Actuation of polypyrrole nanowires

Nanotechnology

Volumn 19, Issue 16, 2008, Pages

  Lee, Alexander S ^a,b   Peteu, Serban F ^a   Ly, James V ^a,b   Requicha, Aristides A G ^a,b   Thompson, Mark E ^a,b   Zhou, Chongwu ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY; NANOWIRES; NEMS; OXIDATION; POLYMERIZATION; POLYPYRROLES; ROBOTS;

NANOROBOTS; POLYCARBONATE MEMBRANES;

ACTUATORS;

NANOWIRE; POLYCARBONATE; POLYPYRROLE;

ARTICLE; ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY; CHEMICAL STRUCTURE; NANOELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEM; NANOROBOT; NANOTECHNOLOGY; OXIDATION REDUCTION REACTION; POLYMERIZATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY;

EID: 42449085427     PISSN: 09574484     EISSN: 13616528     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/19/16/165501     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Ackermann J, Crawley D, Forshaw M, Nikolic K and Videlot C 2003 Conductive polymer interconnections for three-dimensional computing structures Surf. Sci. 532 1182-6
2. Ackermann J, Videlot C, Nguyen T N, Wang L, Sarro P M, Crawley D, Nikolic K and Forshaw M 2003 Micro-patterning of self-supporting layers with conducting polymer wires for 3D-chip interconnection applications Appl. Surf. Sci. 212 411-6
3. Berdichevsky Y and Lo Y H 2006 Polypyrrole nanowire actuators Adv. Mater. 18 122-5
4. Cuenot S, Demoustier-Champagne S and Nysten B 2000 Elastic modulus of polypyrrole nanotubes Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 1690-3
5. Cuenot S, Fretigny C, Demoustier-Champagne S and Nysten B 2003 Measurement of elastic modulus of nanotubes by resonant contact atomic force microscopy J. Appl. Phys. 93 5650-5
6. DellaSanta A, DeRossi D and Mazzoldi A 1997 Performance and work capacity of a polypyrrole conducting polymer linear actuator Synth. Met. 90 93-100
7. Demoustier-Champagne S, Duchet J and Legras R 1999 Chemical and electrochemical synthesis of polypyrrole nanotubules Synth. Met. 101 20-1
8. Ding J, Zhou D Z, Spinks G, Wallace G, Forsyth S, Forsyth M and MacFarlane D 2003 Use of ionic liquids as electrolytes in electromechanical actuator systems based on inherently conducting polymers Chem. Mater. 15 2392-8
9. Duchet J, Legras R and Demoustier-Champagne S 1998 Chemical synthesis of polypyrrole: structure-properties relationship Synth. Met. 98 113-22
10. Hernandez R M, Richter L, Semancik S, Stranick S and Mallouk T E 2004 Template fabrication of protein-functionalized gold-polypyrrole-gold segmented nanowires Chem. Mater. 16 3431-8
11. Huczko A 2000 Template-based synthesis of nanomaterials Appl. Phys. A 70 365-76
12. Jager E W H, Inganas O and Lundstrom I 2000 Microrobots for micrometer-size objects in aqueous media: potential tools for single-cell manipulation Science 288 2335-8
13. Jager E W H, Inganas O and Lundstrom I 2001 Perpendicular actuation with individually controlled polymer microactuators Adv. Mater. 13 76
14. Jager E W H, Smela E and Inganas O 1999 On-chip microelectrodes for electrochemistry with moveable PPy bilayer actuators as working electrodes Sensors Actuators B 56 73-8
15. Jager E W H, Smela E and Inganas O 2000 Microfabricating conjugated polymer actuators Science 290 1540-5
16. Joo J, Lee J K, Lee S Y, Jsng K S, Oh E J and Epstein A J 2000 Physical characterization of electrochemically and chemically synthesized polypyrroles Macromolecules 33 5131-6
17. Joo J et al 2003 Conducting polymer nanotube and nanowire synthesized by using nanoporous template: synthesis, characteristics, and applications Synth. Met. 135 7-9
18. Lee H S and Hong J 2000 Chemical synthesis and characterization of polypyrrole coated on porous membranes and its electrochemical stability Synth. Met. 113 115-9
19. Lewis T W, Moulton S E, Spinks G M and Wallace G G 1997 Optimisation of a polypyrrole based actuator Synth. Met. 85 1419-20
20. Martin C R 1995 Template synthesis of electronically conductive polymer nanostructures Acc. Chem. Res. 28 61-8
21. Martin C R 1996 Membrane-based synthesis of nanomaterials Chem. Mater. 8 1739-46
22. Mativetsky J M and Datars W R 2002 Morphology and electrical properties of template-synthesized polypyrrole nanocylinders Physica B 324 191-204
23. Moschou E A, Peteu S F, Bachas L G, Madou M J and Daunert S 2004 Artificial muscle material with fast electroactuation under neutral pH conditions Chem. Mater. 16 2499-502
24. Park J G, Lee S H, Kim B and Park Y W 2002 Electrical resistivity of polypyrrole nanotube measured by conductive scanning probe microscope: the role of contact force Appl. Phys. Lett. 81 4625-7
25. Ramanathan K, Bangar M A, Yun M H, Chen W F, Mulchandani A and Myung N V 2004 Individually addressable conducting polymer nanowires array Nano Lett. 4 1237-9
26. Smela E 2003 Conjugated polymer actuators for biomedical applications Adv. Mater. 15 481-94
27. Smela E and Gadegaard N 2001 Volume change in polypyrrole studied by atomic force microscopy J. Phys. Chem. B 105 9395-405
28. Suarez M F and Compton R G 1999 In situ atomic force microscopy study of polypyrrole synthesis and the volume changes induced by oxidation and reduction of the polymer J. Electroanal. Chem. 462 211-21
29. Vandyke L S and Martin C R 1990 Electrochemical investigations of electronically conductive polymers.4. controlling the supermolecular structure allows charge transport rates to be enhanced Langmuir 6 1118-23
30. Wang H L, Gao J B, Sansinena J M and McCarthy P 2002 Fabrication and characterization of polyaniline monolithic actuators based on a novel configuration: integrally skinned asymmetric membrane Chem. Mater. 14 2546-52