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This work shows that cell lines with mutant BRAF are hypersensitive to the inhibition of MEK, when compared to either wild-type cells or cells harbouring a RAS mutation - providing another clinically relevant example of oncogene addiction.
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Solit D.B., Garraway L.A., Pratilas C.A., Sawai A., Getz G., Basso A., Ye Q., Lobo J.M., She Y., Osman I., et al. BRAF mutation predicts sensitivity to MEK inhibition. Nature 439 (2006) 358-362. This work shows that cell lines with mutant BRAF are hypersensitive to the inhibition of MEK, when compared to either wild-type cells or cells harbouring a RAS mutation - providing another clinically relevant example of oncogene addiction.
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Nature
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34250823572
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Pharmacologic characterization of a potent inhibitor of class I phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases
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This work provides detailed characterisation of the pharmacological and therapeutic activity of a class I PI3 kinase inhibitor and illustrates the potential of this approach.
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Raynaud F.I., Eccles S., Clarke P.A., Hayes A., Nutley B., Alix S., Henley A., Di-Stefano F., Ahmad Z., Guillard S., et al. Pharmacologic characterization of a potent inhibitor of class I phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases. Cancer Res 67 (2007) 5840-5850. This work provides detailed characterisation of the pharmacological and therapeutic activity of a class I PI3 kinase inhibitor and illustrates the potential of this approach.
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Targeting the DNA repair defect in BRCA mutant cells as a therapeutic strategy
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Together with Ref. [18••], this work demonstrates that BRCA1 or BRCA2 dysfunction unexpectedly and profoundly sensitises cells to the inhibition of PARP, resulting in chromosomal instability, cell cycle arrest and subsequent apoptosis - thus providing proof of concept for clinically exploitable synthetic lethality.
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Farmer H., McCabe N., Lord C.J., Tutt A.N., Johnson D.A., Richardson T.B., Santarosa M., Dillon K.J., Hickson I., Knights C., et al. Targeting the DNA repair defect in BRCA mutant cells as a therapeutic strategy. Nature 434 (2005) 917-921. Together with Ref. [18••], this work demonstrates that BRCA1 or BRCA2 dysfunction unexpectedly and profoundly sensitises cells to the inhibition of PARP, resulting in chromosomal instability, cell cycle arrest and subsequent apoptosis - thus providing proof of concept for clinically exploitable synthetic lethality.
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Nature
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See annotation to Ref. [17••].
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Bryant H.E., Schultz N., Thomas H.D., Parker K.M., Flower D., Lopez E., Kyle S., Meuth M., Curtin N.J., and Helleday T. Specific killing of BRCA2-deficient tumors with inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. Nature 434 (2005) 913-917. See annotation to Ref. [17••].
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Profiling essential genes in human mammary cells by multiplex RNAi screening
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Together with Ref. [20••], this work demonstrates the use of high-throughput RNA interference screening to identify non-oncogenes that are preferentially required by cancer versus normal cells - suggesting a range of new targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Science
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20
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38849098442
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Cancer proliferation gene discovery through functional genomics
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See annotation to Ref. [19••].
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Schlabach M.R., Luo J., Solimini N.L., Hu G., Xu Q., Li M.Z., Zhao Z., Smogorzewska A., Sowa M.E., Ang X.L., et al. Cancer proliferation gene discovery through functional genomics. Science 319 (2008) 620-624. See annotation to Ref. [19••].
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21
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34249912909
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Drugging the cancer genome: new challenges of infrequent and combinatorial targets
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This commentary provides a perspective on the discovery (see Refs. [4,5]) that individual human cancers contain surprisingly large numbers of 'driver' mutations and that many cancer genes are mutated relatively rarely overall - also emphasises the need for combinatorial therapies and the importance of a systems approach to understand and treat cancer.
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Workman P. Drugging the cancer genome: new challenges of infrequent and combinatorial targets. Curr Opin Invest Drugs 8 (2007) 445-446. This commentary provides a perspective on the discovery (see Refs. [4,5]) that individual human cancers contain surprisingly large numbers of 'driver' mutations and that many cancer genes are mutated relatively rarely overall - also emphasises the need for combinatorial therapies and the importance of a systems approach to understand and treat cancer.
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Curr Opin Invest Drugs
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Workman, P.1
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22
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47949114668
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Detection of mutations in EGFR in circulating lung-cancer cells
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[EPub ahead of print]. This study emphasizes the potential of circulating tumour cells to provide an easily accessible means to perform molecular analysis and determine response to drugs.
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Maheswaran S., Sequist L.V., Nagrath S., Ulkus L., Brannigan B., Collura C.V., Inserra E., Diederichs S., Iafrate A.J., Bell D.W., et al. Detection of mutations in EGFR in circulating lung-cancer cells. N Engl J Med (2008) [EPub ahead of print]. This study emphasizes the potential of circulating tumour cells to provide an easily accessible means to perform molecular analysis and determine response to drugs.
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(2008)
N Engl J Med
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Maheswaran, S.1
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23
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Reya T., Morrison S.J., Clarke M.F., and Weissman I.L. Stem cells, cancer, and cancer stem cells. Nature 414 (2001) 105-111
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24
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33646457229
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Minimally invasive pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic technologies in hypothesis-testing clinical trials of innovative therapies
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Cancer Research UK Pharmacodynamic/Pharmacokinetic Technologies Advisory Committee. This is a review, based on UK experience, focussing on the use of molecular and functional imaging methods in the context of early clinical trials - together with recommendations for the future.
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Workman P., Aboagye E.O., Chung Y.L., Griffiths J.R., Hart R., Leach M.O., Maxwell R.J., McSheehy P.M., Price P.M., Zweit J., and Cancer Research UK Pharmacodynamic/Pharmacokinetic Technologies Advisory Committee. Minimally invasive pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic technologies in hypothesis-testing clinical trials of innovative therapies. J Natl Cancer Inst 98 (2006) 580-598. This is a review, based on UK experience, focussing on the use of molecular and functional imaging methods in the context of early clinical trials - together with recommendations for the future.
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J Natl Cancer Inst
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Workman, P.1
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