The road to pluripotence: The research response to the embryonic stem cell debate

Human Molecular Genetics

Volumn 17, Issue R1, 2008, Pages

  Scott, Christopher Thomas ^a,b   Reijo Pera, Renee A ^a  

^a STANFORD UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b Program on Stem Cells in Society   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL NUCLEUS TRANSPLANTATION; CELL RENEWAL; EMBRYO; EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT; EMBRYO RESEARCH; EMBRYONIC STEM CELL; FERTILIZATION IN VITRO; FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT; GOVERNMENT REGULATION; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL; HUMAN; INFERTILITY THERAPY; MOLECULAR CLONING; NONHUMAN; NUCLEAR REPROGRAMMING; PLURIPOTENT STEM CELL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESEARCH ETHICS; REVIEW; STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION;

EMBRYO RESEARCH; EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS; GOVERNMENT REGULATION; HUMANS; PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS; PUBLIC POLICY;

EID: 48049095174     PISSN: 09646906     EISSN: 14602083     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddn074     Document Type: Review

References (82)

1. Thomson, J., Itskovitz-Eldor, J., Shapiro, S., Waknitz, M., Swiergiel, J., Marshall, V. and Jones, J. (1998) Embryonic stem cell lines derived from human blastocysts. Science, 282, 1145-1147.
2. Takahashi, K., Tanabe, K., Ohnuki, M., Narita, M., Ichisaka, T., Tomoda, K. and Yamanaka, S. (2007) Induction of pluripotent stem cells from adult human fibroblasts by defined factors. Cell, 131, 861-872.
3. Yu, J., Vodyanik, M., Smuga-Otto, K., Antosiewicz-Bourget, J., France, J., Tian, S., Nie, J., Jonsdottir, G., Ruotti, V., Stewart, R. et al. (2007) Induced pluripotent stem cell lines derived from human somatic cells. Science, 318, 1917-1920.
4. Park, I., Zhao, R., West, J., Yabuuchi, A., Huo, H., Ince, T., Lerou, P., Lensch, M. and Daley, G. (2008) Reprogramming of human somatic cells to pluripotency with defined factors. Nature, 451, 141-146.
5. Bush, G.W. (2001) Fact sheet: Human embryonic stem cell research. http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2001/08/20010809-1.html.
6. Mitalipova, M., Rao, R., Hoyer, D., Johnson, J., Meisner, L., Jones, K., Dalton, S. and Stice, S. (2005) Preserving the genetic integrity of human embryonic stem cells. Nature Biotechnol., 23, 19-20.
7. Draper, J.S., Pigott, C., Thomson, J.A. and Andrews, P.W. (2002) Surface antigens of human embryonic stem cells: Changes upon differentiation in culture. J. Anat., 200, 249-258.
8. Xu, C., Inokuma, M.S., Denham, J., Golds, K., Kundu, P., Gold, J.D. and Carpenter, M.K. (2001) Feeder-free growth of undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells. Nature Biotechnol., 19, 971-974.
9. Rugg-Gunn, P., Ferguson-Smith, A. and Pedersen, R. (2005) Epigenetic status of human embryonic stem cells. Nature Genet., 37, 585-587.
10. Guhr, A., Kurtz, A., Friedgen, K. and Loser, P. (2006) Current state of human embryonic stem cell research: An overview of cell lines and their use in experimental work. Stem Cells, 24, 2187-2191.
11. Turksen, K. and Troy, T. (2006) Human embryonic stem cells: Isolation, maintenance, and differentiation. Methods Mol. Biol., 331, 1-12.
12. The International Stem Cell Consortium (2007) Characterization of human embryonic stem cell lines by the International Stem Cell Initiative. Nature Biotechnol., 25, 803-816.
13. Strelchenko, N., Verlinsky, O., Kukharenko, V. and Verlinsky, Y. (2004) Morula-derived human embryonic stem cells, Reprod Biomed. Online, 9, 623-629.
14. Chavez, S., Meneses, J., Nguyen, H., Kim, S. and Reijo Pera, R.A. Characterization of six new human embryonic stem cell lines (HSF-7, -8, -9, -10, -12 and - 13) derived in minimal animal-component conditions. Stem Cells Dev, in press.
15. Martin, M., Muotri, A., Gage, F. and Varki, A. (2005) Human embryonic stem cells express an immunogenic nonhuman sialic acid. Nature Med. 11, 228-232.
16. Lensch, M. and Daley, G. (2007) Human embryonic stem cells flock together: An international survey of human embryonic stem cell lines provides a benchmark for comparing results across laboratories. Nature Biotechnol., 4, 748-749.
17. Weinberg; R. (2002) Of clones and clowns. Atlantic Monthly, http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200206/weinberg://www.theatlantic.com/ doc/200206/weinberg.
18. California Proposition 71. http://www.cirm.ca.gov/pdf/ Prop71.pdf://www.cirm.ca.gov/pdf/prop71.pdf.
19. Atkins, W. (2008) Stem cell research: Where does your U.S. state stand? IT Wire Online. http://www.itwire.com/content/view/16103/ 1102/://www.itwire.com/content/view/16103/1102/.
20. Owen-Smith, J. and McCormick, J. (2006) An international gap in human ES cell research. Nat Biotechnol., 24, 391-392.
21. Turksen, K. and Rao, M. (2005) Issues in human embryonic stem cell biology. Stem Cell Rev., 1, 79-81.
22. Attema, J., Papathanasiou, P., Forsberg, E., Xu, J., Smale, S. and Weissman, I. (2007) Epigenetic characterization of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation using miniChIP and bisulfite sequencing analysis. Proc. Natl Acad Sci., 104, 12371-12376.
23. Weissman, I. (2005) Normal and neoplastic stem cells. Novartis Found. Symp., 265, 35-50.
24. Moore, K.L. and Persaud, T.V.N. (1998) Before We are Born, 5th edn. W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, PA.
25. Odorico, J.S., Kaufman, D.S. and Thomson, J.A. (2001) Multilineage differentiation from human embryonic stem cell lines. Stem Cells, 19, 193-204.
26. Mitalipova, M., Calhoun, J., Shin, S., Wininger, D., Schutz, T., Noggle, S., Venable, A., Lyons, L, Robins, A. and Stice, S. (2003) Human embryonic stem cell lines derived from discarded embryos. Stem Cells 21, 521-526.
27. Bodnar, M., Meneses, J., Rodriguez, R. and Firpo, M. (2004) Propagation and maintenance of undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells. Stem Cells Dev., 13, 243-253.
28. Chen, H., Qian, K., Hu, J., Liu, D., Lu, W., Yang, Y., Wang, D., Yan, H., Zhang, S. and Zhu, G. (2005) The derivation of two additional human embryonic stem cell lines from day 3 embryos with low morphological scores. Hum. Reprod., 20, 2201-2206.
29. Klimanskaya, I., Chung, Y., Becker, S., Lu, S. and Lanza, R. (2006) Human embryonic stem cell lines derived from single blastomeres. Nature, 444, 481-485.
30. Chung, Y., Klimanskaya, I., Becker, S., Li, T., Maserati, M., Lu, S.-J., Zdravkovic, T., Ilic, D., Genbacev, O., Fisher, S. et al. Human embryonic stem cell lines generated without embryo destruction. Cell Stem Cell, 2, 113-117.
31. Cowan, C., Klimanskaya, I., McMahon, J., Atienza, J., Witmyer, J., Zucker, J., Wang, S., Morton, C., McMahon, A., Powers, D. et al. (2004) Derivation of embryonic stem-cell lines from human blastocysts. N. Engl. J. Med., 350, 1353-1356.
32. Brivanlou, A.H., Gage, F.H., Jaenisch, R., Jessell, T., Melton, D. and Rossant, J. (2003) Setting standards for human embryonic stem cells. Science, 300, 913-916.
33. Pellettieri, J. and Alvarado, A. (2007) Cell turnover and adult tissue homeostasis: From humans to planarians. Ann. Rev. Genet., 41 83-105.
34. Boyer, L., Mathur, D. and Jaenisch, R. (2006) Molecular control of pluripotency. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev., 16, 455-462.
35. Kelly, S., Bliss, T., Shah, A., Sun, G., Ma, M., Foo, W., Masel, J., Yenari, M., Weissman, I., Uchida, N. et al. (2004) Transplanted human fetal neural stem cells survive, migrate, and differentiate in ischemic rat cerebral cortex. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci., 101, 11389-11344.
36. Reubinoff, B.E., Itsykson, P., Turetsky, T., Pera, M.F., Reinhartz, E., Itzik, A. and Ben-Hur, T. (2001) Neural progenitors from human embryonic stem cells. Nature Biotechnol., 19, 1134-1140.
37. Zhang, S.C., Wernig, M., Duncan, I.D., Brustle, O. and Thomson, J.A. (2001) In vitro differentiation of transplantable neural precursors from human embryonic stem cells. Nature Biotechnol., 19, 1129-1133.
38. Wilmut, I., Schnieke, A., McWir, J., Kind, A. and Campbell, K. (1997) Viable offspring derived from fetal and adult mammalian cells. Nature 385, 810-813.
39. Mitalipov, S. and Wolf, D. (2006) Nuclear transfer in nonhuman primates. Methods Mol. Biol., 348, 151-168.
40. Mitalipov, S., Yeoman, R., Nusser, K. and Wolf, D. (2002) Rhesus monkey embryos produced by nuclear transfer from embryonic blastomeres or somatic cells. Biol. Reprod., 66, 1367-1373.
41. French, A., Adams, C., Anderson, L., Kitchen, J., Hughes, M. and Wood, S. Development of human cloned blastocysts following somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) with adult fibroblasts. Stem Cells, 26 485-493.
42. Hwang, W., Roh, S., Lee, B., Kang, S., Kwon, D., Kim, S., Kim, S., Park, S., Kwon, H., Lee, C. et al. (2005) Patient-specific embryonic stem cells derived from human SCNT blastocysts. Science, 308 1777-1783.
43. Hwang, W., Ryu, Y., Park, J., Park, E., Lee, E., Koo, J., Jeon, H., Lee, B., Kang, S., Kim, S. et al. (2004) Evidence of a pluripotent human embryonic stem cell line derived from a cloned blastocyst. Science, 303, 1669-1674.
44. Kim, K., Ng, K., Rugg-Gunn, P., Shieh, J., Kirak, O., Jaenisch, R., Wakayama, T., Moore, M., Pedersen, R. and Daley, G. (2007) Recombination signatures distinguish embryonic stem cells derived by parthenogenesis and somatic cell nuclear transfer. Cell Stem Cell, 1, 346-352.
45. Revazova, E., Turovets, N., Kochetkova, O., Kindarova, L., Kuzmichev, L., Janus, J. and Pryzhkova, M. (2007) Patient-specific stem cell lines derived from human parthenogenetic blastocysts. Clon. Stem Cells, 9, 1-18.
46. Meissner, A. and Jaenisch, R. (2005) Generation of nuclear transfer-derived pluripotent ES cells from cloned Cdx2-deficient blastocysts. Nature, 439, 212-215.
47. Melton, D., Daley, G. and Jennings, C. (2004) Altered nuclear transfer in stem cell research: A flawed proposal. N. Engl. J. Med., 351 2791-2792.
48. Solter, D. (2004) Politically-correct human embryonic stem cells? N. Engl. J. Med., 353, 2321-2323.
49. Weissman, I. (2006) Politic stem cells. Nature, 439, 145-146:
50. Holm, S. The blastocyst transfer method cannot rescue human embryonic stem cell research. American Journal of Bioethics, 5, 20-21.
51. Scott, C. (2006) Advanced cell technology's new stem cell technique is no breakthrough. San Francisco Chronicle, 30 August.
52. Torres-Padilla, M., Parfitt, D., Kouzarides, T. and Zernicka-Goetz, M. (2007) Histone arginine methylation regulates pluripotency in the early mouse embryo. Nature, 445, 214-218.
53. Vogel, G. (2005) Embryologists polarized over early cell fate determination. Science, 308, 782-783.
54. Hiiragi, T., Louvet-Vallee, S., Solter, D. and Maro, B. (2006) Embryology: Does prepatterning occur in the mouse egg? Nature, 442, E3-E4.
55. Byrne, J., Pedersen, D., Clepper, L., Nelson, M., Sanger, W., Gokhale, S., Wolf, W. and Mitalipov, S. (2007) Producing primate embryonic stem cells by somatic cell nuclear transfer. Nature, 450, 497-502.
56. Egli, D., Rosains, J., Birkhoff, G. and Eggan, K. (2007) Developmental reprogramming after chromosome transfer into mitotic mouse zygotes. Nature, 447, 679-685.
57. McElroy, S., Kee, K., Tran, N., Menses, J., Guidice, L. and Reijo Pera, R.A. Developmental competence of immature and abnormally-fertilized human oocytes in nuclear transfer. Reprod. Biomed. Online, in press.
58. Coppi, P.D., Bartsch, G., Jr, Siddiqui, M., Xu, T., Santos, C., Perin, L., Mostoslavsky, G., Serre, A., Snyder, E., Yoo, J. et al. (2007) Isolation of amniotic stem cell lines with potential for therapy. Nature Biotechnol., 25, 100-106.
59. Falker, M. (2007) Risk-taking is in his genes. New York Times, 11 December.
60. Kolata, G. (2007) The man who helped start stem cell war may end it. New. York Times, 22 November.
61. Broekmans, F., Kwee, J., Hendriks, D., Mol, B. and Lambalk, C. (2006) A systematic review of tests predicting ovarian reserve and IVF outcome. Hum. Reprod Update, 12, 685-718.
62. Rizvi, J.H., Zuberi, N.F., Bliatti, S., Bana, M., Virk, S., Nadir, S., Kidwai, A. and Tahir, N. (2004) Assisted reproductive technology: experience with IVF/ICSI. J. Coll. Physicians Surg. Pak, 14, 270-273.
63. Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2004) Assisted reproductive technology success rates; National summary and fertility clinic reports (2004). Atlanta, GA. p. http://ftp.ede.gov/pub/Publicafions/art/ 2004ART508.pdf.
64. Alikani, M., Cohen, J., Tomkin, G., Garrisi, G., Mack, C. and Scott, R. (1999) Human embryo fragmentation in vitro and its implications for pregnancy and implantation. Fertil. Steril., 71, 836-842.
65. Dobson, A., Raja, R., Abeyta, M., Taylor, T., Shen, S., Haqq, C. and Reijo Pera, R.A. (2004) The unique transcriptome through day 3 of human preimplantation development. Hum. Mol. Genet., 13, 1461-1470.
66. Milki, A., Hinckley, M., Fisch, J., Dasig, D. and Behr, B. (2000) Comparison of blastocyst transfer with day 3 embryo transfer in similar patient populations. Fertil. Steril., 73, 126-129.
67. Milki, A.A., Hinckley, M.D., Gebhardt, J., Dasig, D., Westphal, L.M. and Behr, B. (2002) Accuracy of day 3 criteria for selecting the best embryos. Fertil. Steril., 77, 1191-1195.
68. Racowsky, C. (2002) High rates of embryonic loss, yet high incidence of multiple births in human ART: Is this paradoxical? Theriogenology, 57, 87-96.
69. Racowsky, C., Jackson, K., Cekleniak, N., Fox, J., Hornstein, M. and Ginsburg, E. (2000) The number of eight-cell embryos is a key determinant for selecting day 3 or day 5 transfer. Fertil. Steril. 73, 558-566.
70. Rijinders, P.M. and Jansen, C.A.M. (1998) The predictive value of day 3 embryo morphology regarding blastocyst formation, pregnancy, and implantation rate after day 5 transfer following in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Hum. Reprod., 13, 2869-2873.
71. Lan, K., Huang, F., Lin, Y., Kung, F.T., Hsieh, C.H., Huang, H.W., Tan, P.H. and Chang, S.Y. (2003) The predictive value of using a combined Z-score and day 3 embryo morphology score in the assessment of embryo survival on day 5. Hum. Reprod., 18, 1299-1306.
72. Schieve, L., Meikle, S., Ferre, C., Peterson, H., Jeng, G. and Wilcox, L. (2002) Low and very low birth weight in infants conceived with use of assisted reproductive technology. N. Engl. J. Med., 346, 731-737.
73. Gicquel, C., Gaston, V., Mandelbaum, J., Siffroi, J., Flahault, A. and Bouc, Y.L. (2003) In vitro fertilization may increase the risk of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome related to the abnormal imprinting of the KCN10T gene. Am. J. Hum. Genet., 72, 1338-1341.
74. Orstavik, K., Eiklid, K., Hagen, C.v.d., Spetalen, S., Kierulf, K., Skjeldal, O. and Buiting, K. (2003) Another case of imprinting defect in a girl with Angelman syndrome who was conceived by intracytoplasmic semen injection. Am. J. Hum. Genet., 72, 218-219.
75. Marques, C., Carvalho, F., Sousa, M. and Barros, A. (2004) Genomic imprinting in disruptive spermatogenesis. Lancet, 363, 1700-1702.
76. Louis, G., Schisterman, E., Dukic, V. and Schieve, L. (2004) Research hurdles complicating the analysis of infertility treatment and child health. Hum. Reprod. Update Adv., 20, 12-18.
77. Horsthemke, B. and Ludwig, M. (2005) Assisted reproduction: The epigenetic perspective. Hum. Reprod. Update Adv., 11, 473-482.
78. Causio, F., Fischetto, R., Sarcina, E., Geusa, S. and Tartagni, M. (2002) Chromosome analysis of spontaneous abortions after in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol., 105, 44-48.
79. Allegrucci, C., Denning, C., Priddle, H. and Young, L. (2004) Stem-cell consequences of embryo epigenetic defects. Lancet, 364, 206-208.
80. Jonas, H. (1984) The Imperative of Responsibility: In Search of Ethics for the Technological Age. University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London.
81. Holland, S., Lebacqz, K. and Zoloth, L. (2001) The Human Embryonic Stem Cell Debate: Science, Ethics and Public Policy. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
82. Jones, A. and Mclellan, F. (2000) Ethical Issues in Biomedical Publication. Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore and London.