Children's developing notions of (im)partiality

Cognition

Volumn 107, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 528-551

  Mills, Candice M ^a   Keil, Frank C ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT DALLAS   (United States)

^b YALE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Children; Cognitive development; Critical thinking; Epistemology; Judgment; Skepticism; Social cognition

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; CHILD; COGNITION; DECISION MAKING; HUMAN; KINDERGARTEN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MEDICAL RESEARCH; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

AGE FACTORS; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; COMPETITIVE BEHAVIOR; CONCEPT FORMATION; CULTURE; FEMALE; HUMANS; JUDGMENT; MALE; PERSONAL CONSTRUCT THEORY; PREJUDICE; PROBABILITY LEARNING; REALITY TESTING; SOCIAL JUSTICE; SOCIAL PERCEPTION; SOCIAL VALUES;

EID: 41349103033     PISSN: 00100277     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2007.11.003     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Alvarez J.M., Ruble D.N., and Bolger N. Trait understanding or evaluative reasoning? An analysis of children's behavioral predictions. Child Development 72 (2001) 1409-1425
2. Baumeister R.F., Bratslavsky E., Finkenauer C., and Vohs K.D. Bad is stronger than good. Review of General Psychology 5 (2001) 323-370
3. Boseovski J.J., and Lee K. Children's use of frequency information for trait categorization and behavioral prediction. Developmental Psychology 42 (2006) 500-513
4. Bussey K. Lying and truthfulness: Children's definitions, standards, and evaluative reactions. Child Development 64 (1992) 1005-1021
5. Cacioppo J.T., Petty R.E., Feinstein J., and Jarvis B. Dispositional differences in cognitive motivation: The life and times of individuals varying in need for cognition. Psychological Bulletin 119 (1996) 197-253
6. Carpendale J.I., and Chandler M.J. On the distinction between false belief understanding and subscribing to an interpretive theory of mind. Child Development 67 (1996) 1686-1706
7. Clements W.A., Rustin C.L., and McCallum S. Promoting the transition from implicit to explicit understanding: A training study of false belief. Developmental Science 3 (2000) 81-92
8. Cosmides L., and Tooby J. Social exchange: The evolutionary design of a neurocognitive system. In: Gazzinga M.S. (Ed). The cognitive neurosciences. 3rd ed. (2004), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA 1295-1308
9. Damon W. The moral child (1988), Free Press, New York
10. Emler N., and Dickinson J. Children's representation of economic inequalities: The effects of social class. British Journal of Developmental Psychology 3 (1985) 191-198
11. Fein S. Effects of suspicion on attributional thinking and the correspondence bias. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 70 (1996) 1164-1184
12. Flavell J., Flavell E., Green F., and Moses L. Young children's understanding of fact beliefs versus value beliefs. Child Development 61 (1990) 915-928
13. Gnepp J., and Chilamkurti C. Children's use of personality attributions to predict other people's emotional and behavioral reactions. Child Development 59 (1988) 743-754
14. Heyman G.D., Fu G., and Lee K. Evaluating claims people make about themselves: The development of skepticism. Child Development 78 (2007) 367-375
15. Heyman G.D., and Gelman S.A. The use of trait labels in making psychological inferences. Child Development 70 (1999) 604-619
16. Heyman G.D., and Legare C.H. Children's evaluation of sources of information about traits. Developmental Psychology 41 (2005) 636-647
17. Hume, D. (1757). Of the standards of taste. In T. H. Green & T. H. Grose (Eds.), The philosophical works of David Hume (p. 1874). London: Longman, Green.
18. Jaswal V.K., and Neely L.A. Adults don't always know best: Preschoolers use past reliability over age when learning new words. Psychological Science 17 (2006) 757-758
19. Koenig M.A., Clement F., and Harris P.L. Trust in testimony: Children's use of true and false statements. Psychological Science 15 (2004) 694-698
20. Kruger J., and Gilovich T. 'Nai{dotless}̈ve cynicism' in everyday theories of responsibility assessment: On biased assumptions of bias. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 74 (1999) 743-753
21. Kuhn D., Cheney R., and Weinstock M. The development of epistemological understanding. Cognitive Development 15 (2000) 309-328
22. Kuhn D., and Weinstock M. What is epistemological thinking?. In: Hofer B., and Pintrich P. (Eds). Personal epistemology: The psychology of beliefs about knowledge and knowing (2002), Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ
23. Lampinen J.M., and Smith V.L. The incredible (and sometimes incredulous) child witness: Child eyewitnesses' sensitivity to source credibility cues. Journal of Applied Psychology 80 (1995) 621-627
24. Lee K., Cameron C.A., and Doucette J. Phantoms and fabrications: Young children's detection of implausible lies. Child Development 73 (2002) 1688-1702
25. Lerner M.J. The justice motive: 'Equity' and 'parity' among children. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 29 (1974) 539-550
26. Lockhart K.L., Chang B., and Story T. Young children's beliefs about the stability of traits: Protective optimism?. Child Development 73 (2002) 1408-1430
27. Lutz D.R., and Keil F.C. Early understanding of the division of cognitive labor. Child Development 73 (2002) 1073-1084
28. McGraw K.M., Lodge M., and Jones J. The pandering politicians of suspicious minds. The Journal of Politics 62 (2002) 362-383
29. Miller D.T., and Ratner R.K. The disparity between the actual and assumed power of self-interest. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 74 (1998) 53-62
30. Mills, C. M. (2006). Children's detection of (im)partiality. Poster presented at the 2006 Association for Psychological Science 18th Annual Convention, New York, NY.
31. Mills, C. M. (2007). Understanding the effects of context and relationships on judgments. In C. M. Mills (Chair), Taking a critical stance: How children evaluate the thinking of others. Symposium conducted at the Biennial Meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Boston, MA.
32. Mills C.M., and Keil F.C. The development of cynicism. Psychological Science 16 (2005) 385-390
33. Nelson S.A., and Dweck C.S. Motivation and competence as determinants of young children's reward allocation. Developmental Psychology 13 (1977) 192-197
34. Nichols S., and Folds-Bennett T. Are children moral objectivists? Children's judgments about moral and response-dependent properties. Cognition 90 (2003) B23-B32
35. O'Neill D.K., Astington J.W., and Flavell J.H. Young children's understanding of the role that sensory experiences play in knowledge acquisition. Child Development 63 (1992) 474-490
36. Pasquini E.S., Corriveau K.H., Koenig M., and Harris P. Preschoolers monitor the relative accuracy of informants. Developmental Psychology 43 (2007) 1216-1226
37. Petty R.E., and Cacioppo J.T. Communication and persuasion: Central and peripheral routes to attitude change (1986), Springer, New York
38. Pillow B.H. Children's understanding of biased social cognition. Developmental Psychology 27 (1991) 539-551
39. Rawls J. A theory of justice (1971), Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA
40. Robinson E.J., Mitchell P., and Nye R. Young children's treating of utterances as unreliable sources of knowledge. Journal of Child Language 22 (1995) 663-685
41. Sabbagh M.A., and Baldwin D.A. Learning words from knowledgeable versus ignorant speakers: Links between preschoolers' theory of mind and semantic development. Child Development 72 (2001) 1054-1070
42. Sigelman C.K., and Waitzman K.A. The development of distributive justice orientations: Contextual influences on children's resource allocations. Child Development 62 (1991) 1367-1378
43. Sodian B. Children's attributions of knowledge to the listener in a referential communication task. Child Development 59 (1988) 378-385
44. Thierry K.L., and Spence M.J. Source-monitoring training facilitates preschoolers' eyewitness memory performance. Developmental Psychology 38 (2002) 428-437
45. Thierry K.L., Spence M.J., and Memon A. Before misinformation is encountered: Source monitoring decreases child witness suggestibility. Journal of Cognition and Development 2 (2001) 1-26
46. Thorkildsen T.A., and White-McNulty L. Developing conceptions of fair contest procedures and the understanding of skill and luck. Journal of Educational Psychology 94 (2002) 316-326
47. Welch-Ross M. Interviewer knowledge and preschoolers' reasoning about knowledge states moderate suggestibility. Cognitive Development 14 (1999) 423-442
48. Wellman H., and Liu D. Scaling of theory-of-mind tasks. Child Development 75 (2004) 523-541
49. Wimmer H., and Perner J. Beliefs about beliefs: Representation and constraining function of wrong beliefs in young children's understanding of deception. Cognition 13 (1983) 103-128
50. Yuill N., and Pearson A. The development of bases for trait attribution: Children's understanding of traits as causal mechanisms based on desire. Developmental Psychology 34 (1998) 574-586
51. Yuill N., Perner J., Pearson A., Peerbhoy D., and Van den Ende J. Children's changing understanding of wicked desires: From objective to subjective to moral. British Journal of Developmental Psychology 14 (1996) 457-475