Mechanism of skin pigmentation

Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering

Volumn 13, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 383-395

  Uyen, Lam Do Phuong ^a   Nguyen, Dung Hoang ^a   Kim, Eun Ki ^a  

^a Inha University   (South Korea)

Author keywords

Keratinocyte; Melanin; Regulation; Tyrosinase; Ultraviolet radiation

Indexed keywords

AGOUTI PROTEIN; AMIODARONE; ANTIMALARIAL AGENT; BLEOMYCIN; CADHERIN; CYCLIC AMP DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE; CYTOTOXIC AGENT; ENDOTHELIN; ENDOTHELIN B RECEPTOR; HEAVY METAL; MELANIN; MINOCYCLINE; MONOPHENOL MONOOXYGENASE; NEUROLEPTIC AGENT; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; PHENYTOIN; PROTEIN KINASE C; SCATTER FACTOR; STEM CELL FACTOR RECEPTOR; TETRACYCLINE; WNT PROTEIN;

ARTICLE; BIOSYNTHESIS; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL FUNCTION; CELL MATURATION; CELL PROLIFERATION; CELL STRUCTURE; CELL SURVIVAL; CELL TRANSPORT; CELLULAR DISTRIBUTION; DENDRITIC CELL; ENZYME ACTIVATION; HUMAN; HYPERPIGMENTATION; KERATINOCYTE; MELANOCYTE; MELANOGENESIS; MELANOSOME; NONHUMAN; PIGMENT DISORDER; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN FUNCTION; REGULATORY MECHANISM; SKIN PIGMENTATION; ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION;

EID: 52749090621     PISSN: 12268372     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s12257-008-0143-z     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. Slominski, A., D. J. Tobin, S. Shibahara, and J. Wortsman (2004) The pigmentation in mammalian skin and its hormonal regulation. Physiol. Rev. 84: 1155-1228.
2. Solano, F., S. Briganti, M. Picardo, and G. Ghanem (2006) Hypopigmenting agents: An updated review on biological, chemical and clinical aspects. Pigment Cell Res. 19: 550-571.
3. Goding, C. R. (2007) Melanocytes: The new Black. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 39: 275-279.
4. Freedberg, I. M., A. Z. Eisen, K. Wolff, K. F. Austen, L. A. Goldsmith, and S. Katz (2003) Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine. 6th ed. McGraw-Hill, Columbus, USA.
5. Osawa, M., G. Egawa, S. S. Mak, M. Moriyama, R. Freter, S. Yonetani, F. Beermann, and S. I. Nishikawa (2005) Molecular characterization of melanocyte stem cells in their niche. Development 132: 5589-5599.
6. Bolognia, J. L., J. L. Jorizzo, and R. P. Rapini (2007) Dermatology. 2nd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
7. Alhaidari, Z., T. Olivry, and J. P. Ortonne (1999) Melanocytogenesis and melanogenesis: Genetic regulation and comparative clinical diseases. Vet. Dermatol. 10: 3-16.
8. Anne, L. and T. John (2006) Adverse Drug Reactions. 2nd ed. Pharmaceutical Press, London, UK.
9. Steingrímsson, E., N. G. Copeland, and N. A. Jenkins (2004) Melanocytes and the microphthalmia transcription factor network. Annu. Rev. Genet. 38: 365-411.
10. Carreira, S., J. Goodall, I. Aksan, S. A. La Rocca, M. D. Galibert, L. Denat, L. Larue, and C. R. Goding (2005) Mitf cooperates with Rb1 and activates p21Cip1 expression to regulate cell cycle progression. Nature 433: 764-769.
11. Haskell-Luevano, C., H. Miwa, C. Dickinson, V. J. Hruby, T. Yamada, and I. Gantz (1994) Binding and cAMP studies of melanotropin peptides with the cloned human peripheral melanocortin receptor, hMC1R. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 204: 1137-1142.
12. Sulaimon, S. S. and B. E. Kitchell (2003) The biology of melanocytes. Vet. Dermatol. 14: 57-65.
13. Jouneau, A., Y. Q. Yu, M. Pasdar, and L. Larue (2000) Plasticity of cadherin-catenin expression in the melanocyte lineage. Pigment Cell Res. 13: 260-272.
14. Kunisada, T., H. Yamazaki, T. Hirobe, S. Kamei, M. Omoteno, H. Tagaya, H. Hemmi, U. Koshimizu, T. Nakamura, and S. I. Hayashi (2000) Keratinocyte expression of transgenic hepatocyte growth factor affects melanocyte development, leading to dermal melanocytosis. Mech. Dev. 94: 67-78.
15. Pla, P. and L. Larue (2003) Involvement of endothelin receptors in normal and pathological development of neural crest cells. Int. J. Dev. Biol. 47: 315-325.
16. Lahav, R., E. Dupin, L. Lecoin, C. Glavieux, D. Champeval, C. Ziller, and N. M. Le Douarin (1998) Endothelin 3 selectively promotes survival and proliferation of neural crest-derived glial and melanocytic precursors in vitro. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95: 14214-14219.
17. Nishimura, E. K., H. Yoshida, T. Kunisada, and S. I. Nishikawa (1999) Regulation of E-and P-cadherin exression correlated with melanocyte migration and diversification. Dev. Biol. 215: 155-166.
18. Herlyn, M., C. Berking, G. Li, and K. Satyamoorthy (2000) Lessons from melanocyte development for understanding the biological events in naevus and melanoma formation. Melanoma Res. 10: 303-312.
19. Jimbow, K., W. C. Quevedo, Jr. T. B. Fitzpatrick, and G. Szabo (1976) Some aspects of melanin biology: 1950-1975. J. Invest. Dermatol. 67: 72-89.
20. Szabo, G. (1967) The regional anatomy of the human integument with special reference to the distribution of hair follicles, sweat glands and melanocytes. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 252: 447-485.
21. Bolognia, J. L. and J. M. Pawelek (1988) Biology of hypopigmentation. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 19: 217-255.
22. Jimbow, K., P. F. Gomez, K. Toyofuku, D. Chang, S. Miura, H. Tsujiya, and J. S. Park (1997) Biological role of tyrosinase related protein and its biosynthesis and transport from TGN to stage I melanosome, late endosome, through gene transfection study. Pigment Cell Res. 10: 206-213.
23. Helenius, A. and M. Aebi (2001) Intracellular functions of N-linked glycans. Science 291: 2364-2369.
24. Branza-Nichita, N., A. J. Petrescu, G. Negroiu, R. A. Dwek, and S. M. Petrescu (2000) N-Glycosylation processing and glycoprotein folding-lessons from the tyrosinase-related proteins. Chem. Rev. 100: 4697-4712.
25. Olivares, C., F. Solano, and J. C. García-Borrón (2003) Conformation-dependent post-translational glycosylation of tyrosinase. Requirement of a specific interaction involving the CuB metal binding site. J. Biol. Chem. 278: 15735-15743.
26. Halaban, R., E. Cheng, Y. Zhang, G. Moellmann, D. Hanlon, M. Michalak, V. Setaluri, and D. N. Hebert (1997) Aberrant retention of tyrosinase in the endoplasmic reticulum mediates accelerated degradation of the enzyme and contributes to the dedifferentiated phenotype of amelanotic melanoma cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94: 6210-6215.
27. Park, H. Y. and B. A. Gilchrest (1999) Signaling pathway mediating melanogenesis. Cell. Mol. Biol. 45: 919-930.
28. Choe, T., I. Park, and S. Hong (2002) Determination of tyrosinase mRNA in melanoma by reverse transcription-PCR and optical mirror resonance biosensor. Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng. 7: 212-215.
29. Setaluri, V. (2000) Sorting and targeting of melanosomal membrane proteins: Signals, pathways, and mechanisms. Pigment Cell Res. 13: 128-134.
30. Raposo, G. and M. S. Marks (2002) The dark side of lysosome-related organelles: Specialization of the endocytic pathway for melanosome biogenesis. Traffic 3: 237-248.
31. Seabra, M. C., E. H. Mules, and A. N. Hume (2002) Rab GTPases, intracellular traffic and disease. Trends Mol. Med. 8: 23-30.
32. Hearing, V. J. (2005) Biogenesis of pigment granules: A sensitive way to regulate melanocyte function. J. Dermatol. Sci. 37: 3-14.
33. García-Borrón, J. C. and F. Solano (2002) Molecular anatomy of tyrosinase and its related proteins: Beyond the histidine-bound metal catalytic center. Pigment Cell Res. 15: 162-173.
34. Berens, W., K. Van Den Bossche, T. J. Yoon, W. Westbroek, J. C. Valencia, C. J. Out, J. Marie Naeyaert, V. J. Hearing, and J. Lambert (2005) Different approaches for assaying melanosome transfer. Pigment Cell Res. 18: 370-381.
35. Slominski, A., D. J. Tobin, S. Shibahara, and J. Wortsman (2004) Melanin pigmentation in mammalian skin and its hormonal regulation. Physiol. Rev. 84: 1155-1228.
36. Kushimoto, T., J. C. Valencia, G.-E. Costin, K. Toyofuku, H. Watabe, K.-I. Yasumoto, F. Rouzaud, W. D. Vieira, and V. J. Hearing (2003) The melanosome: An ideal model to study cellular differentiation. Pigment Cell Res. 16: 237-244.
37. Ancans, J., M. J. Hoogduijn, and A. J. Thody (2001) Melanosomal pH, pink locus protein and their roles in melanogenesis. J. Invest. Dermatol. 117: 158-159.
38. Du, L. and D. E. Fisher (2002) Identification of Aim-1 as the underwhite mouse mutant and its transcriptional regulation by MITF. J. Biol. Chem. 277: 402-406.
39. Zuberbühler, D. A. D. (2002) Influence of the Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Linoleic Acid, Arachidonic Acid, a-linolenic Acid and γ-linolenic Acid on Melanogenesis of B16 Mouse Melanoma Cells And Normal Human Melanocytes. Ph.D. Thesis. University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
40. Jimenez-Cervantes, C., J. C. García-Borrón, P. Valverde, F. Solano, and J. A. Lozano (1993) Tyrosinase isoenzymes in mammalian melanocytes. 1. Biochemical characterization of two melanosomal tyrosinases from B16 mouse melanoma. Eur. J. Biochem. 217: 549-556.
41. Petit, L. and G. E. Piérard (2003) Skin-lightening products revisited. Int. J. Cosmet. Sci. 25: 169-181.
42. Ferguson, C. A. and S. H. Kidson (1997) The regulation of tyrosinase gene transcription. Pigment Cell Res. 10: 127-138.
43. Barral, D. C. and M. C. Seabra (2004) The melanosome as a model to study organelle motility in mammals. Pigment Cell Res. 17: 111-118.
44. Boissy, R. E., C. Sakai, H. Zhao, T. Kobayashi, and V. J. Hearing (1998) Human tyrosinase related protein-1 (TRP-1) does not function as a DHICA oxidase activity in contrast to murine TRP-1. Exp. Dermatol. 7: 198-204.
45. Jimbow, K., J. S. Park, F. Kato, K. Hirosaki, K. Toyofuku, C. Hua, and T. Yamashita (2000) Assembly, target-signaling and intracellular transport of tyrosinase gene family proteins in the initial stage of melanosome biogenesis. Pigment Cell Res. 13: 222-229.
46. Hirokawa, N. (1998) Kinesin and dynein superfamily proteins and the mechanism of organelle transport. Science 279: 519-526.
47. Vale, R. D. (2003) The molecular motor toolbox for intracellular transport. Cell 112: 467-480.
48. Hara, M., M. Yaar, H. R. Byers, D. Goukassian, R. E. Fine, J. Gonsalves, and B. A. Gilchrest (2000) Kinesin participates in melanosomal movement along melanocyte dendrites. J. Invest. Dermatol. 114: 438-443.
49. Marks, M. S. and M. C. Seabra (2001) The melanosome: Membrane dynamics in black and white. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 2: 738-748.
50. Boissy, R. E. (2003) Melanosome transfer to and translocation in the keratinocyte. Exp. Dermatol. 12: 5-12.
51. Van Den Bossche, K., J. M. Naeyaert, and J. Lambert (2006) The quest for the mechanism of melanin transfer. Traffic 7: 769-778.
52. Stanojevic, M., Z. Stanojevic, D. Jovanovic, and M. Stojiljkovic (2004) Ultraviolet radiation and melanogenesis. Arch. Oncol. 12: 203-205.
53. Scott, G., S. Leopardi, S. Printup, and B. C. Madden (2002) Filopodia are conduits for melanosome transfer to keratinocytes. J. Cell Sci. 115: 1441-1451.
54. Jimbow, K., C. Hua, P. F. Gomez, K. Hirosaki, K. Shinoda, T. G. Salopek, H. Matsusaka, H. Y. Jin, and T. Yamashita (2000) Intracellular vesicular trafficking of tyrosinase gene family protein in eu-and pheomelanosome biogenesis. Pigment Cell Res. 13: 110-117.
55. Seiberg, M. (2001) Keratinocyte-melanocyte interactions during melanosome transfer. Pigment Cell Res. 14: 236-242.
56. Parvez, S., M. Kang, H. S. Chung, C. Cho, M. C. Hong, M. K. Shin, and H. Bae (2006) Survey and mechanism of skin depigmenting and lightening agents. Phytother. Res. 20: 921-934.
57. Villarama, C. D. and H. I. Maibach (2005) Glutathione as a depigmenting agent: An overview. Int. J. Cosmet. Sci. 27: 147-153.
58. Chakraborty, A. K., Y. Funasaka, A. Slominski, J. Bolognia, S. Sodi, M. Ichihashi, and J. M. Pawelek (1999) UV lights and MSH receptors. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 885: 100-116.
59. Lee, H. J. and Y. Seo (2006) Antioxidant properties of Erigeron Annuus extract and its three phenolic constituents. Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng. 11: 13-18.
60. Kang, K. A., S. Chae, K. H. Lee, R. Zhang, M. S. Jung, H. J. You, J. S. Kim, and J. W. Hyun (2005) Antioxidant effect of homogentisic acid on hydrogen peroxide induced oxidative stress in human lung fibroblast cells. Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng. 10: 556-563.
61. Bolognia, J., M. Murray, and J. Pawelek (1989) UVB-induced melanogenesis may be mediated through the MSH-receptor system. J. Invest. Dermatol. 92: 651-656.
62. Halaban, R., B. S. Kwon, and S. Ghosh (1988) bFGF as an autocrine growth factor for human melanomas. Oncogene Res. 3: 177-186.
63. Barsh, G. S. (1995) Pigmentation, pleiotropy, and genetic pathways in humans and mice. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 57: 743-747.
64. Smith, R., E. Healy, S. Siddiqui, N. Flanagan, P.M. Steijlen, I. Rosdahl, J. P. Jacques, S. Rogers, R. Turner, I. J. Jackson, M. A. Birch-Machin, and J. L. Rees (1998) Melanocortin 1 receptor variants in an Irish population. J. Invest. Dermatol. 111: 119-122.
65. Rees, J. L. (2000) The melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R): More than just red hair. Pigment Cell Res. 13: 135-140.
66. Valverde, P., E. Healy, I. Jackson, J. L. Rees, and A. J. Thody (1995) Variants of the melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor gene are associated with red hair and fair skin in humans. Nat. Genet. 11: 328-330.
67. Furumura, M., C. Sakai, Z. Abdel-Malek, G. S. Barsh, and V. J. Hearing (1996) The interaction of agouti signal protein and melanocyte stimulating hormone to regulate melanin formation in mammals. Pigment Cell Res. 9: 191-203.
68. Sakai, C., M. Ollmann, T. Kobayashi, Z. Abdel-Malek, J. Muller, W. D. Vieira, G. Imokawa, G. S. Barsh, and V. J. Hearing (1997) Modulation of murine melanocyte function in vitro by agouti signal protein. EMBO J. 16: 3544-3552.
69. +T cells. Eur. J. Immunol. 31: 2690-2701.