Non-invasive imaging of adaptive immunity using positron emission tomography

Immunological Reviews

Volumn 221, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 214-228

  Nair Gill, Evan D ^a   Shu, Chengyi J ^a   Radu, Caius G ^a,b   Witte, Owen N ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Cell proliferation; Cell trafficking; Immunotherapies; In vivo imaging; T cells

Indexed keywords

ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY; ANTIGEN SPECIFICITY; CELL PROLIFERATION; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; GENE EXPRESSION; GENE TARGETING; IMAGING; IMAGING SYSTEM; IMMUNE RESPONSE; IMMUNOGENICITY; IMMUNOTHERAPY; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; LYMPHOCYTE; NON INVASIVE PROCEDURE; NONHUMAN; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW;

ANIMALS; AUTOIMMUNITY; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL; HUMANS; IMAGE ENHANCEMENT; IMAGE INTERPRETATION, COMPUTER-ASSISTED; IMMUNITY, ACTIVE; NEOPLASMS; POSITRON-EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY;

EID: 38949123694     PISSN: 01052896     EISSN: 1600065X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-065X.2008.00585.x     Document Type: Review

References (59)

1. Muranski P, et al. Increased intensity lymphodepletion and adoptive immunotherapy - how far can we go? Nat Clin Pract 2006 3 : 668 681.
2. Massoud TF, Gambhir SS. Molecular imaging in living subjects: seeing fundamental biological processes in a new light. Genes Dev 2003 17 : 545 580.
3. Phelps ME. Inaugural article: positron emission tomography provides molecular imaging of biological processes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2000 97 : 9226 9233.
4. Cherry SR, Gambhir SS. Use of positron emission tomography in animal research. ILAR J 2001 42 : 219 232.
5. Ridolfi R, et al. Evaluation of in vivo labelled dendritic cell migration in cancer patients. J Transl Med 2004 2 : 27.
6. Paik JY, Lee KH, Byun SS, Choe YS, Kim BT. Use of insulin to improve [18 F]fluorodeoxyglucose labelling and retention for in vivo positron emission tomography imaging of monocyte trafficking. Nucl Med Comm 2002 23 : 551 557.
7. Matsui K, Wang Z, McCarthy TJ, Allen PM, Reichert DE. Quantitation and visualization of tumor-specific T cells in the secondary lymphoid organs during and after tumor elimination by PET. Nucl Med Biol 2004 31 : 1021 1031.
8. Pittet MJ, et al. In vivo imaging of T cell delivery to tumors after adoptive transfer therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2007 104 : 12457 12461.
9. Herschman HR. PET reporter genes for noninvasive imaging of gene therapy, cell tracking and transgenic analysis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2004 51 : 191 204.
10. Gambhir SS, Barrio JR, Herschman HR, Phelps ME. Assays for noninvasive imaging of reporter gene expression. Nucl Med Biol 1999 26 : 481 490.
11. Black ME, Newcomb TG, Wilson HM, Loeb LA. Creation of drug-specific herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase mutants for gene therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996 93 : 3525 3529.
12. Dubey P, et al. Quantitative imaging of the T cell antitumor response by positron-emission tomography. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003 100 : 1232 1237.
13. Koehne G, et al. Serial in vivo imaging of the targeted migration of human HSV-TK-transduced antigen-specific lymphocytes. Nat Biotechnol 2003 21 : 405 413.
14. Milan G, Zambon A, Cavinato M, Zanovello P, Rosato A, Collavo D. Dissecting the immune response to moloney murine sarcoma/leukemia virus-induced tumors by means of a DNA vaccination approach. J Virol 1999 73 : 2280 2287.
15. Su H, Forbes A, Gambhir SS, Braun J. Quantitation of cell number by a positron emission tomography reporter gene strategy. Mol Imaging Biol 2004 6 : 139 148.
16. Shu CJ, et al. Visualization of a primary anti-tumor immune response by positron emission tomography. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005 102 : 17412 17417.
17. Ray P, De A, Min JJ, Tsien RY, Gambhir SS. Imaging tri-fusion multimodality reporter gene expression in living subjects. Cancer Res 2004 64 : 1323 1330.
18. Su H, Chang DS, Gambhir SS, Braun J. Monitoring the antitumor response of naive and memory CD8 T cells in RAG1-/-mice by positron-emission tomography. J Immunol 2006 176 : 4459 4467.
19. Masopust D, Murali-Krishna K, Ahmed R. Quantitating the magnitude of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-specific CD8 T-cell response: it is even bigger than we thought. J Virol 2007 81 : 2002 2011.
20. Radu CG, Anderton SM, Firan M, Wraith DC, Ward ES. Detection of autoreactive T cells in H-2u mice using peptide-MHC multimers. Int Immunol 2000 12 : 1553 1560.
21. Lee PP, et al. Characterization of circulating T cells specific for tumor-associated antigens in melanoma patients. Nat Med 1999 5 : 677 685.
22. Yee C, Savage PA, Lee PP, Davis MM, Greenberg PD. Isolation of high avidity melanoma-reactive CTL from heterogeneous populations using peptide-MHC tetramers. J Immunol 1999 162 : 2227 2234.
23. Catana C, Wu Y, Judenhofer MS, Qi J, Pichler BJ, Cherry SR. Simultaneous acquisition of multislice PET and MR images: initial results with a MR-compatible PET scanner. J Nucl Med 2006 47 : 1968 1976.
24. Denis MC, Mahmood U, Benoist C, Mathis D, Weissleder R. Imaging inflammation of the pancreatic islets in type 1 diabetes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2004 101 : 12634 12639.
25. Huang SC, et al. An internet-based "kinetic imaging system" (KIS) for MicroPET. Mol Imaging Biol 2005 7 : 330 341.
26. Yaghoubi S, et al. Human pharmacokinetic and dosimetry studies of [(18)F]FHBG: a reporter probe for imaging herpes simplex virus type-1 thymidine kinase reporter gene expression. J Nucl Med 2001 42 : 1225 1234.
27. Tjuvajev JG, et al. Imaging herpes virus thymidine kinase gene transfer and expression by positron emission tomography. Cancer Res 1998 58 : 4333 4341.
28. Tjuvajev JG, et al. Comparison of radiolabeled nucleoside probes (FIAU, FHBG, and FHPG) for PET imaging of HSV1-tk gene expression. J Nucl Med 2002 43 : 1072 1083.
29. Buursma AR, Rutgers V, Hospers GA, Mulder NH, Vaalburg W, de Vries EF. 18F-FEAU as a radiotracer for herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene expression: in-vitro comparison with other PET tracers. Nucl Med Comm 2006 27 : 25 30.
30. Soghomonyan S, et al. Molecular PET imaging of HSV1-tk reporter gene expression using [18F]FEAU. Nat Protoc 2007 2 : 416 423.
31. Ray P, Tsien R, Gambhir SS. Construction and validation of improved triple fusion reporter gene vectors for molecular imaging of living subjects. Cancer Res 2007 67 : 3085 3093.
32. Alauddin MM, Shahinian A, Park R, Tohme M, Fissekis JD, Conti PS. In vivo evaluation of 2′-deoxy-2′-[(18)F]fluoro-5-iodo-1-beta-D: -arabinofuranosyluracil ([(18)F]FIAU) and 2′-deoxy-2′-[(18)F]fluoro- 5-ethyl-1-beta-D: -arabinofuranosyluracil ([(18)F]FEAU) as markers for suicide gene expression. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2007 34 : 822 829.
33. Lehnert W, Meikle SR, Siegel S, Newport D, Banati RB, Rosenfeld AB. Evaluation of transmission methodology and attenuation correction for the microPET Focus 220 animal scanner. Phys Med Biol 2006 51 : 4003 4016.
34. Deroose CM, et al. Multimodality imaging of tumor xenografts and metastases in mice with combined small-animal PET, small-animal CT, and bioluminescence imaging. J Nucl Med 2007 48 : 295 303.
35. Halin C, Rodrigo Mora J, Sumen C, von Andrian UH. In vivo imaging of lymphocyte trafficking. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 2005 21 : 581 603.
36. Liang Q, et al. Noninvasive, repetitive, quantitative measurement of gene expression from a bicistronic message by positron emission tomography, following gene transfer with adenovirus. Mol Ther 2002 6 : 73 82.
37. Liang Q, et al. Monitoring adenoviral DNA delivery, using a mutant herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase gene as a PET reporter gene. Gene Ther 2002 9 : 1659 1666.
38. Rettig GR, Rice KG. Non-viral gene delivery: from the needle to the nucleus. Exp Opin Biol Ther 2007 7 : 799 808.
39. Ponomarev V, et al. Imaging TCR-dependent NFAT-mediated T-cell activation with positron emission tomography in vivo. Neoplasia 2001 3 : 480 488.
40. Ilagan R, et al. Imaging mitogen-activated protein kinase function in xenograft models of prostate cancer. Cancer Res 2006 66 : 10778 10785.
41. Sato M, Johnson M, Zhang L, Gambhir SS, Carey M, Wu L. Functionality of androgen receptor-based gene expression imaging in hormone refractory prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2005 11 : 3743 3749.
42. Johnson M, Sato M, Burton J, Gambhir SS, Carey M, Wu L. Micro-PET/CT monitoring of herpes thymidine kinase suicide gene therapy in a prostate cancer xenograft: the advantage of a cell-specific transcriptional targeting approach. Mol Imaging 2005 4 : 463 472.
43. Luker GD, et al. Noninvasive imaging of protein-protein interactions in living animals. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2002 99 : 6961 6966.
44. Morgan RA, et al. Cancer regression in patients after transfer of genetically engineered lymphocytes. Science 2006 314 : 126 129.
45. Verzeletti S, et al. Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene transfer for controlled graft-versus-host disease and graft-versus-leukemia: clinical follow-up and improved new vectors. Human Gene Ther 1998 9 : 2243 2251.
46. Bonini C, et al. HSV-TK gene transfer into donor lymphocytes for control of allogeneic graft-versus-leukemia. Science 1997 276 : 1719 1724.
47. Berger C, Flowers ME, Warren EH, Riddell SR. Analysis of transgene-specific immune responses that limit the in vivo persistence of adoptively transferred HSV-TK-modified donor T cells after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Blood 2006 107 : 2294 2302.
48. Liang Q, et al. Noninvasive, quantitative imaging in living animals of a mutant dopamine D2 receptor reporter gene in which ligand binding is uncoupled from signal transduction. Gene Ther 2001 8 : 1490 1498.
49. Rogers BE, Parry JJ, Andrews R, Cordopatis P, Nock BA, Maina T. MicroPET imaging of gene transfer with a somatostatin receptor-based reporter gene and (94m)Tc-Demotate 1. J Nucl Med 2005 46 : 1889 1897.
50. Che J, Doubrovin M, Serganova I, Ageyeva L, Zanzonico P, Blasberg R. hNIS-IRES-eGFP dual reporter gene imaging. Mol Imaging 2005 4 : 128 136.
51. Phelps ME. PET: the merging of biology and imaging into molecular imaging. J Nucl Med 2000 41 : 661 681.
52. Mankoff DA, Shields AF, Krohn KA. PET imaging of cellular proliferation. Radiol Clin N Am 2005 43 : 153 167.
53. Czernin J, Phelps ME. Positron emission tomography scanning: current and future applications. Annu Rev Med 2002 53 : 89 112.
54. Frauwirth KA, et al. The CD28 signaling pathway regulates glucose metabolism. Immunity 2002 16 : 769 777.
55. Frauwirth KA, Thompson CB. Regulation of T lymphocyte metabolism. J Immunol 2004 172 : 4661 4665.
56. Murphy KM, Heimberger AB, Loh DY. Induction by antigen of intrathymic apoptosis of CD4+CD8+TCRlo thymocytes in vivo. Science 1990 250 : 1720 1723.
57. Radu CG, Shu CJ, Shelly SM, Phelps ME, Witte ON. Positron emission tomography with computed tomography imaging of neuroinflammation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2007 104 : 1937 1942.
58. Cai W, et al. PET imaging of colorectal cancer in xenograft-bearing mice by use of an 18F-labeled T84.66 anti-carcinoembryonic antigen diabody. J Nucl Med 2007 48 : 304 310.
59. Fox CJ, Hammerman PS, Thompson CB. Fuel feeds function: energy metabolism and the T-cell response. Nat Rev 2005 5 : 844 852.