003) 171-178
    • (2003) J Neurol , vol.250 , Issue.2 , pp. 171-178
    • Parry, A.1    Corkill, R.2    Blamire, A.M.3
  • 66
    • 1842608971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indirect evidence for early widespread gray matter involvement in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
    • Inglese M., Ge Y., Filippi M., et al. Indirect evidence for early widespread gray matter involvement in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Neuroimage 21 4 (2004) 1825-1829
    • (2004) Neuroimage , vol.21 , Issue.4 , pp. 1825-1829
    • Inglese, M.1    Ge, Y.2    Filippi, M.3
  • 67
    • 28044462637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Axonal injury in early multiple sclerosis is irreversible and independent of the short-term disease evolution
    • Rovaris M., Gambini A., Gallo A., et al. Axonal injury in early multiple sclerosis is irreversible and independent of the short-term disease evolution. Neurology 65 10 (2005) 1626-1630
    • (2005) Neurology , vol.65 , Issue.10 , pp. 1626-1630
    • Rovaris, M.1    Gambini, A.2    Gallo, A.3
  • 68
    • 36049000228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for using proton MR spectroscopy in multicenter clinical MS studies
    • De Stefano N., Filippi M., Miller D., et al. Guidelines for using proton MR spectroscopy in multicenter clinical MS studies. Neurology 69 20 (2007) 1942-1952
    • (2007) Neurology , vol.69 , Issue.20 , pp. 1942-1952
    • De Stefano, N.1    Filippi, M.2    Miller, D.3
  • 69
    • 0034446552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain and spinal cord atrophy in multiple sclerosis
    • 753-70
    • Simon J.H. Brain and spinal cord atrophy in multiple sclerosis. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 10 4 (2000) 753-70
    • (2000) Neuroimaging Clin N Am , vol.10 , Issue.4
    • Simon, J.H.1
  • 70
    • 0031868819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spinal cord atrophy and disability in MS: a longitudinal study
    • Stevenson V.L., Leary S.M., Losseff N.A., et al. Spinal cord atrophy and disability in MS: a longitudinal study. Neurology 51 1 (1998) 234-238
    • (1998) Neurology , vol.51 , Issue.1 , pp. 234-238
    • Stevenson, V.L.1    Leary, S.M.2    Losseff, N.A.3
  • 71
    • 0041903853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Focal thinning of the cerebral cortex in multiple sclerosis
    • [see comment]
    • Sailer M., Fischl B., Salat D., et al. Focal thinning of the cerebral cortex in multiple sclerosis. Brain 126 Pt 8 (2003) 1734-1744 [see comment]
    • (2003) Brain , vol.126 , Issue.PART 8 , pp. 1734-1744
    • Sailer, M.1    Fischl, B.2    Salat, D.3
  • 72
    • 0037426402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence of early cortical atrophy in MS: relevance to white matter changes and disability
    • De Stefano N., Matthews P.M., Filippi M., et al. Evidence of early cortical atrophy in MS: relevance to white matter changes and disability. Neurology 60 7 (2003) 1157-1162
    • (2003) Neurology , vol.60 , Issue.7 , pp. 1157-1162
    • De Stefano, N.1    Matthews, P.M.2    Filippi, M.3
  • 73
    • 15244357270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gray and white matter volume changes in early RRMS: a 2-year longitudinal study
    • Tiberio M., Chard D.T., Altmann D.R., et al. Gray and white matter volume changes in early RRMS: a 2-year longitudinal study. Neurology 64 6 (2005) 1001-1007
    • (2005) Neurology , vol.64 , Issue.6 , pp. 1001-1007
    • Tiberio, M.1    Chard, D.T.2    Altmann, D.R.3
  • 74
    • 1942489086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grey and white matter atrophy in early clinical stages of primary progressive multiple sclerosis
    • Sastre-Garriga J., Ingle G.T., Chard D.T., et al. Grey and white matter atrophy in early clinical stages of primary progressive multiple sclerosis. Neuroimage 22 1 (2004) 353-359
    • (2004) Neuroimage , vol.22 , Issue.1 , pp. 353-359
    • Sastre-Garriga, J.1    Ingle, G.T.2    Chard, D.T.3
  • 75
    • 33645842780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gray and white matter brain atrophy and neuropsychological impairment in multiple sclerosis
    • Sanfilipo M.P., Benedict R.H., Weinstock-Guttman B., et al. Gray and white matter brain atrophy and neuropsychological impairment in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 66 5 (2006) 685-692
    • (2006) Neurology , vol.66 , Issue.5 , pp. 685-692
    • Sanfilipo, M.P.1    Benedict, R.H.2    Weinstock-Guttman, B.3
  • 76
    • 24344498715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional lobar atrophy predicts memory impairment in multiple sclerosis
    • Benedict R.H., Zivadinov R., Carone D.A., et al. Regional lobar atrophy predicts memory impairment in multiple sclerosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 26 7 (2005) 1824-1831
    • (2005) AJNR Am J Neuroradiol , vol.26 , Issue.7 , pp. 1824-1831
    • Benedict, R.H.1    Zivadinov, R.2    Carone, D.A.3
  • 77
    • 0036339422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional magnetic resonance imaging correlates of fatigue in multiple sclerosis
    • Filippi M., Rocca M.A., Colombo B., et al. Functional magnetic resonance imaging correlates of fatigue in multiple sclerosis. Neuroimage 15 3 (2002) 559-567
    • (2002) Neuroimage , vol.15 , Issue.3 , pp. 559-567
    • Filippi, M.1    Rocca, M.A.2    Colombo, B.3
  • 78
    • 28544436950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2005 revisions to the "McDonald Criteria."
    • Polman C.H., Reingold S.C., Edan G., et al. Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2005 revisions to the "McDonald Criteria.". Ann Neurol 58 6 (2005) 840-846
    • (2005) Ann Neurol , vol.58 , Issue.6 , pp. 840-846
    • Polman, C.H.1    Reingold, S.C.2    Edan, G.3
  • 80
    • 0027503708 scopus 로고
    • Correlation between magnetic resonance imaging findings and lesion development in chronic, active multiple sclerosis
    • Katz D., Taubenberger J.K., Cannella B., et al. Correlation between magnetic resonance imaging findings and lesion development in chronic, active multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 34 5 (1993) 661-669
    • (1993) Ann Neurol , vol.34 , Issue.5 , pp. 661-669
    • Katz, D.1    Taubenberger, J.K.2    Cannella, B.3
  • 81
    • 0023221133 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of multiple sclerosis with gamma interferon: exacerbations associated with activation of the immune system
    • Panitch H.S., Hirsch R.L., Schindler J., et al. Treatment of multiple sclerosis with gamma interferon: exacerbations associated with activation of the immune system. Neurology 37 7 (1987) 1097-1102
    • (1987) Neurology , vol.37 , Issue.7 , pp. 1097-1102
    • Panitch, H.S.1    Hirsch, R.L.2    Schindler, J.3
  • 82
    • 0033546665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Lenercept Multiple Sclerosis Study Group and The University of British Columbia MS/MRI Analysis Group. TNF neutralization in MS: results of a randomized, placebo-controlled multicenter study
    • The Lenercept Multiple Sclerosis Study Group and The University of British Columbia MS/MRI Analysis Group. TNF neutralization in MS: results of a randomized, placebo-controlled multicenter study. Neurology 53 3 (1999) 457-465
    • (1999) Neurology , vol.53 , Issue.3 , pp. 457-465
  • 83
    • 0033786776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Encephalitogenic potential of the myelin basic protein peptide (amino acids 83-99) in multiple sclerosis: results of a phase II clinical trial with an altered peptide ligand
    • Bielekova B., Goodwin B., Richert N., et al. Encephalitogenic potential of the myelin basic protein peptide (amino acids 83-99) in multiple sclerosis: results of a phase II clinical trial with an altered peptide ligand. Nat Med 6 10 (2000) 1167-1175
    • (2000) Nat Med , vol.6 , Issue.10 , pp. 1167-1175
    • Bielekova, B.1    Goodwin, B.2    Richert, N.3
  • 84
    • 33745875004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain atrophy after immunoablation and stem cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis
    • Chen J.T., Collins D.L., Atkins H.L., et al. Brain atrophy after immunoablation and stem cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 66 12 (2006) 1935-1937
    • (2006) Neurology , vol.66 , Issue.12 , pp. 1935-1937
    • Chen, J.T.1    Collins, D.L.2    Atkins, H.L.3
  • 85
    • 22844445230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a patient treated with natalizumab
    • Langer-Gould A., Atlas S.W., Green A.J., et al. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a patient treated with natalizumab. N Engl J Med 353 4 (2005) 375-381
    • (2005) N Engl J Med , vol.353 , Issue.4 , pp. 375-381
    • Langer-Gould, A.1    Atlas, S.W.2    Green, A.J.3
  • 86
    • 77955799815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral fingolimod (FTY720) for relapsing multiple sclerosis
    • Kappos L., Antel J., Comi G., et al. Oral fingolimod (FTY720) for relapsing multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med 355 11 (2006) 1124-1140
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.355 , Issue.11 , pp. 1124-1140
    • Kappos, L.1    Antel, J.2    Comi, G.3
  • 87
    • 0033546663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of anti-alpha4 integrin antibody on brain lesion activity in MS. The UK Antegren Study Group
    • Tubridy N., Behan P.O., Capildeo R., et al. The effect of anti-alpha4 integrin antibody on brain lesion activity in MS. The UK Antegren Study Group. Neurology 53 3 (1999) 466-472
    • (1999) Neurology , vol.53 , Issue.3 , pp. 466-472
    • Tubridy, N.1    Behan, P.O.2    Capildeo, R.3
  • 88
    • 2942537826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Humanized anti-CD25 (daclizumab) inhibits disease activity in multiple sclerosis patients failing to respond to interferon beta
    • Bielekova B., Richert N., Howard T., et al. Humanized anti-CD25 (daclizumab) inhibits disease activity in multiple sclerosis patients failing to respond to interferon beta. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101 23 (2004) 8705-8708
    • (2004) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.101 , Issue.23 , pp. 8705-8708
    • Bielekova, B.1    Richert, N.2    Howard, T.3
  • 89
    • 25844462420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relapse rates and enhancing lesions in a phase II trial of natalizumab in multiple sclerosis
    • O'Connor P., Miller D., Riester K., et al. Relapse rates and enhancing lesions in a phase II trial of natalizumab in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 11 5 (2005) 568-572
    • (2005) Mult Scler , vol.11 , Issue.5 , pp. 568-572
    • O'Connor, P.1    Miller, D.2    Riester, K.3
  • 90
    • 33644584352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of natalizumab for relapsing multiple sclerosis
    • Polman C.H., O'Connor P.W., Havrdova E., et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of natalizumab for relapsing multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med 354 9 (2006) 899-910
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.354 , Issue.9 , pp. 899-910
    • Polman, C.H.1    O'Connor, P.W.2    Havrdova, E.3
  • 91
    • 33644608613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natalizumab plus interferon beta-1a for relapsing multiple sclerosis
    • Rudick R.A., Stuart W.H., Calabresi P.A., et al. Natalizumab plus interferon beta-1a for relapsing multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med 354 9 (2006) 911-923
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.354 , Issue.9 , pp. 911-923
    • Rudick, R.A.1    Stuart, W.H.2    Calabresi, P.A.3
  • 92
    • 0033046145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistical power of MRI monitored trials in multiple sclerosis: new data and comparison with previous results
    • Sormani M.P., Molyneux P.D., Gasperini C., et al. Statistical power of MRI monitored trials in multiple sclerosis: new data and comparison with previous results. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 66 4 (1999) 465-469
    • (1999) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.66 , Issue.4 , pp. 465-469
    • Sormani, M.P.1    Molyneux, P.D.2    Gasperini, C.3
  • 93
    • 9044234404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of triple dose versus standard dose gadolinium-DTPA for detection of MRI enhancing lesions in patients with MS
    • Filippi M., Yousry T., Campi A., et al. Comparison of triple dose versus standard dose gadolinium-DTPA for detection of MRI enhancing lesions in patients with MS. Neurology 46 2 (1996) 379-384
    • (1996) Neurology , vol.46 , Issue.2 , pp. 379-384
    • Filippi, M.1    Yousry, T.2    Campi, A.3
  • 94
    • 8244222298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of clinical relapses and steroid therapy on the development of Gd-enhancing lesions: a longitudinal MRI study in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients
    • Gasperini C., Pozzilli C., Bastianello S., et al. The influence of clinical relapses and steroid therapy on the development of Gd-enhancing lesions: a longitudinal MRI study in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients. Acta Neurol Scand 95 4 (1997) 201-207
    • (1997) Acta Neurol Scand , vol.95 , Issue.4 , pp. 201-207
    • Gasperini, C.1    Pozzilli, C.2    Bastianello, S.3
  • 95
    • 33645767159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance imaging as a surrogate outcome measure of disability in multiple sclerosis: have we been overly harsh in our assessment?
    • Goodin D.S. Magnetic resonance imaging as a surrogate outcome measure of disability in multiple sclerosis: have we been overly harsh in our assessment?. Ann Neurol 59 4 (2006) 597-605
    • (2006) Ann Neurol , vol.59 , Issue.4 , pp. 597-605
    • Goodin, D.S.1
  • 96
    • 0345186741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of quantitative magnetic-resonance-based techniques to monitor the evolution of multiple sclerosis
    • Filippi M., Rocca M.A., and Comi G. The use of quantitative magnetic-resonance-based techniques to monitor the evolution of multiple sclerosis. Lancet Neurol 2 6 (2003) 337-346
    • (2003) Lancet Neurol , vol.2 , Issue.6 , pp. 337-346
    • Filippi, M.1    Rocca, M.A.2    Comi, G.3
  • 97
    • 0034104977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of magnetic resonance imaging in multiple sclerosis treatment trials: power calculations for annual lesion load measurement
    • Molyneux P.D., Miller D.H., Filippi M., et al. The use of magnetic resonance imaging in multiple sclerosis treatment trials: power calculations for annual lesion load measurement. J Neurol 247 1 (2000) 34-40
    • (2000) J Neurol , vol.247 , Issue.1 , pp. 34-40
    • Molyneux, P.D.1    Miller, D.H.2    Filippi, M.3
  • 98
    • 33748658691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reliability of MRI-derived measurements of human cerebral cortical thickness: the effects of field strength, scanner upgrade and manufacturer
    • Han X., Jovicich J., Salat D., et al. Reliability of MRI-derived measurements of human cerebral cortical thickness: the effects of field strength, scanner upgrade and manufacturer. Neuroimage 32 1 (2006) 180-194
    • (2006) Neuroimage , vol.32 , Issue.1 , pp. 180-194
    • Han, X.1    Jovicich, J.2    Salat, D.3
  • 99
    • 0035038287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intra-observer, inter-observer and inter-scanner variations in brain MRI volume measurements in multiple sclerosis
    • Gasperini C., Rovaris M., Sormani M.P., et al. Intra-observer, inter-observer and inter-scanner variations in brain MRI volume measurements in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 7 1 (2001) 27-31
    • (2001) Mult Scler , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 27-31
    • Gasperini, C.1    Rovaris, M.2    Sormani, M.P.3
  • 100
    • 0031964818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative techniques for lesion load measurement in multiple sclerosis: an assessment of the global threshold technique after non uniformity and histogram matching corrections
    • Molyneux P.D., Wang L., Lai M., et al. Quantitative techniques for lesion load measurement in multiple sclerosis: an assessment of the global threshold technique after non uniformity and histogram matching corrections. Eur J Neurol 5 1 (1998) 55-60
    • (1998) Eur J Neurol , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 55-60
    • Molyneux, P.D.1    Wang, L.2    Lai, M.3
  • 101
    • 0034435825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitation of T2 lesion load in patients with multiple sclerosis: a novel semiautomated segmentation technique
    • Raff U., Rojas G.M., Hutchinson M., et al. Quantitation of T2 lesion load in patients with multiple sclerosis: a novel semiautomated segmentation technique. Acad Radiol 7 4 (2000) 237-247
    • (2000) Acad Radiol , vol.7 , Issue.4 , pp. 237-247
    • Raff, U.1    Rojas, G.M.2    Hutchinson, M.3
  • 102
    • 0033661483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automated segmentation and measurement of global white matter lesion volume in patients with multiple sclerosis
    • Alfano B., Brunetti A., Larobina M., et al. Automated segmentation and measurement of global white matter lesion volume in patients with multiple sclerosis. J Magn Reson Imaging 12 6 (2000) 799-807
    • (2000) J Magn Reson Imaging , vol.12 , Issue.6 , pp. 799-807
    • Alfano, B.1    Brunetti, A.2    Larobina, M.3
  • 103
    • 4444373991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automatic segmentation of different-sized white matter lesions by voxel probability estimation
    • Anbeek P., Vincken K.L., van Osch M.J., et al. Automatic segmentation of different-sized white matter lesions by voxel probability estimation. Med Image Anal 8 3 (2004) 205-215
    • (2004) Med Image Anal , vol.8 , Issue.3 , pp. 205-215
    • Anbeek, P.1    Vincken, K.L.2    van Osch, M.J.3
  • 104
    • 33748062327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automated segmentation of multiple sclerosis lesion subtypes with multichannel MRI
    • Wu Y., Warfield S.K., Tan I.L., et al. Automated segmentation of multiple sclerosis lesion subtypes with multichannel MRI. Neuroimage 32 3 (2006) 1205-1215
    • (2006) Neuroimage , vol.32 , Issue.3 , pp. 1205-1215
    • Wu, Y.1    Warfield, S.K.2    Tan, I.L.3
  • 105
    • 0036999278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain MRI lesion load quantification in multiple sclerosis: a comparison between automated multispectral and semi-automated thresholding computer-assisted techniques
    • Achiron A., Gicquel S., Miron S., et al. Brain MRI lesion load quantification in multiple sclerosis: a comparison between automated multispectral and semi-automated thresholding computer-assisted techniques. Magn Reson Imaging 20 10 (2002) 713-720
    • (2002) Magn Reson Imaging , vol.20 , Issue.10 , pp. 713-720
    • Achiron, A.1    Gicquel, S.2    Miron, S.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.