Treatment-resistant bipolar depression

Psychiatric Clinics of North America

Volumn 19, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 215-236

  Sachs, G S ^a  

^a MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTICONVULSIVE AGENT; LITHIUM;

ALGORITHM; BIPOLAR DEPRESSION; ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY; HOST RESISTANCE; HUMAN; HYPERMETABOLISM; MEDICAL DECISION MAKING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; THYROID HORMONE METABOLISM; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TREATMENT PLANNING;

EID: 0029974646     PISSN: 0193953X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0193-953X(05)70285-9     Document Type: Article

References (83)

1. T.A. Aaronson S. Shukla J. Hirschowitz Clonazepam treatment of five lithium-refractory patients with bipolar disorder Am J Psychiatry 146 1989 77 80
2. R. Abrams M.A. Taylor Differential EEG patterns in affective disorder and schizophrenia Arch Gen Psychiatry 36 1979 1355 1358
3. L.L. Altshuler R.M. Post G.S. Leverich Antidepressant-induced mania and cycle acceleration: A controversy revisited Am J Psychiatry 152 1995 1130 1138
4. J. Angst Course of affective disorders H.M. Van Praag Handbook of Biological Psychiatry 1981 Marcel Dekker New York 225 242
5. P.C. Baastrup J.C. Poulsen M. Schou Prophylactic lithium: Double blind discontinuation in manic-depressive and recurrent-depressive disorders Lancet 2 1970 326 330
6. Baldassano CF, Sachs GS, Stoll AL, et al: Paroxetine for bipolar depression: Outcome in patients failing prior antidepressant trials. Depression, in press
7. J.C. Ballenger R.M. Post Therapeutic effects of carbamazepine in affective illness: A preliminary report Commun Psychopharmacol 2 1978 159 175
8. M. Bauer P. Whybrow Rapid cycling bipolar affective disorder: II. Treatment of refractory rapid cycling with high-dose levothyroxine: A preliminary study Arch Gen Psychiatry 47 1990 435 440
9. U. Baumhackl K. Biziere Fischbach Efficacy and tolerability of moclobemide compared with impipramine in depressive disorder (DSM III): An austrian double-blind, multicentre study Br J Psychiatry 155 suppl 1989 78 83
10. J. Biederman Y. Lerner R.H. Belmaker Combination of lithium carbonate and haloperidol in schizo-affective disorder Arch Gen Psychiatry 36 1979 327 333
11. D.W. Black G. Winokur A. Nasrallah Treatment of mania: A naturalistic study of electroconvulsive therapy versus lithium in 438 patients J Clin Psychiatry 48 1987 132 139
12. J.R. Calabrese G.A. Delucchi Spectrum of efficacy of valproate in 55 patients with rapid-cycling bipolar disorder Am J Psychiatry 147 1990 431 434
13. J.T. Cho S. Bone D.L. Dunner The effect of lithium treatment on thyroid function in patients with primary affective disorder Am J Psychiatry 136 1979 115 116
14. J.B. Cohn G. Collins E. Ashbrook J.F. Wernicke A comparison of fluoxetine, imipramine and placebo in patients with bipolar depressive disorder Int Clin Psychopharmacol 4 1989 313 322
15. A. Coppen R. Noguera J. Bailey Prophylactic lithium in affective disorders Lancet 2 1971 275 279
16. W. Coryell M. Keller J. Endicott Bipolar II illness: Course and outcome over a five-year period Psychol Med 1989 19129 19141
17. R.W. Cowdry T.A. Wehr A.P. Zis Thyroid abnormalities associated with rapid cycling bipolar illness Arch Gen Psychiatry 40 1983 414 420
18. R.L. Cundall P.W. Brooks L.G. Murray A controlled evaluation of lithium prophylaxis in affective disorders Psychol Med 2 1972 308 311
19. P. Decina C. Kestenbaum S. Farber Clinical and psychological assessment of children of bipolar probands Am J Psychiatry 140 1983 548 553
20. D.L. Dunner F. Stallone R.R. Fieve Lithium carbonate and affective disorders Arch Gen Psychiatry 33 1976 117
21. J. Esparon J. Kolloori G.J. Naylor Comparison of the prophylactic action of flupenthixol with placebo in lithium treated manic-depressive patients Br J Psychiatry 148 1986 723 725
22. L.F. Fabre K.H. Brodie D. Garver A multicenter evaluation of bupropion versus placebo in hospitalized depressed patients J Clin Psychiatry 44 1983 88 94
23. G. Fava R. Kellner Prodromal symptoms in affective disorders Am J Psychiatry 148 1991 823 830
24. R.R. Fieve T. Kumbaraci D.L. Dunner Lithium prophylaxis of depression in bipolar I, bipolar II, and unipolar patients (2 copies) Am J Psychiatry 133 1976 925 929
25. R.R. Fieve S.R. Platman R.R. Plutchik The use of lithium in affective disorders: I. Acute endogenous depression Am J Psychiatry 125 1968 487 491
26. A.J. Gelenberg J.M. Kane M.B. Keller Comparison of standard and low serum levels of lithium for maintenance treatment of bipolar depression N Engl J Med 321 1989 1489 1493
27. M. Gitlin J. Swendsen Relapse and impairment in bipolar disorder Am J Psychiatry 152 1995 1635 1640
28. P. Glue Rapid cycling affective disorders in the mentally retarded Biol Psychiatry 26 1989 250 256
29. F.K. Goodwin K.R. Jamison Manic Depressive Illness 1990 Oxford University Press New York
30. J.M. Himmelhoch M.E. Thase A.G. Mallinger Tranylcypromine versus imipramine in anergic bipolar depression Am J Psychiatry 148 1991 910 916
31. M.W. Jann A.H. Bitar A. Rao Lithium prophylaxis of tricyclic-antidepressant-induced mania in bipolar patients Am J Psychiatry 139 1982 683 684
32. N. Kanas Group psychotherapy with bipolar patients: A review and synthesis Int J Group Psychother 43 1993 321 333
33. D.S.G. Kay G.J. Naylor A.H.W. Smith The therapeutic effect of ascorbic acid and EDTA in manic depressive psychosis: Double-blind comparisons with standard treatments Psychol Med 14 1984 533 539
34. M. Keller P. Lavori W. Coryell Differential outcome of pure manic, mixed/cycling, and pure depressive episodes in patients with bipolar illness JAMA 255 1986 3138 3142
35. M.B. Keller P.W. Lavori J.M. Kane Subsyndromal symptoms in bipolar disorder: A comparison of standard and low serum levels of lithium Arch Gen Psychiatry 49 1992 371 376
36. A. Kessell N.F. Holt A controlled study of a tetracyclic antidepressant—maprotiline (Ludiomil) Med J Aust 1 1975 773 776
37. A. Kishimoto K. Kamata T. Sugihara Treatment of depression with clonazepam Acta Psychiatr Scand 77 1988 81 86
38. E. Kraepelin G.M. Robertson Manic-Depressive Insanity and Paranoia 1921 E & S Livingstone Edinburgh
39. Z. Kronfol K. Hamsher S. Digre Depression in hemispheric functions: Changes associated with unilateral ECT Br J Psychiatry 132 1978 560 567
40. A. Kukopulos P. Reginaldi G. Laddomada Course of the manic-depressive cycle and changes caused by treatments Pharmakopsychiatrie Neuro-Psychopharmakologie 13 1980 156 167
41. D. Kupfer E. Frank J. Perel Five-year outcome for maintenance therapies in recurrent depression Arch Gen Psychiatry 49 1992 769 773
42. P.A. Lambert Acute and prophylactic therapies of patients with affective disorders using valproate H.M. Emrich Anticonvulsants in Affective Disorders 1984 Excerpta Medica Amsterdam 33 44
43. A.L. Lesser Hypomania and marital conflict Can J Psychiatry 28 1983 362 366
44. J.D. Lish S. Dime-Meenan P.C. Whybrow The National Depressive and Manic-depressive Association (DMDA) survey of bipolar members J Affect Disord 31 1994 281 294
45. J.A. Mayo R.A. O'Connell J.D. O'Brien Families of manic-depressive patients: Effect of treatment Am J Psychiatry 136 1979 1525 1529
46. P.I. Melia Prophylactic lithium: A double-blind trial in recurrent affective disorders Br J Psychiatry 116 1970 621 624
47. C.H. Meredith J.P. Feighner The use of bupropion in hospitalized depressed patients J Clin Psychiatry 44 1983 85 87
48. D. Miklowitz M. Goldstein K. Nuechterlein Family factors and the course of bipolar affective disorder Arch Gen Psychiatry 45 1988 225 231
49. R.R. Monroe Maintenance electroconvulsive therapy Electroconvuls Ther 14 1991 947 960
50. G.J. Naylor B. Martin S.E. Hopwood A two-year double-blind crossover trial of the prophylactic effect of methylene blue in manic depressive psychosis Biol Psychiatry 21 1986 915 920
51. T. Okuma Therapeutic and prophylactic effects of carbamazepine in bipolar disorders Psychiatr Clin North Am 6 1983 157 174
52. M. Peet Induction of mania with selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants Br J Psychiatry 164 1994 549 550
53. E.D. Peselow R.R. Fieve C. Difiglia Lithium prophylaxis of bipolar illness: The value of combination treatment Br J Psychiatry 164 1994 208 214
54. R.M. Post K.G. Kramlinger L.L. Altshuler Treatment of rapid cycling bipolar illness Psychopharmacol Bull 26 1990 37 47
55. R.M. Post T.W. Uhde J.C. Ballenger Carbamazepine and its 10-,11-epoxide metabolite in plasma and CSF: Relationship to antidepressant response Arch Gen Psychiatry 40 1983 673 676
56. A. Poynton P.K. Bridges J.R. Bartlett Resistant bipolar affective disorder treated by stereotactic subcaudate tractotomy Br J Psychiatry 152 1988 354 358
57. L.H. Price D.S. Charney G.R. Heninger Manic symptoms following addition of lithium to antidepressant treatment J Clin Psychopharmacol 4 1984 361 362
58. S. Priebe C. Wildgrube B. Müller-Oerlinghausen Lithium prophylaxis and expressed emotion Br J Psychiatry 154 1989 396 399
59. R.F. Prien C.J. Klett E.M. Caffey Lithium carbonate and imipramine in prevention of affective episodes Arch Gen Psychiatry 29 1973 420 425
60. R.F. Prien C.J. Klett E.M. Caffey Lithium prophylaxis in recurrent affective illness Am J Psychiatry 131 1974 198 203
61. F. Quitkin A. Rifkin J. Kane Prophylactic effect of lithium and imipramine in unipolar and bipolar II patients: A preliminary report (2 copies) Am J Psychiatry 135 1978 570 572
62. F.M. Quitkin J. Kane A. Rifkin Prophylactic lithium carbonate with and without imipramine for bipolar 1 patients Arch Gen Psychiatry 38 1981 902 907
63. P. Roy-Byrne R. Post T. Uhde The longitudinal course of recurrent affective illness: Life chart data from research patients at the NIMH Acta Psychiatr Scand 71 suppl 317 1985 1 34
64. A.J. Rush M.A. Schlesser M. Erman C. Fairchild Alprazolam in bipolar depression Pharmacotherapy 4 1984 40 42
65. G.S. Sachs Adjuncts and alternatives to lithium therapy for bipolar affective disorder J Clin Psychiatry 50 suppl 12 1989 31 39
66. G.S. Sachs B. Lafer A.L. Stoll A double-blind trial of bupropion versus desipramine for bipolar depression J Clin Psychiatry 55 1994 391 393
67. G.S. Sachs B. Lafer C.J. Truman Lithium monotherapy: Miracle, myth and misunderstanding Psychiatr Ann 24 1994 299 306
68. J.G. Small I.F. Small V. Milstein Manic symptoms: An indication for bilateral ECT Biol Psychiatry 20 1985 125 134
69. L.R. Squire P.C. Slater Bilateral and unilateral ECT: Effects on verbal and nonverbal memory Am J Psychiatry 135 1978 1316 1320
70. F. Stallone E. Shelley J. Mendlewicz The use of lithium in affective disorders, III: A double-blind study of prophylaxis in bipolar illness Am J Psychiatry 130 1973 1006 1010
71. A.L. Stoll P.V. Mayer M. Kolbrener Antidepressant-associated mania: A controlled comparison with spontaneous mania Am J Psychiatry 151 1994 1642 1645
72. Thibault A, Sachs GS, Lafer B, et al: Bipolar relapse rates during maintenance therapy. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Psychiatric Association, May 22–27, 1993
73. Truman CJ, Sachs GS, Baldassano CF, et al: Pattern of illness and duration of mania in bipolar disorder. Presented at the 148th Annual Meeting of the American Psychiatric Association, Miami, May 20–25, 1995
74. E.M. Van Gent S.L. Vida F.M. Zwart Group therapy in addition to lithium therapy in patients with bipolar disorders Acta Psychiatr Belg 88 1988 405 418
75. R.G. Vasile J.A. Samson J. Bemporad A biopsychosocial approach to treating patients with affective disorders Am J Psychiatry 144 1987 341 344
76. T.A. Wehr F.K. Goodwin Can antidepressants cause mania and worsen the course of affective illness? Am J Psychiatry 144 1987 1403 1411
77. T.A. Wehr D.A. Sack N.E. Rosenthal Rapid cycling affective disorder: Contributing factors and treatment responses in 51 patients Am J Psychiatry 145 1988 179 184
78. T.A. Wehr A. Wirz-Justice Circadian rhythm mechanisms in affective illness and in antidepressant drug action Pharmacopsychiatry 15 1982 31 39
79. T.A. Wehr A. Wirz-Justice F.K. Goodwin Phase advance of the circadian sleep-wake cycle as an antidepressant Science 206 1979 710 712
80. E.P. Worrall J.P. Moody M. Peet Controlled studies of the acute antidepressant effects of lithium Br J Psychiatry 135 1979 255 262
81. L.T. Yeudall D. Fromm-Auch Neuropsychological impairments in various psychopathological populations J. Gruzelier Hemispheric Asymmetries of Function in Psychopathology 1979 Elsevier Amsterdam 623 629
82. A.P. Zis P. Grof M. Webster F.K. Goodwin Prediction of relapse in recurrent affective disorder Psychopharmacol Bull 16 1980 47 49
83. G.L. Zornberg G.P. Harrison Treatment of depression in bipolar disorder: New directions for research J Clin Psychopharmacol 13 1993 397 408