메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 4, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 169-197

Predicting language learners’ grades in the L1, L2, L3 and L4: The effect of some psychological and sociocognitive variables

Author keywords

Extraversion; Foreign language anxiety; Language grades; Neuroticism; Psychoticism

Indexed keywords


EID: 51249153102     PISSN: 14790718     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2167/ijm080.0     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (55)

References (68)
  • 1
    • 84979403309 scopus 로고
    • Examination of Horwitz, Horwitz and Cope's construct of foreign language anxiety: The case of students of Japanese
    • Aida, Y., 1994. Examination of Horwitz, Horwitz and Cope's construct of foreign language anxiety:The case of students of Japanese. The Modern Language Journal, 78:155–168.
    • (1994) The Modern Language Journal , vol.78 , pp. 155-168
    • Aida, Y.1
  • 4
    • 0034418452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of gender and immersion in communication and second language orientations
    • Baker, S. C., and MacIntyre, P. D., 2000. The role of gender and immersion in communication and second language orientations. Language Learning, 50 (2):311–341.
    • (2000) Language Learning , vol.50 , Issue.2 , pp. 311-341
    • Baker, S.C.1    MacIntyre, P.D.2
  • 5
    • 84979448712 scopus 로고
    • Introversion-extraversion and the EFL proficiency of Japanese students
    • Busch, D., 1982. Introversion-extraversion and the EFL proficiency of Japanese students. Language Learning, 32 (1):109–132.
    • (1982) Language Learning , vol.32 , Issue.1 , pp. 109-132
    • Busch, D.1
  • 6
    • 0030548044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Personality types and language learning in an EFL context
    • Carell, P., Prince, M., and Astika, G., 1996. Personality types and language learning in an EFL context. Language Learning, 46 (1):75–99.
    • (1996) Language Learning , vol.46 , Issue.1 , pp. 75-99
    • Carell, P.1    Prince, M.2    Astika, G.3
  • 8
    • 84979378319 scopus 로고
    • Affective and ability factors in second language acquisition
    • Chastain, K., 1975. Affective and ability factors in second language acquisition. Language Learning, 25 (1):153–161.
    • (1975) Language Learning , vol.25 , Issue.1 , pp. 153-161
    • Chastain, K.1
  • 9
    • 0002769508 scopus 로고
    • Personality as a lifelong determinant of well-being
    • Malatesta C., Izard C., (eds), Beverley Hills, CA: Sage
    • Costa, P., and McCrae, R. R., 1984. “ Personality as a lifelong determinant of well-being. ”. In Affective Processes in Adult Development and Aging, Edited by:Malatesta, C., and Izard, C., 141–157Beverley Hills, CA:Sage.
    • (1984) Affective Processes in Adult Development and Aging , pp. 141-157
    • Costa, P.1    McCrae, R.R.2
  • 12
    • 77949370870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychological and sociodemographic correlates of communicative anxiety in L2 and L3 production
    • Dewaele, J-M., 2002a. Psychological and sociodemographic correlates of communicative anxiety in L2 and L3 production. The International Journal of Bilingualism, 6:23–39.
    • (2002) The International Journal of Bilingualism , vol.6 , pp. 23-39
    • Dewaele, J.-M.1
  • 13
    • 8644231422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual differences in L2 fluency: The effect of neurobiological correlates
    • Cook V., (ed), Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
    • Dewaele, J-M., 2002b. “ Individual differences in L2 fluency:The effect of neurobiological correlates ”. In Portraits of the L2 user, Edited by:Cook, V., 219–250. Clevedon:Multilingual Matters.
    • (2002) Portraits of the L2 user , pp. 219-250
    • Dewaele, J.-M.1
  • 14
    • 34247656540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sociodemographic, psychological and politico-cultural correlates in Flemish students' attitudes toward French and English
    • Dewaele, J-M., 2005a. Sociodemographic, psychological and politico-cultural correlates in Flemish students' attitudes toward French and English. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 26 (2):118–137.
    • (2005) Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development , vol.26 , Issue.2 , pp. 118-137
    • Dewaele, J.-M.1
  • 15
    • 27944494308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigating the psychological and the emotional dimensions in instructed language learning: Obstacles and possibilities
    • Dewaele, J-M., 2005b. Investigating the psychological and the emotional dimensions in instructed language learning:Obstacles and possibilities. Modern Language Journal, 89 (3):367–380.
    • (2005) Modern Language Journal , vol.89 , Issue.3 , pp. 367-380
    • Dewaele, J.-M.1
  • 16
    • 0033454179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extraversion: The unloved variable in applied linguistic research
    • Dewaele, J-M., and Furnham, A., 1999. Extraversion:The unloved variable in applied linguistic research. Language Learning, 49:509–544.
    • (1999) Language Learning , vol.49 , pp. 509-544
    • Dewaele, J.-M.1    Furnham, A.2
  • 17
    • 0034135065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Personality and speech production: A pilot study of second language learners
    • Dewaele, J-M., and Furnham, A., 2000. Personality and speech production:A pilot study of second language learners. Personality and Individual Differences, 28:355–365.
    • (2000) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.28 , pp. 355-365
    • Dewaele, J.-M.1    Furnham, A.2
  • 18
    • 85024574220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of trait emotional intelligence and sociobiographical variables on communicative anxiety among adult polyglots
    • to appear
    • Dewaele, J-M., Petrides, K. V., and Furnham, A., The effect of trait emotional intelligence and sociobiographical variables on communicative anxiety among adult polyglots. Language Learning, to appear
    • Language Learning
    • Dewaele, J.-M.1    Petrides, K.V.2    Furnham, A.3
  • 20
    • 43249157869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual differences in second language acquisition
    • Dö rnyei, Z., 2006. Individual differences in second language acquisition. AILA Review, 19:42–68.
    • (2006) AILA Review , vol.19 , pp. 42-68
    • Dö rnyei, Z.1
  • 21
    • 84955336792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual differences in second language learning
    • Doughty C.J., Long M.H., (eds), Oxford: Blackwell
    • Dörnyei, Z., and Skehan, P., 2003. “ Individual differences in second language learning ”. In The Handbook of Second Language Acquisition, Edited by:Doughty, C. J., and Long, M. H., 589–630. Oxford:Blackwell.
    • (2003) The Handbook of Second Language Acquisition , pp. 589-630
    • Dörnyei, Z.1    Skehan, P.2
  • 22
    • 85024550664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Auto-estima e aprendizagem de linguas estrangeiras ‘Self-esteem and foreign language learning’
    • Dourado, M. R., and Sperb, L. W., 2002. Auto-estima e aprendizagem de linguas estrangeiras ‘Self-esteem and foreign language learning’. Trabalhos em Linguistica Aplicada, 39:81–94.
    • (2002) Trabalhos em Linguistica Aplicada , vol.39 , pp. 81-94
    • Dourado, M.R.1    Sperb, L.W.2
  • 27
    • 0034258751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Examining the factor structure and differential functioning of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised—Abbreviated
    • Forrest, S., Lewis, C. A., and Shevlin, M., 2000. Examining the factor structure and differential functioning of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised—Abbreviated. Personality and Individual Differences, 29:579–588.
    • (2000) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.29 , pp. 579-588
    • Forrest, S.1    Lewis, C.A.2    Shevlin, M.3
  • 29
    • 33845304465 scopus 로고
    • Personality correlates of academic seminar behavior: A study of four instruments
    • Furnham, A., and Medhurst, S., 1995. Personality correlates of academic seminar behavior:A study of four instruments. Personality and Individual Differences, 19:197–208.
    • (1995) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.19 , pp. 197-208
    • Furnham, A.1    Medhurst, S.2
  • 30
    • 85055308057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The socio-educational model of Second Language Acquisition: A research paradigm
    • Gardner, R. C., 2006. The socio-educational model of Second Language Acquisition:A research paradigm. EUROSLA Yearbook, 6:237–260.
    • (2006) EUROSLA Yearbook , vol.6 , pp. 237-260
    • Gardner, R.C.1
  • 31
    • 84971847900 scopus 로고
    • A student's contribution to Second Language Learning: Part I, Cognitive Factors
    • Gardner, R. C., and MacIntyre, P. D., 1992. A student's contribution to Second Language Learning:Part I, Cognitive Factors. Language Teaching, 25:211–220.
    • (1992) Language Teaching , vol.25 , pp. 211-220
    • Gardner, R.C.1    MacIntyre, P.D.2
  • 32
    • 0039106979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specificity of affective variables and the Trait/State conceptualization of motivation in second language acquisition
    • Agnihotri R., Khanna A.L., Sachdev I., (eds), New Delhi: Sage
    • Gardner, R. C., and Tremblay, P. F., 1998. “ Specificity of affective variables and the Trait/State conceptualization of motivation in second language acquisition ”. In Social Psychological Perspectives on Second Language Learning, Edited by:Agnihotri, R., Khanna, A. L., and Sachdev, I., 31–52. New Delhi:Sage.
    • (1998) Social Psychological Perspectives on Second Language Learning , pp. 31-52
    • Gardner, R.C.1    Tremblay, P.F.2
  • 33
    • 4243066701 scopus 로고
    • Chaos
    • New York: Penguin Books
    • Gleick, J., 1987. “ Chaos ”. In Making a New Science, New York:Penguin Books.
    • (1987) Making a New Science
    • Gleick, J.1
  • 34
    • 33748347353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender, academic majors and vocabulary learning strategies of Chinese EFL learners
    • Gu, Y., 2002. Gender, academic majors and vocabulary learning strategies of Chinese EFL learners. RELC Journal, 33:35–54.
    • (2002) RELC Journal , vol.33 , pp. 35-54
    • Gu, Y.1
  • 36
    • 79955693501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Le francais et l'anglais dans les écoles secondaires flamandes: Langues étrangeres ou langues secondes?
    • Defays J.-M., Delcominette B., Dumortier L., Lous V., (eds), Cortil-Wodon: Editions Modulaires Européennes
    • Housen, A., Janssens, S., and Pierrard, M., 2004. “ Le francais et l'anglais dans les écoles secondaires flamandes:langues étrangeres ou langues secondes? ”. In L'enseignement du Français aux non Francophones:Les poids des situations et de politiques linguistiques, Edited by:Defays, J-M., Delcominette, B., Dumortier, L., and Lous, V., Cortil-Wodon:Editions Modulaires Européennes.
    • (2004) L'enseignement du Français aux non Francophones: Les poids des situations et de politiques linguistiques
    • Housen, A.1    Janssens, S.2    Pierrard, M.3
  • 39
    • 27944481411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alice doesn't live here anymore: Foreign language learning and renegotiated identity
    • Pavlenko A., Blackledge A., (eds), Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
    • Kinginger, C., 2004. “ Alice doesn't live here anymore:Foreign language learning and renegotiated identity ”. In Negotiation of Identities in Multilingual Contexts, Edited by:Pavlenko, A., and Blackledge, A., 219–242. Clevedon:Multilingual Matters.
    • (2004) Negotiation of Identities in Multilingual Contexts , pp. 219-242
    • Kinginger, C.1
  • 41
    • 0037814438 scopus 로고
    • Investigating a causal model of second language acquisition: Where does personality fit?
    • Lalonde, R. N., and Gardner, R. C., 1984. Investigating a causal model of second language acquisition:Where does personality fit?. Canadian Journal of Behavioral Science, 16:224–288.
    • (1984) Canadian Journal of Behavioral Science , vol.16 , pp. 224-288
    • Lalonde, R.N.1    Gardner, R.C.2
  • 42
    • 2442468142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three languages and three linguistic models in the Basque educational system
    • Cenoz J., Jessner U., (eds), Clevedon: Multilingual Matters
    • Lasagabaster, D., 2000. “ Three languages and three linguistic models in the Basque educational system ”. In English in Europe:The Acquisition of a Third Language, Edited by:Cenoz, J., and Jessner, U., 179–197. Clevedon:Multilingual Matters.
    • (2000) English in Europe: The Acquisition of a Third Language , pp. 179-197
    • Lasagabaster, D.1
  • 43
    • 34248705887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bearing multilingual parameters in mind when designing a questionnaire on attitudes: Does this affect the results?
    • Lasagabaster, D., 2005. Bearing multilingual parameters in mind when designing a questionnaire on attitudes:Does this affect the results?. International Journal of Multilingualism, 2:26–51.
    • (2005) International Journal of Multilingualism , vol.2 , pp. 26-51
    • Lasagabaster, D.1
  • 44
    • 85019488382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Les attitudes linguistiques: Un état des lieux
    • Lasagabaster, D., 2006. Les attitudes linguistiques:un état des lieux. Etudes de Linguistique Appliquée, 144:393–406.
    • (2006) Etudes de Linguistique Appliquée , vol.144 , pp. 393-406
    • Lasagabaster, D.1
  • 47
    • 60949651083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attitüden zu Fremdsprachen und zum Fremdsprachenlernen ‘Attitudes towards foreign language and foreign language learning’
    • Börner W., Vogel K., (eds), Tübingen: Narr
    • Lochtman, K., and Lutjeharms, M., 2004. “ Attitüden zu Fremdsprachen und zum Fremdsprachenlernen ‘Attitudes towards foreign language and foreign language learning’ ”. In Emotion und Kognition, Edited by:Börner, W., and Vogel, K., 173–189Tübingen:Narr.
    • (2004) Emotion und Kognition , pp. 173-189
    • Lochtman, K.1    Lutjeharms, M.2
  • 49
    • 0030522496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Personality, attitudes, and affect as predictors of second language communication
    • MacIntyre, P. D., and Charos, C., 1996. Personality, attitudes, and affect as predictors of second language communication. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 15:3–26.
    • (1996) Journal of Language and Social Psychology , vol.15 , pp. 3-26
    • MacIntyre, P.D.1    Charos, C.2
  • 50
    • 84930565051 scopus 로고
    • Investigating language class anxiety using the focused essay technique
    • MacIntyre, P. D., and Gardner, R. C., 1991. Investigating language class anxiety using the focused essay technique. The Modern Language Journal, 75:296–304.
    • (1991) The Modern Language Journal , vol.75 , pp. 296-304
    • MacIntyre, P.D.1    Gardner, R.C.2
  • 51
    • 84994941569 scopus 로고
    • The subtle effects of language anxiety on cognitive processing in the second language
    • MacIntyre, P. D., and Gardner, R. C., 1994. The subtle effects of language anxiety on cognitive processing in the second language. Language Learning, 44:283–305.
    • (1994) Language Learning , vol.44 , pp. 283-305
    • MacIntyre, P.D.1    Gardner, R.C.2
  • 52
    • 0000421674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conceptualizing willingness to communicate in a L2: A situational model of L2 confidence and affiliation
    • MacIntyre, P. D., Clément, R., Dörnyei, Z., and Noels, K. A., 1998. Conceptualizing willingness to communicate in a L2:A situational model of L2 confidence and affiliation. Modern Language Journal, 82:545–562.
    • (1998) Modern Language Journal , vol.82 , pp. 545-562
    • MacIntyre, P.D.1    Clément, R.2    Dörnyei, Z.3    Noels, K.A.4
  • 53
    • 85127254804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Affective variables, attitude and personality in context
    • Ayoun D., (ed), Amsterdam: Benjamins
    • MacIntyre, P. D., Clément, R., and Noels, K. A., 2007. “ Affective variables, attitude and personality in context ”. In French Applied Linguistics, Edited by:Ayoun, D., 270–298. Amsterdam:Benjamins.
    • (2007) French Applied Linguistics , pp. 270-298
    • MacIntyre, P.D.1    Clément, R.2    Noels, K.A.3
  • 58
    • 85050838613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The stability of general foreign language classroom anxiety across English and French
    • Rodriguez, M., and Abreu, O., 2003. The stability of general foreign language classroom anxiety across English and French. Modern Language Journal, 87:365–374.
    • (2003) Modern Language Journal , vol.87 , pp. 365-374
    • Rodriguez, M.1    Abreu, O.2
  • 60
    • 0039513028 scopus 로고
    • Underachievers and overachievers in intermediate French
    • Smart, J. C., Elton, C. F., and Burnett, C. W., 1970. Underachievers and overachievers in intermediate French. Modern Language Journal, 54:415–420.
    • (1970) Modern Language Journal , vol.54 , pp. 415-420
    • Smart, J.C.1    Elton, C.F.2    Burnett, C.W.3
  • 62
    • 85127424209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The theory of successful intelligence and its implications for language aptitude testing
    • Robinson P., (ed), Amsterdam: Benjamins
    • Sternberg, R. J., 2002. “ The theory of successful intelligence and its implications for language aptitude testing ”. In Individual Differences and Instructed Language Learning, Edited by:Robinson, P., 13–43. Amsterdam:Benjamins.
    • (2002) Individual Differences and Instructed Language Learning , pp. 13-43
    • Sternberg, R.J.1
  • 63
    • 0039513020 scopus 로고
    • Personality characteristics and second language learning in young children
    • Swain, M., and Burnaby, B., 1976. Personality characteristics and second language learning in young children. Working Papers on Bilingualism, 11:115–128.
    • (1976) Working Papers on Bilingualism , vol.11 , pp. 115-128
    • Swain, M.1    Burnaby, B.2
  • 66
    • 79955684131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Le français en Flandre
    • Blampain D., Goosse A., J-Klinkenberg M.J.M., Wilmet M., (eds), Louvain-la-Neuve: Duculot
    • Willems, D., 1997. “ Le français en Flandre ”. In Le francais en Belgique:une langue, une communauté, Edited by:Blampain, D., Goosse, A., J-Klinkenberg, M. J-M., and Wilmet, M., 261–272. Louvain-la-Neuve:Duculot.
    • (1997) Le francais en Belgique: Une langue, une communauté , pp. 261-272
    • Willems, D.1
  • 67
    • 0015042087 scopus 로고
    • Relationship of class participation to personality, ability, and achievement variables
    • Williams, R. L., 1971. Relationship of class participation to personality, ability, and achievement variables. Journal of Social Psychology, 83 (2):193–198.
    • (1971) Journal of Social Psychology , vol.83 , Issue.2 , pp. 193-198
    • Williams, R.L.1
  • 68
    • 39749115814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anxiety and speaking English as a second language
    • Woodrow, L., 2006. Anxiety and speaking English as a second language. RELC Journal, 37 (3):308–328.
    • (2006) RELC Journal , vol.37 , Issue.3 , pp. 308-328
    • Woodrow, L.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.