메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 10, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 237-244

Multiple neurologic, psychiatric, and endocrine complaints in a young woman: A case discussion and review of the clinical features and management of mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTICONVULSIVE AGENT; ARGININE; ASCORBIC ACID; CARBAMAZEPINE; CARNITINE; CORTICOSTEROID; CREATINE; CYTOCHROME C; DICHLOROACETIC ACID; GABAPENTIN; HUMANIN; IDEBENONE; LAMOTRIGINE; LORAZEPAM; NICOTINAMIDE; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; NORPHENAZONE; PHENYTOIN; RIBOFLAVIN; SUMATRIPTAN; THIAMINE; THIOCTIC ACID; UBIDECARENONE; VITAMIN B COMPLEX; VITAMIN K GROUP; ZONISAMIDE;

EID: 45849084212     PISSN: 15235998     EISSN: 1555211X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4088/PCC.v10n0309     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (9)

References (72)
  • 1
    • 34548218295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homoplasmy, heteroplasmy, and mitochondrial dystonia
    • McFarland R, Chinnery PF, Blakely EL, et al. Homoplasmy, heteroplasmy, and mitochondrial dystonia. Neurology 2007;69(9):911-916
    • (2007) Neurology , vol.69 , Issue.9 , pp. 911-916
    • McFarland, R.1    Chinnery, P.F.2    Blakely, E.L.3
  • 2
    • 36849091403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial disease: A practical approach for primary care physicians
    • Haas RH, Parikh S, Falk MJ, et al. Mitochondrial disease: a practical approach for primary care physicians. Pediatrics 2007;120(6):1326-1333
    • (2007) Pediatrics , vol.120 , Issue.6 , pp. 1326-1333
    • Haas, R.H.1    Parikh, S.2    Falk, M.J.3
  • 3
    • 85036932366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Approach to the patient with neurologic disease
    • Kasper DL, Braunwald E, Hauser S, eds, 16th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill
    • Martin JB, Lowenstein DH, Hauser SL. Approach to the patient with neurologic disease. In: Kasper DL, Braunwald E, Hauser S, eds. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. 16th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2005
    • (2005) Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine
    • Martin, J.B.1    Lowenstein, D.H.2    Hauser, S.L.3
  • 4
    • 7244239195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial neurological diseases: A clinician's perspective
    • Venna N. Mitochondrial neurological diseases: a clinician's perspective. Neurol India 2004;52(3):305-306
    • (2004) Neurol India , vol.52 , Issue.3 , pp. 305-306
    • Venna, N.1
  • 5
    • 0033452870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dystonia as a presenting feature of the 3243 mitochondrial DNA mutation
    • Sudarsky L, Plotkin GM, Logigian EL, et al. Dystonia as a presenting feature of the 3243 mitochondrial DNA mutation. Mov Disord 1999; 14(3):488-491
    • (1999) Mov Disord , vol.14 , Issue.3 , pp. 488-491
    • Sudarsky, L.1    Plotkin, G.M.2    Logigian, E.L.3
  • 6
    • 45849097756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Movement disorders
    • Simon RP, Aminoff MJ, Greenberg DA, eds, 5th ed. Stamford, Conn: Appleton & Lange;
    • Simon RP, Aminoff MJ, Greenberg DA. Movement disorders. In: Simon RP, Aminoff MJ, Greenberg DA, eds. Clinical Neurology. 5th ed. Stamford, Conn: Appleton & Lange; 2002:233-243
    • (2002) Clinical Neurology , pp. 233-243
    • Simon, R.P.1    Aminoff, M.J.2    Greenberg, D.A.3
  • 7
    • 22144478637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reappraisal of Lhermitte's sign in multiple sclerosis
    • Al-Araji AH, Oger J. Reappraisal of Lhermitte's sign in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 2005;11(4):398-402
    • (2005) Mult Scler , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. 398-402
    • Al-Araji, A.H.1    Oger, J.2
  • 8
    • 16844383364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the patient with muscle weakness
    • Saguil A. Evaluation of the patient with muscle weakness. Am Fam Physician 2005;71(7):1327-1336
    • (2005) Am Fam Physician , vol.71 , Issue.7 , pp. 1327-1336
    • Saguil, A.1
  • 9
    • 35549013816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic fatigue syndrome: Evaluation and treatment
    • Craig T, Kakumanu S. Chronic fatigue syndrome: evaluation and treatment. Am Fam Physician 2002;65(6):1083-1090
    • (2002) Am Fam Physician , vol.65 , Issue.6 , pp. 1083-1090
    • Craig, T.1    Kakumanu, S.2
  • 10
    • 84940663150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available at:, Accessed Jan 30, 2008
    • Winfield J. Fibromyalgia. Available at: http://www.emedicine.com/med/ topic790.htm. Accessed Jan 30, 2008
    • Fibromyalgia
    • Winfield, J.1
  • 12
    • 29544452512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factitious disorders: Reformulating the DSM-IV criteria
    • Turner MA. Factitious disorders: reformulating the DSM-IV criteria. Psychosomatics 2006;47(1):23-32
    • (2006) Psychosomatics , vol.47 , Issue.1 , pp. 23-32
    • Turner, M.A.1
  • 13
    • 0031791066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis of "non-organic" limb paresis by a novel objective motor assessment: The quantitative Hoover's test
    • Ziv I, Djaldetti R, Zoldan Y, et al. Diagnosis of "non-organic" limb paresis by a novel objective motor assessment: the quantitative Hoover's test. J Neurol 1998;245(12):797-802
    • (1998) J Neurol , vol.245 , Issue.12 , pp. 797-802
    • Ziv, I.1    Djaldetti, R.2    Zoldan, Y.3
  • 14
    • 0345863899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abductor sign: A reliable new sign to detect unilateral non-organic paresis of the lower limb
    • Sonoo M. Abductor sign: a reliable new sign to detect unilateral non-organic paresis of the lower limb. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2004;75(1):121-125
    • (2004) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.75 , Issue.1 , pp. 121-125
    • Sonoo, M.1
  • 15
    • 0344417167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pregnancy with mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and strokelike episodes syndrome
    • May;
    • Kovilam OP, Cahill W, Siddiqi TA. Pregnancy with mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and strokelike episodes syndrome. Obstet Gynecol 1999 May;93(5, pt 2):853
    • (1999) Obstet Gynecol , vol.93 , Issue.5 and PART 2 , pp. 853
    • Kovilam, O.P.1    Cahill, W.2    Siddiqi, T.A.3
  • 16
    • 34247849275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statins provoking MELAS syndrome: A case report
    • Thomas JE, Lee N, Thompson PD. Statins provoking MELAS syndrome: a case report. Eur Neurol 2007;57(4):232-235
    • (2007) Eur Neurol , vol.57 , Issue.4 , pp. 232-235
    • Thomas, J.E.1    Lee, N.2    Thompson, P.D.3
  • 17
    • 33847632882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Valproic acid aggravates epilepsy due to MELAS in a patient with an A3243g mutation of mitochondrial DNA
    • Lin CM, Thajeb P. Valproic acid aggravates epilepsy due to MELAS in a patient with an A3243g mutation of mitochondrial DNA. Metab Brain Dis 2007;22(1):105-109
    • (2007) Metab Brain Dis , vol.22 , Issue.1 , pp. 105-109
    • Lin, C.M.1    Thajeb, P.2
  • 19
    • 34948867248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence, segregation, and phenotype of the mitochondrial DNA 3243A >G mutation in children
    • Uusimaa J, Moilanen JS, Vainonpaa L, et al. Prevalence, segregation, and phenotype of the mitochondrial DNA 3243A >G mutation in children. Ann Neurol 2007;62(3):278-287
    • (2007) Ann Neurol , vol.62 , Issue.3 , pp. 278-287
    • Uusimaa, J.1    Moilanen, J.S.2    Vainonpaa, L.3
  • 20
    • 34848853169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available at:, Accessed Jan 30, 2008
    • Scaglia F. MELAS syndrome. Available at: http://www.emedicine.com/PED/ topic1406.htm. Accessed Jan 30, 2008
    • MELAS syndrome
    • Scaglia, F.1
  • 21
    • 33947278405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population prevalence of the MELAS A3243G mutation
    • Manwaring N, Jones MM, Wang JJ, et al. Population prevalence of the MELAS A3243G mutation. Mitochondrion 2007;7(3):230-233
    • (2007) Mitochondrion , vol.7 , Issue.3 , pp. 230-233
    • Manwaring, N.1    Jones, M.M.2    Wang, J.J.3
  • 22
    • 39049156470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of mitochondrial DNA disease in adults
    • Jan;
    • Schaefer AM, McFarland R, Blakely EL, et al. Prevalence of mitochondrial DNA disease in adults. Ann Neurol 2008 Jan;63(1):35-39
    • (2008) Ann Neurol , vol.63 , Issue.1 , pp. 35-39
    • Schaefer, A.M.1    McFarland, R.2    Blakely, E.L.3
  • 23
    • 22044458628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High prevalence of the COII/ tRNA (Lys) intergenic 9-bp deletion in mitochondrial DNA of Taiwanese patients with MELAS or MERRF syndrome
    • Liu CS, Cheng WL, Chen YY, et al. High prevalence of the COII/ tRNA (Lys) intergenic 9-bp deletion in mitochondrial DNA of Taiwanese patients with MELAS or MERRF syndrome. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2005;1042:82-87
    • (2005) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.1042 , pp. 82-87
    • Liu, C.S.1    Cheng, W.L.2    Chen, Y.Y.3
  • 24
    • 38949209630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of unrecognized low-level mtDNA heteroplasmy may explain the variable phenotypic expressivity of apparently homoplasmic mtDNA mutations
    • Ballana E, Govea N, de Cid R, et al. Detection of unrecognized low-level mtDNA heteroplasmy may explain the variable phenotypic expressivity of apparently homoplasmic mtDNA mutations. Hum Mut 2008;29(2):248-257
    • (2008) Hum Mut , vol.29 , Issue.2 , pp. 248-257
    • Ballana, E.1    Govea, N.2    de Cid, R.3
  • 25
    • 0003435036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurology in Clinical Practice
    • 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Butterworth/Heinemann;
    • Bradley WG, Daroff RB, Fenichel GM, et al. Neurology in Clinical Practice: Volume II: The Neurological Disorders. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Butterworth/Heinemann; 2004: 1837
    • (2004) The Neurological Disorders , vol.2 , pp. 1837
    • Bradley, W.G.1    Daroff, R.B.2    Fenichel, G.M.3
  • 26
    • 34249829899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional cerebral blood flow and cerebrovascular reactivity during chronic stage of stroke-like episodes in MELAS: Implication of neurovascular cellular mechanism
    • Jun;
    • Iizuka T, Sakai F, Ide T, et al. Regional cerebral blood flow and cerebrovascular reactivity during chronic stage of stroke-like episodes in MELAS: implication of neurovascular cellular mechanism. J Neurol Sci 2007 Jun;257(1-2):126-138
    • (2007) J Neurol Sci , vol.257 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 126-138
    • Iizuka, T.1    Sakai, F.2    Ide, T.3
  • 27
    • 0242494492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Slowly progressive spread of the stroke-like lesions in MELAS
    • Iiuzuka T, Sakai F, Kan S, et al. Slowly progressive spread of the stroke-like lesions in MELAS. Neurology 2003;61(9):1238-1244
    • (2003) Neurology , vol.61 , Issue.9 , pp. 1238-1244
    • Iiuzuka, T.1    Sakai, F.2    Kan, S.3
  • 28
    • 4744349655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymorphism of epilepsy associated with the A3243G mutation of mitochondrial DNA (MELAS): Reasons for delayed diagnosis
    • Durand-Dubief F, Ryvlin P, Mauguiere F. Polymorphism of epilepsy associated with the A3243G mutation of mitochondrial DNA (MELAS): reasons for delayed diagnosis. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2004;160(8-9):824-829
    • (2004) Rev Neurol (Paris) , vol.160 , Issue.8-9 , pp. 824-829
    • Durand-Dubief, F.1    Ryvlin, P.2    Mauguiere, F.3
  • 30
    • 35048818019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute hearing loss in a patient with mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS)
    • Chen JC, Tsai TC, Liu CS, et al. Acute hearing loss in a patient with mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS). Acta Neurol Taiwan 2007;16(3):168-172
    • (2007) Acta Neurol Taiwan , vol.16 , Issue.3 , pp. 168-172
    • Chen, J.C.1    Tsai, T.C.2    Liu, C.S.3
  • 31
    • 34247108198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ocular motor disorders in mitochondrial encephalopathy with lactic acid and stroke-like episodes with the 3271 (T-C) point mutation in mitochondrial DNA
    • Shinmei Y, Kase M, Suzuki Y, et al. Ocular motor disorders in mitochondrial encephalopathy with lactic acid and stroke-like episodes with the 3271 (T-C) point mutation in mitochondrial DNA. J Neuroopthalmol 2007;27(1):22-28
    • (2007) J Neuroopthalmol , vol.27 , Issue.1 , pp. 22-28
    • Shinmei, Y.1    Kase, M.2    Suzuki, Y.3
  • 32
    • 0036118219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The course of vision disturbances in a patient with the MELAS syndrome
    • Pachalska M, DiMauro S, Forminska-Kapuscik M, et al. The course of vision disturbances in a patient with the MELAS syndrome. Med Sci Monit 2002;8(2):CS11-CS20
    • (2002) Med Sci Monit , vol.8 , Issue.2
    • Pachalska, M.1    DiMauro, S.2    Forminska-Kapuscik, M.3
  • 33
    • 0036837742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MELAS: A neuropsychological and radiological follow-up study: mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke
    • Sartor H, Loose R, Tucha O, et al. MELAS: a neuropsychological and radiological follow-up study: mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke. Acta Neurol Scand 2002;106(5):309-313
    • (2002) Acta Neurol Scand , vol.106 , Issue.5 , pp. 309-313
    • Sartor, H.1    Loose, R.2    Tucha, O.3
  • 34
    • 0033957295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurologic presentations of mitochondrial disorders
    • Nissenkorn A, Zeharia A, Lev D, et al. Neurologic presentations of mitochondrial disorders. J Child Neurol 2000;15(1):44-48
    • (2000) J Child Neurol , vol.15 , Issue.1 , pp. 44-48
    • Nissenkorn, A.1    Zeharia, A.2    Lev, D.3
  • 35
    • 0023768385 scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial myopathies with necrotizing encephalopathy of the Leigh type
    • Peiffer J, Kustermann-Kuhn B, Mortier W, et al. Mitochondrial myopathies with necrotizing encephalopathy of the Leigh type. Pathol Res Pract 1988;183(6):706-716
    • (1988) Pathol Res Pract , vol.183 , Issue.6 , pp. 706-716
    • Peiffer, J.1    Kustermann-Kuhn, B.2    Mortier, W.3
  • 36
    • 33947323155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early cardiac involvement in children carrying the A3243G mtDNA mutation
    • Wortmann SB, Rodenburg RJ, Backx AP, et al. Early cardiac involvement in children carrying the A3243G mtDNA mutation. Acta Paediatr 2007;96(3):450-451
    • (2007) Acta Paediatr , vol.96 , Issue.3 , pp. 450-451
    • Wortmann, S.B.1    Rodenburg, R.J.2    Backx, A.P.3
  • 37
    • 52949138204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hsu PC, Chu CS, Lin TH, et al. Adult-onset hypertrophic cardiomyopathy manifested as initial major presentation of mitochondrial disease with A-to-G 3243 tRNA (Leu (UUR)) point mutation. Int J Cardiol 2007 Aug 10 [epub ahead of print]
    • Hsu PC, Chu CS, Lin TH, et al. Adult-onset hypertrophic cardiomyopathy manifested as initial major presentation of mitochondrial disease with A-to-G 3243 tRNA (Leu (UUR)) point mutation. Int J Cardiol 2007 Aug 10 [epub ahead of print]
  • 38
    • 33745527514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lactate increase and oxygen desaturation in mitochondrial disorders: Evaluation of two diagnostic screening protocols
    • Hanisch F, Muller T, Muser A, et al. Lactate increase and oxygen desaturation in mitochondrial disorders: evaluation of two diagnostic screening protocols. J Neurol 2006;253(4):417-423
    • (2006) J Neurol , vol.253 , Issue.4 , pp. 417-423
    • Hanisch, F.1    Muller, T.2    Muser, A.3
  • 39
    • 36049037261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Camacho DL, Castillo M. MR Imaging of temporal lobe epilepsy. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2007;28(6):424-436
    • Camacho DL, Castillo M. MR Imaging of temporal lobe epilepsy. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2007;28(6):424-436
  • 40
    • 0033837143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebral blood flow and glucose metabolism in mitochondrial disorders
    • Molnar MJ, Valikovics A, Molnar S, et al. Cerebral blood flow and glucose metabolism in mitochondrial disorders. Neurology 2000;55(4):544-548
    • (2000) Neurology , vol.55 , Issue.4 , pp. 544-548
    • Molnar, M.J.1    Valikovics, A.2    Molnar, S.3
  • 41
    • 0032507974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism before and after a stroke-like episode in patients with mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS)
    • Takahashi S, Tohgi H, Yonezawa H, et al. Cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism before and after a stroke-like episode in patients with mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS). J Neurol Sci 1998;158(1):58-64
    • (1998) J Neurol Sci , vol.158 , Issue.1 , pp. 58-64
    • Takahashi, S.1    Tohgi, H.2    Yonezawa, H.3
  • 42
    • 0028817051 scopus 로고
    • MELAS syndrome: Imaging and proton MR spectroscopic findings
    • Castillo M, Kwock L, Green C. MELAS syndrome: imaging and proton MR spectroscopic findings. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1995; 16(2):233-239
    • (1995) AJNR Am J Neuroradiol , vol.16 , Issue.2 , pp. 233-239
    • Castillo, M.1    Kwock, L.2    Green, C.3
  • 43
    • 0026017297 scopus 로고
    • N-isopropyl-p-[123I] iodoamphetamine SPECT in MELAS syndrome: Comparison with CT and MR imaging
    • Satoh M, Ishikawa N, Yoshizawa T, et al. N-isopropyl-p-[123I] iodoamphetamine SPECT in MELAS syndrome: comparison with CT and MR imaging. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1991;15(1):77-82
    • (1991) J Comput Assist Tomogr , vol.15 , Issue.1 , pp. 77-82
    • Satoh, M.1    Ishikawa, N.2    Yoshizawa, T.3
  • 44
    • 20544441278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathology of mitochondrial encephalomyopathies
    • Sarnat HB, Marin-Garcia J. Pathology of mitochondrial encephalomyopathies. Can J Neurol Sci 2005;32(2):152-166
    • (2005) Can J Neurol Sci , vol.32 , Issue.2 , pp. 152-166
    • Sarnat, H.B.1    Marin-Garcia, J.2
  • 45
    • 0033990284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased activities of antioxidant enzymes and decreased ATP concentration in cultured myoblasts with the 3243A-G mutation in mitochondrial DNA
    • Rusanen H, Maiamaa K, Hassinen IE. Increased activities of antioxidant enzymes and decreased ATP concentration in cultured myoblasts with the 3243A-G mutation in mitochondrial DNA. Biochim Biophys Acta 2000;1500(1):10-16
    • (2000) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1500 , Issue.1 , pp. 10-16
    • Rusanen, H.1    Maiamaa, K.2    Hassinen, I.E.3
  • 46
    • 23744438129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial DNA sequence analysis of patients with quot;atypical psychosis.quot
    • Kazuno AA, Munakata K, Mori K, et al. Mitochondrial DNA sequence analysis of patients with quot;atypical psychosis.quot; Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2005;59(4):497-503
    • (2005) Psychiatry Clin Neurosci , vol.59 , Issue.4 , pp. 497-503
    • Kazuno, A.A.1    Munakata, K.2    Mori, K.3
  • 47
    • 14644414173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial DNA 3243A>G mutation and increased expression of LARS2 gene in the brains of patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia
    • Munakata K, Iwamoto K, Bundo M, et al. Mitochondrial DNA 3243A>G mutation and increased expression of LARS2 gene in the brains of patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 2005;57(5):525-532
    • (2005) Biol Psychiatry , vol.57 , Issue.5 , pp. 525-532
    • Munakata, K.1    Iwamoto, K.2    Bundo, M.3
  • 48
    • 34447132960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychiatric comorbidity in 26 adults in mitochondrial cytopathies
    • Fattal O, Link J, Quinn K, et al. Psychiatric comorbidity in 26 adults in mitochondrial cytopathies. CNS Spectr 2007;12(6):429-438
    • (2007) CNS Spectr , vol.12 , Issue.6 , pp. 429-438
    • Fattal, O.1    Link, J.2    Quinn, K.3
  • 49
    • 45849135045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A neuropsychiatric presentation of mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes
    • Kim HG, Schmahmann J, Sims KB, et al. A neuropsychiatric presentation of mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes. Psychiatry+Med 1999;2:3-9
    • (1999) Psychiatry+Med , vol.2 , pp. 3-9
    • Kim, H.G.1    Schmahmann, J.2    Sims, K.B.3
  • 50
    • 29544442825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of the literature on major mental disorders in adult patients with mitochondrial disease
    • Fattal O, Budur K, Vaughan AJ, et al. Review of the literature on major mental disorders in adult patients with mitochondrial disease. Psychosomatics 2006;47(1):1-7
    • (2006) Psychosomatics , vol.47 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-7
    • Fattal, O.1    Budur, K.2    Vaughan, A.J.3
  • 51
    • 0030717547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychiatric symptoms in a patient with diabetes mellitus associated with point mutation in mitochondrial DNA
    • Takuji I, Ishino H, Seno H, et al. Psychiatric symptoms in a patient with diabetes mellitus associated with point mutation in mitochondrial DNA. Biol Psychiatry 1997;42(11):1067-1069
    • (1997) Biol Psychiatry , vol.42 , Issue.11 , pp. 1067-1069
    • Takuji, I.1    Ishino, H.2    Seno, H.3
  • 52
    • 0025908312 scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic effect of sodium dichloroacetate on visual and auditory hallucinations in a patient with MELAS
    • Saijo T, Naito E, Ito M, et al. Therapeutic effect of sodium dichloroacetate on visual and auditory hallucinations in a patient with MELAS. Neuropediatrics 1991;22(3):166-167
    • (1991) Neuropediatrics , vol.22 , Issue.3 , pp. 166-167
    • Saijo, T.1    Naito, E.2    Ito, M.3
  • 53
    • 1642512286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistent organic personality change as rare psychiatric manifestation of MELAS syndrome
    • Koller H, Kornischka J, Neuen-Jacob E, et al. Persistent organic personality change as rare psychiatric manifestation of MELAS syndrome. J Neurol 2003;250(12):1501-1502
    • (2003) J Neurol , vol.250 , Issue.12 , pp. 1501-1502
    • Koller, H.1    Kornischka, J.2    Neuen-Jacob, E.3
  • 54
    • 29144521832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heart transplantation for progressive cardiomyopathy as a manifestation of MELAS syndrome
    • Bhati RS, Sheridan BC, Mill MR, et al. Heart transplantation for progressive cardiomyopathy as a manifestation of MELAS syndrome. J Heart Lung Transplant 2005;24(12):2286-2289
    • (2005) J Heart Lung Transplant , vol.24 , Issue.12 , pp. 2286-2289
    • Bhati, R.S.1    Sheridan, B.C.2    Mill, M.R.3
  • 55
    • 0038813819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of cochlear implantation in mitochondrial sensorineural hearing loss
    • Sinnathuray AR, Raut V, Awa A, et al. A review of cochlear implantation in mitochondrial sensorineural hearing loss. Otol Neurotol 2003;24(3):418-426
    • (2003) Otol Neurotol , vol.24 , Issue.3 , pp. 418-426
    • Sinnathuray, A.R.1    Raut, V.2    Awa, A.3
  • 56
    • 33744823262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mitochondrial myopathy encephalopathy, lactic acidosis with stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome: A review of treatment options
    • Scaglia F, Northrop JL. The mitochondrial myopathy encephalopathy, lactic acidosis with stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome: a review of treatment options. CNS Drugs 2006;20(6):443-464
    • (2006) CNS Drugs , vol.20 , Issue.6 , pp. 443-464
    • Scaglia, F.1    Northrop, J.L.2
  • 57
    • 33746816193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dichloroacetate causes toxic neuropathy in MELAS: A randomized, controlled clinical trial
    • Savolainen H. Dichloroacetate causes toxic neuropathy in MELAS: a randomized, controlled clinical trial. Neurology 2006;67(1):184
    • (2006) Neurology , vol.67 , Issue.1 , pp. 184
    • Savolainen, H.1
  • 58
    • 33847643298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MELAS and L-arginine therapy
    • Koga Y, Akita Y, Nishioka J, et al. MELAS and L-arginine therapy. Mitochondrion 2007;7(1-2):133-139
    • (2007) Mitochondrion , vol.7 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 133-139
    • Koga, Y.1    Akita, Y.2    Nishioka, J.3
  • 59
    • 0037278982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of midazolam on acute stroke in two patients with mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes
    • Ohtsu M, Nakano K, Maeda Y, et al. Effects of midazolam on acute stroke in two patients with mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes. No To Hattatsu 2003;35(1):71-74
    • (2003) No To Hattatsu , vol.35 , Issue.1 , pp. 71-74
    • Ohtsu, M.1    Nakano, K.2    Maeda, Y.3
  • 60
    • 23444434131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A case of stroke-like episode of MELAS of which progressive spread would be prevented by edaravone
    • Maeda K, Tatsumi M, Tahara M, et al. A case of stroke-like episode of MELAS of which progressive spread would be prevented by edaravone. Rinsho Shikeigaku 2005;45(6):416-421
    • (2005) Rinsho Shikeigaku , vol.45 , Issue.6 , pp. 416-421
    • Maeda, K.1    Tatsumi, M.2    Tahara, M.3
  • 61
    • 0042932706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response to sumatriptan in headache of MELAS syndrome
    • Iizuka T, Sakai F, Endo M, et al. Response to sumatriptan in headache of MELAS syndrome. Neurology 2003;61(4):577-578
    • (2003) Neurology , vol.61 , Issue.4 , pp. 577-578
    • Iizuka, T.1    Sakai, F.2    Endo, M.3
  • 62
    • 0036742661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticosteroid treatment of mitochondrial encephalomyopathies
    • Rossi FH, Okun M, Yachnis A, et al. Corticosteroid treatment of mitochondrial encephalomyopathies. Neurologist 2002;8(5):313-315
    • (2002) Neurologist , vol.8 , Issue.5 , pp. 313-315
    • Rossi, F.H.1    Okun, M.2    Yachnis, A.3
  • 63
    • 0037231131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of creatine monohydrate in mitochondrial encephalomyopathies
    • Komura K, Hobbiebrunken E, Willichowski EK, et al. Effectiveness of creatine monohydrate in mitochondrial encephalomyopathies. Pediatr Neurol 2003;28(1):53-58
    • (2003) Pediatr Neurol , vol.28 , Issue.1 , pp. 53-58
    • Komura, K.1    Hobbiebrunken, E.2    Willichowski, E.K.3
  • 64
    • 0029834971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Idebenone improves cerebral mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in a patient with MELAS
    • Ikejiri Y, Mori E, Ishii K, et al. Idebenone improves cerebral mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in a patient with MELAS. Neurology 1996;47(2):583-585
    • (1996) Neurology , vol.47 , Issue.2 , pp. 583-585
    • Ikejiri, Y.1    Mori, E.2    Ishii, K.3
  • 65
    • 0034443753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term treatment with idebenone and riboflavin in a patient with MELAS
    • Napolitano A, Salvetti S, Vista M, et al. Long-term treatment with idebenone and riboflavin in a patient with MELAS. Neurol Sci 2000;21(suppl 5):S981-S982
    • (2000) Neurol Sci , vol.21 , Issue.SUPPL. 5
    • Napolitano, A.1    Salvetti, S.2    Vista, M.3
  • 66
    • 0030853576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic interventions against complex I deficiency in MELAS syndrome
    • Majamaa K, Rusanen H, Remes A, et al. Metabolic interventions against complex I deficiency in MELAS syndrome. Mol Cell Biochem 1997;174(1-2):291-296
    • (1997) Mol Cell Biochem , vol.174 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 291-296
    • Majamaa, K.1    Rusanen, H.2    Remes, A.3
  • 67
    • 0030974794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with a combination of cytochrome C and vitamins B1 and B2
    • Tanaka J, Nagai T, Arai H, et al. Treatment of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with a combination of cytochrome C and vitamins B1 and B2. Brain Dev 1997;19(4):262-267
    • (1997) Brain Dev , vol.19 , Issue.4 , pp. 262-267
    • Tanaka, J.1    Nagai, T.2    Arai, H.3
  • 68
    • 0029135075 scopus 로고
    • CPEO and carnitine deficiency overlapping in MELAS syndrome
    • Hsu CC, Chang YH, Tsai JL, et al. CPEO and carnitine deficiency overlapping in MELAS syndrome. Acta Neurol Scand 1995;92(3):252-255
    • (1995) Acta Neurol Scand , vol.92 , Issue.3 , pp. 252-255
    • Hsu, C.C.1    Chang, Y.H.2    Tsai, J.L.3
  • 69
    • 33847000236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beneficial effects of creatine, CoQ10, and lipoic acid in mitochondrial disorders
    • Rodriguez MC, MacDonald JR, Mahoney DJ, et al. Beneficial effects of creatine, CoQ10, and lipoic acid in mitochondrial disorders. Muscle Nerve 2007;35(2):235-242
    • (2007) Muscle Nerve , vol.35 , Issue.2 , pp. 235-242
    • Rodriguez, M.C.1    MacDonald, J.R.2    Mahoney, D.J.3
  • 70
    • 4344684797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Berbel-Garcia A, Barbera-Farre JR, Etessam JP, et al. Coenzyme Q10 improves lactice acidosis, strokelike episodes, and epilepsy in a patient with MELAS (mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and strokelike episodes. Clin Neuropharmacol 2004;27(4):187-191
    • Berbel-Garcia A, Barbera-Farre JR, Etessam JP, et al. Coenzyme Q10 improves lactice acidosis, strokelike episodes, and epilepsy in a patient with MELAS (mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and strokelike episodes. Clin Neuropharmacol 2004;27(4):187-191
  • 71
    • 85036949464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Muscular Dystrophy Association Clinical-Research Chat message board, Available at:, Accessed Jan 20, 2008
    • Muscular Dystrophy Association Clinical-Research Chat (message board). Available at: http://database.azstarnet.com/html/mda/transcripts/20020515MDA- Clinic-Research.html. Accessed Jan 20, 2008
  • 72
    • 0036420547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene therapy for mitochondrial disease by delivering restriction endonuclease SmaI into mitochondria
    • Tanaka M, Borgeld H, Zhang J, et al. Gene therapy for mitochondrial disease by delivering restriction endonuclease SmaI into mitochondria. J Biomed Sci 2002;9(6):534-541
    • (2002) J Biomed Sci , vol.9 , Issue.6 , pp. 534-541
    • Tanaka, M.1    Borgeld, H.2    Zhang, J.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.