메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 8, Issue 6, 2007, Pages 1287-1309

Conservation genetics of snowy plovers (Charadrius alexandrinus) in the Western Hemisphere: Population genetic structure and delineation of subspecies

Author keywords

Microsatellites; MtDNA; Population structure; Snowy plover; Subspecies

Indexed keywords

BREEDING SITE; CONSERVATION GENETICS; GENETIC ANALYSIS; GENETIC MARKER; GENETIC STRUCTURE; GENETIC VARIATION; MITOCHONDRIAL DNA; POPULATION DECLINE; POPULATION STRUCTURE; SPECIES CONSERVATION; SUBSPECIES; WADER;

EID: 34748905550     PISSN: 15660621     EISSN: 15729737     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10592-006-9278-7     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (51)

References (100)
  • 1
    • 0016355478 scopus 로고
    • A new look at the statistical model identification
    • Akaike H (1974) A new look at the statistical model identification. IEEE Trans Automatic Control 19:716-723
    • (1974) IEEE Trans Automatic Control , vol.19 , pp. 716-723
    • Akaike, H.1
  • 2
    • 0000449986 scopus 로고
    • The seventy-five percent rule for subspecies
    • Amadon D (1949) The seventy-five percent rule for subspecies. Condor 51:250-258
    • (1949) Condor , vol.51 , pp. 250-258
    • Amadon, D.1
  • 3
    • 0003605613 scopus 로고
    • American Ornithologists' Union. 5 American Ornithologists' Union Washington, DC
    • American Ornithologists' Union (1957) Check-list of North American birds, 5th edn. American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, DC
    • (1957) Check-list of North American Birds
  • 4
    • 0000228672 scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial DNA phylogeographic differentiation among avian populations and the evolutionary significance of subspecies
    • Ball RM, Avise JC (1992) Mitochondrial DNA phylogeographic differentiation among avian populations and the evolutionary significance of subspecies. Auk 109:626-636
    • (1992) Auk , vol.109 , pp. 626-636
    • Ball, R.M.1    Avise, J.C.2
  • 5
    • 1642285792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The incomplete natural history of mitochondria
    • Ballard JWO, Whitlock MC (2004) The incomplete natural history of mitochondria. Mol Ecol 13:729-744
    • (2004) Mol Ecol , vol.13 , pp. 729-744
    • Ballard, J.W.O.1    Whitlock, M.C.2
  • 6
    • 0034018795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detecting the geographical pattern of speciation from species-level phylogenies
    • Barrowclough TG, Vogler AP (2000) Detecting the geographical pattern of speciation from species-level phylogenies. Am Nat 155:419-434
    • (2000) Am Nat , vol.155 , pp. 419-434
    • Barrowclough, T.G.1    Vogler, A.P.2
  • 7
    • 0035836728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maximum likelihood estimation of a migration matrix and effective population sizes in n subpopulations by using a coalescent approach
    • Beerli P, Felsenstein J (2001) Maximum likelihood estimation of a migration matrix and effective population sizes in n subpopulations by using a coalescent approach. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 98:4563-4568
    • (2001) Proc Nat Acad Sci USA , vol.98 , pp. 4563-4568
    • Beerli, P.1    Felsenstein, J.2
  • 8
    • 0038170221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the eastern (Centrocercus u. urophasianus) and western (Centrocercus urophasianus phaios) subspecies of sage-grouse using mitochondrial control-region sequence data
    • Benedict NG, Oyler-McCance SJ, Taylor SE, Braun CE, Quinn TW (2003) Evaluation of the eastern (Centrocercus u. urophasianus) and western (Centrocercus urophasianus phaios) subspecies of sage-grouse using mitochondrial control-region sequence data. Conserv Gen 4:301-310
    • (2003) Conserv Gen , vol.4 , pp. 301-310
    • Benedict, N.G.1    Oyler-Mccance, S.J.2    Taylor, S.E.3    Braun, C.E.4    Quinn, T.W.5
  • 9
    • 4344561132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geographic variation in Mexican Jays (Aphelocoma ultramarina): Local differentiation, polyphyly, or hybridization?
    • Bhagabati NK, Brown JL, Bowen BS (2004) Geographic variation in Mexican Jays (Aphelocoma ultramarina): local differentiation, polyphyly, or hybridization? Mol Ecol 13:2721-2734
    • (2004) Mol Ecol , vol.13 , pp. 2721-2734
    • Bhagabati, N.K.1    Brown, J.L.2    Bowen, B.S.3
  • 10
    • 0002321244 scopus 로고
    • A distributional survey of the birds of the Mexican state of Oaxaca
    • Binford LC (1989) A distributional survey of the birds of the Mexican state of Oaxaca. Ornithol Monogr 43:1-418
    • (1989) Ornithol Monogr , vol.43 , pp. 1-418
    • Binford, L.C.1
  • 12
    • 0041853779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population genetics structure of rock ptarmigan Lagopus mutus in northern and western Europe
    • Caizergues A, Bernard-Laurent A, Brenot J-F, Ellison L, Rasplus JY (2003) Population genetics structure of rock ptarmigan Lagopus mutus in northern and western Europe. Mol Ecol 12:2267-2274
    • (2003) Mol Ecol , vol.12 , pp. 2267-2274
    • Caizergues, A.1    Bernard-Laurent, A.2    Brenot, J.-F.3    Ellison, L.4    Rasplus, J.Y.5
  • 13
    • 0036656014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subspecific differentiation and conservation of song sparrows (Melospiza melodia) in the San Francisco Bay region inferred by microsatellite loci analysis
    • Chan Y, Arcese P (2002) Subspecific differentiation and conservation of song sparrows (Melospiza melodia) in the San Francisco Bay region inferred by microsatellite loci analysis. Auk 119:641-657
    • (2002) Auk , vol.119 , pp. 641-657
    • Chan, Y.1    Arcese, P.2
  • 15
    • 0033771358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TCS: A computer program to estimate gene genealogies
    • Clement M, Posada D, Crandall K (2000) TCS: a computer program to estimate gene genealogies. Mol Ecol 9:1657-1660
    • (2000) Mol Ecol , vol.9 , pp. 1657-1660
    • Clement, M.1    Posada, D.2    Crandall, K.3
  • 16
    • 0030478757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Description and power analysis of two tests for detecting recent population bottlenecks from allele frequency data
    • Cornuet JM, Luikart G (1996) Description and power analysis of two tests for detecting recent population bottlenecks from allele frequency data. Genetics 144:2001-2014
    • (1996) Genetics , vol.144 , pp. 2001-2014
    • Cornuet, J.M.1    Luikart, G.2
  • 17
    • 3042750437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sinauer Sunderland, Massachusetts
    • Coyne JA, Orr HA (2004) Speciation. Sinauer, Sunderland, Massachusetts
    • (2004) Speciation
    • Coyne, J.A.1    Orr, H.A.2
  • 20
    • 0037346501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microsatellite analyser (MSA): A platform independent analysis tool for large microsatellite data sets
    • Dieringer D, Schlötterer C (2003) Microsatellite analyser (MSA): a platform independent analysis tool for large microsatellite data sets. Mol Ecol Notes 3:167-169
    • (2003) Mol Ecol Notes , vol.3 , pp. 167-169
    • Dieringer, D.1    Schlötterer, C.2
  • 22
    • 3242679074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population structure of loggerhead shrikes in the California Channel Islands
    • Eggert LS, Mundy NI, WoodRuff DS (2004) Population structure of loggerhead shrikes in the California Channel Islands. Mol Ecol 13:2121-2133
    • (2004) Mol Ecol , vol.13 , pp. 2121-2133
    • Eggert, L.S.1    Mundy, N.I.2    Woodruff, D.S.3
  • 23
    • 0029759465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High level of genetic differentiation for allelic richness among populations of the argan tree [Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels] endemic to Morocco
    • El Mousadik A, Petit RJ (1996) High level of genetic differentiation for allelic richness among populations of the argan tree [Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels] endemic to Morocco. Theor Appl Genet 92:832-839
    • (1996) Theor Appl Genet , vol.92 , pp. 832-839
    • El Mousadik, A.1    Petit, R.J.2
  • 25
    • 0026681074 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of molecular variance inferred from metric distances among DNA haplotypes: Application to human mitochondrial DNA restriction data
    • Excoffier L, Smouse PE, Quattro JM (1992) Analysis of molecular variance inferred from metric distances among DNA haplotypes: application to human mitochondrial DNA restriction data. Genetics 131:479-491
    • (1992) Genetics , vol.131 , pp. 479-491
    • Excoffier, L.1    Smouse, P.E.2    Quattro, J.M.3
  • 26
    • 85007110786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arlequin ver. 3.0: An integrated software package for population genetics data analysis
    • Excoffier L, Laval G, Schneider S (2005) Arlequin ver. 3.0: an integrated software package for population genetics data analysis. Evol Bioinform Online 1:47-50
    • (2005) Evol Bioinform Online , vol.1 , pp. 47-50
    • Excoffier, L.1    Laval, G.2    Schneider, S.3
  • 27
    • 0030620206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do island populations have lower genetic variation than mainland populations?
    • Frankham R (1997) Do island populations have lower genetic variation than mainland populations? Heredity 78:311-327
    • (1997) Heredity , vol.78 , pp. 311-327
    • Frankham, R.1
  • 28
    • 0031834547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inbreeding and extinction: Island populations
    • Frankham R (1998) Inbreeding and extinction: island populations. Conserv Biol 12:665-675
    • (1998) Conserv Biol , vol.12 , pp. 665-675
    • Frankham, R.1
  • 30
    • 0032188812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geographic analysis of nucleotide diversity and song sparrow (Aves: Emberizidae) population history
    • Fry AJ, Zink RM (1998) Geographic analysis of nucleotide diversity and song sparrow (Aves: Emberizidae) population history. Mol Ecol 7:1303-1313
    • (1998) Mol Ecol , vol.7 , pp. 1303-1313
    • Fry, A.J.1    Zink, R.M.2
  • 31
    • 0004039907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3 Sinauer Sunderland, Massachusetts
    • Futuyma DJ (1998) Evolutionary biology, 3rd edn. Sinauer, Sunderland, Massachusetts
    • (1998) Evolutionary Biology
    • Futuyma, D.J.1
  • 33
    • 1942453436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogeography of a game species: The red-crested pochard (Netta rufina) and consequences for its management
    • Gay L, Defos Du Rau P, Mondain-Monval J-Y, Crochet P-A (2004) Phylogeography of a game species: the red-crested pochard (Netta rufina) and consequences for its management. Mol Ecol 13:1035-1045
    • (2004) Mol Ecol , vol.13 , pp. 1035-1045
    • Gay, L.1    Defos Du Rau, P.2    Mondain-Monval, J.-Y.3    Crochet, P.-A.4
  • 34
    • 0036900242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolation of polymorphic microsatellite loci from the red-billed gull (Larus novaehollandiae scopulinus) and amplification in related species
    • Given AD, Mills A, Baker AJ (2002). Isolation of polymorphic microsatellite loci from the red-billed gull (Larus novaehollandiae scopulinus) and amplification in related species. Mol Ecol Notes 2:416-418
    • (2002) Mol Ecol Notes , vol.2 , pp. 416-418
    • Given, A.D.1    Mills, A.2    Baker, A.J.3
  • 38
    • 5344250742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subspecies relationships and genetic structure in the spotted owl
    • Haig SM, Forsman ED, Mullins TD (2004) Subspecies relationships and genetic structure in the spotted owl. Conserv Genet 5:683-705
    • (2004) Conserv Genet , vol.5 , pp. 683-705
    • Haig, S.M.1    Forsman, E.D.2    Mullins, T.D.3
  • 40
    • 84958735153 scopus 로고
    • A mathematical theory of natural selection. VI. Isolation
    • Haldane JBS (1931) A mathematical theory of natural selection. VI. Isolation. Trans Camb Phil Soc 26:220-230
    • (1931) Trans Camb Phil Soc , vol.26 , pp. 220-230
    • Haldane, J.B.S.1
  • 42
    • 0000060179 scopus 로고
    • Effects of capture, handling, banding, and radio-marking on breeding least terns and snowy plovers
    • Hill LA, Talent LO (1990) Effects of capture, handling, banding, and radio-marking on breeding least terns and snowy plovers. J Field Ornithol 61:310-319
    • (1990) J Field Ornithol , vol.61 , pp. 310-319
    • Hill, L.A.1    Talent, L.O.2
  • 43
    • 0034849408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MrBayes: Bayesian inference of phylogenetic trees
    • Huelsenbeck JP, Ronquist F (2001) MrBayes: Bayesian inference of phylogenetic trees. Bioinformatics 17:754-755
    • (2001) Bioinformatics , vol.17 , pp. 754-755
    • Huelsenbeck, J.P.1    Ronquist, F.2
  • 44
    • 1342299527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial control region diversity of the Houbara bustard Chlamydotis undulata complex and genetic structure along the Atlantic seaboard of North Africa
    • Idaghdour Y, Broderick D, Korrida A, Chbel F (2004) Mitochondrial control region diversity of the Houbara bustard Chlamydotis undulata complex and genetic structure along the Atlantic seaboard of North Africa. Mol Ecol 13:43-54
    • (2004) Mol Ecol , vol.13 , pp. 43-54
    • Idaghdour, Y.1    Broderick, D.2    Korrida, A.3    Chbel, F.4
  • 45
    • 0345530941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contrasting patterns of mitochondrial and microsatellite population structure in fragmented populations of greater prairie chickens
    • Johnson JA, Toepfer JE, Dunn PO (2003) Contrasting patterns of mitochondrial and microsatellite population structure in fragmented populations of greater prairie chickens. Mol Ecol 12:3335-3347
    • (2003) Mol Ecol , vol.12 , pp. 3335-3347
    • Johnson, J.A.1    Toepfer, J.E.2    Dunn, P.O.3
  • 46
    • 24944449540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population genetic structure in migratory sandhill cranes and the role of Pleistocene glaciations
    • Jones KL, Krapu GL, Brandt DA, Ashley MV (2005) Population genetic structure in migratory sandhill cranes and the role of Pleistocene glaciations. Mol Ecol 14:2645-2657
    • (2005) Mol Ecol , vol.14 , pp. 2645-2657
    • Jones, K.L.1    Krapu, G.L.2    Brandt, D.A.3    Ashley, M.V.4
  • 47
    • 0032805623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogeny and biogeography in the evolution of migration: Shorebirds of the Charadrius complex
    • Joseph L, Lessa EP, Christidis L (1999) Phylogeny and biogeography in the evolution of migration: shorebirds of the Charadrius complex. J Biogeogr 26:329-342
    • (1999) J Biogeogr , vol.26 , pp. 329-342
    • Joseph, L.1    Lessa, E.P.2    Christidis, L.3
  • 48
    • 85047686589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How many alleles per locus should be used to estimate genetic distances
    • Kalinowski ST (2002) How many alleles per locus should be used to estimate genetic distances? Heredity 88:62-65
    • (2002) Heredity , vol.88 , pp. 62-65
    • Kalinowski, S.T.1
  • 49
    • 33846031557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of 36 polymorphic microsatellite loci in the Kentish plover (Charadrius alexandrinus) including two sex-linked loci and their amplification in four other Charadrius species
    • Küpper C, Horsburgh GJ, Dawson DA, Ffrench-Constant R, Székely T, Burke T (2007) Characterization of 36 polymorphic microsatellite loci in the Kentish plover (Charadrius alexandrinus) including two sex-linked loci and their amplification in four other Charadrius species. Mol Ecol Notes 7:35-39
    • (2007) Mol Ecol Notes , vol.7 , pp. 35-39
    • Küpper, C.1    Horsburgh, G.J.2    Dawson, D.A.3    Ffrench-Constant, R.4    Székely, T.5    Burke, T.6
  • 50
    • 0034874179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disturbance to wintering western snowy plovers
    • Lafferty KD (2001) Disturbance to wintering western snowy plovers. Biol Conserv 101:315-325
    • (2001) Biol Conserv , vol.101 , pp. 315-325
    • Lafferty, K.D.1
  • 52
    • 0015879546 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of gene frequency as a test of the theory of the selective neutrality of polymorphisms
    • Lewontin R, Krakauer J (1975) Distribution of gene frequency as a test of the theory of the selective neutrality of polymorphisms. Genetics 74:175-195
    • (1975) Genetics , vol.74 , pp. 175-195
    • Lewontin, R.1    Krakauer, J.2
  • 53
    • 0035602843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A simple method for developing microsatellite markers using amplified fragments of inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR)
    • Lian C, Zhou Z, Hogetsu T (2001) A simple method for developing microsatellite markers using amplified fragments of inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR). J Plant Res 114:381-385
    • (2001) J Plant Res , vol.114 , pp. 381-385
    • Lian, C.1    Zhou, Z.2    Hogetsu, T.3
  • 56
    • 0003401433 scopus 로고
    • Harvard Univ. Press Cambridge, Massachusetts
    • Mayr E (1963) Animal species and evolution. Harvard Univ. Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts
    • (1963) Animal Species and Evolution
    • Mayr, E.1
  • 57
    • 0036603630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptive population divergence: Markers, QTL and traits
    • McKay JK, Latta RG (2002) Adaptive population divergence: markers, QTL and traits. Trends Ecol Evol 17:285-291
    • (2002) Trends Ecol Evol , vol.17 , pp. 285-291
    • McKay, J.K.1    Latta, R.G.2
  • 58
    • 27944474394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alleles in Space (AIS): Computer software for the joint analysis of interindividual spatial and genetic information
    • Miller MP (2005) Alleles In Space (AIS): computer software for the joint analysis of interindividual spatial and genetic information. J Hered 96:722-724
    • (2005) J Hered , vol.96 , pp. 722-724
    • Miller, M.P.1
  • 59
    • 0030432759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The one-migrant-per-generation rule in conservation and management
    • Mills LS, Allendorf FW (1996) The one-migrant-per-generation rule in conservation and management. Conserv Biol 10:1509-1518
    • (1996) Conserv Biol , vol.10 , pp. 1509-1518
    • Mills, L.S.1    Allendorf, F.W.2
  • 60
    • 0020965531 scopus 로고
    • Accuracy of estimated phylogenetic trees from molecular data. II. Gene frequency data
    • Nei M, Tajima F, Tateno Y (1983) Accuracy of estimated phylogenetic trees from molecular data. II. Gene frequency data. J Mol Evol 19:153-170
    • (1983) J Mol Evol , vol.19 , pp. 153-170
    • Nei, M.1    Tajima, F.2    Tateno, Y.3
  • 61
    • 18844390736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population genetic analysis of mountain plover using mitochondrial DNA sequence data
    • Oyler-McCance SJ, St. John J, Knopf FL, Quinn TW (2005) Population genetic analysis of mountain plover using mitochondrial DNA sequence data. Condor 107:353-362
    • (2005) Condor , vol.107 , pp. 353-362
    • Oyler-Mccance, S.J.1    St. John, J.2    Knopf, F.L.3    Quinn, T.W.4
  • 63
    • 0001285337 scopus 로고
    • Distribution and abundance of the snowy plover on its western North American breeding grounds
    • Page GW, Stenzel LE, Shuford WD, Bruce CR (1991) Distribution and abundance of the snowy plover on its western North American breeding grounds. J Field Ornithol 62:245-255
    • (1991) J Field Ornithol , vol.62 , pp. 245-255
    • Page, G.W.1    Stenzel, L.E.2    Shuford, W.D.3    Bruce, C.R.4
  • 64
    • 0003337040 scopus 로고
    • Snowy plover (Charadrius alexandrinus)
    • The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, and The American Ornithologists' Union Washington, DC
    • Page GW, JS Warriner, JC Warriner, Paton PWC (1995) Snowy plover (Charadrius alexandrinus). In: Poole A, Gill F (eds) The birds of North America, vol 154. The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, DC
    • (1995) The Birds of North America 154
    • Page, G.W.1    Warriner, J.S.2    Warriner, J.C.3    Paton, P.W.C.4    Poole, A.5    Gill, F.6
  • 65
    • 0036118611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosability versus mean differences of sage sparrow subspecies
    • Patten MA, Unitt P (2002) Diagnosability versus mean differences of sage sparrow subspecies. Auk 119:26-35
    • (2002) Auk , vol.119 , pp. 26-35
    • Patten, M.A.1    Unitt, P.2
  • 66
    • 0030442788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors affecting interannual movements of snowy plovers
    • Paton PWC, Edwards TC Jr (1996) Factors affecting interannual movements of snowy plovers. Auk 113:534-543
    • (1996) Auk , vol.113 , pp. 534-543
    • Paton, P.W.C.1    Edwards Jr., T.C.2
  • 67
    • 33746698481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are subspecies useful in evolutionary and conservation biology
    • Phillimore AB, Owens IPF (2006) Are subspecies useful in evolutionary and conservation biology. Proc Roy Soc Lond B 273:1049-1053
    • (2006) Proc Roy Soc Lond B , vol.273 , pp. 1049-1053
    • Phillimore, A.B.1    Owens, I.P.F.2
  • 68
    • 4043058142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic variation across the current range of the Asian Houbara bustard (Chlamydotis undulata macqueenii)
    • Pitra C, D'Aloia M-A, Lieckfeldt D, Combreau O (2004) Genetic variation across the current range of the Asian Houbara bustard (Chlamydotis undulata macqueenii). Conserv Gen 5:205-215
    • (2004) Conserv Gen , vol.5 , pp. 205-215
    • Pitra, C.1    D'Aloia, M.-A.2    Lieckfeldt, D.3    Combreau, O.4
  • 69
    • 0031773680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeltest: Testing the model of DNA substitution
    • Posada D, Crandall KA (1998) Modeltest: testing the model of DNA substitution. Bioinformatics 14:817-818
    • (1998) Bioinformatics , vol.14 , pp. 817-818
    • Posada, D.1    Crandall, K.A.2
  • 70
    • 0029346978 scopus 로고
    • Resolving genetic relationships with microsatellite markers: A parentage testing system for the swallow Hirundo rustica
    • Primmer CR, Moller AP, Ellegren H (1995) Resolving genetic relationships with microsatellite markers: a parentage testing system for the swallow Hirundo rustica. Mol Ecol 4:493-498
    • (1995) Mol Ecol , vol.4 , pp. 493-498
    • Primmer, C.R.1    Moller, A.P.2    Ellegren, H.3
  • 71
    • 0034118493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data
    • Pritchard JK, Stephens M, Donnelly P (2000) Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data. Genetics 155:945-959
    • (2000) Genetics , vol.155 , pp. 945-959
    • Pritchard, J.K.1    Stephens, M.2    Donnelly, P.3
  • 73
    • 0000262278 scopus 로고
    • GENEPOP (version 1.2): Population genetics software for exact tests and ecumenicism
    • Raymond M, Rousset F (1995) GENEPOP (version 1.2): population genetics software for exact tests and ecumenicism. J Heredity 83:248-249
    • (1995) J Heredity , vol.83 , pp. 248-249
    • Raymond, M.1    Rousset, F.2
  • 74
    • 0000625869 scopus 로고
    • Analyzing tables of statistical tests
    • Rice WR (1989) Analyzing tables of statistical tests. Evolution 43:223-225
    • (1989) Evolution , vol.43 , pp. 223-225
    • Rice, W.R.1
  • 75
    • 0042788720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence that human disturbance reduces snowy plover chick survival
    • Ruhlen TD, Abbott S, Stenzel LE, Page GW (2003) Evidence that human disturbance reduces snowy plover chick survival. J Field Ornithol 74:300-304
    • (2003) J Field Ornithol , vol.74 , pp. 300-304
    • Ruhlen, T.D.1    Abbott, S.2    Stenzel, L.E.3    Page, G.W.4
  • 77
    • 0022169067 scopus 로고
    • Gene flow in natural populations
    • Slatkin M (1985) Gene flow in natural populations. Ann Rev Ecol Syst 16:393-430
    • (1985) Ann Rev Ecol Syst , vol.16 , pp. 393-430
    • Slatkin, M.1
  • 78
    • 0023159436 scopus 로고
    • Gene flow and the geographic structure of natural populations
    • Slatkin M (1987) Gene flow and the geographic structure of natural populations. Science 236:787-792
    • (1987) Science , vol.236 , pp. 787-792
    • Slatkin, M.1
  • 79
    • 4043097505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conservation priorities for resplendent quetzals based on analysis of mitochondrial DNA control region sequences
    • Solorzano S, Baker AJ, Oyama K (2004) Conservation priorities for resplendent quetzals based on analysis of mitochondrial DNA control region sequences. Condor 106:449-456
    • (2004) Condor , vol.106 , pp. 449-456
    • Solorzano, S.1    Baker, A.J.2    Oyama, K.3
  • 80
    • 0033161156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primers for a PCR-based approach to mitochondrial genome sequencing in birds and other vertebrates
    • Sorenson MD, Ast JC, Dimcheff DE, Yuri T, Mindell DP (1999) Primers for a PCR-based approach to mitochondrial genome sequencing in birds and other vertebrates. Mol Phylogenet Evol 12:105-114
    • (1999) Mol Phylogenet Evol , vol.12 , pp. 105-114
    • Sorenson, M.D.1    Ast, J.C.2    Dimcheff, D.E.3    Yuri, T.4    Mindell, D.P.5
  • 84
    • 19544387609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing successive approximations and simultaneous optimization approaches to maximum likelihood estimation of phylogeny from DNA sequences
    • Sullivan J, Abdo Z, Joyce P, Swofford DL (2005) Comparing successive approximations and simultaneous optimization approaches to maximum likelihood estimation of phylogeny from DNA sequences. Mol Biol Evol 22:1386-1392
    • (2005) Mol Biol Evol , vol.22 , pp. 1386-1392
    • Sullivan, J.1    Abdo, Z.2    Joyce, P.3    Swofford, D.L.4
  • 86
    • 0024313579 scopus 로고
    • Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism
    • Tajima F (1989) Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism. Genetics 123:585-595
    • (1989) Genetics , vol.123 , pp. 585-595
    • Tajima, F.1
  • 87
    • 0027157960 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees
    • Tamura K, Nei M (1993) Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees. Mol Biol Evol 10:512-526
    • (1993) Mol Biol Evol , vol.10 , pp. 512-526
    • Tamura, K.1    Nei, M.2
  • 88
    • 0031574072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Clustal X windows interface: Flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools
    • Thompson JD, Gibson TJ, Plewniak F, Jeanmougin F, Higgins D (1997) The Clustal X windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Res 25:4876-4882
    • (1997) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.25 , pp. 4876-4882
    • Thompson, J.D.1    Gibson, T.J.2    Plewniak, F.3    Jeanmougin, F.4    Higgins, D.5
  • 89
    • 0005372504 scopus 로고
    • Determination that 11 plant taxa are endangered species and two plant taxa are threatened species
    • USFWS (US Fish and Wildlife Service)
    • USFWS (US Fish and Wildlife Service) (1978) Determination that 11 plant taxa are endangered species and two plant taxa are threatened species. Federal Register 43:17910-17916
    • (1978) Federal Register , vol.43 , pp. 17910-17916
  • 90
    • 0001642142 scopus 로고
    • Determination of threatened status for the Pacific Coast population of the western snowy plover
    • USFWS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service)
    • USFWS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) (1993) Determination of threatened status for the Pacific Coast population of the western snowy plover. Federal Register 58:12864-12874
    • (1993) Federal Register , vol.58 , pp. 12864-12874
  • 91
    • 0000343551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Policy regarding the recognition of distinct vertebrate population segments under the Endangered Species Act
    • USFWS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) and NMFS (National Marine Fisheries Service)
    • USFWS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) and NMFS (National Marine Fisheries Service) (1996) Policy regarding the recognition of distinct vertebrate population segments under the Endangered Species Act. Federal Register 61:4721-4725
    • (1996) Federal Register , vol.61 , pp. 4721-4725
  • 92
    • 0036278877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conservation genetic of the loggerhead shrike (Lanius ludovicianus) in central and eastern North America
    • Valliantoes M, Lougheed SC, Boag PT (2002) Conservation genetic of the loggerhead shrike (Lanius ludovicianus) in central and eastern North America. Conserv Gen 3:1-13
    • (2002) Conserv Gen , vol.3 , pp. 1-13
    • Valliantoes, M.1    Lougheed, S.C.2    Boag, P.T.3
  • 93
    • 33645859299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What is a population? An empirical evaluation of some genetic methods for identifying the number of gene pools and their degree of connectivity
    • Waples RS, Gaggiotti O (2006) What is a population? An empirical evaluation of some genetic methods for identifying the number of gene pools and their degree of connectivity. Mol Ecol 15:1419-1439
    • (2006) Mol Ecol , vol.15 , pp. 1419-1439
    • Waples, R.S.1    Gaggiotti, O.2
  • 94
    • 0002443128 scopus 로고
    • Mating system and reproductive success of a small population of polygamous Snowy Plovers
    • Warriner JS, Warriner JC, Page GW, Stenzel LE (1986) Mating system and reproductive success of a small population of polygamous Snowy Plovers. Wilson Bull 98:15-37
    • (1986) Wilson Bull , vol.98 , pp. 15-37
    • Warriner, J.S.1    Warriner, J.C.2    Page, G.W.3    Stenzel, L.E.4
  • 95
    • 0028055035 scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial control-region sequences in two shorebird species, the turnstone and the dunlin, and their utility in population genetic studies
    • Wenink PW, Baker AJ, Tilanus GJ (1994). Mitochondrial control-region sequences in two shorebird species, the turnstone and the dunlin, and their utility in population genetic studies. Mol Biol Evol 11:22-31
    • (1994) Mol Biol Evol , vol.11 , pp. 22-31
    • Wenink, P.W.1    Baker, A.J.2    Tilanus, G.J.3
  • 96
    • 0021626341 scopus 로고
    • Distribution, abundance, and nesting characteristics of snowy plovers on the Oregon coast
    • Wilson-Jacobs R, Meslow EC (1984) Distribution, abundance, and nesting characteristics of snowy plovers on the Oregon coast. Northwest Sci 58:40-48
    • (1984) Northwest Sci , vol.58 , pp. 40-48
    • Wilson-Jacobs, R.1    Meslow, E.C.2
  • 97
    • 0001771498 scopus 로고
    • Evolution in Mendelian populations
    • Wright S (1931) Evolution in Mendelian populations. Genetics 16:97-259
    • (1931) Genetics , vol.16 , pp. 97-259
    • Wright, S.1
  • 98
    • 0037604187 scopus 로고
    • The study of geographic variation
    • Zink RM (1989) The study of geographic variation. Auk 106:157-160
    • (1989) Auk , vol.106 , pp. 157-160
    • Zink, R.M.1
  • 99
    • 1442291633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of subspecies in obscuring avian biological diversity and misleading conservation policy
    • Zink RM (2004) The role of subspecies in obscuring avian biological diversity and misleading conservation policy. Proc R Soc Lond B 271:561-564
    • (2004) Proc R Soc Lond B , vol.271 , pp. 561-564
    • Zink, R.M.1
  • 100
    • 0033780066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetics, taxonomy, and conservation of the threatened California gnatcatcher
    • Zink RM, Barrowclough GF, Atwood JL, Blackwell-Rago RC (2000) Genetics, taxonomy, and conservation of the threatened California gnatcatcher. Conserv Biol 14:1394-1405
    • (2000) Conserv Biol , vol.14 , pp. 1394-1405
    • Zink, R.M.1    Barrowclough, G.F.2    Atwood, J.L.3    Blackwell-Rago, R.C.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.