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Volumn 64, Issue 29, 2008, Pages 6838-6852

Stereoselective synthesis of imidazolidin-2-ones via Pd-catalyzed alkene carboamination. Scope and limitations

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

3 ETHYL 1 METHYL 4 (NAPHTHALEN 1 YLMETHYL)IMIDAZOLIDIN 2 ONE; 3 ETHYL 1 METHYL 4 (NAPHTHALEN 2 YLMETHYL) IMIDAZOLIDIN 2 ONE; 3 ETHYL 4 (4 METHYLBENZYL) 1 PHENYLIMIDAZOLIDIN 2 ONE; 3 ETHYL 4 (NAPHTHALEN 2 YLMETHYL) 1 PHENYLIMIDAZOLIDIN 2 ONE; 3 ETHYL 4 METHYL 1 PHENYL 1,3 DIHYDROIMIDAZOL 2 ONE; 4 (4 TERT BUTYLBENZYL) 3 ETHYL 1 METHYLIMIDAZOLIDIN 2 ONE; IMIDAZOLIDIN 2 ONE; IMIDAZOLIDINE DERIVATIVE; ISOCYANATE;

EID: 44949263787     PISSN: 00404020     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.04.015     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (40)

References (100)
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    • For synthesis of imidazolidin-2-ones via ring expansion reactions of aziridines, see Ref. 7. See also:
    • For synthesis of imidazolidin-2-ones via ring expansion reactions of aziridines, see Ref. 7. See also:
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    • For synthesis of imidazolidin-2-ones via iodocyclization of N-allylureas, see:
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    • For synthesis of imidazolidin-2-ones via alkene diamination, see:
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    • For synthesis of imidazolidin-2-ones via intramolecular alkane C-H bond functionalization, see:. Kim M., Mulcahy J.V., Espino C.G., and Du Bois J. Org. Lett. 8 (2006) 1073-1076
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    • For synthesis of imidazolidin-2-ones via intramolecular N-arylation of N-(2-haloraryl)ureas, see:
    • For synthesis of imidazolidin-2-ones via intramolecular N-arylation of N-(2-haloraryl)ureas, see:
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    • For related Pd-catalyzed carboamination reactions between aryl/alkenyl halides and unsaturated amines that generate pyrrolidine products, see:
  • 59
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    • For related Pd-catalyzed carboamination or carboetherification reactions that generate tetrahydrofurans, isoxazolidines, or piperazines, see:
    • For related Pd-catalyzed carboamination or carboetherification reactions that generate tetrahydrofurans, isoxazolidines, or piperazines, see:
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    • A portion of this work has been previously communicated. See:. Fritz J.A., Nakhla J.S., and Wolfe J.P. Org. Lett. 8 (2006) 2531-2534
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    • note
    • dppb=1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane; dppe=1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane; dppf=1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene; Xantphos=9,9-dimethyl-4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)xanthene; Nixantphos=4,6-bis(diphenylphosphino)phenoxazine.
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    • note
    • With some catalyst systems the N-allylaniline side product underwent subsequent Pd-catalyzed N-arylation and/or was converted to mixtures of unidentified products.
  • 67
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    • This decomposition may involve deprotonation of urea followed by elimination and proton transfer to extrude the N-allylaniline and ethyl isocyanate. However, this has not been rigorously established experimentally. For related base-mediated cleavage of secondary carbamates, see:
    • This decomposition may involve deprotonation of urea followed by elimination and proton transfer to extrude the N-allylaniline and ethyl isocyanate. However, this has not been rigorously established experimentally. For related base-mediated cleavage of secondary carbamates, see:. Tom N.J., Simon W.M., Frost H.N., and Ewing M. Tetrahedron Lett. 45 (2004) 905-906
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    • note
    • 8 at 110 °C led to complete isomerization to the internal alkene in <3 h.
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    • In order to avoid competing reduction of the other aromatic moieties, it was necessary to quench the reduction at low temperature with diphenyl ether before addition of water. See:. Kim M.Y., Starrett Jr. J.E., and Weinreb S.M. J. Org. Chem. 46 (1981) 5383-5389
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    • note
    • Control experiments demonstrated that the hydroamination side reaction is base-mediated, and not Pd-catalyzed.
  • 80
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    • note
    • The relative stereochemistry of 47 was assigned via X-ray crystallographic analysis. Crystallographic data (excluding structure factors) for the structures in this paper have been deposited with the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre as supplementary publication no. CCDC 604846. Copies of the data can be obtained, free of charge, on application to CCDC, 12 Union Road, Cambridge CB2 1EZ, UK, (fax: +44 (0)1223 336033) or e-mail: deposit@ccdc.cam.ac.uk).
  • 81
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    • The increased reactivity of cyclic alkenes relative to acyclic Z-disubstituted alkenes may be due to ring strain. For additional discussion on the effect of ring strain on reactivity in Pd-catalyzed reactions involving alkene insertion, see:
    • The increased reactivity of cyclic alkenes relative to acyclic Z-disubstituted alkenes may be due to ring strain. For additional discussion on the effect of ring strain on reactivity in Pd-catalyzed reactions involving alkene insertion, see:
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    • 2Me-catalyzed carboaminations of N-(p-methoxyphenyl)-2-(cyclopent-2-enyl)ethylamine. See:
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    • note
    • A small amount of N-(cyclohex-2-enyl)aniline was observed as a side product in this reaction.
  • 88
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    • note
    • In analogy to related alkene insertions into Pd-C bonds, cyclization via a transition state in which the π-bond and the Pd-N bond are perpendicular is expected to be relatively high in energy. See Ref. 32.


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