Co-ingestion of leucine with protein does not further augment post-exercise muscle protein synthesis rates in elderly men

British Journal of Nutrition

Volumn 99, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 571-580

  Koopman, René ^a   Verdijk, Lex B ^a   Beelen, Milou ^a   Gorselink, Marchel ^b   Kruseman, Arie Nieuwenhuijzen ^c   Wagenmakers, Anton J M ^d   Kuipers, Harm ^a   van loon, Luc J C ^a  

^a MAASTRICHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

^b NUMICO RESEARCH   (Netherlands)

^c MAASTRICHT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^d UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Ageing; Muscle; Protein metabolism; Sarcopaenia

Indexed keywords

CARBOHYDRATE; LEUCINE; MUSCLE PROTEIN; PHENYLALANINE; PROTEIN HYDROLYSATE; TYROSINE;

AGED; ARTICLE; BLOOD SAMPLING; CARBOHYDRATE INTAKE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; EXERCISE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; HUMAN TISSUE; MALE; MUSCLE BIOPSY; MUSCLE METABOLISM; NORMAL HUMAN; NUTRITIONAL VALUE; PROTEIN ANALYSIS; PROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; PROTEIN DEGRADATION; PROTEIN INTAKE; PROTEIN METABOLISM; PROTEIN SYNTHESIS; VASTUS LATERALIS MUSCLE;

AGED; AGING; AMINO ACIDS; BLOOD GLUCOSE; CROSS-OVER STUDIES; DIET; DIETARY CARBOHYDRATES; DIETARY PROTEINS; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS; EXERCISE; HUMANS; INSULIN; LEUCINE; MALE; MILK PROTEINS; MUSCLE PROTEINS; MUSCLE, SKELETAL; PROTEINS;

EID: 38949086515     PISSN: 00071145     EISSN: 14752662     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0007114507812013     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Evans WJ (1995) What is sarcopenia? J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 50, Spec. No. 5-8.
2. Short KR, Vittone JL, Bigelow ML, Proctor DN & Nair KS (2004) Age and aerobic exercise training effects on whole body and muscle protein metabolism. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 286, E92-E101.
3. Wolfe RR (2002) Regulation of muscle protein by amino acids. J Nutr 132, 3219S-3224S.
4. Volpi E, Mittendorfer B, Rasmussen BB & Wolfe RR (2000) The response of muscle protein anabolism to combined hyperaminoacidemia and glucose-induced hyperinsulinemia is impaired in the elderly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 85, 4481-4490.
5. Guillet C, Prod'homme M, Balage, M, Gachon P, Giraudet C, Morin L, Grizard J & Boirie Y (2004) Impaired anabolic response of muscle protein synthesis is associated with S6K1 dysregulation in elderly humans. FASEB J 18, 1586-1587.
6. Cuthbertson D, Smith K, Babraj J, Leese G, Waddell T, Atherton P, Wackerhage H, Taylor PM & Rennie MJ (2005) Anabolic signaling deficits underlie amino acid resistance of wasting, aging muscle. FASEB J 19, 422-424.
7. Phillips SM, Tipton KD, Aarsland A, Wolf SE & Wolfe RR (1997) Mixed muscle protein synthesis and breakdown after resistance exercise in humans. Am J Physiol 273, (1 Pt 1), E99-E107.
8. Rennie MJ & Tipton KD (2000) Protein and amino acid metabolism during and after exercise and the effects of nutrition. Annu Rev Nutr 20, 457-483.
9. Koopman R, Verdijk LB, Manders RJF, Gijsen AP, Gorselink M, Pijpers E, Wagenmakers AJM & van Loon -LJC (2006) Co-ingestion of protein and leucine stimulates muscle protein synthesis rates to the same extent inyoung and elderly lean men. Am J Clin Nutr 84, 623-632.
10. Koopman R; Wagenmakers AJ, Minders RJ, Zorenc AH, Senden JM, Gorselink M, Keizer HA, & van Loon LJ (2005) Combined ingestion of protein and free leucine with carbohydrate increases postexercise muscle protein synthesis in vivo in male subject Am. J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 288. E645-E653.
11. Anthony JC, Anthony TG & Layman DK (1999) Leucine supplementation enhances skeletal muscle recovery in rats following exercise. J Nutr 129, 1102-1106.
12. Crozier SJ, Kimball SR, Emmert SW, Anthony JC & Jefferson LS (2005) Oral leucine administration stimulates protein synthesis in rat skeletal muscle. J Nutr 135, 376-382.
13. Danevet D; Sornet C, Bayle G, Prugnaud J, Pouyet C & Grizard J (2002) Postprandial stimulation of muscle protein synthesis, in old rats can be restored by a leucine-supplemented meal. J Nutr 132, 95-100.
14. Rieu I, Sornet C. Bayle G, Prugnaud J, Pouyet C, Balage M, Papet I, Grizard J & Dardevet D (2003) Leucine-supplemented meal feeding for ten days beneficially affects postprandial muscle protein synthesis in old rats. J Nutr 133, 1198-1205.
15. Anthony JC, Reiter AK, Anthony TG, Crocier SJ, Lang CH, MacLean DA, Kimball SR & Jefferson LS (2002) Orally administered leucine enhances protein synthesis in skeletal muscle of diabetic rats in the absence of increases in 4E-BP1 or S6K1 phosphorylation. Diabetes 51, 928-936.
16. Kimball SR, Farrell PA & Jefferson LS (2002) Invited Review: Role of insulin in translational control of protein synthesis in skeletal muscle by amino acids or exercise. J Appl Physiol 93, 1168-1180.
17. Nair KS, Schwartz RG & Welle S (1992) Leucine as a regulator of whole body and skeletal muscle protein metabolism in humans. Am J Physiol 263, (5 Pf 1), E928-E934.
18. Rieu I, Balage M, Sornet C, Giraudet C, Paujos F, Grizard J, Mosoni L & Dardevet D (2006) Leucine supplementation improves muscle protein synthesis in elderly men independently of hyperaminoacidaemia. J Physiol, 575, Pt 1, 305-315.
19. Katsanos CS, Kobayashi H, Sheffield-Moore M, Aarsland A & Wolfe RR (2006) A high proportion of leucine is required for optimal stimulation of the rate of muscle protein synthesis by essential amino acids in the elderly. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 291, E381-387.
20. Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, Naylor BA, Treacher DF & Turner RC (1985) Homeostasis model assessment: Insulin, resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia 28, 41241-41249.
21. Jones PR & Pearson J (1969) Anthropometric determination of leg fat and muscle plus bone volumes in young male and female adults, J Physiol 204, 63P-66P.
22. Mayhew JL, Prinster JL, Ware JS, Zimmer DL, Arabas JR & Bemben MG (1995) Muscular endurance repetitions to predict bench press strength in men of different training levels. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 35, 108-113.
23. American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand (1998) The recommended quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness, and flexibility in healthy adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 30, 975-991.
24. Pate RR, Pratt M, Blair SN, et al. (1995) Physical activity and public health. A recommendation from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Sports Medicine. JAMA 273, 402-407.
25. Gunn SM, Brooks AG, Withers RT, Gore CJ, Owen N, Booth ML & Bauman AE (2002) Determining energy expenditure during some household and garden tasks. Med Sci Sports Exerc 34, 895-902.
26. Wagenmakers AJ (1999) Tracers to investigate protein and amino acid metabolism in human subjects. Proc Nutr Soc 58, 987-1000.
27. Fekkes D, van Dalen A, Edelman M & Voskuilen A (1995) Validation of the determination of amino acids in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography using automated pre-column derivatization with o-phthaldialdehyde. J Chromatogr B Biomed Appl 669, 177-186.
28. Wolfe RR (1992) Radioactive and Stable Isotope Tracers in Biomedicine: Principles and Practice of Kinetic Analysis. New York: Wiley-Liss.
29. van Eijk HM, Rooyakkers DR & Deutz NE (1993) Rapid routine determination of amino acids in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with a 2-3 microns Spherisorb ODS II column. J Chromatogr 620, 143-148.
30. Koopman R, Pannemans DL, Jeukendrup AE, Gijsen A, Senden JMG, Halliday D, Saris WHM, van Loon LJC & Wagenmakers AJM (2004) The combined ingestion of protein and carbohydrate improves protein balance during ultra endurance exercise. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 287, E712-E720.
31. Thompson GN, Pacy PJ, Merritt H, Ford GC, Read MA, Cheng KN & Halliday D (1989) Rapid measurement of whole body and forearm protein turnover using a [2H5]phenylalanine model. Am J Physiol 256, (5 Pt 1), E631-E639.
32. Short KR, Meek SE, Moller N, Ekberg K & Nair KS (1999) Whole body protein kinetics using Phe and Tyr tracers: An evaluation of the accuracy of approximated flux values. Am J Physiol 276, (6 Pt 1), E1194-E1200.
33. Buse MG & Reid SS (1975) Leucine. A possible regulator of protein turnover in muscle. J Clin Invest 56, 1250-1261.
34. Kimball SR & Jefferson LS (2004) Regulation of global and specific mRNA translation by oral administration of branched-chain amino acids. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 313, 423-427.
35. Matthews DE (2005) Observations of branched-chain amino acid administration in humans. J Nutr 135, Suppl., 1580S-1584S.
36. Alvestrand A, Hagenfeldt L, Merli M, Oureshi A & Eriksson LS (1990) Influence of leucine infusion on intracellular amino acids in humans. Eur J Clin Invest 20, 293-298.
37. Van Hall G, Saltin B & Wagenmakers AJ (1999) Muscle protein degradation and amino acid metabolism during prolonged knee-extensor exercise in humans. Clin Sci (Lond) 97, 557-567.
38. Chang TW & Goldberg AL (1978) The origin of alanine produced in skeletal muscle. J Biol Chem 253, 3677-3684.
39. Manders RJ, Wagenmakers AJ, Koopman R, Zorenc AH, Menheere PP, Schaper NC, Saris WH & van Loon LJ (2005) Co-ingestion of a protein hydrolysate and amino acid mixture with carbohydrate improves plasma glucose disposal in patients with type 2 diabetes. Am J Clin Nutr 82 76-83.
40. van Loon LJ, Kruijshoop M, Menheere PP, Wagenmakers AJ, Saris WH & Keizer HA (2003) Amino acid ingestion strongly enhances insulin secretion in patients with long-term type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 26, 625-630.
41. Anthony JC, Anthony TG, Kimball SR & Jefferson LS (2001) Signaling pathways involved in translational control of protein synthesis in skeletal muscle by leucine. J Nutr 131, 856S-860S.