N-myc coordinates retinal growth with eye size during mouse development

Genes and Development

Volumn 22, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 179-193

  Martins, Rodrigo A P ^a   Zindy, Frederique ^a   Donovan, Stacy ^a   Zhang, Jiakun ^a   Pounds, Stanley ^a   Wey, Alice ^b,c   Knoepfler, Paul S ^b,c   Eisenman, Robert N ^d   Roussel, Martine F ^a   Dyer, Michael A ^a,e  

^a ST JUDE CHILDREN S RESEARCH HOSPITAL   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c SHRINERS HOSPITALS FOR CHILDREN NORTHERN CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^d Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Cell cycle; Cyclin D1; p27Kip1; Proliferation; Proto oncogene

Indexed keywords

CYCLIN DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR 1B;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; CELL CYCLE; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL FATE; CELL PROLIFERATION; CELL SURVIVAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; ONCOGENE C MYB; PHENOTYPE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; RETINA CELL; RETINA DEVELOPMENT; STEM CELL;

ANIMALS; CELL CYCLE; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL PROLIFERATION; CYCLIN D1; CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR P27; EYE; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, DEVELOPMENTAL; GENES, MYC; MICE; RETINA; STEM CELLS;

MUS;

EID: 38349076022     PISSN: 08909369     EISSN: 15495477     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1101/gad.1608008     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Aldosari, N., Bigner, S.H., Burger, P.C., Becker, L., Kepner, J.L., Friedman, H.S., and McLendon, R.E. 2002. MYCC and MYCN oncogene amplification in medulloblastoma. A fluorescence in situ hybridization study on paraffin sections from the Children's Oncology Group. Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 126: 540-544.
2. Alexiades, M.R. and Cepko, C. 1996. Quantitative analysis of proliferation and cell cycle length during development of the rat retina. Dev. Dyn. 205: 293-307.
3. Blackshaw, S., Fraioli, R.E., Furukawa, T., and Cepko, C. 2001. Comprehensive analysis of photoreceptor gene expression and the identification of candidate retinal disease genes. Cell 107: 579-589.
4. Blackshaw, S., Harpavat, S., Trimarchi, J., Cai, L., Huang, H., Kuo, W., Weber, G., Lee, K., Fraioli, R.E., Cho, S.H., et al. 2004. Genomic analysis of mouse retinal development. PLoS Biol. 2: E247. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0020247.
5. Brodeur, G.M., Seeger, R.C., Schwab, M., Varmus, H.E., and Bishop, J.M. 1984. Amplification of N-myc in untreated human neuroblastomas correlates with advanced disease stage. Science 224: 1121-1124.
6. Burmeister, M., Novak, J., Liang, M.Y., Basu, S., Ploder, L., Hawes, N.L., Vidgen, D., Hoover, F., Goldman, D., Kalnins, V.I., et al. 1996. Ocular retardation mouse caused by Chx10 homeobox null allele: Impaired retinal progenitor proliferation and bipolar cell differentiation. Nat. Genet. 12: 376-384.
7. Cepko, C.L., Austin, C.P., Yang, X., Alexiades, M., and Ezzeddine, D. 1996. Cell fate determination in the vertebrate retina. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 93: 589-595.
8. Charron, J., Malynn, B.A., Fisher, P., Stewart, V., Jeannotte, L., Goff, S.P., Robertson, E.J., and Alt, F.W. 1992. Embryonic lethality in mice homozygous for a targeted disruption of the N-myc gene. Genes & Dev. 6: 2248-2257.
9. Choi, S.W., Lee, T.W., Yang, S.W., Hong, W.S., Kim, C.M., and Lee, J.O. 1993. Loss of retinoblastoma gene and amplification of N-myc gene in retinoblastoma. J. Korean Med. Sci. 8: 73-77.
10. Cole, M.D. and Nikiforov, M.A. 2006. Transcriptional activation by the Myc oncoprotein. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 302: 33-50.
11. Kip1 are coexpressed in select retinal cells and act cooperatively to control cell cycle exit. Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 19: 359-374.
12. Cuthbertson, R.A., Beck, F., Senior, P.V., Haralambidis, J., Penschow, J.D., and Coghlan, J.P. 1989. Insulin-like growth factor II may play a local role in the regulation of ocular size. Development 107: 123-130.
13. Davis, A.C., Wims, M., Spotts, G.D., Hann, S.R., and Bradley, A. 1993. A null c-myc mutation causes lethality before 10.5 days of gestation in homozygotes and reduced fertility in heterozygous female mice. Genes & Dev. 7: 671-682.
14. Donovan, S.L. and Dyer, M.A. 2006. Preparation and square wave electroporation of retinal explant cultures. Nat. Protoc. 1: 2710-2718.
15. Donovan, S.L., Schweers, B., Martins, R., Johnson, D., and Dyer, M.S. 2006. Compensation by tumor suppressor genes during retinal development in mice and humans. BMC Biol. 4: 14.
16. Dyer, M.A. and Cepko, C. 2001a. Regulating proliferation during retinal development. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2: 333-342.
17. Kip2 regulate proliferation in distinct retinal progenitor cell populations. J. Neurosci. 21: 4259-4271.
18. Eisenman, R.N. 2001. Deconstructing myc. Genes & Dev. 15: 2023-2030.
19. ElShamy, W.M., Fridvall, L.K., and Ernfors, P. 1998. Growth arrest failure, G1 restriction point override, and S phase death of sensory precursor cells in the absence of neurotrophin-3. Neuron 21: 1003-1015.
20. Glickstein, N. and Millodot, M. 1970. Retinoscopy and eye size. Science 168: 605-606.
21. Grandori, C., Cowley, S.M., James, L.P., and Eisenman, R.N. 2000. The Myc/Max/Mad network and the transcriptional control of cell behavior. Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 16: 653-699.
22. Graus-Porta, D., Blaess, S., Senften, M., Littlewood-Evans, A., Damsky, C., Huang, Z., Orban, P., Klein, R., Schittny, J.C., and Muller, U. 2001. β1-class integrins regulate the development of laminae and folia in the cerebral and cerebellar cortex. Neuron 31: 367-379.
23. Green, E., Stubbs, J., and Levine, E.M. 2003. Genetic rescue of cell number in a mouse model of microphthalmia: Interactions between Chx10 and G1-phase cell cycle regulators. Development 130: 539-552.
24. Hatton, B.A., Knoepfler, P.S., Kenney, A.M., Rowitch, D.H., de Alboran, I.M., Olson, J.M., and Eisenman, R.N. 2006. N-myc is an essential downstream effector of Shh signaling during both normal and neoplastic cerebellar growth. Cancer Res. 66: 8655-8661.
25. Kenney, A.M., Cole, M.D., and Rowitch, D.H. 2003. Nmyc upregulation by sonic hedgehog signaling promotes proliferation in developing cerebellar granule neuron precursors. Development 130: 15-28.
26. Kleine-Kohlbrecher, D., Adhikary, S., and Eilers, M. 2006. Mechanisms of transcriptional repression by Myc. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 302: 51-62.
27. Knoepfler, P.S., Cheng, P.R., and Eisenman, R.N. 2002. N-myc is essential during neurogenesis for the rapid expansion of progenitor cell populations and the inhibition of neuronal differentiation. Genes & Dev. 16: 2699-2712.
28. Knoepfler, P.S., Zhang, X.Y., Cheng, P.F., Gafken, P.R., McMahon, S.B., and Eisenman, R.N. 2006. Myc influences global chromatin structure. EMBO J. 25: 2723-2734.
29. Lee, W.H., Murphree, A.L., and Benedict, W.F. 1984. Expression and amplification of the N-myc gene in primary retinoblastoma. Nature 309: 458-460.
30. Kip1 regulates cell cycle withdrawal of late multipotent progenitor cells in the mammalian retina. Dev. Biol. 219: 299-314.
31. Livesey, F.J. and Cepko, C.L. 2001. Vertebrate neural cell-fate determination: Lessons from the retina. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2: 109-118.
32. Lovicu, F.J. and Overbeek, P.A. 1998. Overlapping effects of different members of the FGF family on lens fiber differentiation in transgenic mice. Development 125: 3365-3377.
33. Lutz, W., Leon, J., and Eilers, M. 2002. Contributions of Myc to tumorigenesis. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1602: 61-71.
34. Ma, C., Papermaster, D., and Cepko, C.L. 1998. A unique pattern of photoreceptor degeneration in cyclin D1 mutant mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 95: 9938-9943.
35. McAvoy, J.W., Chamberlain, C.G., de Iongh, R.U., Richardson, N.A., and Lovicu, F.J. 1991. The role of fibroblast growth factor in eye lens development. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 638: 256-274.
36. MacPherson, D., Sage, J., Kim, T., Ho, D., McLaughlin, M.E., and Jacks, T. 2004. Cell type-specific effects of Rb deletion in the murine retina. Genes & Dev. 18: 1681-1694.
37. MacPherson, D., Conkrite, K., Tam, M., Mukai, S., Mu, D., and Jacks, T. 2007. Murine bilateral retinoblastoma exhibiting rapid-onset, metastatic progression and N-myc gene amplification. EMBO J. 26: 784-794.
38. Martins, R.A., Linden, R., and Dyer, M.A. 2006. Glutamate regulates retinal progenitors cells proliferation during development. Eur. J. Neurosci. 24: 969-980.
39. Matsuda, T. and Cepko, C.L. 2004. Electroporation and RNA interference in the rodent retina in vivo and in vitro. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 101: 16-22.
40. Nakamura, M., Matsuo, T., Stauffer, J., Neckers, L., and Thiele, C.J. 2003. Retinoic acid decreases targeting of p27 for degradation via an N-myc-dependent decrease in p27 phosphorylation and an N-myc-independent decrease in Skp2. Cell Death Differ. 10: 230-239.
41. Nesbit, C.E., Tersak, J.M., and Prochownik, E.V. 1999. MYC oncogenes and human neoplastic disease. Oncogene 18: 3004-3016.
42. Norton, T.T. and Siegwart Jr., J.T. 1995. Animal models of emmetropization: Matching axial length to the focal plane. J. Am. Optom. Assoc. 66: 405-414.
43. Okubo, T., Knoepfler, P.S., Eisenman, R.N., and Hogan, B.L. 2005. Nmyc plays an essential role during lung development as a dosage-sensitive regulator of progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation. Development 132: 1363-1374.
44. Oliver, T.G., Grasfeder, L.L., Carroll, A.L., Kaiser, C., Gillingham, C.L., Lin, S.M., Wickramasinghe, R., Scott, M.P., and Wechsler-Reya, R.J. 2003. Transcriptional profiling of the Sonic hedgehog response: A critical role for N-myc in proliferation of neuronal precursors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 100: 7331-7336.
45. Pounds, S. and Dyer, M.A. 2007. Statistical analysis of data from retroviral clonal experiments in the developing retina. Brain Res. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2007.08.074.
46. Remtulla, S. and Hallett, P.E. 1985. A schematic eye for the mouse, and comparisons with the rat. Vision Res. 25: 21-31.
47. Schweers, B.A. and Dyer, M.A. 2005. Perspective: New genetic tools for studying retinal development and disease. Vis. Neurosci. 22: 553-560.
48. Sicinski, P., Donaher, J.L., Parker, S.B., Li, T., Fazeli, A., Gardner, H., Haslam, S.Z., Bronson, R.T., Elledge, S.J., and Weinberg, R.A. 1995. Cyclin D1 provides a link between development and oncogenesis in the retina and breast. Cell 82: 621-630.
49. Stanton, B.R., Perkins, A.S., Tessarollo, L., Sassoon, D.A., and Parada, L.F. 1992. Loss of N-myc function results in embryonic lethality and failure of the epithelial component of the embryo to develop. Genes & Dev. 6: 2235-2247.
50. Tronche, F., Kellendonk, C., Kretz, O., Gass, P., Anlag, K., Orban, P.C., Bock, R., Klein, R., and Schutz, G. 1999. Disruption of the glucocorticoid receptor gene in the nervous system results in reduced anxiety. Nat. Genet. 23: 99-103.
51. Wallman, J. and Winawer, J. 2004. Homeostasis of eye growth and the question of myopia. Neuron 43: 447-468.
52. Wartiovaara, K., Barnabe-Heider, F., Miller, F., and Kaplan, D. 2002. N-myc promotes survival and induces S-phase entry of postmitotic sympathetic neurons. J. Neurosci. 22: 815-824.
53. Xie, L., Overbeek, P.A., and Reneker, L.W. 2006. Ras signaling is essential for lens cell proliferation and lens growth during development. Dev. Biol. 298: 403-414.
54. Kip1 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor gene by c-Myc. Oncogene 20: 1688-1702.
55. Zeller, K.I., Jegga, A.G., Aronow, B.J., O'Donnell, K.A., and Dang, C.V. 2003. An integrated database of genes responsive to the Myc oncogenic transcription factor: Identification of direct genomic targets. Genome Biol. 4: R69. doi: 10.1186/gb-2003-4-10-r69.
56. Kip1 coordinately regulate cerebellar development. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 103: 11579-11583.