메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 28, Issue 5, 2008, Pages 1375-1394

Derivation of noncancer reference values for acrylonitrile

Author keywords

Acrylonitrile; Noncancer dose response assessment; Reference concentration; Reference dose

Indexed keywords

TOXICITY;

EID: 52449124744     PISSN: 02724332     EISSN: 15396924     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2008.01101.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (9)

References (80)
  • 1
    • 0344591086 scopus 로고
    • The condition of the metabolism of mediating substances in workers producing acrylonitrile.
    • (in Russian), as reported in WHO (1983).
    • Ageeva, S. T. (1970). The condition of the metabolism of mediating substances in workers producing acrylonitrile. Trudy Saratov Meditsinskogo Instituta, 78, 10 13 (in Russian), as reported in WHO (1983).
    • (1970) Trudy Saratov Meditsinskogo Instituta , vol.78 , pp. 10-13
    • Ageeva, S.T.1
  • 2
    • 0343409414 scopus 로고
    • Clinical symptoms of chronic poisoning by acrylonitrile
    • & (in Russian), as reported in WHO (1983).
    • Babanov, G. P., Kljuchikov, V. N., Karajeva, N. I., & Lileeva, Z. V. (1959). Clinical symptoms of chronic poisoning by acrylonitrile. Vrachebnoe Delo, 8, 833 836 (in Russian), as reported in WHO (1983).
    • (1959) Vrachebnoe Delo , vol.8 , pp. 833-836
    • Babanov, G.P.1    Kljuchikov, V.N.2    Karajeva, N.I.3    Lileeva, Z.V.4
  • 5
    • 0018572847 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation and control of industrial exposure to acrylonitrile
    • Baxter, R. A. (1979). Evaluation and control of industrial exposure to acrylonitrile. The Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 22, 429 435.
    • (1979) The Annals of Occupational Hygiene , vol.22 , pp. 429-435
    • Baxter, R.A.1
  • 7
    • 0031869770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality of United Kingdom acrylonitrile workers - An extended and undated study
    • &
    • Benn, T., & Osborne, K. 1998). Mortality of United Kingdom acrylonitrile workers - an extended and undated study. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, 24 (Suppl 2 17 24.
    • (1998) Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health , vol.24 , Issue.2 , pp. 17-24
    • Benn, T.1    Osborne, K.2
  • 8
    • 0022641697 scopus 로고
    • Primary brain tumours in Fischer 344 rats chronically exposed to acrylonitrile in their drinking water
    • &
    • Bigner, D. D., Bigner, S. H., Burger, P. C., Shelburne, J. D., & Friedman, H. S. (1986). Primary brain tumours in Fischer 344 rats chronically exposed to acrylonitrile in their drinking water. Food Chemical Toxicology, 24, 129 137.
    • (1986) Food Chemical Toxicology , vol.24 , pp. 129-137
    • Bigner, D.D.1    Bigner, S.H.2    Burger, P.C.3    Shelburne, J.D.4    Friedman, H.S.5
  • 13
    • 0028046087 scopus 로고
    • Comparative metabolism and disposition of acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile in rats
    • &
    • Burka, L. T., Sanchez, I. M., Ahmed, A. E., & Ghanayem, B. I. (1994). Comparative metabolism and disposition of acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile in rats. Archives of Toxicology, 68 (10 611 618.
    • (1994) Archives of Toxicology , vol.68 , Issue.10 , pp. 611-618
    • Burka, L.T.1    Sanchez, I.M.2    Ahmed, A.E.3    Ghanayem, B.I.4
  • 14
    • 85018703205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study on the effects of occupational exposure to acrylonitrile in workers
    • &
    • Chen Y., Chen C., & Zhu P 2000). Study on the effects of occupational exposure to acrylonitrile in workers. Jinshan Hospital. China Occup Med J.
    • (2000) Jinshan Hospital. China Occup Med J.
    • Chen, Y.1    Chen, C.2    Zhu, P.3
  • 16
    • 0024397981 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of organonitriles to cyanide by rat nasal tissue enzymes
    • &
    • Dahl, A. R., & Waruszewski, B. A. (1989). Metabolism of organonitriles to cyanide by rat nasal tissue enzymes. Xenobiotica, 19, 1201 1205.
    • (1989) Xenobiotica , vol.19 , pp. 1201-1205
    • Dahl, A.R.1    Waruszewski, B.A.2
  • 17
    • 0015771206 scopus 로고
    • Investigation of fatal acrylonitrile intoxications. Pesticides and the environment, a continuing controversy
    • &
    • Davis, J. H., Davies, J. E., Americo Rafonnelli, R. S., & Reich, G. (1973). Investigation of fatal acrylonitrile intoxications. Pesticides and the environment, a continuing controversy. International Medicine of Book Corp., 2, 547 556.
    • (1973) International Medicine of Book Corp. , vol.2 , pp. 547-556
    • Davis, J.H.1    Davies, J.E.2    Americo Rafonnelli, R.S.3    Reich, G.4
  • 19
    • 52449117211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study of Occupational Harmfulness to AN Workers
    • & Safety and Technology, Daqing Petrochemical General Plant.
    • Dong, D., Tao, D., & Yang, Y 2000b). Study of occupational harmfulness to AN workers. Industrial Health Dept. Safety and Technology, Daqing Petrochemical General Plant.
    • (2000) Industrial Health Dept
    • Dong, D.1    Tao, D.2    Yang, Y.3
  • 20
    • 0002590216 scopus 로고
    • Toxicology of acrylonitrile (vinyl cyanide). I. Study of the acute toxicity
    • &
    • Dudley, H. C., & Neal, P. A. (1942). Toxicology of acrylonitrile (vinyl cyanide). I. Study of the acute toxicity. The Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology, 24 (2 27 36.
    • (1942) The Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology , vol.24 , Issue.2 , pp. 27-36
    • Dudley, H.C.1    Neal, P.A.2
  • 22
    • 0025880861 scopus 로고
    • Urinary metabolites of [1,2,3-13C]acrylonitrile in rats and mice detected by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
    • &
    • Fennell, T. R., Kedderis, G. L., & Sumner, S. C. (1991). Urinary metabolites of [1,2,3-13C]acrylonitrile in rats and mice detected by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Chemical Research in Toxicology, 4 (6 678 687.
    • (1991) Chemical Research in Toxicology , vol.4 , Issue.6 , pp. 678-687
    • Fennell, T.R.1    Kedderis, G.L.2    Sumner, S.C.3
  • 23
    • 0021996297 scopus 로고
    • Developmental toxicity of the cyanogenic glycoside linamarin in the golden hamster
    • &
    • Frakes, R. A., Sharma, R. P., & Willhite, C. C. (1985). Developmental toxicity of the cyanogenic glycoside linamarin in the golden hamster. Teratology, 31, 241 246.
    • (1985) Teratology , vol.31 , pp. 241-246
    • Frakes, R.A.1    Sharma, R.P.2    Willhite, C.C.3
  • 24
    • 77957175058 scopus 로고
    • Effect of cyanogenic glycosides and protein content in cassava diets on hamster prenatal development
    • &
    • Frakes, R. A., Sharma, R. P., Willhite, C. C., & Gomez, G. (1986a). Effect of cyanogenic glycosides and protein content in cassava diets on hamster prenatal development. Fundamentals of Applied Toxicology, 7, 191 198.
    • (1986) Fundamentals of Applied Toxicology , vol.7 , pp. 191-198
    • Frakes, R.A.1    Sharma, R.P.2    Willhite, C.C.3    Gomez, G.4
  • 25
    • 0022531036 scopus 로고
    • Comparative metabolism of linamarin and amygdalin in hamsters
    • &
    • Frakes, R. A., Sharma, R. P., & Willhite, C. C. (1986b). Comparative metabolism of linamarin and amygdalin in hamsters. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 24, 417 420.
    • (1986) Food and Chemical Toxicology , vol.24 , pp. 417-420
    • Frakes, R.A.1    Sharma, R.P.2    Willhite, C.C.3
  • 26
    • 0037166697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three-generation reproduction study of rats receiving acrylonitrile in drinking water
    • &
    • Friedman, M. A., & Beliles, R. P. (2002). Three-generation reproduction study of rats receiving acrylonitrile in drinking water. Toxicology Letters, 132 (3 249 261.
    • (2002) Toxicology Letters , vol.132 , Issue.3 , pp. 249-261
    • Friedman, M.A.1    Beliles, R.P.2
  • 27
    • 0031911853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relative neurotoxicological properties of five unsaturated aliphatic nitriles in rats
    • &
    • Gagnaire, F., Marignac, B., & Bonnet, P. (1998). Relative neurotoxicological properties of five unsaturated aliphatic nitriles in rats. Journal of Applied Toxicology, 18, 25 31.
    • (1998) Journal of Applied Toxicology , vol.18 , pp. 25-31
    • Gagnaire, F.1    Marignac, B.2    Bonnet, P.3
  • 31
    • 0031427031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of the carcinogen, acrylonitrile, on forestomach cell proliferation and apoptosis in the rat: Comparison with methacrylonitrile
    • &
    • Ghanayem, B. I., Elwell, M. R., & Eldridge, S. R. (1997). Effects of the carcinogen, acrylonitrile, on forestomach cell proliferation and apoptosis in the rat: comparison with methacrylonitrile. Carcinogenesis, 18 (4 675 680.
    • (1997) Carcinogenesis , vol.18 , Issue.4 , pp. 675-680
    • Ghanayem, B.I.1    Elwell, M.R.2    Eldridge, S.R.3
  • 33
    • 0035996059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acrylonitrile is a multisite carcinogen in male and female B6C3F1 mice
    • &
    • Ghanayem, B. I., Nyska, A., Haseman, J. K., & Bucher, J. R. (2002). Acrylonitrile is a multisite carcinogen in male and female B6C3F1 mice. Toxicological Sciences, 68 (1 59 68.
    • (2002) Toxicological Sciences , vol.68 , Issue.1 , pp. 59-68
    • Ghanayem, B.I.1    Nyska, A.2    Haseman, J.K.3    Bucher, J.R.4
  • 35
    • 0019947182 scopus 로고
    • Comparative morphometry of the nasal cavity in rats and mice
    • &
    • Gross, E. A., Swenberg, J. A., Fields, S., & Popp, J. A. (1982). Comparative morphometry of the nasal cavity in rats and mice. Journal of Anatomy, 135 (Pt 1 83 88.
    • (1982) Journal of Anatomy , vol.135 , Issue.1 , pp. 83-88
    • Gross, E.A.1    Swenberg, J.A.2    Fields, S.3    Popp, J.A.4
  • 36
    • 84996391127 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the toxicology of acrylonitrile: Metabolism, mode of action and therapy
    • &
    • Hashimoto, K., & Kanai, R. (1965). Studies on the toxicology of acrylonitrile: Metabolism, mode of action and therapy. Industrial Health, 3, 30 46.
    • (1965) Industrial Health , vol.3 , pp. 30-46
    • Hashimoto, K.1    Kanai, R.2
  • 37
    • 0343845359 scopus 로고
    • A case of acute dermatitis caused by contact with acrylonitrile
    • &
    • Hashimoto, K., & Kobayasi, T. (1961). A case of acute dermatitis caused by contact with acrylonitrile. Quarterly Journal of Labor Research, 9 (1-4 21 24.
    • (1961) Quarterly Journal of Labor Research , vol.9 , Issue.14 , pp. 21-24
    • Hashimoto, K.1    Kobayasi, T.2
  • 38
    • 0004636259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IPCS. Guidance Document for the Use of Data in Development of Chemical-Specific Adjustment Factors (CSAFs) for Interspecies Differences and Human Variability in Dose/Concentration-Response Assessment. WHO/PCS/01.4
    • IPCS 2001). International Programme on Chemical Safety. Guidance Document for the Use of Data in Development of Chemical-Specific Adjustment Factors (CSAFs) for Interspecies Differences and Human Variability in Dose/Concentration-Response Assessment. WHO/PCS/01.4
    • (2001) International Programme on Chemical Safety
  • 39
    • 0004104069 scopus 로고
    • IRIS. Full summary for acrylonitrile. USEPA: Available at
    • IRIS 1991). Integrated risk information system. Full summary for acrylonitrile. USEPA : Available at http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0206.htm
    • (1991) Integrated Risk Information System
  • 40
    • 0037166695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic toxicity and oncogenic dose-response effects of lifetime oral acrylonitrile exposure to Fischer 344 rats
    • &
    • Johannsen, F. R., & Levinskas, G. J. (2002a). Chronic toxicity and oncogenic dose-response effects of lifetime oral acrylonitrile exposure to Fischer 344 rats. Toxicology Letters, 132, 221 247.
    • (2002) Toxicology Letters , vol.132 , pp. 221-247
    • Johannsen, F.R.1    Levinskas, G.J.2
  • 41
    • 0037166686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity of acrylonitrile by drinking water and oral intubation to Spartan(R) Sprague-Dawley rats
    • &
    • Johannsen, F. R., & Levinskas, G. J. (2002b). Comparative chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity of acrylonitrile by drinking water and oral intubation to Spartan(R) Sprague-Dawley rats. Toxicology Letters, 132, 197 219.
    • (2002) Toxicology Letters , vol.132 , pp. 197-219
    • Johannsen, F.R.1    Levinskas, G.J.2
  • 42
    • 0026824269 scopus 로고
    • Effect of chronic exposure to acrylonitrile on subjective symptoms
    • &
    • Kaneko, Y., & Omae, K. (1992). Effect of chronic exposure to acrylonitrile on subjective symptoms. The Keio Journal of Medicine, 41, 25 32.
    • (1992) The Keio Journal of Medicine , vol.41 , pp. 25-32
    • Kaneko, Y.1    Omae, K.2
  • 43
    • 0030273120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Refinement and verification of the physiologically based dosimetry description for acrylonitrile in rats
    • &
    • Kedderis, G. L., Teo, S. K., Batra, R., Held, S. D., & Gargas, M. L. (1996). Refinement and verification of the physiologically based dosimetry description for acrylonitrile in rats. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 140, 422 435.
    • (1996) Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology , vol.140 , pp. 422-435
    • Kedderis, G.L.1    Teo, S.K.2    Batra, R.3    Held, S.D.4    Gargas, M.L.5
  • 44
    • 24644449690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer dose-response assessment for acrylonitrile based upon rodent brain tumor incidence: Use of epidemiologic, mechanistic, and pharmacokinetic support for nonlinearity
    • &
    • Kirman, C. R., Gargas, M. L., Marsh, G. M., Strother, D. E., Klaunig, J. E., Collins, J. J., & Deskin, R. (2005). Cancer dose-response assessment for acrylonitrile based upon rodent brain tumor incidence: Use of epidemiologic, mechanistic, and pharmacokinetic support for nonlinearity. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 43, 85 103.
    • (2005) Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology , vol.43 , pp. 85-103
    • Kirman, C.R.1    Gargas, M.L.2    Marsh, G.M.3    Strother, D.E.4    Klaunig, J.E.5    Collins, J.J.6    Deskin, R.7
  • 46
    • 17044433888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurobehavioral effects of occupational exposure to acrylonitrile in Chinese workers
    • &
    • Lu, R., Chen, Z., Jin, F., & Collins, J. J. (2005). Neurobehavioral effects of occupational exposure to acrylonitrile in Chinese workers. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 19, 695 700.
    • (2005) Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology , vol.19 , pp. 695-700
    • Lu, R.1    Chen, Z.2    Jin, F.3    Collins, J.J.4
  • 47
    • 0023740663 scopus 로고
    • Long-term carcinogenicity bioassays on acrylonitile administered by inhalation and by ingestion to Sprague-Dawley rats
    • &
    • Maltoni, C., Ciliberti, A., Cotti, G., & Perino, G. (1988). Long-term carcinogenicity bioassays on acrylonitile administered by inhalation and by ingestion to Sprague-Dawley rats. American New York Academy of Sciences, 534, 179 202.
    • (1988) American New York Academy of Sciences , vol.534 , pp. 179-202
    • Maltoni, C.1    Ciliberti, A.2    Cotti, G.3    Perino, G.4
  • 48
    • 0017586264 scopus 로고
    • Carcinogenicity bioassays on rats of acrylonitrile administered by inhalation and ingestion
    • &
    • Maltoni, C., Ciliberti, A., & Dimaio, V. (1977). Carcinogenicity bioassays on rats of acrylonitrile administered by inhalation and ingestion. La Medicina del Lavoro, 68, 401 411.
    • (1977) La Medicina del Lavoro , vol.68 , pp. 401-411
    • Maltoni, C.1    Ciliberti, A.2    Dimaio, V.3
  • 49
    • 0024206205 scopus 로고
    • Biochemical and developmental effects in rats following in utero exposure to acrylonitrile: A preliminary report
    • &
    • Mehrotra, J., Khanna, V. K., Husain, R., & Seth, P. K. (1988). Biochemical and developmental effects in rats following in utero exposure to acrylonitrile: A preliminary report. Industrial Health, 26, 251 255.
    • (1988) Industrial Health , vol.26 , pp. 251-255
    • Mehrotra, J.1    Khanna, V.K.2    Husain, R.3    Seth, P.K.4
  • 52
    • 0024427226 scopus 로고
    • Effects of cysteine isomers and derivatives on acute acrylonitrile toxicity
    • &
    • Nerland, E. E., Benz, F. W., & Babiuk, C. (1989). Effects of cysteine isomers and derivatives on acute acrylonitrile toxicity. Drug Metabolism Reviews, 20, 233 246.
    • (1989) Drug Metabolism Reviews , vol.20 , pp. 233-246
    • Nerland, E.E.1    Benz, F.W.2    Babiuk, C.3
  • 53
    • 0004158548 scopus 로고
    • Science and judgment in risk assessment
    • NRC. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
    • NRC 1994). Science and judgment in risk assessment. National Research Council. Washington, DC : National Academy Press.
    • (1994) National Research Council.
  • 54
    • 52449097552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acrylonitrile Pathology - Dow Chronic Rat Inhalation Study (1980) Personal communication to Dr. Wil ten Berge, Chairman, CEFIC Acrylonitrile Toxicology Committee, and provided to rapporteur.
    • Quast, J. F. (2001). Acrylonitrile Pathology - Dow Chronic Rat Inhalation Study (1980) Personal communication to Dr. Wil ten Berge, Chairman, CEFIC Acrylonitrile Toxicology Committee, and provided to rapporteur.
    • (2001)
    • Quast, J.F.1
  • 55
    • 0037166696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two-year toxicity and oncogenicity study with acrylonitrile incorporated in the drinking water of rats
    • Quast, J. F. (2002). Two-year toxicity and oncogenicity study with acrylonitrile incorporated in the drinking water of rats. Toxicology Letters, 132 (3 153 196.
    • (2002) Toxicology Letters , vol.132 , Issue.3 , pp. 153-196
    • Quast, J.F.1
  • 57
    • 0034162017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative developmental toxicities of aliphatic nitriles: In vivo and in vitro observations
    • &
    • Saillenfait, A. M., & Sabate, J. P. (2000). Comparative developmental toxicities of aliphatic nitriles: In vivo and in vitro observations. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 163, 149 163.
    • (2000) Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology , vol.163 , pp. 149-163
    • Saillenfait, A.M.1    Sabate, J.P.2
  • 58
    • 0034020053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carcinogenicity and other health effects of acrylonitrile with reference to occupational exposure limit
    • Sakurai, H. (2000). Carcinogenicity and other health effects of acrylonitrile with reference to occupational exposure limit. Industrial Health, 38, 165 180.
    • (2000) Industrial Health , vol.38 , pp. 165-180
    • Sakurai, H.1
  • 59
    • 0343845358 scopus 로고
    • Epidemiological study of health impairment among acrylonitrile workers
    • &
    • Sakurai, H., & Kusumoto, M. (1972). Epidemiological study of health impairment among acrylonitrile workers. Journal of Science and Labor, 48, 273 282.
    • (1972) Journal of Science and Labor , vol.48 , pp. 273-282
    • Sakurai, H.1    Kusumoto, M.2
  • 61
    • 0019826041 scopus 로고
    • The teratogenic effects of dietary cassava on the pregnant albino rat: A preliminary report
    • Singh, J. D. (1981). The teratogenic effects of dietary cassava on the pregnant albino rat: A preliminary report. Teratology, 24, 289 291.
    • (1981) Teratology , vol.24 , pp. 289-291
    • Singh, J.D.1
  • 64
    • 0037253723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiologically based pharmacokinetic model parameter estimation and sensitivity and variability analyses for acrylonitrile disposition in humans
    • &
    • Sweeney, L. M., Gargas, M. L., Strother, D. E., & Kedderis, G. L. (2003). Physiologically based pharmacokinetic model parameter estimation and sensitivity and variability analyses for acrylonitrile disposition in humans. Toxicological Sciences, 71, 27 40.
    • (2003) Toxicological Sciences , vol.71 , pp. 27-40
    • Sweeney, L.M.1    Gargas, M.L.2    Strother, D.E.3    Kedderis, G.L.4
  • 65
    • 0021612320 scopus 로고
    • Subacute and chronic action of acrylonitrile on adrenals and gastrointestinal tract: Biochemical, functional and ultrastructural studies in the rat
    • &
    • Szabo, S., Gallagher, G. T., Silver, E. H., Maull, E. A., & Horner, K. (1984). Subacute and chronic action of acrylonitrile on adrenals and gastrointestinal tract: Biochemical, functional and ultrastructural studies in the rat. Journal of Applied Toxicology, 4, 131 140.
    • (1984) Journal of Applied Toxicology , vol.4 , pp. 131-140
    • Szabo, S.1    Gallagher, G.T.2    Silver, E.H.3    Maull, E.A.4    Horner, K.5
  • 66
    • 0019499134 scopus 로고
    • Long-term and carry-over effect of dietary inorganic cyanide (KCN) in the life cycle performance and metabolism of rats
    • &
    • Tewe, O. O., & Maner, J. H. (1981a). Long-term and carry-over effect of dietary inorganic cyanide (KCN) in the life cycle performance and metabolism of rats. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 58, 1 7.
    • (1981) Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology , vol.58 , pp. 1-7
    • Tewe, O.O.1    Maner, J.H.2
  • 67
    • 0019519982 scopus 로고
    • Performance and pathophysiological changes in pregnant pigs fed cassava diets containing different levels of cyanide
    • &
    • Tewe, O. O., & Maner, J. H. (1981b). Performance and pathophysiological changes in pregnant pigs fed cassava diets containing different levels of cyanide. Research in Veterinary Science, 30, 147 151.
    • (1981) Research in Veterinary Science , vol.30 , pp. 147-151
    • Tewe, O.O.1    Maner, J.H.2
  • 68
    • 0003980480 scopus 로고
    • USEPA. Prepared by the Office of Health and Environment Assessment, Environment Criteria and Assessment Office, Research Traingle Park, NC.
    • USEPA 1983). Health assessment document for acrylonitrile. Prepared by the Office of Health and Environment Assessment, Environment Criteria and Assessment Office, Research Traingle Park, NC.
    • (1983) Health Assessment Document for Acrylonitrile
  • 70
    • 85014169896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Review of the Reference Dose and Reference Concentration Processes
    • USEPA. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA/630/P-02/002A.
    • USEPA 2002). A Review of the Reference Dose and Reference Concentration Processes. External Review Draft. Washington, DC : U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA/630/P-02/002A.
    • (2002) External Review Draft.
  • 72
    • 0036320577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) is essential for acrylonitrile metabolism to cyanide: Comparative studies using CYP2E1-null and wild-type mice
    • &
    • Wang, H., Chanas, B., & Ghanayem, B. I. (2002). Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) is essential for acrylonitrile metabolism to cyanide: Comparative studies using CYP2E1-null and wild-type mice. Drug Metabolism and Disposition, 30 (8 911 917.
    • (2002) Drug Metabolism and Disposition , vol.30 , Issue.8 , pp. 911-917
    • Wang, H.1    Chanas, B.2    Ghanayem, B.I.3
  • 73
    • 85040379892 scopus 로고
    • Acrylonitrile
    • WHO IPCS (International Programme on Chemical Safety) (. No.
    • WHO IPCS (International Programme on Chemical Safety) (1983). Acrylonitrile. Environmental Health Criteria, No. 28.
    • (1983) Environmental Health Criteria , vol.28
  • 74
    • 0020471285 scopus 로고
    • Congenital malformations induced by laetrile
    • Willhite, C. C. (1982). Congenital malformations induced by laetrile. Science, 215, 1513 1515.
    • (1982) Science , vol.215 , pp. 1513-1515
    • Willhite, C.C.1
  • 75
    • 84942385235 scopus 로고
    • Health hazards encountered in the manufacture of synthetic rubber
    • Wilson, R. H. (1944). Health hazards encountered in the manufacture of synthetic rubber. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, 124, 701 703.
    • (1944) JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association , vol.124 , pp. 701-703
    • Wilson, R.H.1
  • 76
    • 0343409417 scopus 로고
    • Medical problems encountered in the manufacture of American-made rubber
    • &
    • Wilson, R. H., Hough, G. V., & McCormick, W. E. (1948). Medical problems encountered in the manufacture of American-made rubber. Industrial Medicine, 17, 199 207.
    • (1948) Industrial Medicine , vol.17 , pp. 199-207
    • Wilson, R.H.1    Hough, G.V.2    McCormick, W.E.3
  • 77
    • 52449119422 scopus 로고
    • Acrylonitrile: Its physiology and toxicology
    • &
    • Wilson, R. H., & McCormick, W. E. (1949). Acrylonitrile: Its physiology and toxicology. Industrial Medicine, 17, 199 207.
    • (1949) Industrial Medicine , vol.17 , pp. 199-207
    • Wilson, R.H.1    McCormick, W.E.2
  • 80
    • 17044456990 scopus 로고
    • Toxicity of nitriles. Results of animal experiments and industrial experiences during 15 years. Zbl. Arbeitsmed
    • &
    • Zeller, H., Hofmann, H. T., Thiess, A. M., & Hey, W. (1969). Toxicity of nitriles. Results of animal experiments and industrial experiences during 15 years. Zbl. Arbeitsmed. Arbeitsschutz, 19, 225 237.
    • (1969) Arbeitsschutz , vol.19 , pp. 225-237
    • Zeller, H.1    Hofmann, H.T.2    Thiess, A.M.3    Hey, W.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.