메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 18, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 631-650

The Stroke Rehabilitation Paradigm

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ALPHA 2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; AMANTADINE; AMPHETAMINE; BASIC FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR; BROMOCRIPTINE; CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITOR; CLOPIDOGREL; LEVODOPA; METHYLPHENIDATE; MODAFINIL; NEUROLEPTIC AGENT; NORADRENALIN; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITOR; TICLOPIDINE;

EID: 35548937335     PISSN: 10479651     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.pmr.2007.07.006     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (24)

References (139)
  • 1
    • 35548942963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heart and Stroke Statistical Update. Heart and Stroke Statistical Update. 2007.
  • 2
    • 0034726397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strong and significant relationships between aggregation of major coronary risk factors and the acceleration of carotid atherosclerosis in the general population of a Japanese city: the Suita study
    • Mannami T., Baba S., and Ogata J. Strong and significant relationships between aggregation of major coronary risk factors and the acceleration of carotid atherosclerosis in the general population of a Japanese city: the Suita study. Arch Intern Med 160 15 (2000) 2297-2303
    • (2000) Arch Intern Med , vol.160 , Issue.15 , pp. 2297-2303
    • Mannami, T.1    Baba, S.2    Ogata, J.3
  • 3
    • 0025779484 scopus 로고
    • Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke: the Framingham study
    • Wolf P.A., Abbott R.D., and Kannel W.B. Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke: the Framingham study. Stroke 22 8 (1991) 983-988
    • (1991) Stroke , vol.22 , Issue.8 , pp. 983-988
    • Wolf, P.A.1    Abbott, R.D.2    Kannel, W.B.3
  • 4
    • 33644861843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The lifetime risk of stroke: estimates from the Framingham study
    • Seshadri S., Beiser A., Kelly-Hayes M., et al. The lifetime risk of stroke: estimates from the Framingham study. Stroke 37 2 (2006) 345-350
    • (2006) Stroke , vol.37 , Issue.2 , pp. 345-350
    • Seshadri, S.1    Beiser, A.2    Kelly-Hayes, M.3
  • 5
    • 33644867063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for prevention of stroke in patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Council on stroke. Co-sponsored by the Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention: the American Academy of Neurology affirms the value of this guideline
    • Sacco R.L., Adams R., Albers G., et al. Guidelines for prevention of stroke in patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Council on stroke. Co-sponsored by the Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention: the American Academy of Neurology affirms the value of this guideline. Stroke 37 2 (2006) 577-617
    • (2006) Stroke , vol.37 , Issue.2 , pp. 577-617
    • Sacco, R.L.1    Adams, R.2    Albers, G.3
  • 6
    • 0038460302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The seventh report of the Joint National Committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure: the JNC 7 report
    • Chobanian A.V., Bakris G.L., Black H.R., et al. The seventh report of the Joint National Committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure: the JNC 7 report. JAMA 289 19 (2003) 2560-2572
    • (2003) JAMA , vol.289 , Issue.19 , pp. 2560-2572
    • Chobanian, A.V.1    Bakris, G.L.2    Black, H.R.3
  • 7
    • 0242407651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between blood pressure and stroke risk in patients with symptomatic carotid occlusive disease
    • Rothwell P.M., Howard S.C., and Spence J.D. Relationship between blood pressure and stroke risk in patients with symptomatic carotid occlusive disease. Stroke 34 11 (2003) 2583-2590
    • (2003) Stroke , vol.34 , Issue.11 , pp. 2583-2590
    • Rothwell, P.M.1    Howard, S.C.2    Spence, J.D.3
  • 8
    • 0023845614 scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking as a risk factor for stroke: the Framingham study
    • Wolf P.A., D'Agostino R.B., Kannel W.B., et al. Cigarette smoking as a risk factor for stroke: the Framingham study. JAMA 259 7 (1988) 1025-1029
    • (1988) JAMA , vol.259 , Issue.7 , pp. 1025-1029
    • Wolf, P.A.1    D'Agostino, R.B.2    Kannel, W.B.3
  • 9
    • 84945702108 scopus 로고
    • Smoking cessation and decreased risk of stroke in women
    • Kawachi I., Colditz G.A., Stampfer M.J., et al. Smoking cessation and decreased risk of stroke in women. JAMA 269 2 (1993) 232-236
    • (1993) JAMA , vol.269 , Issue.2 , pp. 232-236
    • Kawachi, I.1    Colditz, G.A.2    Stampfer, M.J.3
  • 10
    • 0029001533 scopus 로고
    • Smoking cessation and the risk of stroke in middle-aged men
    • Wannamethee S.G., Shaper A.G., Whincup P.H., et al. Smoking cessation and the risk of stroke in middle-aged men. JAMA 274 2 (1995) 155-160
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.274 , Issue.2 , pp. 155-160
    • Wannamethee, S.G.1    Shaper, A.G.2    Whincup, P.H.3
  • 11
    • 2542601674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholesterol as a risk factor for stroke: the fugitive?
    • Piechowski-Jozwiak B., and Bogousslavsky J. Cholesterol as a risk factor for stroke: the fugitive?. Stroke 35 6 (2004) 1523-1524
    • (2004) Stroke , vol.35 , Issue.6 , pp. 1523-1524
    • Piechowski-Jozwiak, B.1    Bogousslavsky, J.2
  • 12
    • 2542609295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stroke and cholesterol: weakness of risk versus strength of therapy
    • Donnan G.A., and Davis S.M. Stroke and cholesterol: weakness of risk versus strength of therapy. Stroke 35 6 (2004) 1526-1530
    • (2004) Stroke , vol.35 , Issue.6 , pp. 1526-1530
    • Donnan, G.A.1    Davis, S.M.2
  • 13
    • 3142729178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implications of recent clinical trials for the national cholesterol education program adult treatment panel III guidelines
    • Grundy S.M., Cleeman J.I., Merz C.N., et al. Implications of recent clinical trials for the national cholesterol education program adult treatment panel III guidelines. Circulation 110 2 (2004) 227-239
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.110 , Issue.2 , pp. 227-239
    • Grundy, S.M.1    Cleeman, J.I.2    Merz, C.N.3
  • 14
    • 0037463824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of lipid-lowering therapies on stroke prevention: a meta-analysis of randomized trials
    • Corvol J.C., Bouzamondo A., Sirol M., et al. Differential effects of lipid-lowering therapies on stroke prevention: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Arch Intern Med 163 6 (2003) 669-676
    • (2003) Arch Intern Med , vol.163 , Issue.6 , pp. 669-676
    • Corvol, J.C.1    Bouzamondo, A.2    Sirol, M.3
  • 15
    • 0031982986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of HMGcoA reductase inhibitors on stroke: a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials
    • Bucher H.C., Griffith L.E., and Guyatt G.H. Effect of HMGcoA reductase inhibitors on stroke: a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials. Ann Intern Med 128 2 (1998) 89-95
    • (1998) Ann Intern Med , vol.128 , Issue.2 , pp. 89-95
    • Bucher, H.C.1    Griffith, L.E.2    Guyatt, G.H.3
  • 16
    • 0034056466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between high homocyst(e)ine and ischemic stroke due to large- and small-artery disease but not other etiologic subtypes of ischemic stroke
    • Eikelboom J.W., Hankey G.J., Anand S.S., et al. Association between high homocyst(e)ine and ischemic stroke due to large- and small-artery disease but not other etiologic subtypes of ischemic stroke. Stroke 31 5 (2000) 1069-1075
    • (2000) Stroke , vol.31 , Issue.5 , pp. 1069-1075
    • Eikelboom, J.W.1    Hankey, G.J.2    Anand, S.S.3
  • 17
    • 2942548943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum total homocysteine concentrations and risk of stroke and its subtypes in Japanese
    • Iso H., Moriyama Y., Sato S., et al. Serum total homocysteine concentrations and risk of stroke and its subtypes in Japanese. Circulation 109 22 (2004) 2766-2772
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.109 , Issue.22 , pp. 2766-2772
    • Iso, H.1    Moriyama, Y.2    Sato, S.3
  • 18
    • 4744346011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homocysteine and the risk of ischemic stroke in a triethnic cohort: the NOrthern MAnhattan study
    • Sacco R.L., Anand K., Lee H.S., et al. Homocysteine and the risk of ischemic stroke in a triethnic cohort: the NOrthern MAnhattan study. Stroke 35 10 (2004) 2263-2269
    • (2004) Stroke , vol.35 , Issue.10 , pp. 2263-2269
    • Sacco, R.L.1    Anand, K.2    Lee, H.S.3
  • 19
    • 0034701031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperfibrinogenemia is associated with specific histocytological composition and complications of atherosclerotic carotid plaques in patients affected by transient ischemic attacks
    • Mauriello A., Sangiorgi G., Palmieri G., et al. Hyperfibrinogenemia is associated with specific histocytological composition and complications of atherosclerotic carotid plaques in patients affected by transient ischemic attacks. Circulation 101 7 (2000) 744-750
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.101 , Issue.7 , pp. 744-750
    • Mauriello, A.1    Sangiorgi, G.2    Palmieri, G.3
  • 20
    • 0029248513 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors and outcomes for ischemic stroke
    • Sacco R.L. Risk factors and outcomes for ischemic stroke. Neurology 45 2 Suppl 1 (1995) S10-S14
    • (1995) Neurology , vol.45 , Issue.2 SUPPL. 1
    • Sacco, R.L.1
  • 21
    • 0023935460 scopus 로고
    • Risk of recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction and epilepsy during long-term follow-up after stroke
    • Viitanen M., Eriksson S., and Asplund K. Risk of recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction and epilepsy during long-term follow-up after stroke. Eur Neurol 28 4 (1988) 227-231
    • (1988) Eur Neurol , vol.28 , Issue.4 , pp. 227-231
    • Viitanen, M.1    Eriksson, S.2    Asplund, K.3
  • 22
    • 0033553874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A metaregression analysis of the dose-response effect of aspirin on stroke
    • Johnson E.S., Lanes S.F., Wentworth III C.E., et al. A metaregression analysis of the dose-response effect of aspirin on stroke. Arch Intern Med 159 11 (1999) 1248-1253
    • (1999) Arch Intern Med , vol.159 , Issue.11 , pp. 1248-1253
    • Johnson, E.S.1    Lanes, S.F.2    Wentworth III, C.E.3
  • 23
    • 0028876995 scopus 로고
    • Aspirin and other platelet-active drugs: the relationship among dose, effectiveness, and side effects
    • Hirsh J., Dalen J.E., Fuster V., et al. Aspirin and other platelet-active drugs: the relationship among dose, effectiveness, and side effects. Chest 108 Suppl 4 (1995) 247S-257S
    • (1995) Chest , vol.108 , Issue.SUPPL. 4
    • Hirsh, J.1    Dalen, J.E.2    Fuster, V.3
  • 24
    • 0024396437 scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial comparing ticlopidine hydrochloride with aspirin for the prevention of stroke in high-risk patients: ticlopidine aspirin stroke study group
    • Hass W.K., Easton J.D., Adams Jr. H.P., et al. A randomized trial comparing ticlopidine hydrochloride with aspirin for the prevention of stroke in high-risk patients: ticlopidine aspirin stroke study group. N Engl J Med 321 8 (1989) 501-507
    • (1989) N Engl J Med , vol.321 , Issue.8 , pp. 501-507
    • Hass, W.K.1    Easton, J.D.2    Adams Jr., H.P.3
  • 25
    • 0030590746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomised, blinded, trial of clopidogrel versus aspirin in patients at risk of ischaemic events (CAPRIE)
    • Committee C.S. A randomised, blinded, trial of clopidogrel versus aspirin in patients at risk of ischaemic events (CAPRIE). Lancet 348 9038 (1996) 1329-1339
    • (1996) Lancet , vol.348 , Issue.9038 , pp. 1329-1339
    • Committee, C.S.1
  • 26
    • 0030297319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European stroke prevention study. 2. Dipyridamole and acetylsalicylic acid in the secondary prevention of stroke
    • Diener H.C., Cunha L., Forbes C., et al. European stroke prevention study. 2. Dipyridamole and acetylsalicylic acid in the secondary prevention of stroke. J Neurol Sci 143 1-2 (1996) 1-13
    • (1996) J Neurol Sci , vol.143 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 1-13
    • Diener, H.C.1    Cunha, L.2    Forbes, C.3
  • 27
    • 14844301718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of aspirin plus extended-release dipyridamole in preventing recurrent stroke in high-risk populations
    • Sacco R.L., Sivenius J., and Diener H.C. Efficacy of aspirin plus extended-release dipyridamole in preventing recurrent stroke in high-risk populations. Arch Neurol 62 3 (2005) 403-408
    • (2005) Arch Neurol , vol.62 , Issue.3 , pp. 403-408
    • Sacco, R.L.1    Sivenius, J.2    Diener, H.C.3
  • 28
    • 33744984555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dipyridamole plus aspirin for stroke prevention
    • Easton J.D. Dipyridamole plus aspirin for stroke prevention. Lancet Neurol 5 7 (2006) 553-554
    • (2006) Lancet Neurol , vol.5 , Issue.7 , pp. 553-554
    • Easton, J.D.1
  • 29
    • 33646575927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dipyridamole with aspirin for secondary stroke prevention
    • Norrving B. Dipyridamole with aspirin for secondary stroke prevention. Lancet 367 9523 (2006) 1638-1639
    • (2006) Lancet , vol.367 , Issue.9523 , pp. 1638-1639
    • Norrving, B.1
  • 30
    • 0025734372 scopus 로고
    • Beneficial effect of carotid endarterectomy in symptomatic patients with high-grade carotid stenosis
    • North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators
    • North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators. Beneficial effect of carotid endarterectomy in symptomatic patients with high-grade carotid stenosis. N Engl J Med 325 7 (1991) 445-453
    • (1991) N Engl J Med , vol.325 , Issue.7 , pp. 445-453
  • 31
    • 0027389965 scopus 로고
    • Carotid endarterectomy for asymptomatic carotid stenosis
    • Barnett H.J., and Haines S.J. Carotid endarterectomy for asymptomatic carotid stenosis. N Engl J Med 328 4 (1993) 276-279
    • (1993) N Engl J Med , vol.328 , Issue.4 , pp. 276-279
    • Barnett, H.J.1    Haines, S.J.2
  • 32
    • 0027441425 scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of carotid endarterectomy for asymptomatic carotid stenosis
    • Hobson R.W., Weiss D.G., Fields W.S., et al. Efficacy of carotid endarterectomy for asymptomatic carotid stenosis. N Engl J Med 328 4 (1993) 221-227
    • (1993) N Engl J Med , vol.328 , Issue.4 , pp. 221-227
    • Hobson, R.W.1    Weiss, D.G.2    Fields, W.S.3
  • 33
    • 9544222721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pregnancy and the risk of stroke
    • Kittner S.J., Stern B.J., Feeser B.R., et al. Pregnancy and the risk of stroke. N Engl J Med 335 11 (1996) 768-774
    • (1996) N Engl J Med , vol.335 , Issue.11 , pp. 768-774
    • Kittner, S.J.1    Stern, B.J.2    Feeser, B.R.3
  • 34
    • 0037534909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of estrogen plus progestin on stroke in postmenopausal women: the women's health initiative. A randomized trial
    • Wassertheil-Smoller S., Hendrix S., Limacher M., et al. Effect of estrogen plus progestin on stroke in postmenopausal women: the women's health initiative. A randomized trial. JAMA 289 20 (2003) 2673-2684
    • (2003) JAMA , vol.289 , Issue.20 , pp. 2673-2684
    • Wassertheil-Smoller, S.1    Hendrix, S.2    Limacher, M.3
  • 35
    • 0037125379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results from the women's health initiative randomized controlled trial
    • Writing Group for the Women's Health Initiative I. Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results from the women's health initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA 288 3 (2002) 321-333
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , Issue.3 , pp. 321-333
    • Writing Group for the Women's Health Initiative I1
  • 36
    • 0031714373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physical activity and stroke incidence: the Harvard alumni health study
    • Lee I.M., and Paffenbarger Jr. R.S. Physical activity and stroke incidence: the Harvard alumni health study. Stroke 29 10 (1998) 2049-2054
    • (1998) Stroke , vol.29 , Issue.10 , pp. 2049-2054
    • Lee, I.M.1    Paffenbarger Jr., R.S.2
  • 37
    • 0031884140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leisure-time physical activity and ischemic stroke risk: the Northern Manhattan stroke study
    • Sacco R.L., Gan R., Boden-Albala B., et al. Leisure-time physical activity and ischemic stroke risk: the Northern Manhattan stroke study. Stroke 29 2 (1998) 380-387
    • (1998) Stroke , vol.29 , Issue.2 , pp. 380-387
    • Sacco, R.L.1    Gan, R.2    Boden-Albala, B.3
  • 38
    • 0000538225 scopus 로고
    • The restoration of motor function following hemiplegia in man
    • Twitchell T.E. The restoration of motor function following hemiplegia in man. Brain 74 4 (1951) 443-480
    • (1951) Brain , vol.74 , Issue.4 , pp. 443-480
    • Twitchell, T.E.1
  • 39
    • 0030760175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intracisternal basic fibroblast growth factor enhances functional recovery and up-regulates the expression of a molecular marker of neuronal sprouting following focal cerebral infarction
    • Kawamata T., Dietrich W.D., Schallert T., et al. Intracisternal basic fibroblast growth factor enhances functional recovery and up-regulates the expression of a molecular marker of neuronal sprouting following focal cerebral infarction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94 15 (1997) 8179-8184
    • (1997) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.94 , Issue.15 , pp. 8179-8184
    • Kawamata, T.1    Dietrich, W.D.2    Schallert, T.3
  • 40
    • 0031974190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pilot study of functional MRI to assess cerebral activation of motor function after poststroke hemiparesis
    • Cao Y., D'Olhaberriague L., Vikingstad E.M., et al. Pilot study of functional MRI to assess cerebral activation of motor function after poststroke hemiparesis. Stroke 29 1 (1998) 112-122
    • (1998) Stroke , vol.29 , Issue.1 , pp. 112-122
    • Cao, Y.1    D'Olhaberriague, L.2    Vikingstad, E.M.3
  • 41
    • 0032477790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The acquisition of skilled motor performance: fast and slow experience-driven changes in primary motor cortex
    • Karni A., Meyer G., Rey-Hipolito C., et al. The acquisition of skilled motor performance: fast and slow experience-driven changes in primary motor cortex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95 3 (1998) 861-868
    • (1998) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.95 , Issue.3 , pp. 861-868
    • Karni, A.1    Meyer, G.2    Rey-Hipolito, C.3
  • 42
    • 0142246340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural correlates of motor recovery after stroke: a longitudinal fMRI study
    • Ward N.S., Brown M.M., Thompson A.J., et al. Neural correlates of motor recovery after stroke: a longitudinal fMRI study. Brain 126 11 (2003) 2476-2496
    • (2003) Brain , vol.126 , Issue.11 , pp. 2476-2496
    • Ward, N.S.1    Brown, M.M.2    Thompson, A.J.3
  • 43
    • 2542622949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of time after stroke on brain activations during a motor task
    • Ward N.S., Brown M.M., Thompson A.J., et al. The influence of time after stroke on brain activations during a motor task. Ann Neurol 55 6 (2004) 829-834
    • (2004) Ann Neurol , vol.55 , Issue.6 , pp. 829-834
    • Ward, N.S.1    Brown, M.M.2    Thompson, A.J.3
  • 44
    • 33751395153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns of normal human brain plasticity after practice and their implications for neurorehabilitation
    • Kelly C., Foxe J.J., and Garavan H. Patterns of normal human brain plasticity after practice and their implications for neurorehabilitation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 87 Suppl 12 (2006) 20-29
    • (2006) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.87 , Issue.SUPPL. 12 , pp. 20-29
    • Kelly, C.1    Foxe, J.J.2    Garavan, H.3
  • 45
    • 0038652058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional neuroimaging studies of motor recovery after stroke in adults: a review
    • Calautti C., and Baron J.C. Functional neuroimaging studies of motor recovery after stroke in adults: a review. Stroke 34 6 (2003) 1553-1566
    • (2003) Stroke , vol.34 , Issue.6 , pp. 1553-1566
    • Calautti, C.1    Baron, J.C.2
  • 49
    • 0028246312 scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of electromyographic biofeedback compared with conventional physical therapy for upper-extremity function in patients following stroke: a research overview and meta-analysis
    • Moreland J., and Thomson M.A. Efficacy of electromyographic biofeedback compared with conventional physical therapy for upper-extremity function in patients following stroke: a research overview and meta-analysis. Phys Ther 74 6 (1994) 534-543
    • (1994) Phys Ther , vol.74 , Issue.6 , pp. 534-543
    • Moreland, J.1    Thomson, M.A.2
  • 50
    • 0022553354 scopus 로고
    • Stroke rehabilitation: three exercise therapy approaches
    • Dickstein R., Hocherman S., Pillar T., et al. Stroke rehabilitation: three exercise therapy approaches. Phys Ther 66 8 (1986) 1233-1238
    • (1986) Phys Ther , vol.66 , Issue.8 , pp. 1233-1238
    • Dickstein, R.1    Hocherman, S.2    Pillar, T.3
  • 51
    • 0023264304 scopus 로고
    • Stroke treatment: comparison of integrated behavioral-physical therapy vs traditional physical therapy programs
    • Basmajian J.V., Gowland C.A., Finlayson M.A., et al. Stroke treatment: comparison of integrated behavioral-physical therapy vs traditional physical therapy programs. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 68 5 Pt 1 (1987) 267-272
    • (1987) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.68 , Issue.5 PART 1 , pp. 267-272
    • Basmajian, J.V.1    Gowland, C.A.2    Finlayson, M.A.3
  • 52
    • 35548930982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Schmidt RA. Motor learning principles for physical therapy. Contemporary Management of Motor Control Problems: Proceedings of the II STEP Conference. Alexandria VA Foundation for Physical Therapy; 1991. p. 49-63.
  • 53
    • 0031799182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new approach to retrain gait in stroke patients through body weight support and treadmill stimulation
    • Visintin M., Barbeau H., Korner-Bitensky N., et al. A new approach to retrain gait in stroke patients through body weight support and treadmill stimulation. Stroke 29 6 (1998) 1122-1128
    • (1998) Stroke , vol.29 , Issue.6 , pp. 1122-1128
    • Visintin, M.1    Barbeau, H.2    Korner-Bitensky, N.3
  • 54
    • 0031937575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use-dependent exacerbation of brain damage occurs during an early post-lesion vulnerable period
    • Humm J.L., Kozlowski D.A., James D.C., et al. Use-dependent exacerbation of brain damage occurs during an early post-lesion vulnerable period. Brain Res 783 2 (1998) 286-292
    • (1998) Brain Res , vol.783 , Issue.2 , pp. 286-292
    • Humm, J.L.1    Kozlowski, D.A.2    James, D.C.3
  • 55
    • 1842610747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Upper and lower extremity robotic devices for rehabilitation and for studying motor control
    • Hesse S., Schmidt H., Werner C., et al. Upper and lower extremity robotic devices for rehabilitation and for studying motor control. Curr Opin Neurol 16 6 (2003) 705-710
    • (2003) Curr Opin Neurol , vol.16 , Issue.6 , pp. 705-710
    • Hesse, S.1    Schmidt, H.2    Werner, C.3
  • 56
    • 0033013413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of severity of arm impairment on response to additional physiotherapy early after stroke
    • Parry R.H., Lincoln N.B., and Vass C.D. Effect of severity of arm impairment on response to additional physiotherapy early after stroke. Clin Rehabil 13 3 (1999) 187-198
    • (1999) Clin Rehabil , vol.13 , Issue.3 , pp. 187-198
    • Parry, R.H.1    Lincoln, N.B.2    Vass, C.D.3
  • 57
    • 0027394638 scopus 로고
    • Technique to improve chronic motor deficit after stroke
    • Taub E., Miller N.E., Novack T.A., et al. Technique to improve chronic motor deficit after stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 74 4 (1993) 347-354
    • (1993) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.74 , Issue.4 , pp. 347-354
    • Taub, E.1    Miller, N.E.2    Novack, T.A.3
  • 58
    • 33748973173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activity-based therapies
    • Dromerick A., Lum P., and Hidler J. Activity-based therapies. NeuroRx 3 4 (2006) 428-438
    • (2006) NeuroRx , vol.3 , Issue.4 , pp. 428-438
    • Dromerick, A.1    Lum, P.2    Hidler, J.3
  • 59
    • 14744270069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relation between therapy intensity and outcomes of rehabilitation in skilled nursing facilities
    • Jette D.U., Warren R.L., and Wirtalla C. The relation between therapy intensity and outcomes of rehabilitation in skilled nursing facilities. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 86 3 (2005) 373-379
    • (2005) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.86 , Issue.3 , pp. 373-379
    • Jette, D.U.1    Warren, R.L.2    Wirtalla, C.3
  • 60
    • 0030838543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of intensity of rehabilitation after stroke: a research synthesis
    • Kwakkel G., Wagenaar R.C., Koelman T.W., et al. Effects of intensity of rehabilitation after stroke: a research synthesis. Stroke 28 8 (1997) 1550-1556
    • (1997) Stroke , vol.28 , Issue.8 , pp. 1550-1556
    • Kwakkel, G.1    Wagenaar, R.C.2    Koelman, T.W.3
  • 61
    • 7644224204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relative importance of rehabilitation therapy characteristics on functional outcomes for persons with stroke
    • Bode R.K., Heinemann A.W., Semik P., et al. Relative importance of rehabilitation therapy characteristics on functional outcomes for persons with stroke. Stroke 35 11 (2004) 2537-2542
    • (2004) Stroke , vol.35 , Issue.11 , pp. 2537-2542
    • Bode, R.K.1    Heinemann, A.W.2    Semik, P.3
  • 62
    • 33748978945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurorestorative treatment of stroke: cell and pharmacological approaches
    • Chen J., and Chopp M. Neurorestorative treatment of stroke: cell and pharmacological approaches. NeuroRx 3 4 (2006) 466-473
    • (2006) NeuroRx , vol.3 , Issue.4 , pp. 466-473
    • Chen, J.1    Chopp, M.2
  • 63
    • 0033937099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High intensity strength training improves strength and functional performance after stroke
    • Weiss A., Suzuki T., Bean J., et al. High intensity strength training improves strength and functional performance after stroke. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 79 4 (2000) 369-376
    • (2000) Am J Phys Med Rehabil , vol.79 , Issue.4 , pp. 369-376
    • Weiss, A.1    Suzuki, T.2    Bean, J.3
  • 65
    • 2542557594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-intensity resistance training improves muscle strength, self-reported function, and disability in long-term stroke survivors
    • Ouellette M.M., LeBrasseur N.K., Bean J.F., et al. High-intensity resistance training improves muscle strength, self-reported function, and disability in long-term stroke survivors. Stroke 35 6 (2004) 1404-1409
    • (2004) Stroke , vol.35 , Issue.6 , pp. 1404-1409
    • Ouellette, M.M.1    LeBrasseur, N.K.2    Bean, J.F.3
  • 66
    • 0037311358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for strength imbalances as a significant contributor to abnormal synergies in hemiparetic subjects
    • Lum P.S., Burgar C.G., and Shor P.C. Evidence for strength imbalances as a significant contributor to abnormal synergies in hemiparetic subjects. Muscle Nerve 27 2 (2003) 211-221
    • (2003) Muscle Nerve , vol.27 , Issue.2 , pp. 211-221
    • Lum, P.S.1    Burgar, C.G.2    Shor, P.C.3
  • 67
    • 0029031551 scopus 로고
    • Resistance training modes: specificity and effectiveness
    • Morrissey M.C., Harman E.A., and Johnson M.J. Resistance training modes: specificity and effectiveness. Med Sci Sports Exerc 27 5 (1995) 648-660
    • (1995) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.27 , Issue.5 , pp. 648-660
    • Morrissey, M.C.1    Harman, E.A.2    Johnson, M.J.3
  • 69
    • 0038559587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired insulin sensitivity among nondiabetic patients with a recent TIA or ischemic stroke
    • Kernan W.N., Inzucchi S.E., Viscoli C.M., et al. Impaired insulin sensitivity among nondiabetic patients with a recent TIA or ischemic stroke. Neurology 60 9 (2003) 1447-1451
    • (2003) Neurology , vol.60 , Issue.9 , pp. 1447-1451
    • Kernan, W.N.1    Inzucchi, S.E.2    Viscoli, C.M.3
  • 70
    • 0036896384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemiparetic muscle atrophy and increased intramuscular fat in stroke patients
    • Ryan A.S., Dobrovolny C.L., Smith G.V., et al. Hemiparetic muscle atrophy and increased intramuscular fat in stroke patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 83 12 (2002) 1703-1707
    • (2002) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.83 , Issue.12 , pp. 1703-1707
    • Ryan, A.S.1    Dobrovolny, C.L.2    Smith, G.V.3
  • 71
    • 0042418555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized clinical trial of therapeutic exercise in subacute stroke
    • Duncan P., Studenski S., Richards L., et al. Randomized clinical trial of therapeutic exercise in subacute stroke. Stroke 34 9 (2003) 2173-2180
    • (2003) Stroke , vol.34 , Issue.9 , pp. 2173-2180
    • Duncan, P.1    Studenski, S.2    Richards, L.3
  • 72
    • 3042526080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Water-based exercise for cardiovascular fitness in people with chronic stroke: a randomized controlled trial
    • Chu K.S., Eng J.J., Dawson A.S., et al. Water-based exercise for cardiovascular fitness in people with chronic stroke: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 85 6 (2004) 870-874
    • (2004) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.85 , Issue.6 , pp. 870-874
    • Chu, K.S.1    Eng, J.J.2    Dawson, A.S.3
  • 73
    • 33747429787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constraint-induced movement therapy: answers and questions after two decades of research
    • Taub E., and Uswatt G. Constraint-induced movement therapy: answers and questions after two decades of research. NeuroRehabilitation 21 2 (2006) 93-95
    • (2006) NeuroRehabilitation , vol.21 , Issue.2 , pp. 93-95
    • Taub, E.1    Uswatt, G.2
  • 74
    • 20444385421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AutoCITE: automated delivery of CI therapy with reduced effort by therapists
    • Taub E., Lum P.S., Hardin P., et al. AutoCITE: automated delivery of CI therapy with reduced effort by therapists. Stroke 36 6 (2005) 1301-1304
    • (2005) Stroke , vol.36 , Issue.6 , pp. 1301-1304
    • Taub, E.1    Lum, P.S.2    Hardin, P.3
  • 75
    • 33645836116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A placebo-controlled trial of constraint-induced movement therapy for upper extremity after stroke
    • Taub E., Uswatte G., King D.K., et al. A placebo-controlled trial of constraint-induced movement therapy for upper extremity after stroke. Stroke 37 4 (2006) 1045-1049
    • (2006) Stroke , vol.37 , Issue.4 , pp. 1045-1049
    • Taub, E.1    Uswatte, G.2    King, D.K.3
  • 76
    • 0032721340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forced use of the upper extremity in chronic stroke patients: results from a single-blind randomized clinical trial
    • Van Der Lee J.H., Wagenaar R.C., Lankhorst G.J., et al. Forced use of the upper extremity in chronic stroke patients: results from a single-blind randomized clinical trial. Stroke 30 11 (1999) 2369-2375
    • (1999) Stroke , vol.30 , Issue.11 , pp. 2369-2375
    • Van Der Lee, J.H.1    Wagenaar, R.C.2    Lankhorst, G.J.3
  • 77
    • 0033662057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does the application of constraint-induced movement therapy during acute rehabilitation reduce arm impairment after ischemic stroke?
    • Dromerick A.W., Edwards D.F., and Hahn M. Does the application of constraint-induced movement therapy during acute rehabilitation reduce arm impairment after ischemic stroke?. Stroke 31 12 (2000) 2984-2988
    • (2000) Stroke , vol.31 , Issue.12 , pp. 2984-2988
    • Dromerick, A.W.1    Edwards, D.F.2    Hahn, M.3
  • 78
    • 13444310758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distributed form of constraint-induced movement therapy improves functional outcome and quality of life after stroke
    • Dettmers C., Teske U., Hamzei F., et al. Distributed form of constraint-induced movement therapy improves functional outcome and quality of life after stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 86 2 (2005) 204-209
    • (2005) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.86 , Issue.2 , pp. 204-209
    • Dettmers, C.1    Teske, U.2    Hamzei, F.3
  • 79
    • 0035706065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modified constraint induced therapy: a randomized feasibility and efficacy study
    • Page S.J., Sisto S.A., Levine P., et al. Modified constraint induced therapy: a randomized feasibility and efficacy study. J Rehabil Res Dev 38 5 (2001) 583-590
    • (2001) J Rehabil Res Dev , vol.38 , Issue.5 , pp. 583-590
    • Page, S.J.1    Sisto, S.A.2    Levine, P.3
  • 80
    • 0346098319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of modified constraint-induced movement therapy in chronic stroke: a single-blinded randomized controlled trial
    • Page S.J., Sisto S., Levine P., et al. Efficacy of modified constraint-induced movement therapy in chronic stroke: a single-blinded randomized controlled trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 85 1 (2004) 14-18
    • (2004) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.85 , Issue.1 , pp. 14-18
    • Page, S.J.1    Sisto, S.2    Levine, P.3
  • 81
    • 33847242988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized controlled trial of modified constraint-induced movement therapy for elderly stroke survivors: changes in motor impairment, daily functioning, and quality of life
    • Wu C.Y., Chen C.L., Tsai W.C., et al. A randomized controlled trial of modified constraint-induced movement therapy for elderly stroke survivors: changes in motor impairment, daily functioning, and quality of life. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 88 3 (2007) 273-278
    • (2007) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.88 , Issue.3 , pp. 273-278
    • Wu, C.Y.1    Chen, C.L.2    Tsai, W.C.3
  • 82
    • 0031656504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methylphenidate in early poststroke recovery: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study
    • Grade C., Redford B., Chrostowski J., et al. Methylphenidate in early poststroke recovery: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 79 9 (1998) 1047-1050
    • (1998) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.79 , Issue.9 , pp. 1047-1050
    • Grade, C.1    Redford, B.2    Chrostowski, J.3
  • 83
    • 0038386024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lesions of the basal forebrain cholinergic system impair task acquisition and abolish cortical plasticity associated with motor skill learning
    • Conner J.M., Culberson A., Packowski C., et al. Lesions of the basal forebrain cholinergic system impair task acquisition and abolish cortical plasticity associated with motor skill learning. Neuron 38 5 (2003) 819-829
    • (2003) Neuron , vol.38 , Issue.5 , pp. 819-829
    • Conner, J.M.1    Culberson, A.2    Packowski, C.3
  • 84
    • 0036082814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic influences on use-dependent plasticity
    • Sawaki L., Boroojerdi B., Kaelin-lang A., et al. Cholinergic influences on use-dependent plasticity. J Neurophysiol 87 1 (2002) 166-171
    • (2002) J Neurophysiol , vol.87 , Issue.1 , pp. 166-171
    • Sawaki, L.1    Boroojerdi, B.2    Kaelin-lang, A.3
  • 85
    • 0035828396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of levodopa in combination with physiotherapy on functional motor recovery after stroke: a prospective, randomised, double-blind study
    • Scheidtmann K., Fries W., Müller F., et al. Effect of levodopa in combination with physiotherapy on functional motor recovery after stroke: a prospective, randomised, double-blind study. Lancet 358 9284 (2001) 787-790
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.358 , Issue.9284 , pp. 787-790
    • Scheidtmann, K.1    Fries, W.2    Müller, F.3
  • 86
    • 0037159190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhancement of use-dependent plasticity by D-amphetamine
    • Sawaki L., Cohen L.G., Classen J., et al. Enhancement of use-dependent plasticity by D-amphetamine. Neurology 59 8 (2002) 1262-1264
    • (2002) Neurology , vol.59 , Issue.8 , pp. 1262-1264
    • Sawaki, L.1    Cohen, L.G.2    Classen, J.3
  • 87
    • 0038386710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological modulation of perceptual learning and associated cortical reorganization
    • Dinse H.R., Ragert P., Pleger B., et al. Pharmacological modulation of perceptual learning and associated cortical reorganization. Science 301 5629 (2003) 91-94
    • (2003) Science , vol.301 , Issue.5629 , pp. 91-94
    • Dinse, H.R.1    Ragert, P.2    Pleger, B.3
  • 88
    • 0036329734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A single dose of the serotonin neurotransmission agonist paroxetine enhances motor output: double-blind, placebo-controlled, fMRI study in healthy subjects
    • Loubinoux I., Pariente J., Boulanouar K., et al. A single dose of the serotonin neurotransmission agonist paroxetine enhances motor output: double-blind, placebo-controlled, fMRI study in healthy subjects. Neuroimage 15 1 (2002) 26-36
    • (2002) Neuroimage , vol.15 , Issue.1 , pp. 26-36
    • Loubinoux, I.1    Pariente, J.2    Boulanouar, K.3
  • 89
    • 0035202993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluoxetine modulates motor performance and cerebral activation of patients recovering from stroke
    • Pariente J., Loubinoux I., Carel C., et al. Fluoxetine modulates motor performance and cerebral activation of patients recovering from stroke. Ann Neurol 50 6 (2001) 718-729
    • (2001) Ann Neurol , vol.50 , Issue.6 , pp. 718-729
    • Pariente, J.1    Loubinoux, I.2    Carel, C.3
  • 90
    • 0029019189 scopus 로고
    • Common drugs may influence motor recovery after stroke. The sygen In acute stroke study investigators
    • Goldstein L. Common drugs may influence motor recovery after stroke. The sygen In acute stroke study investigators. Neurology 45 5 (1995) 865-871
    • (1995) Neurology , vol.45 , Issue.5 , pp. 865-871
    • Goldstein, L.1
  • 91
    • 33749124754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurotransmitters and motor activity: effects on functional recovery after brain injury
    • Goldstein L. Neurotransmitters and motor activity: effects on functional recovery after brain injury. NeuroRx 3 4 (2006) 451-457
    • (2006) NeuroRx , vol.3 , Issue.4 , pp. 451-457
    • Goldstein, L.1
  • 92
    • 31144448127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurostimulant medication usage during stroke rehabilitation: the post-stroke rehabilitation outcomes project (PSROP)
    • Zorowitz R.D., Smout R.J., Gassaway J.A., et al. Neurostimulant medication usage during stroke rehabilitation: the post-stroke rehabilitation outcomes project (PSROP). Top Stroke Rehabil 12 4 (2005) 28-36
    • (2005) Top Stroke Rehabil , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. 28-36
    • Zorowitz, R.D.1    Smout, R.J.2    Gassaway, J.A.3
  • 93
    • 0242556419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stroke motor recovery: active neuromuscular stimulation and repetitive practice schedules
    • Cauraugh J.H., and Kim S.B. Stroke motor recovery: active neuromuscular stimulation and repetitive practice schedules. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 74 11 (2003) 1562-1566
    • (2003) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.74 , Issue.11 , pp. 1562-1566
    • Cauraugh, J.H.1    Kim, S.B.2
  • 94
    • 0036522495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving selected hand functions using a noninvasive neuroprosthesis in persons with chronic stroke
    • Alon G., McBride K., and Ring H. Improving selected hand functions using a noninvasive neuroprosthesis in persons with chronic stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 11 2 (2002) 99-106
    • (2002) J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis , vol.11 , Issue.2 , pp. 99-106
    • Alon, G.1    McBride, K.2    Ring, H.3
  • 95
    • 18244396321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modern therapeutic approaches in the rehabilitation of walking ability after stroke response
    • Woldag H., and Hui-Chan C.W.Y. Modern therapeutic approaches in the rehabilitation of walking ability after stroke response. Stroke 36 5 (2005) 932-933
    • (2005) Stroke , vol.36 , Issue.5 , pp. 932-933
    • Woldag, H.1    Hui-Chan, C.W.Y.2
  • 96
    • 1542377573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First clinical experience with BION implants for therapeutic electrical stimulation
    • Salter A.C.D., Bagg S.D., Creasy J.L., et al. First clinical experience with BION implants for therapeutic electrical stimulation. Neuromodulation 7 1 (2004) 38-47
    • (2004) Neuromodulation , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 38-47
    • Salter, A.C.D.1    Bagg, S.D.2    Creasy, J.L.3
  • 97
    • 0027024195 scopus 로고
    • Lower extremity applications of functional neuromuscular stimulation
    • Jaeger R.J. Lower extremity applications of functional neuromuscular stimulation. Assist Technol 4 1 (1992) 19-30
    • (1992) Assist Technol , vol.4 , Issue.1 , pp. 19-30
    • Jaeger, R.J.1
  • 98
    • 10044297397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms underlying recovery of motor function after stroke
    • Ward N.S., and Cohen L.G. Mechanisms underlying recovery of motor function after stroke. Arch Neurol 61 12 (2004) 1844-1848
    • (2004) Arch Neurol , vol.61 , Issue.12 , pp. 1844-1848
    • Ward, N.S.1    Cohen, L.G.2
  • 99
    • 13444280136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor cortex stimulation for central and neuropathic facial pain: a prospective study of 10 patients and observations of enhanced sensory and motor function during stimulation
    • [discussion: 290-7]
    • Brown J.A., and Pilitsis J.G. Motor cortex stimulation for central and neuropathic facial pain: a prospective study of 10 patients and observations of enhanced sensory and motor function during stimulation. Neurosurgery 56 2 (2005) 290-297 [discussion: 290-7]
    • (2005) Neurosurgery , vol.56 , Issue.2 , pp. 290-297
    • Brown, J.A.1    Pilitsis, J.G.2
  • 100
    • 31444441734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of treadmill exercise on transcranial magnetic stimulation-induced excitability to quadriceps after stroke
    • Forrester L.W., Hanley D.F., and Macko R.F. Effects of treadmill exercise on transcranial magnetic stimulation-induced excitability to quadriceps after stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 87 2 (2006) 229-234
    • (2006) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.87 , Issue.2 , pp. 229-234
    • Forrester, L.W.1    Hanley, D.F.2    Macko, R.F.3
  • 101
    • 33644914451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcranial DC stimulation (tDCS): a tool for double-blind sham-controlled clinical studies in brain stimulation
    • Gandiga P.C., Hummel F.C., and Cohen L.G. Transcranial DC stimulation (tDCS): a tool for double-blind sham-controlled clinical studies in brain stimulation. Clin Neurophysiol 117 4 (2006) 845-850
    • (2006) Clin Neurophysiol , vol.117 , Issue.4 , pp. 845-850
    • Gandiga, P.C.1    Hummel, F.C.2    Cohen, L.G.3
  • 102
    • 0036304656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Robot-assisted movement training compared with conventional therapy techniques for the rehabilitation of upper-limb motor function after stroke
    • Lum P.S., Burgar C.G., Shor P.C., et al. Robot-assisted movement training compared with conventional therapy techniques for the rehabilitation of upper-limb motor function after stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 83 7 (2002) 952-959
    • (2002) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.83 , Issue.7 , pp. 952-959
    • Lum, P.S.1    Burgar, C.G.2    Shor, P.C.3
  • 103
    • 33846494209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Robotic-assisted rehabilitation of the upper limb after acute stroke
    • Masiero S., Celia A., Rosati G., et al. Robotic-assisted rehabilitation of the upper limb after acute stroke. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 88 2 (2007) 142-149
    • (2007) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.88 , Issue.2 , pp. 142-149
    • Masiero, S.1    Celia, A.2    Rosati, G.3
  • 104
    • 0006657177 scopus 로고
    • Can motor imagery be used as a form of therapy?
    • Decety J. Can motor imagery be used as a form of therapy?. J NIH Res 7 (1995) 47-48
    • (1995) J NIH Res , vol.7 , pp. 47-48
    • Decety, J.1
  • 106
    • 33747405252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virtual environment training: a new tool for neurorehabilitation
    • Holden M.K., and Dyar T. Virtual environment training: a new tool for neurorehabilitation. Neurology Report 26 (2002) 62-71
    • (2002) Neurology Report , vol.26 , pp. 62-71
    • Holden, M.K.1    Dyar, T.2
  • 107
    • 3543123591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virtual reality and haptics as a training device for movement rehabilitation after stroke: a single-case study
    • Broeren J., Rydmark M., and Sunnerhagen K.S. Virtual reality and haptics as a training device for movement rehabilitation after stroke: a single-case study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 85 8 (2004) 1247-1250
    • (2004) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.85 , Issue.8 , pp. 1247-1250
    • Broeren, J.1    Rydmark, M.2    Sunnerhagen, K.S.3
  • 108
    • 0030663345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A one year follow-up study on the effects of acupuncture in the treatment of stroke patients in the subacute stage: a randomized, controlled study
    • Kjendahl A., Sallstrom S., Osten P.E., et al. A one year follow-up study on the effects of acupuncture in the treatment of stroke patients in the subacute stage: a randomized, controlled study. Clin Rehabil 11 3 (1997) 192-200
    • (1997) Clin Rehabil , vol.11 , Issue.3 , pp. 192-200
    • Kjendahl, A.1    Sallstrom, S.2    Osten, P.E.3
  • 109
    • 0033104328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical trial of electrical acupuncture on hemiplegic stroke patients
    • Wong A.M., Su T.Y., Tang F.T., et al. Clinical trial of electrical acupuncture on hemiplegic stroke patients. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 78 2 (1999) 117-122
    • (1999) Am J Phys Med Rehabil , vol.78 , Issue.2 , pp. 117-122
    • Wong, A.M.1    Su, T.Y.2    Tang, F.T.3
  • 110
    • 0028258117 scopus 로고
    • Recovery of upper extremity function in stroke patients: the Copenhagen stroke study
    • Nakayama H., Jorgensen H.S., Raaschou H.O., et al. Recovery of upper extremity function in stroke patients: the Copenhagen stroke study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 75 4 (1994) 394-398
    • (1994) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.75 , Issue.4 , pp. 394-398
    • Nakayama, H.1    Jorgensen, H.S.2    Raaschou, H.O.3
  • 111
    • 0005395124 scopus 로고
    • Prognostic value of sensory defect in rehabilitation of hemiplegics
    • Van Buskirk C., and Webster D. Prognostic value of sensory defect in rehabilitation of hemiplegics. Neurology 5 6 (1955) 407-411
    • (1955) Neurology , vol.5 , Issue.6 , pp. 407-411
    • Van Buskirk, C.1    Webster, D.2
  • 112
    • 0000349856 scopus 로고
    • Recovery of voluntary motion in upper extremity following hemiplegia
    • Bard G., and Hirschberg G.G. Recovery of voluntary motion in upper extremity following hemiplegia. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 46 (1965) 567-572
    • (1965) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.46 , pp. 567-572
    • Bard, G.1    Hirschberg, G.G.2
  • 113
  • 114
    • 0028859743 scopus 로고
    • Recovery of walking function in stroke patients: the Copenhagen stroke study
    • Jorgensen H.S., Nakayama H., Raaschou H.O., et al. Recovery of walking function in stroke patients: the Copenhagen stroke study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 76 1 (1995) 27-32
    • (1995) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.76 , Issue.1 , pp. 27-32
    • Jorgensen, H.S.1    Nakayama, H.2    Raaschou, H.O.3
  • 115
    • 3543128343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reconsidering the motor recovery plateau in stroke rehabilitation
    • Page S.J., Gater D.R., and Bach Y.R.P. Reconsidering the motor recovery plateau in stroke rehabilitation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 85 8 (2004) 1377-1381
    • (2004) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.85 , Issue.8 , pp. 1377-1381
    • Page, S.J.1    Gater, D.R.2    Bach, Y.R.P.3
  • 116
    • 0029041686 scopus 로고
    • Classification of walking handicap in the stroke population
    • Perry J., Garrett M., Gronley J.K., et al. Classification of walking handicap in the stroke population. Stroke 26 6 (1995) 982-989
    • (1995) Stroke , vol.26 , Issue.6 , pp. 982-989
    • Perry, J.1    Garrett, M.2    Gronley, J.K.3
  • 117
    • 0031003481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comfortable and maximum walking speed of adults aged 20-79 years: reference values and determinants
    • Bohannon R.W. Comfortable and maximum walking speed of adults aged 20-79 years: reference values and determinants. Age Ageing 26 1 (1997) 15-19
    • (1997) Age Ageing , vol.26 , Issue.1 , pp. 15-19
    • Bohannon, R.W.1
  • 118
    • 0842321068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Community ambulation after stroke: how important and obtainable is it and what measures appear predictive?
    • Lord S.E., McPherson K., McNaughton H.K., et al. Community ambulation after stroke: how important and obtainable is it and what measures appear predictive?. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 85 2 (2004) 234-239
    • (2004) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.85 , Issue.2 , pp. 234-239
    • Lord, S.E.1    McPherson, K.2    McNaughton, H.K.3
  • 119
    • 9244222695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immediate and long-term changes in corticomotor output in response to rehabilitation: correlation with functional improvements in chronic stroke
    • Koski L., Mernar T.J., and Dobkin B.H. Immediate and long-term changes in corticomotor output in response to rehabilitation: correlation with functional improvements in chronic stroke. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 18 4 (2004) 230-249
    • (2004) Neurorehabil Neural Repair , vol.18 , Issue.4 , pp. 230-249
    • Koski, L.1    Mernar, T.J.2    Dobkin, B.H.3
  • 120
    • 17244379193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rehabilitation after stroke
    • Dobkin B.H. Rehabilitation after stroke. N Engl J Med 352 16 (2005) 1677-1684
    • (2005) N Engl J Med , vol.352 , Issue.16 , pp. 1677-1684
    • Dobkin, B.H.1
  • 121
    • 4344676856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ankle dorsiflexion as an fMRI paradigm to assay motor control for walking during rehabilitation
    • Dobkin B.H., Firestine A., West M., et al. Ankle dorsiflexion as an fMRI paradigm to assay motor control for walking during rehabilitation. Neuroimage 23 1 (2004) 370-381
    • (2004) Neuroimage , vol.23 , Issue.1 , pp. 370-381
    • Dobkin, B.H.1    Firestine, A.2    West, M.3
  • 122
    • 0030741941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcomes of stroke patients in Medicare fee for service and managed care
    • Retchin S.M., Brown R.S., Yeh S.C., et al. Outcomes of stroke patients in Medicare fee for service and managed care. JAMA 278 2 (1997) 119-124
    • (1997) JAMA , vol.278 , Issue.2 , pp. 119-124
    • Retchin, S.M.1    Brown, R.S.2    Yeh, S.C.3
  • 123
    • 84923468338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care for stroke
    • Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care for stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 4 (2006)
    • (2006) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , vol.4
  • 124
    • 0025808032 scopus 로고
    • Benefit of a stroke unit: a randomized controlled trial
    • Indredavik B., Bakke F., Solberg R., et al. Benefit of a stroke unit: a randomized controlled trial. Stroke 22 8 (1991) 1026-1031
    • (1991) Stroke , vol.22 , Issue.8 , pp. 1026-1031
    • Indredavik, B.1    Bakke, F.2    Solberg, R.3
  • 125
    • 0032959526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment and rehabilitation on a stroke unit improves 5-year survival: a community-based study
    • Jorgensen H.S., Kammersgaard L.P., Nakayama H., et al. Treatment and rehabilitation on a stroke unit improves 5-year survival: a community-based study. Stroke 30 5 (1999) 930-933
    • (1999) Stroke , vol.30 , Issue.5 , pp. 930-933
    • Jorgensen, H.S.1    Kammersgaard, L.P.2    Nakayama, H.3
  • 126
    • 0030722728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stroke unit treatment: long-term effects
    • Indredavik B., Slordahl S.A., Bakke F., et al. Stroke unit treatment: long-term effects. Stroke 28 10 (1997) 1861-1866
    • (1997) Stroke , vol.28 , Issue.10 , pp. 1861-1866
    • Indredavik, B.1    Slordahl, S.A.2    Bakke, F.3
  • 127
    • 84871778775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stroke units seem to have a long term impact on patients' outcomes
    • Lincoln N.B., Husbands S., and Trescoli C. Stroke units seem to have a long term impact on patients' outcomes. BMJ 320 (2000) 549
    • (2000) BMJ , vol.320 , pp. 549
    • Lincoln, N.B.1    Husbands, S.2    Trescoli, C.3
  • 128
    • 0037227080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Admitting acute ischemic stroke patients to a stroke care monitoring unit versus a conventional stroke unit: a randomized pilot study
    • Sulter G., Elting J.W., Langedijk M., et al. Admitting acute ischemic stroke patients to a stroke care monitoring unit versus a conventional stroke unit: a randomized pilot study. Stroke 34 1 (2003) 101-104
    • (2003) Stroke , vol.34 , Issue.1 , pp. 101-104
    • Sulter, G.1    Elting, J.W.2    Langedijk, M.3
  • 129
    • 0242525287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of monitoring in management of acute ischemic stroke patients
    • Cavallini A., Micieli G., Marcheselli S., et al. Role of monitoring in management of acute ischemic stroke patients. Stroke 34 11 (2003) 2599-2603
    • (2003) Stroke , vol.34 , Issue.11 , pp. 2599-2603
    • Cavallini, A.1    Micieli, G.2    Marcheselli, S.3
  • 130
    • 1842418661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inactive and alone: physical activity within the first 14 days of acute stroke unit care
    • Bernhardt J., Dewey H., Thrift A., et al. Inactive and alone: physical activity within the first 14 days of acute stroke unit care. Stroke 35 4 (2004) 1005-1009
    • (2004) Stroke , vol.35 , Issue.4 , pp. 1005-1009
    • Bernhardt, J.1    Dewey, H.2    Thrift, A.3
  • 131
    • 5344266709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Significance of poor patient participation in physical and occupational therapy for functional outcome and length of stay
    • Lenze E., Munin M., Quear T., et al. Significance of poor patient participation in physical and occupational therapy for functional outcome and length of stay. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 85 10 (2004) 1599-1601
    • (2004) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.85 , Issue.10 , pp. 1599-1601
    • Lenze, E.1    Munin, M.2    Quear, T.3
  • 132
    • 33745127393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poststroke rehabilitation: outcomes and reimbursement of inpatient rehabilitation facilities and subacute rehabilitation programs
    • Deutsch A., Granger C.V., Heinemann A.W., et al. Poststroke rehabilitation: outcomes and reimbursement of inpatient rehabilitation facilities and subacute rehabilitation programs. Stroke 37 6 (2006) 1477-1482
    • (2006) Stroke , vol.37 , Issue.6 , pp. 1477-1482
    • Deutsch, A.1    Granger, C.V.2    Heinemann, A.W.3
  • 133
    • 0036330461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stroke rehabilitation services to accelerate hospital discharge and provide home-based care: an overview and cost analysis
    • Anderson C., Ni Mhurchu C., Brown P.M., et al. Stroke rehabilitation services to accelerate hospital discharge and provide home-based care: an overview and cost analysis. Pharmacoeconomics 20 8 (2002) 537-552
    • (2002) Pharmacoeconomics , vol.20 , Issue.8 , pp. 537-552
    • Anderson, C.1    Ni Mhurchu, C.2    Brown, P.M.3
  • 134
    • 13444271915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early supported discharge services for stroke patients: a meta-analysis of individual patients' data
    • Langhorne P., Taylor G., Murray G., et al. Early supported discharge services for stroke patients: a meta-analysis of individual patients' data. Lancet 365 9458 (2005) 501-506
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.365 , Issue.9458 , pp. 501-506
    • Langhorne, P.1    Taylor, G.2    Murray, G.3
  • 135
    • 1642487661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Full-time integrated treatment program: a new system for stroke rehabilitation in Japan. Comparison with conventional rehabilitation
    • Sonoda S., Saitoh E., Nagai S., et al. Full-time integrated treatment program: a new system for stroke rehabilitation in Japan. Comparison with conventional rehabilitation. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 83 2 (2004) 88-93
    • (2004) Am J Phys Med Rehabil , vol.83 , Issue.2 , pp. 88-93
    • Sonoda, S.1    Saitoh, E.2    Nagai, S.3
  • 136
    • 0842304920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rehabilitation therapy services for stroke patients living at home: systematic review of randomised trials
    • Legg L. Rehabilitation therapy services for stroke patients living at home: systematic review of randomised trials. Lancet 363 9406 (2004) 352-356
    • (2004) Lancet , vol.363 , Issue.9406 , pp. 352-356
    • Legg, L.1
  • 137
    • 1442328166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preliminary study of the effect of low-intensity home-based physical therapy in chronic stroke patients
    • Lin J.H., Hsieh C.L., Lo S.K., et al. Preliminary study of the effect of low-intensity home-based physical therapy in chronic stroke patients. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 20 1 (2004) 18-23
    • (2004) Kaohsiung J Med Sci , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 18-23
    • Lin, J.H.1    Hsieh, C.L.2    Lo, S.K.3
  • 138
    • 0042943273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensity versus task-specificity after stroke: how important is intensity?
    • Page S.J. Intensity versus task-specificity after stroke: how important is intensity?. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 82 9 (2003) 730-732
    • (2003) Am J Phys Med Rehabil , vol.82 , Issue.9 , pp. 730-732
    • Page, S.J.1
  • 139
    • 1642474344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of a multiprofessional community stroke team: a randomized controlled trial
    • Lincoln N.B., Walker M.F., Dixon A., et al. Evaluation of a multiprofessional community stroke team: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil 18 1 (2004) 40-47
    • (2004) Clin Rehabil , vol.18 , Issue.1 , pp. 40-47
    • Lincoln, N.B.1    Walker, M.F.2    Dixon, A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.