메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 9, Issue 12, 2008, Pages 2027-2038

Incomplete remission and treatment resistance in first-episode psychosis: Definition, prevalence and predictors

Author keywords

Definition; Incomplete remission; Predictors; Psychosis; Treatment resistance

Indexed keywords

CARBAMAZEPINE; HALOPERIDOL; IMIPRAMINE; LITHIUM; NEUROLEPTIC AGENT; TRANQUILIZER; VALPROIC ACID;

EID: 50949122430     PISSN: 14656566     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1517/14656566.9.12.2027     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (41)

References (125)
  • 1
    • 47649118430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The First-episode Psychosis Outcome Study: Premorbid and baseline characteristics of an epidemiological cohort of 661 first-episode psychosis patients
    • Conus P, Cotton S, Schimmelmann BG, et al. The First-episode Psychosis Outcome Study: premorbid and baseline characteristics of an epidemiological cohort of 661 first-episode psychosis patients. Early Intervent Psychiatry 2007;1:191-200
    • (2007) Early Intervent Psychiatry , vol.1 , pp. 191-200
    • Conus, P.1    Cotton, S.2    Schimmelmann, B.G.3
  • 2
    • 27544465878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic stability 18 months after treatment initiation for first-episode psychosis
    • Schimmelmann BG, Conus P, Edwards J, et al. Diagnostic stability 18 months after treatment initiation for first-episode psychosis. J Clin Psychiatry 2005;66(10):1239-46
    • (2005) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.66 , Issue.10 , pp. 1239-1246
    • Schimmelmann, B.G.1    Conus, P.2    Edwards, J.3
  • 3
    • 14844334624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Remission in schizophrenia proposed criteria and rationale for consensus
    • Andreasen NC, Carpenter WT Jr, Kane JM, et al. Remission in schizophrenia proposed criteria and rationale for consensus. Am J Psychiatry 2005;162(3):441-9
    • (2005) Am J Psychiatry , vol.162 , Issue.3 , pp. 441-449
    • Andreasen, N.C.1    Carpenter Jr, W.T.2    Kane, J.M.3
  • 4
    • 50949086593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of incomplete remission and treatment resistance in first-episode psychosis
    • Lambert M, Naber D, Huber CG. Management of incomplete remission and treatment resistance in first-episode psychosis. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2008;9(12):2039-51
    • (2008) Expert Opin Pharmacother , vol.9 , Issue.12 , pp. 2039-2051
    • Lambert, M.1    Naber, D.2    Huber, C.G.3
  • 5
    • 0023812652 scopus 로고
    • Clozapine for the treatment-resistant schizophrenic. A double-blind comparison with chlorpromazine
    • Kane J, Honigfeld G, Singer J, Meltzer H. Clozapine for the treatment-resistant schizophrenic. A double-blind comparison with chlorpromazine. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1988;45(9):789-96
    • (1988) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.45 , Issue.9 , pp. 789-796
    • Kane, J.1    Honigfeld, G.2    Singer, J.3    Meltzer, H.4
  • 6
    • 0032908294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of treatment response from a first episode of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder
    • Robinson DG, Woerner MG, Alvir JM, et al. Predictors of treatment response from a first episode of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Am J Psychiatry 1999;156(4):544-9
    • (1999) Am J Psychiatry , vol.156 , Issue.4 , pp. 544-549
    • Robinson, D.G.1    Woerner, M.G.2    Alvir, J.M.3
  • 7
    • 3042704513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current issues in schizophrenia: Ovcrview of patient acceptability, functioning capacity and quality of life
    • discussion 41-3
    • Lambert M, Naber D. Current issues in schizophrenia: ovcrview of patient acceptability, functioning capacity and quality of life. CNS Drugs 2004;18 (Suppl 2):5-17; discussion 41-3
    • (2004) CNS Drugs , vol.18 , Issue.SUPPL. 2 , pp. 5-17
    • Lambert, M.1    Naber, D.2
  • 8
    • 0029946719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 receptor occupancy with low-dose haloperidol treatment: A PET study
    • 2 receptor occupancy with low-dose haloperidol treatment: a PET study. Am J Psychiatry 1996;153(7):948-50
    • (1996) Am J Psychiatry , vol.153 , Issue.7 , pp. 948-950
    • Kapur, S.1    Remington, G.2    Jones, C.3
  • 9
    • 0032706829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Six-month clinical status as a predictor of 24-month clinical outcome in first-admission patients with schizophrenia
    • Craig T, Fennig S, Tanenberg-Karant M, Bromet EJ. Six-month clinical status as a predictor of 24-month clinical outcome in first-admission patients with schizophrenia. Ann Clin Psychiatry 1999;11(4):197-203
    • (1999) Ann Clin Psychiatry , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. 197-203
    • Craig, T.1    Fennig, S.2    Tanenberg-Karant, M.3    Bromet, E.J.4
  • 10
    • 50949104985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Results of First-Episode Psychosis Outcome Study (FEPOS) and resulting treatment recommendations
    • In press
    • Lambert M, Conus P, Klosterkötter J, et al. Results of First-Episode Psychosis Outcome Study (FEPOS) and resulting treatment recommendations. Nervenarzt In press
    • Nervenarzt
    • Lambert, M.1    Conus, P.2    Klosterkötter, J.3
  • 11
    • 3142671354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Schizoafftctive disorder: Clinical aspects, differential diagnosis, and treatment
    • Marneros A. Schizoafftctive disorder: clinical aspects, differential diagnosis, and treatment. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2003;5(3):202-5
    • (2003) Curr Psychiatry Rep , vol.5 , Issue.3 , pp. 202-205
    • Marneros, A.1
  • 13
    • 0033017831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolving definition of treatment resistance
    • Peuskens J. The evolving definition of treatment resistance. J Clin Psychiatry 1999;60(Suppl 12):4-8
    • (1999) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.60 , Issue.SUPPL. 12 , pp. 4-8
    • Peuskens, J.1
  • 14
    • 0038613107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Managing patients with 'treatment-resistant' schizophrenia
    • Pantelis C, Lambert TJ. Managing patients with 'treatment-resistant' schizophrenia. Med J Aust 2003;178(Suppl):S62-6
    • (2003) Med J Aust , vol.178 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Pantelis, C.1    Lambert, T.J.2
  • 15
    • 0029974646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment-resistant bipolar depression
    • Sachs GS. Treatment-resistant bipolar depression. Psychiatr Clin N Am 1996;19(2):215-36
    • (1996) Psychiatr Clin N Am , vol.19 , Issue.2 , pp. 215-236
    • Sachs, G.S.1
  • 16
    • 0034934926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The definition and meaning of treatment-resistant depression
    • Sackeim HA. The definition and meaning of treatment-resistant depression. J Clin Psychiatry 2001;62(Suppl 16):10-7
    • (2001) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.62 , Issue.SUPPL. 16 , pp. 10-17
    • Sackeim, H.A.1
  • 17
    • 29444447906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term remission and recovery in bipolar disorder: A review
    • Goldberg JF, Garno JI, Harrow M. Long-term remission and recovery in bipolar disorder: a review. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2005;7(6):456-61
    • (2005) Curr Psychiatry Rep , vol.7 , Issue.6 , pp. 456-461
    • Goldberg, J.F.1    Garno, J.I.2    Harrow, M.3
  • 18
    • 0035099016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment-resistant bipolar disorder
    • Gitlin MJ. Treatment-resistant bipolar disorder. Bull Menninger Clin 2001;65(1):26-40
    • (2001) Bull Menninger Clin , vol.65 , Issue.1 , pp. 26-40
    • Gitlin, M.J.1
  • 19
    • 33644635136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment-resistant bipolar disorder
    • Gitlin M. Treatment-resistant bipolar disorder. Mol Psychiatry 2006;11(3):227-40
    • (2006) Mol Psychiatry , vol.11 , Issue.3 , pp. 227-240
    • Gitlin, M.1
  • 20
    • 27944501131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors associated with chronic depressive episodes: A preliminary report from the STAR-D project
    • Gilmer WS, Trivedi MH, Rush AJ, et al. Factors associated with chronic depressive episodes: a preliminary report from the STAR-D project. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2005;112(6):425-33
    • (2005) Acta Psychiatr Scand , vol.112 , Issue.6 , pp. 425-433
    • Gilmer, W.S.1    Trivedi, M.H.2    Rush, A.J.3
  • 21
    • 25644434891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment-resistant depression: Resistant to definition?
    • Malhi GS, Parker GB, Crawford J, et al. Treatment-resistant depression: resistant to definition? Acta Psychiatr Scand 2005;112(4):302-9
    • (2005) Acta Psychiatr Scand , vol.112 , Issue.4 , pp. 302-309
    • Malhi, G.S.1    Parker, G.B.2    Crawford, J.3
  • 23
    • 0032970133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment resistant depression: Methodological overview and operational criteria
    • Souery D, Amsterdam J, De Montigny C, et al. Treatment resistant depression: methodological overview and operational criteria. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 1999;9(1/2):83-91
    • (1999) Eur Neuropsychopharmacol , vol.9 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 83-91
    • Souery, D.1    Amsterdam, J.2    De Montigny, C.3
  • 24
    • 0038147546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis and definition of treatment-resistant depression
    • Fava M. Diagnosis and definition of treatment-resistant depression. Biol Psychiatry 2003;53(8):649-59
    • (2003) Biol Psychiatry , vol.53 , Issue.8 , pp. 649-659
    • Fava, M.1
  • 25
    • 34248381347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Definition, assessment, and staging of treatment-resistant refractory major depression: A review of current concepts and methods
    • Berlim MT, Turecki G. Definition, assessment, and staging of treatment-resistant refractory major depression: a review of current concepts and methods. Can J Psychiatry 2007;52(1):46-54
    • (2007) Can J Psychiatry , vol.52 , Issue.1 , pp. 46-54
    • Berlim, M.T.1    Turecki, G.2
  • 27
    • 0026755250 scopus 로고
    • The natural course of schizophrepnia: A review of first-admission studies
    • Ram R, Bromet EJ, Eaton WW, et al. The natural course of schizophrepnia: a review of first-admission studies. Schizophr Bull 1992;18(2):185-207
    • (1992) Schizophr Bull , vol.18 , Issue.2 , pp. 185-207
    • Ram, R.1    Bromet, E.J.2    Eaton, W.W.3
  • 28
    • 0028022630 scopus 로고
    • One hundred years of schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of the outcome literature
    • Hegarty JD, Baldessarini RJ, Tohen M, et al. One hundred years of schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of the outcome literature. Am J Psychiatry 1994;151(10):1409-16
    • (1994) Am J Psychiatry , vol.151 , Issue.10 , pp. 1409-1416
    • Hegarty, J.D.1    Baldessarini, R.J.2    Tohen, M.3
  • 29
    • 26244436627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of olanzapine and risperidone in 367 first-episode patients with non-affective or affective psychosis: Results of an open retrospective medical record study
    • Lambert M, Conus P, Schimmelmann BG, et al. Comparison of olanzapine and risperidone in 367 first-episode patients with non-affective or affective psychosis: results of an open retrospective medical record study. Pharmacopsychiatry 2005;38(5):206-13
    • (2005) Pharmacopsychiatry , vol.38 , Issue.5 , pp. 206-213
    • Lambert, M.1    Conus, P.2    Schimmelmann, B.G.3
  • 30
    • 0026788261 scopus 로고
    • Duration of psychosis and outcome in first-episode schizophrenia
    • Locbel AD, Lieberman JA, Alvir JM, et al. Duration of psychosis and outcome in first-episode schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 1992;149(9):1183-8
    • (1992) Am J Psychiatry , vol.149 , Issue.9 , pp. 1183-1188
    • Locbel, A.D.1    Lieberman, J.A.2    Alvir, J.M.3
  • 31
    • 0027235574 scopus 로고
    • Time course and biologic correlates of treatment response in first-episode schizophrenia
    • Lieberman J, Jody D, Geisler S, et al. Time course and biologic correlates of treatment response in first-episode schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1993;50(5):369-76
    • (1993) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.50 , Issue.5 , pp. 369-376
    • Lieberman, J.1    Jody, D.2    Geisler, S.3
  • 32
    • 85044517221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prolonged recovery in first-episodepsychosis
    • Edwards J, Maude D, McGorry PD, et al. Prolonged recovery in first-episodepsychosis. Br J Psychiatry Suppl 1998;172(33):107-16
    • (1998) Br J Psychiatry Suppl , vol.172 , Issue.33 , pp. 107-116
    • Edwards, J.1    Maude, D.2    McGorry, P.D.3
  • 33
    • 27744435851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistent psychoses in first episode patients
    • Manchanda R, Norman RM, Malla AK, et al. Persistent psychoses in first episode patients. Schizophr Res 2005;80(1):113-6
    • (2005) Schizophr Res , vol.80 , Issue.1 , pp. 113-116
    • Manchanda, R.1    Norman, R.M.2    Malla, A.K.3
  • 34
    • 0031950935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural course of schizophrenic disorders: A 15-year followup of a Dutch incidence cohort
    • Wiersma D, Nienhuis FJ, Slooff CJ, Giel R. Natural course of schizophrenic disorders: a 15-year followup of a Dutch incidence cohort. Schizophr Bull 1998;24(1):75-85
    • (1998) Schizophr Bull , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 75-85
    • Wiersma, D.1    Nienhuis, F.J.2    Slooff, C.J.3    Giel, R.4
  • 35
    • 0035003730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recovery from psychotic illness: A 15- and 25-year international follow-up study
    • Harrison G, Hopper K, Craig T, et al. Recovery from psychotic illness: a 15- and 25-year international follow-up study. Br J Psychiatry 2001;178:506-17
    • (2001) Br J Psychiatry , vol.178 , pp. 506-517
    • Harrison, G.1    Hopper, K.2    Craig, T.3
  • 36
    • 1542313966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Symptomatic and functional recovery from a first episode of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder
    • Robinson DG, Woerner MG, McMeniman M, et al. Symptomatic and functional recovery from a first episode of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Am J Psychiatry 2004;161(3):473-9
    • (2004) Am J Psychiatry , vol.161 , Issue.3 , pp. 473-479
    • Robinson, D.G.1    Woerner, M.G.2    McMeniman, M.3
  • 37
    • 0026507729 scopus 로고
    • The International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia: Five-year follow-up findings
    • Leff J, Sartorius N, Jablensky A, et al. The International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia: five-year follow-up findings. Psychol Mcd 1992;22(1):131-45
    • (1992) Psychol Mcd , vol.22 , Issue.1 , pp. 131-145
    • Leff, J.1    Sartorius, N.2    Jablensky, A.3
  • 38
    • 16444364876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recovery from schizophrenic psychoses within the northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort
    • Lauronen E, Koskinen J, Veijola J, et al. Recovery from schizophrenic psychoses within the northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort. J Clin Psychiatry 2005;66(3):375-83
    • (2005) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.66 , Issue.3 , pp. 375-383
    • Lauronen, E.1    Koskinen, J.2    Veijola, J.3
  • 39
    • 0031948246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Full recovery' from schizophrenia in the long term: A ten-year follow-up of eight former schizophrenic patients
    • Torgalsboen AK, Rund BR. 'Full recovery' from schizophrenia in the long term: a ten-year follow-up of eight former schizophrenic patients. Psychiatry 1998;61(1):20-34
    • (1998) Psychiatry , vol.61 , Issue.1 , pp. 20-34
    • Torgalsboen, A.K.1    Rund, B.R.2
  • 40
    • 0027260890 scopus 로고
    • An 8-year follow-up of patients with DSM-III-R psychotic depression, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia
    • Tsuang D, Coryell W. An 8-year follow-up of patients with DSM-III-R psychotic depression, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 1993;150(8):1182-8
    • (1993) Am J Psychiatry , vol.150 , Issue.8 , pp. 1182-1188
    • Tsuang, D.1    Coryell, W.2
  • 41
    • 0041647134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The McLcan-Harvard First-episode Mania Study: Prediction of recovery and first recurrence
    • Tohen M, Zarate CA Jr, Hennen J, et al. The McLcan-Harvard First-episode Mania Study: prediction of recovery and first recurrence. Am J Psychiatry 2003;160(12):2099-107
    • (2003) Am J Psychiatry , vol.160 , Issue.12 , pp. 2099-2107
    • Tohen, M.1    Zarate Jr, C.A.2    Hennen, J.3
  • 42
    • 0036737210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subsyndromal depression is associated with functional impairment in patients with bipolar disorder
    • Altshuler LL, Gitlin MJ, Mintz J, et al. Subsyndromal depression is associated with functional impairment in patients with bipolar disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 2002;63(9):807-11
    • (2002) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.63 , Issue.9 , pp. 807-811
    • Altshuler, L.L.1    Gitlin, M.J.2    Mintz, J.3
  • 43
    • 23744453919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of co-occurring alcohol abuse on the course of bipolar disorder following a first hospitalization for mania
    • Strakowski SM, Delbello MP, Fleck DE, et al. Effects of co-occurring alcohol abuse on the course of bipolar disorder following a first hospitalization for mania. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2005;62(8):851-8
    • (2005) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.62 , Issue.8 , pp. 851-858
    • Strakowski, S.M.1    Delbello, M.P.2    Fleck, D.E.3
  • 44
    • 0036270011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The long-term natural history of the weekly symptomatic status of bipolar I disorder
    • Judd LL, Akiskal HS, Schetter PJ, et al. The long-term natural history of the weekly symptomatic status of bipolar I disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2002;59(6):530-7
    • (2002) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.59 , Issue.6 , pp. 530-537
    • Judd, L.L.1    Akiskal, H.S.2    Schetter, P.J.3
  • 45
    • 0033866198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New strategies for treating chronic depression
    • Kocsis JH. New strategies for treating chronic depression. J Clin Psychiatry 2000;61(Suppl 11):42-5
    • (2000) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.61 , Issue.SUPPL. 11 , pp. 42-45
    • Kocsis, J.H.1
  • 46
    • 0034953106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical guidelines for die treatment of depressive disorders. IV. Medications and other biological treatments
    • Kennedy SH, Lam RX, Cohen NL, Ravindran AV. Clinical guidelines for die treatment of depressive disorders. IV. Medications and other biological treatments. Can J Psychiatry 2001;46(Suppl 1:38S-58S
    • (2001) Can J Psychiatry , vol.46 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Kennedy, S.H.1    Lam, R.X.2    Cohen, N.L.3    Ravindran, A.V.4
  • 47
    • 0036855307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of treatment-resistant depression on health care utilization and costs
    • Crown WH, Finkelstein S, Berndt ER, et al. The impact of treatment-resistant depression on health care utilization and costs. J Clin Psychiatry 2002;63(11):963-71
    • (2002) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.63 , Issue.11 , pp. 963-971
    • Crown, W.H.1    Finkelstein, S.2    Berndt, E.R.3
  • 48
    • 28644436444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of schizophrenia - a review
    • Maki P, Veijola J, Jones PB, et al. Predictors of schizophrenia - a review. Br Med Bull 2005;73/74:1-15
    • (2005) Br Med Bull , vol.73-74 , pp. 1-15
    • Maki, P.1    Veijola, J.2    Jones, P.B.3
  • 49
    • 24144496847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurologic comorbidities in schizophrenia
    • Nasrallah HA. Neurologic comorbidities in schizophrenia. J Clin Psychiatry 2005;66(Suppl 6):34-46
    • (2005) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.66 , Issue.SUPPL. 6 , pp. 34-46
    • Nasrallah, H.A.1
  • 50
    • 0035869532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal study of brain morphology in first episode schizophrenia
    • Lieberman J, Chakos M, Wu H, et al. Longitudinal study of brain morphology in first episode schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 2001;49(6):487-99
    • (2001) Biol Psychiatry , vol.49 , Issue.6 , pp. 487-499
    • Lieberman, J.1    Chakos, M.2    Wu, H.3
  • 51
    • 0242285729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Initial magnetic resonance imaging volumetric brain measurements and outcome in schizophrenia: A prospective longitudinal study with 5-year follow-up
    • Milev P, Ho BC, Arndt S, et al. Initial magnetic resonance imaging volumetric brain measurements and outcome in schizophrenia: a prospective longitudinal study with 5-year follow-up. Biol Psychiatry 2003;54(6):608-15
    • (2003) Biol Psychiatry , vol.54 , Issue.6 , pp. 608-615
    • Milev, P.1    Ho, B.C.2    Arndt, S.3
  • 52
    • 9244227935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Volume of the cingulate and outcome in schizophrenia
    • Mitelman SA, Shihabuddin L, Brickman AM, et al. Volume of the cingulate and outcome in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2005;72(2/3):91-108
    • (2005) Schizophr Res , vol.72 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 91-108
    • Mitelman, S.A.1    Shihabuddin, L.2    Brickman, A.M.3
  • 53
    • 0034941391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural brain abnormalities in chronic schizophrenia at the extremes of the outcome spectrum
    • Staal WG, Hulshoff Pol HE, Schnack HG, et al. Structural brain abnormalities in chronic schizophrenia at the extremes of the outcome spectrum. Am J Psychiatry 2001;158(7):1140-2
    • (2001) Am J Psychiatry , vol.158 , Issue.7 , pp. 1140-1142
    • Staal, W.G.1    Hulshoff Pol, H.E.2    Schnack, H.G.3
  • 54
    • 0037977109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive structural brain abnormalities and their relationship to clinical outcome: A longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging study early in schizophrenia
    • Ho BC, Andreasen NC, Nopoulos P, et al. Progressive structural brain abnormalities and their relationship to clinical outcome: a longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging study early in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2003;60(6):585-94
    • (2003) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.60 , Issue.6 , pp. 585-594
    • Ho, B.C.1    Andreasen, N.C.2    Nopoulos, P.3
  • 55
    • 0034722081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phasic and enduring negative symptoms in schizophrenia: Biological markers and relationship to outcome
    • Tandon R, Dequardo JR, Taylor SF, et al. Phasic and enduring negative symptoms in schizophrenia: biological markers and relationship to outcome. Schizophr Res 2000;45(3):191-201
    • (2000) Schizophr Res , vol.45 , Issue.3 , pp. 191-201
    • Tandon, R.1    Dequardo, J.R.2    Taylor, S.F.3
  • 56
    • 20444479442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Depressive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia: Different effects on clinical features
    • Rocca P, Bellino S, Calvarese P, et al. Depressive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia: different effects on clinical features. Compr Psychiatry 2005;46(4):304-10
    • (2005) Compr Psychiatry , vol.46 , Issue.4 , pp. 304-310
    • Rocca, P.1    Bellino, S.2    Calvarese, P.3
  • 57
    • 14844321950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictive values of neurocognition and negative symptoms on functional outcome in schizophrenia a longitudinal first-episode study with 7-year follow-up
    • Milev P, Ho BC, Arndt S, Andreasen NC. Predictive values of neurocognition and negative symptoms on functional outcome in schizophrenia a longitudinal first-episode study with 7-year follow-up. Am J Psychiatry 2005;162(3):495-506
    • (2005) Am J Psychiatry , vol.162 , Issue.3 , pp. 495-506
    • Milev, P.1    Ho, B.C.2    Arndt, S.3    Andreasen, N.C.4
  • 58
    • 0037349471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive function in schizophrenia. Deficits, functional consequences, and future treament
    • Sharma T, Antonova L. Cognitive function in schizophrenia. Deficits, functional consequences, and future treament. Psychiatr Clin N Am 2003;26(1):25-40
    • (2003) Psychiatr Clin N Am , vol.26 , Issue.1 , pp. 25-40
    • Sharma, T.1    Antonova, L.2
  • 59
    • 0034721980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of cognition in vocational functioning in schizophrenia
    • McGurk SR, Meltzer HY. The role of cognition in vocational functioning in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2000;45(3):175-84
    • (2000) Schizophr Res , vol.45 , Issue.3 , pp. 175-184
    • McGurk, S.R.1    Meltzer, H.Y.2
  • 60
    • 0036206495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insight and work performance in schizophrenia
    • Lysaker PH, Bryson GJ, Bell MD. Insight and work performance in schizophrenia. J Nerv Ment Dis 2002;190(3):142-6
    • (2002) J Nerv Ment Dis , vol.190 , Issue.3 , pp. 142-146
    • Lysaker, P.H.1    Bryson, G.J.2    Bell, M.D.3
  • 61
    • 33745448383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring depression in schizophrenia
    • Maggini C, Raballo A. Exploring depression in schizophrenia. Eur Psychiatry 2006;21(4):227-32
    • (2006) Eur Psychiatry , vol.21 , Issue.4 , pp. 227-232
    • Maggini, C.1    Raballo, A.2
  • 62
    • 34447576455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical predictors of therapeutic response to clozapine in a sample of Turkish patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia
    • Semiz UB, Cetin M, Basoglu C, et al. Clinical predictors of therapeutic response to clozapine in a sample of Turkish patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2007;31(6):1330-6
    • (2007) Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry , vol.31 , Issue.6 , pp. 1330-1336
    • Semiz, U.B.1    Cetin, M.2    Basoglu, C.3
  • 63
    • 3242687762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of antipsychotic treatment response in patients with first-episode schizophrenia, schizoaffective and schizophreniform disorders
    • Perkins D, Lieberman J, Gu H, et al. Predictors of antipsychotic treatment response in patients with first-episode schizophrenia, schizoaffective and schizophreniform disorders. Br J Psychiatry 2004;185:18-24
    • (2004) Br J Psychiatry , vol.185 , pp. 18-24
    • Perkins, D.1    Lieberman, J.2    Gu, H.3
  • 64
    • 3042664383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Premorbid functioning in schizophrenia: Relation to baseline symptoms, treatment response, and medication side effects
    • Strous RD, Alvir JM, Robinson D, et al. Premorbid functioning in schizophrenia: relation to baseline symptoms, treatment response, and medication side effects. Schizophr Bull 2004;30(2):265-78
    • (2004) Schizophr Bull , vol.30 , Issue.2 , pp. 265-278
    • Strous, R.D.1    Alvir, J.M.2    Robinson, D.3
  • 65
    • 4043177626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Premorbid adjustment in first-episode non-affective psychosis: Distinct patterns of pre-onset course
    • Larsen TK, Friis S, Haahr U, et al. Premorbid adjustment in first-episode non-affective psychosis: distinct patterns of pre-onset course. Br J Psychiatry 2004;185:108-15
    • (2004) Br J Psychiatry , vol.185 , pp. 108-115
    • Larsen, T.K.1    Friis, S.2    Haahr, U.3
  • 66
    • 0034434675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of quality of life at first presentation with schizophrenia
    • Browne S, Clarke M, Gervin M, et al. Determinants of quality of life at first presentation with schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 2000;176:173-6
    • (2000) Br J Psychiatry , vol.176 , pp. 173-176
    • Browne, S.1    Clarke, M.2    Gervin, M.3
  • 67
    • 0036535861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • One year outcome in first episode psychosis: Influence of DUP and other predictors
    • Malla AK, Norman RM, Manchanda R, et al. One year outcome in first episode psychosis: influence of DUP and other predictors. Schizophr Res 2002;54(3):231-42
    • (2002) Schizophr Res , vol.54 , Issue.3 , pp. 231-242
    • Malla, A.K.1    Norman, R.M.2    Manchanda, R.3
  • 68
    • 22344447728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of substance use disorders on clinical outcome in 643 patients with first-episode psychosis
    • Lambert M, Conus P, Lubman DI, et al. The impact of substance use disorders on clinical outcome in 643 patients with first-episode psychosis. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2005;112(2):141-8
    • (2005) Acta Psychiatr Scand , vol.112 , Issue.2 , pp. 141-148
    • Lambert, M.1    Conus, P.2    Lubman, D.I.3
  • 69
    • 0037349852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection and management of comorbidity in patients with schizophrenia
    • Green AI, Canuso CM, Brenner MJ, Wojcik JD. Detection and management of comorbidity in patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatr Clin N Am 2003;26(1):115-39
    • (2003) Psychiatr Clin N Am , vol.26 , Issue.1 , pp. 115-139
    • Green, A.I.1    Canuso, C.M.2    Brenner, M.J.3    Wojcik, J.D.4
  • 70
    • 18844381122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obsessive-compulsive symptoms in schizophrenia: Associated clinical features, cognitive function and medication status
    • Ongur D, Goff DC. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms in schizophrenia: associated clinical features, cognitive function and medication status. Schizophr Res 2005;75(2/3):349-62
    • (2005) Schizophr Res , vol.75 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 349-362
    • Ongur, D.1    Goff, D.C.2
  • 72
    • 10744233380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Olanzapine vs haloperidol in geriatric schizophrenia: Analysis of data from a double-blind controlled trial
    • Kennedy JS, Jeste D, Kaiser CJ, et al. Olanzapine vs haloperidol in geriatric schizophrenia: analysis of data from a double-blind controlled trial. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2003;18(11):1013-20
    • (2003) Int J Geriatr Psychiatry , vol.18 , Issue.11 , pp. 1013-1020
    • Kennedy, J.S.1    Jeste, D.2    Kaiser, C.J.3
  • 73
    • 0035707773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood-onset schizophrenia: Research update
    • Kumra S, Shaw M, Merka P, et al. Childhood-onset schizophrenia: research update. Can J Psychiatry 2001;46(10):923-30
    • (2001) Can J Psychiatry , vol.46 , Issue.10 , pp. 923-930
    • Kumra, S.1    Shaw, M.2    Merka, P.3
  • 74
    • 0030961598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age at onset and gender of schizophrenic patients in relation to neuroleptic resistance
    • Meltzer HY, Rabinowitz J, Lee MA, et al. Age at onset and gender of schizophrenic patients in relation to neuroleptic resistance. Am J Psychiatry 1997;154(4):475-82
    • (1997) Am J Psychiatry , vol.154 , Issue.4 , pp. 475-482
    • Meltzer, H.Y.1    Rabinowitz, J.2    Lee, M.A.3
  • 75
    • 0033797560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adult outcomes of child- and adolescent-onset schizophrenia: Diagnostic stability and predictive validity
    • Hollis C. Adult outcomes of child- and adolescent-onset schizophrenia: diagnostic stability and predictive validity. Am J Psychiatry 2000;157(10):1652-9
    • (2000) Am J Psychiatry , vol.157 , Issue.10 , pp. 1652-1659
    • Hollis, C.1
  • 76
    • 0030698640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of medication compliance in schizophrenia: Empirical and clinical findings
    • Fenton WS, Blyler CR, Heinssen RK. Determinants of medication compliance in schizophrenia: empirical and clinical findings. Schizophr Bull 1997;23(4):637-51
    • (1997) Schizophr Bull , vol.23 , Issue.4 , pp. 637-651
    • Fenton, W.S.1    Blyler, C.R.2    Heinssen, R.K.3
  • 77
    • 0036773689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of and risk factors for medication nonadherence in patients with schizophrenia: A comprehensive review of recent literature
    • Lacro JP, Dunn LB, Dolder CR, et al. Prevalence of and risk factors for medication nonadherence in patients with schizophrenia: a comprehensive review of recent literature. J Clin Psychiatry 2002;63(10):892-909
    • (2002) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.63 , Issue.10 , pp. 892-909
    • Lacro, J.P.1    Dunn, L.B.2    Dolder, C.R.3
  • 78
    • 0033804148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment refractory schizophrenia
    • Lindenmayer JP. Treatment refractory schizophrenia. Psychiatr Q 2000;71(4):373-84
    • (2000) Psychiatr Q , vol.71 , Issue.4 , pp. 373-384
    • Lindenmayer, J.P.1
  • 79
    • 0029797948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors influencing treatment response and outcome of first-episode schizophrenia: Implications for understanding the pathophysiology of schizophrenia
    • Lieberman JA, Koreen AR, Chakos M, et al. Factors influencing treatment response and outcome of first-episode schizophrenia: implications for understanding the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. J Clin Psychiatry 1996;57(Suppl 9):5-9
    • (1996) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.57 , Issue.SUPPL. 9 , pp. 5-9
    • Lieberman, J.A.1    Koreen, A.R.2    Chakos, M.3
  • 80
    • 0037400880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insight in schizophrenia: A mem-analysis
    • Mintz AR, Dobson KS, Romney DM. Insight in schizophrenia: a mem-analysis. Schizophr Res 2003;61(1):75-88
    • (2003) Schizophr Res , vol.61 , Issue.1 , pp. 75-88
    • Mintz, A.R.1    Dobson, K.S.2    Romney, D.M.3
  • 81
    • 0028850414 scopus 로고
    • Psychosis with good prognosis in Afro-Caribbean people now living in the United Kingdom
    • McKenzie K, Van Os J, Fahy T, et al. Psychosis with good prognosis in Afro-Caribbean people now living in the United Kingdom. BMJ 1995;311(7016):1325-8
    • (1995) BMJ , vol.311 , Issue.7016 , pp. 1325-1328
    • McKenzie, K.1    Van Os, J.2    Fahy, T.3
  • 82
    • 0031920015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of outcome in schizophrenia
    • Murray RM, Van Os J. Predictors of outcome in schizophrenia. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1998;18(2 Suppl 1):2S-4S
    • (1998) J Clin Psychopharmacol , vol.18 , Issue.2 SUPPL. 1
    • Murray, R.M.1    Van Os, J.2
  • 83
    • 0026511310 scopus 로고
    • Recent developments in expressed emotion and schizophrenia
    • Kavanagh DJ: Recent developments in expressed emotion and schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 1992;160:601-20
    • (1992) Br J Psychiatry , vol.160 , pp. 601-620
    • Kavanagh, D.J.1
  • 84
    • 32944482387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An overview of psychotropic drug-drug interactions
    • Sandson NB, Armstrong SC, Cozza KL. An overview of psychotropic drug-drug interactions. Psychosomatics 2005;46(5):464-94
    • (2005) Psychosomatics , vol.46 , Issue.5 , pp. 464-494
    • Sandson, N.B.1    Armstrong, S.C.2    Cozza, K.L.3
  • 86
    • 0037464759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroanatomical abnormalities before and after onset of psychosis: A cross-sectional and longitudinal MRI comparison
    • Pantetis C, Velakoulis D, McGorry PD, et al. Neuroanatomical abnormalities before and after onset of psychosis: a cross-sectional and longitudinal MRI comparison. Lancet 2003;361(9354):281-8
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.361 , Issue.9354 , pp. 281-288
    • Pantetis, C.1    Velakoulis, D.2    McGorry, P.D.3
  • 87
    • 49149090812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Schimmelmann BG, Huber CG, Lambert M, et al. Impact of duration of untreated psychosis on pre-treatment, baseline, and outcome characteristics in an epidemiological first-episode psychosis cohort. J Psychiatr Research 2008; doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2007.12.001
    • Schimmelmann BG, Huber CG, Lambert M, et al. Impact of duration of untreated psychosis on pre-treatment, baseline, and outcome characteristics in an epidemiological first-episode psychosis cohort. J Psychiatr Research 2008; doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2007.12.001
  • 88
    • 1642538335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Duration of untreated psychosis may predict acute treatment response in first-episode schizophrenia
    • Ucok A, Polat A, Genc A, et al. Duration of untreated psychosis may predict acute treatment response in first-episode schizophrenia. J Psychiatr Res 2004;38(2):163-8
    • (2004) J Psychiatr Res , vol.38 , Issue.2 , pp. 163-168
    • Ucok, A.1    Polat, A.2    Genc, A.3
  • 90
    • 24344441586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between duration of untreated psychosis and outcome in cohorts of first-episode patients: A systematic review
    • Marshall M, Lewis S, Lockwood A, et al. Association between duration of untreated psychosis and outcome in cohorts of first-episode patients: a systematic review. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2005;62(9):975-83
    • (2005) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.62 , Issue.9 , pp. 975-983
    • Marshall, M.1    Lewis, S.2    Lockwood, A.3
  • 91
    • 0038293210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of the duration of untreated psychosis prior to first psychiatric admission on the 15-year outcome in schizophrenia
    • Bottlender R, Sato T, Jager M, et al. The impact of the duration of untreated psychosis prior to first psychiatric admission on the 15-year outcome in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2003;62(1/2):37-44
    • (2003) Schizophr Res , vol.62 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 37-44
    • Bottlender, R.1    Sato, T.2    Jager, M.3
  • 92
    • 25444485180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between duration of untreated psychosis and outcome: An eight-year prospective study
    • Harris MG, Henry LP, Harrigan SM, et al. The relationship between duration of untreated psychosis and outcome: an eight-year prospective study. Schizophr Res 2005;79(1):85-93
    • (2005) Schizophr Res , vol.79 , Issue.1 , pp. 85-93
    • Harris, M.G.1    Henry, L.P.2    Harrigan, S.M.3
  • 93
    • 14144252924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Royal Australian And New Zealand College Of Psychiatrists. Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of schizophrenia and related disorders. Aust NZ J Psychiatry 2005;39(1/2):1-30
    • Royal Australian And New Zealand College Of Psychiatrists. Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of schizophrenia and related disorders. Aust NZ J Psychiatry 2005;39(1/2):1-30
  • 94
    • 50949089293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lambert M, Naber D, editors, Hamburg. Science Press
    • Lambert M, Naber D, editors. Current schizophrenia. Hamburg. Science Press, 2004
    • (2004) Current schizophrenia
  • 95
    • 0035131078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebral white matter lesions in bipolar affective disorder: Relationship to outcome
    • Moore PB, Shepherd DJ, Eccleston D. et al. Cerebral white matter lesions in bipolar affective disorder: relationship to outcome. Br J Psychiatry 2001;178:172-6
    • (2001) Br J Psychiatry , vol.178 , pp. 172-176
    • Moore, P.B.1    Shepherd, D.J.2    Eccleston, D.3
  • 96
    • 1642377256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction of cingulate gray matter density in poor outcome bipolar illness
    • Doris A, Belton E, Ebmeier KP, et al. Reduction of cingulate gray matter density in poor outcome bipolar illness. Psychiatry Res. 2004;130(2):153-9
    • (2004) Psychiatry Res , vol.130 , Issue.2 , pp. 153-159
    • Doris, A.1    Belton, E.2    Ebmeier, K.P.3
  • 97
    • 0036842774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ventricular and periventricular structural volumes in first-versus multiple-episode bipolar disorder
    • Strakowski SM, Delbello MP, Zimmerman ME, et al. Ventricular and periventricular structural volumes in first-versus multiple-episode bipolar disorder. Am J Psychiatry 2002;159(11):1841-7
    • (2002) Am J Psychiatry , vol.159 , Issue.11 , pp. 1841-1847
    • Strakowski, S.M.1    Delbello, M.P.2    Zimmerman, M.E.3
  • 98
    • 0034963369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The neuropsychology and neuroanatomy of bipolar affective disorder: A critical review
    • discussion 103-51
    • Bearden CE, Hoffman KM, Cannon TD. The neuropsychology and neuroanatomy of bipolar affective disorder: a critical review. Bipolar Dis 2001;3(3):106-50; discussion 103-51
    • (2001) Bipolar Dis , vol.3 , Issue.3 , pp. 106-150
    • Bearden, C.E.1    Hoffman, K.M.2    Cannon, T.D.3
  • 99
    • 0242416550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does prophylaxis-delay in bipolar disorder influence outcome? Results from a long-term study of 147 patients
    • Baethge C, Smolka MN, Gruschka P, et al. Does prophylaxis-delay in bipolar disorder influence outcome? Results from a long-term study of 147 patients. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2003;107(4):260-7
    • (2003) Acta Psychiatr Scand , vol.107 , Issue.4 , pp. 260-267
    • Baethge, C.1    Smolka, M.N.2    Gruschka, P.3
  • 100
    • 16644378184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of acute mania symptomatology to maintenance treatment response
    • Bowden CL. Relationship of acute mania symptomatology to maintenance treatment response. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2004;6(6):473-77
    • (2004) Curr Psychiatry Rep , vol.6 , Issue.6 , pp. 473-477
    • Bowden, C.L.1
  • 101
    • 3343024337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlates of 1-year prospective outcome in bipolar disorder: Results from the Stanley Foundation Bipolar Network
    • Nolen WA, Luckenbaugh DA, Altshuler LL, et al. Correlates of 1-year prospective outcome in bipolar disorder: results from the Stanley Foundation Bipolar Network. Am J Psychiatry 2004;161(8):1447-54
    • (2004) Am J Psychiatry , vol.161 , Issue.8 , pp. 1447-1454
    • Nolen, W.A.1    Luckenbaugh, D.A.2    Altshuler, L.L.3
  • 102
    • 0034880226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of functional outcome and healthcare costs in bipolar disorder: A high-intensity follow-up study
    • Bauer MS, Kirk GF, Gavin C, Williford WO. Determinants of functional outcome and healthcare costs in bipolar disorder: a high-intensity follow-up study. J Affect Dis 2001;65(3):231-41
    • (2001) J Affect Dis , vol.65 , Issue.3 , pp. 231-241
    • Bauer, M.S.1    Kirk, G.F.2    Gavin, C.3    Williford, W.O.4
  • 103
    • 12244283703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychological performance in depressed and euthymic bipolar patients
    • Martinez-Aran A, Vieta E, Colom F, et al. Neuropsychological performance in depressed and euthymic bipolar patients. Neuropsychobiology 2002;46(Suppl 1):16-21
    • (2002) Neuropsychobiology , vol.46 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 16-21
    • Martinez-Aran, A.1    Vieta, E.2    Colom, F.3
  • 104
    • 0032170382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bipolar I affective disorder: Predictors of outcome after 15 years
    • Coryell W, Turvey C, Endicott J, et al. Bipolar I affective disorder: predictors of outcome after 15 years. J Affect Dis 1998;50(2/3):109-16
    • (1998) J Affect Dis , vol.50 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 109-116
    • Coryell, W.1    Turvey, C.2    Endicott, J.3
  • 105
    • 0035089615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 15-year outcome of treated bipolar disorder
    • Tsai SM, Chen C, Kuo C, et al. 15-year outcome of treated bipolar disorder. J Affect Dis 2001;63(1/3):215-20
    • (2001) J Affect Dis , vol.63 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 215-220
    • Tsai, S.M.1    Chen, C.2    Kuo, C.3
  • 106
    • 4544363372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of comorbid anxiety disorders on outcome in a cohort of patients with bipolar disorder
    • Boylan KR, Bieling PJ, Marriott M, et al. Impact of comorbid anxiety disorders on outcome in a cohort of patients with bipolar disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 2004;65(8):1106-13
    • (2004) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.65 , Issue.8 , pp. 1106-1113
    • Boylan, K.R.1    Bieling, P.J.2    Marriott, M.3
  • 107
    • 19544368158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anxiety disorder comorbidity in bipolar I disorder: Relationship to depression severity and treatment outcome
    • Gaudiano BA, Miller IW. Anxiety disorder comorbidity in bipolar I disorder: relationship to depression severity and treatment outcome. Depress Anxiety 2005;21(2):71-7
    • (2005) Depress Anxiety , vol.21 , Issue.2 , pp. 71-77
    • Gaudiano, B.A.1    Miller, I.W.2
  • 108
    • 0037508725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early age at onset as a risk factor for poor outcome of bipolar disorder
    • Carter TD, Mundo E, Parikh SV, Kennedy JL. Early age at onset as a risk factor for poor outcome of bipolar disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2003;37(4):297-303
    • (2003) J Psychiatr Res , vol.37 , Issue.4 , pp. 297-303
    • Carter, T.D.1    Mundo, E.2    Parikh, S.V.3    Kennedy, J.L.4
  • 109
    • 0037648427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rates of response, euthymia and remission in two placebo-controlled olanzapine trials for bipolar mania
    • Chengappa KN, Baker RW, Shao L, et al. Rates of response, euthymia and remission in two placebo-controlled olanzapine trials for bipolar mania. Bipolar Dis 2003;5(1):1-5
    • (2003) Bipolar Dis , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-5
    • Chengappa, K.N.1    Baker, R.W.2    Shao, L.3
  • 111
    • 2642658369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 12-month outcome of patients with bipolar disorder following hospitalization for a martic or mixed episode
    • Keck PE Jr, McElroy SL, Strakowski SM, et al. 12-month outcome of patients with bipolar disorder following hospitalization for a martic or mixed episode. Am J Psychiatry 1998;155(5):646-52
    • (1998) Am J Psychiatry , vol.155 , Issue.5 , pp. 646-652
    • Keck Jr, P.E.1    McElroy, S.L.2    Strakowski, S.M.3
  • 112
    • 0038579263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment-latency and previous episodes: Relationships to pretreatment morbidity and response to maintenance treatment in bipolar I and Ii disorders
    • Baldessarini RJ, Tondo, L, Hennen J. Treatment-latency and previous episodes: relationships to pretreatment morbidity and response to maintenance treatment in bipolar I and Ii disorders. Bipolar Dis 2003;5(3):169-79
    • (2003) Bipolar Dis , vol.5 , Issue.3 , pp. 169-179
    • Baldessarini, R.J.1    Tondo, L.2    Hennen, J.3
  • 113
    • 5144229299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medication use Patterns and 2-year outcome in first-admission bipolar disorder with psychotic features
    • Craig TJ, Grossman S, Mojtabai R, et al. Medication use Patterns and 2-year outcome in first-admission bipolar disorder with psychotic features. Bipolar Dis 2004;6(5):406-15
    • (2004) Bipolar Dis , vol.6 , Issue.5 , pp. 406-415
    • Craig, T.J.1    Grossman, S.2    Mojtabai, R.3
  • 114
    • 1942456468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term implications of early onset in bipolar disorder: Data from the first 1000 participants in the systematic treatment enhancement program for bipolar disorder (STEP-BD)
    • Perlis RH, Miyahara S, Marangell LB, et al. Long-term implications of early onset in bipolar disorder: data from the first 1000 participants in the systematic treatment enhancement program for bipolar disorder (STEP-BD). Biol Psychiatry 2004;55(9):875-81
    • (2004) Biol Psychiatry , vol.55 , Issue.9 , pp. 875-881
    • Perlis, R.H.1    Miyahara, S.2    Marangell, L.B.3
  • 115
    • 0027461471 scopus 로고
    • Thyroid dysfunction in refractory depression: Implications for pathophysiology and treatment
    • Howland RH. Thyroid dysfunction in refractory depression: implications for pathophysiology and treatment. J Clin Psychiatry 1993;54(2):47-54
    • (1993) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.54 , Issue.2 , pp. 47-54
    • Howland, R.H.1
  • 116
    • 0034928889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical features of treatment-resistant depression
    • Kornstein SG, Schneider RK. Clinical features of treatment-resistant depression. J Clin Psychiatry 2001;62(Suppl 16):18-25
    • (2001) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.62 , Issue.SUPPL. 16 , pp. 18-25
    • Kornstein, S.G.1    Schneider, R.K.2
  • 117
    • 0034001130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of severe depression
    • Thase ME. Treatment of severe depression. J Clin Psychiatry 2000;61(Suppl 1):17-25
    • (2000) J Clin Psychiatry , vol.61 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 17-25
    • Thase, M.E.1
  • 118
    • 0028944697 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between premorbid neuroticism, cognitive dysfunction and persistence of depression: A 1-year follow-up
    • Scott J, Williams JM, Brittlebank A, Ferrier IN. The relationship between premorbid neuroticism, cognitive dysfunction and persistence of depression: a 1-year follow-up. J Affect Dis 1995;33(3):167-72
    • (1995) J Affect Dis , vol.33 , Issue.3 , pp. 167-172
    • Scott, J.1    Williams, J.M.2    Brittlebank, A.3    Ferrier, I.N.4
  • 119
    • 0032722366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age of onset in chronic major depression: Relation to demographic and clinical variables, family history, and treatment response
    • Klein DN, Schatzberg AF, McCullough JP, et al. Age of onset in chronic major depression: relation to demographic and clinical variables, family history, and treatment response. J Affect Dis 1999;55(2/3):149-57
    • (1999) J Affect Dis , vol.55 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 149-157
    • Klein, D.N.1    Schatzberg, A.F.2    McCullough, J.P.3
  • 120
    • 0023845695 scopus 로고
    • The Newcastle Chronic Depression Study. Patient characteristics and factors associated with chronicity
    • Scott J, Barker WA, Eccleston D. The Newcastle Chronic Depression Study. Patient characteristics and factors associated with chronicity. Br J Psychiatry 1988;152:28-33
    • (1988) Br J Psychiatry , vol.152 , pp. 28-33
    • Scott, J.1    Barker, W.A.2    Eccleston, D.3
  • 121
    • 29344456450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between polymorphism within the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene and treatment response in depression - further evidence but still controversial issues
    • Wetter TC, Ising M. Association between polymorphism within the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene and treatment response in depression - further evidence but still controversial issues. Sleep Med 2004;5(1):93-5
    • (2004) Sleep Med , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 93-95
    • Wetter, T.C.1    Ising, M.2
  • 122
    • 0034849392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical importance of long-term antidepressant treatment
    • Hirschfeld RM. Clinical importance of long-term antidepressant treatment. Br J Psychiatry Suppl 2001;42:S4-8
    • (2001) Br J Psychiatry Suppl , vol.42
    • Hirschfeld, R.M.1
  • 123
    • 9144268278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reducing the duration of untreated first-episode psychosis: Effects on clinical presentation
    • Melle I, Larsen TK, Haahr U, et al. Reducing the duration of untreated first-episode psychosis: effects on clinical presentation. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2004;61(2):143-50
    • (2004) Arch Gen Psychiatry , vol.61 , Issue.2 , pp. 143-150
    • Melle, I.1    Larsen, T.K.2    Haahr, U.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.