메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 78, Issue 16, 2004, Pages 8524-8535

Basal core promoter and precore mutations in the hepatitis B virus genome enhance replication efficacy of lamivudine-resistant mutants

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADEFOVIR; DNA POLYMERASE; HEPATITIS B(E) ANTIGEN; LAMIVUDINE; RNA DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE; VIRUS DNA; VIRUS RNA;

EID: 3543081472     PISSN: 0022538X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.16.8524-8535.2004     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (111)

References (58)
  • 2
    • 0033020624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High prevalence of 1762(T) 1764(A) mutations in the basic core promoter of hepatitis B virus isolated from black Africans with hepatocellular carcinoma compared with asymptomatic carriers
    • Baptista, M., A. Kramvis, and M. C. Kew. 1999. High prevalence of 1762(T) 1764(A) mutations in the basic core promoter of hepatitis B virus isolated from black Africans with hepatocellular carcinoma compared with asymptomatic carriers. Hepatology 29:946-953.
    • (1999) Hepatology , vol.29 , pp. 946-953
    • Baptista, M.1    Kramvis, A.2    Kew, M.C.3
  • 4
    • 0030778413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A preS mutation isolated from a patient with chronic hepatitis B infection leads to virus retention and misassembly
    • Bock, C. T., H. L. Tillmann, H. J. Maschek, M. P. Manns, and C. Trautwein. 1997. A preS mutation isolated from a patient with chronic hepatitis B infection leads to virus retention and misassembly. Gastroenterology 113:1976-1982.
    • (1997) Gastroenterology , vol.113 , pp. 1976-1982
    • Bock, C.T.1    Tillmann, H.L.2    Maschek, H.J.3    Manns, M.P.4    Trautwein, C.5
  • 5
    • 0036161381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selection of hepatitis B virus polymerase mutants with enhanced replication by lamivudine treatment after liver transplantation
    • Bock, C. T., H. L. Tillmann, J. Torresi, J. Klempnauer, S. Locarnini, M. P. Manns, and C. Trautwein. 2002. Selection of hepatitis B virus polymerase mutants with enhanced replication by lamivudine treatment after liver transplantation. Gastroenterology 122:264-273.
    • (2002) Gastroenterology , vol.122 , pp. 264-273
    • Bock, C.T.1    Tillmann, H.L.2    Torresi, J.3    Klempnauer, J.4    Locarnini, S.5    Manns, M.P.6    Trautwein, C.7
  • 6
    • 0029817029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a naturally occurring mutation in the hepatitis B virus basal core promoter on precore gene expression and viral replication
    • Buckwold, V. E., Z. Xu, M. Chen, T. S. Yen, and J. H. Ou. 1996. Effects of a naturally occurring mutation in the hepatitis B virus basal core promoter on precore gene expression and viral replication. J. Virol. 70:5845-5851.
    • (1996) J. Virol. , vol.70 , pp. 5845-5851
    • Buckwold, V.E.1    Xu, Z.2    Chen, M.3    Yen, T.S.4    Ou, J.H.5
  • 7
    • 0032979682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different hepatitis B virus genotypes are associated with different mutations in the core promoter and precore regions during hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion
    • Chan, H. L., M. Hussain, and A. S. Lok. 1999. Different hepatitis B virus genotypes are associated with different mutations in the core promoter and precore regions during hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion. Hepatology 29:976-984.
    • (1999) Hepatology , vol.29 , pp. 976-984
    • Chan, H.L.1    Hussain, M.2    Lok, A.S.3
  • 8
    • 0036178339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Viral genotype and hepatitis B virus DNA levels are correlated with histological liver damage in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B virus infection
    • Chan, H. L., S. W. Tsang, C. T. Liew, C. H. Tse, M. L. Wong, J. Y. Ching, N. W. Leung, J. S. Tam, and J. J. Sung. 2002. Viral genotype and hepatitis B virus DNA levels are correlated with histological liver damage in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 97:406-412.
    • (2002) Am. J. Gastroenterol. , vol.97 , pp. 406-412
    • Chan, H.L.1    Tsang, S.W.2    Liew, C.T.3    Tse, C.H.4    Wong, M.L.5    Ching, J.Y.6    Leung, N.W.7    Tam, J.S.8    Sung, J.J.9
  • 10
    • 17944372114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro susceptibilities of wild-type or drug-resistant hepatitis B virus to (-)-β-D-2,6-diaminopurine dioxotane and 2′-fluoro-5-methyl- β-L-arabinofuranosyluracit
    • Chin, R., T. Shaw, J. Torresi, V. Sozzi, C. Trautwein, T. Bock, M. Manns, H. Isom, P. Furman, and S. Locarnini. 2001. In vitro susceptibilities of wild-type or drug-resistant hepatitis B virus to (-)-β-D-2,6-diaminopurine dioxotane and 2′-fluoro-5-methyl-β-L-arabinofuranosyluracit. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 45:2495-2501.
    • (2001) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.45 , pp. 2495-2501
    • Chin, R.1    Shaw, T.2    Torresi, J.3    Sozzi, V.4    Trautwein, C.5    Bock, T.6    Manns, M.7    Isom, H.8    Furman, P.9    Locarnini, S.10
  • 14
    • 0034968926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance of hepatitis B virus to antiviral drugs: Current aspects and directions for future investigation
    • Delaney, W. E., S. Locarnini, and T. Shaw. 2001. Resistance of hepatitis B virus to antiviral drugs: current aspects and directions for future investigation. Antivir. Chem. Chemother. 12:1-35.
    • (2001) Antivir. Chem. Chemother. , vol.12 , pp. 1-35
    • Delaney, W.E.1    Locarnini, S.2    Shaw, T.3
  • 15
    • 0037383496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EASL International Consensus Conference on Hepatitis B, 13 to 14 September 2002, Geneva, Switzerland. Consensus statement (short version)
    • EASL consensus statement. 2003. EASL International Consensus Conference on Hepatitis B, 13 to 14 September 2002, Geneva, Switzerland. Consensus statement (short version). J. Hepatol. 38:533-540.
    • (2003) J. Hepatol. , vol.38 , pp. 533-540
  • 17
    • 0036021185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Core promoter mutations (A(1762)T and G(1764)A) and viral genotype in chronic hepatitis B and hepatocellular carcinoma in Guangxi, China
    • Fang, Z. L., J. Yang, X. Ge, H. Zhuang, J. Gong, R. Li, R. Ling, and T. J. Harrison. 2002. Core promoter mutations (A(1762)T and G(1764)A) and viral genotype in chronic hepatitis B and hepatocellular carcinoma in Guangxi, China. J. Med. Virol. 68:33-40.
    • (2002) J. Med. Virol. , vol.68 , pp. 33-40
    • Fang, Z.L.1    Yang, J.2    Ge, X.3    Zhuang, H.4    Gong, J.5    Li, R.6    Ling, R.7    Harrison, T.J.8
  • 18
    • 0036902495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World-wide epidemiology of HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B and associated precore and core promoter variants
    • Funk, M. L., D. M. Rosenberg, and A. S. Lok. 2002. World-wide epidemiology of HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B and associated precore and core promoter variants. J. Viral Hepat. 9:52-61.
    • (2002) J. Viral Hepat. , vol.9 , pp. 52-61
    • Funk, M.L.1    Rosenberg, D.M.2    Lok, A.S.3
  • 20
    • 0033803799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of long-term lamivudine monotherapy in patients with hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B
    • Hadziyannis, S. J., G. V. Papatheodoridis, E. Dimou, A. Laras, and C. Papaioannou. 2000. Efficacy of long-term lamivudine monotherapy in patients with hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology 32:847-851.
    • (2000) Hepatology , vol.32 , pp. 847-851
    • Hadziyannis, S.J.1    Papatheodoridis, G.V.2    Dimou, E.3    Laras, A.4    Papaioannou, C.5
  • 23
    • 0034802538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B
    • Hadziyannis, S. J., and D. Vassilopoulos. 2001. Hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology 34:617-624.
    • (2001) Hepatology , vol.34 , pp. 617-624
    • Hadziyannis, S.J.1    Vassilopoulos, D.2
  • 24
    • 0033020080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of mutations in the enhancer 2/core promoter region of hepatitis B virus in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection: Comparison with mutations in precore and core regions in relation to clinical status
    • Honda, A., O. Yokosuka, T. Ehata, M. Tagawa, F. Imazeki, and H. Saisho. 1999. Detection of mutations in the enhancer 2/core promoter region of hepatitis B virus in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection: comparison with mutations in precore and core regions in relation to clinical status. J. Med. Virol. 57:337-344.
    • (1999) J. Med. Virol. , vol.57 , pp. 337-344
    • Honda, A.1    Yokosuka, O.2    Ehata, T.3    Tagawa, M.4    Imazeki, F.5    Saisho, H.6
  • 25
    • 0030875066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lamivudine resistance in immunocompetent chronic hepatitis B. Incidence and patterns
    • Honkoop, P., H. G. Niesters, R. A. de Man, A. D. Osterhaus, and S. W. Schalm. 1997. Lamivudine resistance in immunocompetent chronic hepatitis B. Incidence and patterns. J. Hepatol. 26:1393-1395.
    • (1997) J. Hepatol. , vol.26 , pp. 1393-1395
    • Honkoop, P.1    Niesters, H.G.2    De Man, R.A.3    Osterhaus, A.D.4    Schalm, S.W.5
  • 26
    • 0034011395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical relevance of hepatitis B viral mutations
    • Hunt, C. M., J. M. McGill, M. I. Allen, and L. D. Condreay. 2000. Clinical relevance of hepatitis B viral mutations. Hepatology 31:1037-1044.
    • (2000) Hepatology , vol.31 , pp. 1037-1044
    • Hunt, C.M.1    McGill, J.M.2    Allen, M.I.3    Condreay, L.D.4
  • 27
    • 0034116924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence that the 5′-end cap structure is essential for encapsidation of hepatitis B virus pregenomic RNA
    • Jeong, J. K., G. S. Yoon, and W. S. Ryu. 2000. Evidence that the 5′-end cap structure is essential for encapsidation of hepatitis B virus pregenomic RNA. J. Virol. 74:5502-5508.
    • (2000) J. Virol. , vol.74 , pp. 5502-5508
    • Jeong, J.K.1    Yoon, G.S.2    Ryu, W.S.3
  • 29
    • 84984549253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basal core promoter mutations of hepatitis B virus increase the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis B carriers
    • Kao, J. H., P. J. Chen, M. Y. Lai, and D. S. Chen. 2003. Basal core promoter mutations of hepatitis B virus increase the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis B carriers. Gastroenterology 124:327-334.
    • (2003) Gastroenterology , vol.124 , pp. 327-334
    • Kao, J.H.1    Chen, P.J.2    Lai, M.Y.3    Chen, D.S.4
  • 32
    • 0027241571 scopus 로고
    • Precore-mediated inhibition of hepatitis B virus progeny DNA synthesis
    • Lamberts, C., M. Nassal, I. Velhagen, H. Zentgraf, and C. H. Schroder. 1993. Precore-mediated inhibition of hepatitis B virus progeny DNA synthesis. J. Virol. 67:3756-3762.
    • (1993) J. Virol. , vol.67 , pp. 3756-3762
    • Lamberts, C.1    Nassal, M.2    Velhagen, I.3    Zentgraf, H.4    Schroder, C.H.5
  • 33
    • 0036058945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo suppression of precore mRNA synthesis is associated with mutations in the hepatitis B virus core promoter
    • Laras, A., J. Koskinas, and S. J. Hadziyannis. 2002. In vivo suppression of precore mRNA synthesis is associated with mutations in the hepatitis B virus core promoter. Virology 295:86-96.
    • (2002) Virology , vol.295 , pp. 86-96
    • Laras, A.1    Koskinas, J.2    Hadziyannis, S.J.3
  • 34
    • 0030707941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B virus infection
    • Lee, W. M. 1997. Hepatitis B virus infection. N. Engl. J. Med. 337:1733-1745.
    • (1997) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.337 , pp. 1733-1745
    • Lee, W.M.1
  • 35
    • 0034993211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extended lamivudine treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B enhances hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion rates: Results after 3 years of therapy
    • Leung, N. W., C. L. Lai, T. T. Chang, R. Guan, C. M. Lee, K. Y. Ng, S. G. Lim, P. C. Wu, J. C. Dent, S. Edmundson, L. D. Condreay, and R. N. Chien. 2001. Extended lamivudine treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B enhances hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion rates: results after 3 years of therapy. Hepatology 33:1527-1532.
    • (2001) Hepatology , vol.33 , pp. 1527-1532
    • Leung, N.W.1    Lai, C.L.2    Chang, T.T.3    Guan, R.4    Lee, C.M.5    Ng, K.Y.6    Lim, S.G.7    Wu, P.C.8    Dent, J.C.9    Edmundson, S.10    Condreay, L.D.11    Chien, R.N.12
  • 36
    • 0032954375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of suppression of hepatitis B virus precore RNA transcription by a frequent double mutation
    • Li, J., V. E. Buckwold, M. W. Hon, and J. H. Ou. 1999. Mechanism of suppression of hepatitis B virus precore RNA transcription by a frequent double mutation. J. Virol. 73:1239-1244.
    • (1999) J. Virol. , vol.73 , pp. 1239-1244
    • Li, J.1    Buckwold, V.E.2    Hon, M.W.3    Ou, J.H.4
  • 37
    • 0032959493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Core promoter mutations and genotypes in relation to viral replication and liver damage in East Asian hepatitis B virus carriers
    • Lindh, M., C. Hannoun, A. P. Dhillon, G. Norkrans, and P. Horal. 1999. Core promoter mutations and genotypes in relation to viral replication and liver damage in East Asian hepatitis B virus carriers. J. Infect. Dis. 179:775-782.
    • (1999) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.179 , pp. 775-782
    • Lindh, M.1    Hannoun, C.2    Dhillon, A.P.3    Norkrans, G.4    Horal, P.5
  • 39
    • 0028222146 scopus 로고
    • Mutations in the pre-core region of hepatitis B virus serve to enhance the stability of the secondary structure of the pre-genome encapsidation signal
    • Lok, A. S., U. Akarca, and S. Greene. 1994. Mutations in the pre-core region of hepatitis B virus serve to enhance the stability of the secondary structure of the pre-genome encapsidation signal. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:4077-4081.
    • (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.91 , pp. 4077-4081
    • Lok, A.S.1    Akarca, U.2    Greene, S.3
  • 40
    • 0033754947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of hepatitis B virus polymerase gene mutations in hepatitis B e antigen-negative patients receiving lamivudine therapy
    • Lok, A. S., M. Hussain, C. Cursano, M. Margotti, A. Gramenzi, G. L. Grazi, E. Jovine, M. Benardi, and P. Andreone. 2000. Evolution of hepatitis B virus polymerase gene mutations in hepatitis B e antigen-negative patients receiving lamivudine therapy. Hepatology 32:1145-1153.
    • (2000) Hepatology , vol.32 , pp. 1145-1153
    • Lok, A.S.1    Hussain, M.2    Cursano, C.3    Margotti, M.4    Gramenzi, A.5    Grazi, G.L.6    Jovine, E.7    Benardi, M.8    Andreone, P.9
  • 41
    • 0034950006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interferon alpha treatment and retreatment of hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B
    • Manesis, E. K., and S. J. Hadziyannis. 2001. Interferon alpha treatment and retreatment of hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B. Gastroenterology 121:101-109.
    • (2001) Gastroenterology , vol.121 , pp. 101-109
    • Manesis, E.K.1    Hadziyannis, S.J.2
  • 43
    • 0031938029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B virus mutants associated with 3TC and famciclovir administration are replication defective
    • Melegari, M., P. P. Scaglioni, and J. R. Wands. 1998. Hepatitis B virus mutants associated with 3TC and famciclovir administration are replication defective. Hepatology 27:628-633.
    • (1998) Hepatology , vol.27 , pp. 628-633
    • Melegari, M.1    Scaglioni, P.P.2    Wands, J.R.3
  • 44
    • 0035114188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The polymerase L528M mutation cooperates with nucleotide binding-site mutations, increasing hepatitis B virus replication and drug resistance
    • Ono, S. K., N. Kato, Y. Shiratori, J. Kato, T. Goto, R. F. Schinazi, F. J. Carrilho, and M. Omata. 2001. The polymerase L528M mutation cooperates with nucleotide binding-site mutations, increasing hepatitis B virus replication and drug resistance. J. Clin. Investig. 107:449-455.
    • (2001) J. Clin. Investig. , vol.107 , pp. 449-455
    • Ono, S.K.1    Kato, N.2    Shiratori, Y.3    Kato, J.4    Goto, T.5    Schinazi, R.F.6    Carrilho, F.J.7    Omata, M.8
  • 45
  • 46
    • 0033017849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • YMDD motif in hepatitis B virus DNA polymerase influences on replication and lamivudine resistance: A study by in vitro full-length viral DNA transfection
    • Ono-Nita, S. K., N. Kato, Y. Shiratori, T. Masaki, K. H. Lan, F. J. Carrilho, and M. Omata. 1999. YMDD motif in hepatitis B virus DNA polymerase influences on replication and lamivudine resistance: a study by in vitro full-length viral DNA transfection. Hepatology 29:939-945.
    • (1999) Hepatology , vol.29 , pp. 939-945
    • Ono-Nita, S.K.1    Kato, N.2    Shiratori, Y.3    Masaki, T.4    Lan, K.H.5    Carrilho, F.J.6    Omata, M.7
  • 47
    • 0036288645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Course of virologic breakthroughs under long-term lamivudine in HBeAg-negative precore mutant HBV liver disease
    • Papatheodoridis, G. V., E. Dimou, A. Laras, V. Papadimitropoulos, and S. J. Hadziyannis. 2002. Course of virologic breakthroughs under long-term lamivudine in HBeAg-negative precore mutant HBV liver disease. Hepatology 36:219-226.
    • (2002) Hepatology , vol.36 , pp. 219-226
    • Papatheodoridis, G.V.1    Dimou, E.2    Laras, A.3    Papadimitropoulos, V.4    Hadziyannis, S.J.5
  • 48
    • 0037942914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome replication, virion secretion, and e antigen expression of naturally occurring hepatitis B virus core promoter mutants
    • Parekh, S., F. Zoulim, S. H. Ahn, A. Tsai, J. Li, S. Kawai, N. Khan, C. Trepo, J. Wands, and S. Tong. 2003. Genome replication, virion secretion, and e antigen expression of naturally occurring hepatitis B virus core promoter mutants. J. Virol. 77:6601-6612.
    • (2003) J. Virol. , vol.77 , pp. 6601-6612
    • Parekh, S.1    Zoulim, F.2    Ahn, S.H.3    Tsai, A.4    Li, J.5    Kawai, S.6    Khan, N.7    Trepo, C.8    Wands, J.9    Tong, S.10
  • 50
    • 0027167557 scopus 로고
    • An RNA stem-loop structure directs hepatitis B virus genomic RNA encapsidation
    • Pollack, J. R., and D. Ganem. 1993. An RNA stem-loop structure directs hepatitis B virus genomic RNA encapsidation. J. Virol. 67:3254-3263.
    • (1993) J. Virol. , vol.67 , pp. 3254-3263
    • Pollack, J.R.1    Ganem, D.2
  • 51
    • 0028788784 scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B virus infection: Precore mutants and its relation to viral genotypes and core mutations
    • Rodriguez-Frias, F., M. Buti, R. Jardi, M. Cotrina, L. Viladomiu, R. Esteban, and J. Guardia. 1995. Hepatitis B virus infection: precore mutants and its relation to viral genotypes and core mutations. Hepatology 22:1641-1647.
    • (1995) Hepatology , vol.22 , pp. 1641-1647
    • Rodriguez-Frias, F.1    Buti, M.2    Jardi, R.3    Cotrina, M.4    Viladomiu, L.5    Esteban, R.6    Guardia, J.7
  • 52
    • 0030750617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biologic properties of hepatitis B viral genomes with mutations in the precore promoter and pre-core open reading frame
    • Scaglioni, P. P., M. Melegari, and J. R. Wands. 1997. Biologic properties of hepatitis B viral genomes with mutations in the precore promoter and pre-core open reading frame. Virology 233:374-381.
    • (1997) Virology , vol.233 , pp. 374-381
    • Scaglioni, P.P.1    Melegari, M.2    Wands, J.R.3
  • 53
    • 0031060322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Posttranscriptional regulation of hepatitis B virus replication by the precore protein
    • Scaglioni, P. P., M. Melegari, and J. R. Wands. 1997. Posttranscriptional regulation of hepatitis B virus replication by the precore protein. J. Virol. 71:345-353.
    • (1997) J. Virol. , vol.71 , pp. 345-353
    • Scaglioni, P.P.1    Melegari, M.2    Wands, J.R.3
  • 55
    • 0035990948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantification of hepatic thrombopoietin mRNA transcripts in patients with chronic liver diseases shows maintained gene expression in different etiologies of liver cirrhosis
    • Tacke, F., C. Trautwein, S. Zhao, M. Andreeff, M. P. Manns, A. Ganser, and P. Schöffski. 2002. Quantification of hepatic thrombopoietin mRNA transcripts in patients with chronic liver diseases shows maintained gene expression in different etiologies of liver cirrhosis. Liver 22:205-212.
    • (2002) Liver , vol.22 , pp. 205-212
    • Tacke, F.1    Trautwein, C.2    Zhao, S.3    Andreeff, M.4    Manns, M.P.5    Ganser, A.6    Schöffski, P.7
  • 56
    • 0033012793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of lamivudine in patients with hepatitis B e antigen-negative/hepatitis B virus DNA-positive (precore mutant) chronic hepatitis B
    • Tassopoulos, N. C., R. Volpes, G. Pastore, J. Heathcote, M. Buti, R. D. Goldin, S. Hawley, J. Barber, L. Condreay, D. F. Gray, et al. 1999. Efficacy of lamivudine in patients with hepatitis B e antigen-negative/hepatitis B virus DNA-positive (precore mutant) chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology 29:889-896.
    • (1999) Hepatology , vol.29 , pp. 889-896
    • Tassopoulos, N.C.1    Volpes, R.2    Pastore, G.3    Heathcote, J.4    Buti, M.5    Goldin, R.D.6    Hawley, S.7    Barber, J.8    Condreay, L.9    Gray, D.F.10
  • 57
    • 0025726230 scopus 로고
    • In vitro replication competence of a cloned hepatitis B virus variant with a nonsense mutation in the distal pre-C region
    • Tong, S. P., C. Diot, P. Gripon, J. Li, L. Vitvitski, C. Trepo, and C. Guguen-Guillouzo. 1991. In vitro replication competence of a cloned hepatitis B virus variant with a nonsense mutation in the distal pre-C region. Virology 181:733-737.
    • (1991) Virology , vol.181 , pp. 733-737
    • Tong, S.P.1    Diot, C.2    Gripon, P.3    Li, J.4    Vitvitski, L.5    Trepo, C.6    Guguen-Guillouzo, C.7
  • 58
    • 0036708285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Precore and core promoter mutations, hepatitis B virus DNA levels and progressive liver injury in chronic hepatitis B
    • Yotsuyanagi, H., K. Hino, E. Tomita, J. Toyoda, K. Yasuda, and S. Iino. 2002. Precore and core promoter mutations, hepatitis B virus DNA levels and progressive liver injury in chronic hepatitis B. J. Hepatol. 37:355-363.
    • (2002) J. Hepatol. , vol.37 , pp. 355-363
    • Yotsuyanagi, H.1    Hino, K.2    Tomita, E.3    Toyoda, J.4    Yasuda, K.5    Iino, S.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.