Basal ganglia lesions and the theory of fronto-subcortical loops: Neuropsychological findings in two patients with left caudate lesions

Neurocase

Volumn 9, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 70-85

  Benke, Thomas ^a   Delazer, Margarete ^a   Bartha, Lisa ^a   Auer, Alexandra ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF INNSBRUCK   (Austria)

Author keywords

Basal ganglia; Caudate nucleus; Cognitive impairment; Fronto subcortical loops

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AMNESIA; ARITHMETIC; ARTICLE; ATTENTION; BEHAVIOR DISORDER; BRAIN FUNCTION; BRAIN HEMATOMA; BRAIN INJURY; CASE REPORT; CAUDATE NUCLEUS; COGNITION; COGNITIVE DEFECT; CORPUS STRIATUM; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE SEVERITY; EXTRAPYRAMIDAL SYNDROME; FEMALE; FRONTAL CORTEX; GLOBUS PALLIDUS; HUMAN; HYPOTHESIS; INTELLIGENCE; LANGUAGE; MALE; MEMORY; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PATHOGENESIS; PREDICTION; PREVALENCE; PUTAMEN;

BASAL GANGLIA; BEHAVIOR; CAUDATE NUCLEUS; CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; COGNITION DISORDERS; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; FRONTAL LOBE; HUMANS; INTELLIGENCE; LANGUAGE; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; MALE; MATHEMATICS; MEMORY; MENTAL PROCESSES; MIDDLE AGED; NERVE NET; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; PSYCHOMOTOR PERFORMANCE;

EID: 0037804700     PISSN: 13554794     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1076/neur.9.1.70.14374     Document Type: Article

References (99)

1. Abdullaev YG, Bechtereva NP, Melnichuk KV. Neuronal activity of human caudate nucleus and prefrontal cortex in cognitive tasks. Behavioural Brain Research 1998; 97: 159-77.
2. Alexander GE, DeLong MR, Strick PL. Parallel organization of functionally segregated circuits linking basal ganglia and cortex. Annual Review of Neuroscience 1986; 9: 357-81.
3. Alexander MP, Naeser MA, Palumbo CL. Correlations of subcortical CT lesion sites and aphasia profiles. Brain 1987; 110(Pt 4): 961-91.
4. Baxter LR Jr., Schwartz JM, Bergman KS, Szuba MP, Guze BH, Mazziotta JC, Alazraki A, Selin CE, Ferng HK, Munford P. Caudate glucose metabolic rate changes with both drug and behavior therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry 1992; 49: 681-9.
5. Berent S, Giordani B, Lehtinen S, Markel D, Penney JB, Buchtel HA, Starosta-Rubinstein S, Hichwa R, Young AB. Positron emission tomographic scan investigations of Huntington's disease: Cerebral metabolic correlates of cognitive function. Annals of Neurology 1988; 23: 541-6.
6. Bhatia KP, Marsden CD. The behavioural and motor consequences of focal lesions of the basal ganglia in man. Brain 1995; 117(Pt 4): 859-76.
7. Bokura H, Robinson RG. Long-term cognitive impairment associated with caudate stroke. Stroke 1997; 28: 970-5.
8. Cambier J, Elghozi D, Strube E. [Hemorrhage of the head of the left caudate nucleus: Disorganization of speech and graphic expression, and disturbances in gestures (authors transl)]. Revista de Neurologia (Paris) 1979; 135: 763-74.
9. Canavero S, Fontanella M. Behavioral-inattentional syndrome following bilateral caudate head ischemia. Journal of Neurology 1998; 245: 322-4.
10. Caplan LR, Schmahmann JD, Kase CS, Feldmann E, Baquis G, Greenberg JP, Gorelick PB, Helgason C, Hier DB. Caudate infarcts. Archives of Neurology 1990; 47: 133-43.
11. Chenery HJ, Copland DA, Murdoch BE. The processing of lexical ambiguities within a sentential context following nonthalamic subcortical lesions. Brain and Language 1999; 69: 405-8.
12. Chukwudelunzu FE, Meschia JF, Graff-Radford NR, Lucas JA. Extensive metabolic and neuropsychological abnormalities associated with discrete infarction of the genu of the internal capsule. Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 2001; 71: 658-62.
13. Copland DA, Chenery HJ, Murdoch BE. Persistent cognitive deficits in complex language function following dominant nonthalamic subcortical lesions. Journal of Medical Speech-Language Pathology 2000a; 8: 1-14.
14. Copland DA, Chenery HJ, Murdoch BE. Understanding ambiguous words in biased sentences: Evidence of transient contextual effects in individuals with nonthalamic subcortical lesions and Parkinson's disease. Cortex 2000b; 36: 601-22.
15. Copland DA, Chenery HJ, Murdoch BE. Discourse priming of homophones in individuals with dominant nonthalamic subcortical lesions, cortical lesions and Parkinson's disease. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology 2001; 23: 538-56.
16. Costello AL, Warrington EK. Dynamic aphasia: The selective impairment of verbal planning. Cortex 1989; 25: 103-14.
17. Crewe WD, Manning CA, Skalabrin E. Neuropsychological impairments of executive functions and memory in a case of bilateral paramedian thalamic infarction. Neurocase 1996; 2: 405-12.
18. Crosson B, Zawacki T, Brinson G, Lu I, Sadek LR. Models of subcortical functions in language: Current status. Journal of Neurolinguistics 1997; 10: 277-300.
19. Damasio AR, Damasio H, Rizzo M, Varney N, Gersh F. Aphasia with nonhemorrhagic lesions in the basal ganglia and internal capsule. Archives of Neurology 1982; 39: 15-24.
20. Degos JD, Da Fonseca N, Gray F, Cesaro P. Severe frontal syndrome associated with infarcts of the left anterior cingulate gyrus and the head of the right caudate nucleus. A clinico-pathological case. Brain 1993; 116(Pt 6): 1541-8.
21. Delis DC, Kramer JH, Freeland J, Kaplan E. The California Verbal Learning Test. San Antonio: Psychological Corporation, 1987.
22. Deloche G, Seron X, Larroque C, Magnien C, Metz-Lutz MN, Noel MN, Riva I, Schils JP, Dordain M, Ferrand I. Calculation and number processing: Assessment battery; Role of demographic factors. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology 1994; 16: 195-208.
23. Dubois B, Defontaines B, Deweer B, Malapani C, Pillon B. Cognitive and behavioral changes on patients with focal lesions of the basal ganglia. In: Weiner WW, Lang AE, editors. Behavioral Neurology of Movement Disorders. New York: Raven Press, 1995.
24. Fimm B, Zahn R, Mull M, Kemeny S, Buchwald F, Block F, Schwarz M. Asymmetries of visual attention after circumscribed subcortical vascular lesions. Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 2001; 71: 652-7.
25. Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. "Mini-mental state". A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research 1975; 12: 189-98.
26. Foster JK, Eskes GA, Stuss DT. The cognitive neuropsychology of attention: A frontal lobe perspective. Cognitive Neuropsychology 1994; 11: 133-47.
27. Fuster JM. The Prefrontal Cortex. New York: Raven Press, 1989.
28. Garraux G, Salmon E, Degueldre C, Lemaire C, Laureys S, Franck G. Comparison of impaired subcortico-frontal metabolic networks in normal aging, subcortico-frontal dementia, and cortical frontal dementia. Neuroimage 1999; 10: 149-62.
29. Gentilini M, De Renzi E, Crisi G. Bilateral paramedian thalamic artery infarcts: Report of eight cases. Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 1987; 50: 900-9.
30. Gershberg FB, Shimamura AP. Impaired use of organizational strategies in free recall following frontal lobe damage. Neuropsychologia 1995; 33: 1305-33.
31. Ghika-Schmid F, Bogousslavsky J. The acute behavioral syndrome of anterior thalamic infarction: A prospective study of 12 cases. Annals of Neurology 2000; 48: 220-7.
32. Gireli L, Delazer M. Subtraction bugs in an acalculic patient. Cortex 1996; 32: 547-55.
33. Godefroy O, Lhullier C, Rousseaux M. Non-spatial attention disorders in patients with frontal or posterior brain damage. Brain 1996; 119(Pt 1): 191-202.
34. Godefroy O, Rousseaux M, Pruvo JP, Cabaret M, Leys D. Neuropsychological changes related to unilateral lenticulostriate infarcts. Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 1994; 57: 480-5.
35. Goldenberg G. Goldenberg-Flexibilitätstest. In: von Cramon Y, Mai N, Ziegler W, editors. Neuropsychologische Diagnostik. Weinheim: VCH, 1993.
36. Gurd JM, Bamford JM. Striato-capsular infarcts: Contrasting cases. Journal of Neurolinguistics 1997; 10: 325-46.
37. Heaton RK, Chelune GJ, Talley JL, Kay GG, Curtis G. Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. Florida: PAR, 1993.
38. Holthoff-Detto VA, Kessler J, Herholz K, Bonner H, Pietrzyk U, Wurker M, Ghaemi M, Wienhard K, Wagner R, Heiss WD. Functional effects of striatal dysfunction in Parkinson disease. Archives of Neurology 1997; 54: 145-50.
39. Houk JC, Wise SP. Distributed modular architectures linking basal ganglia, cerebellum, and cerebral cortex: Their role in planning and controlling action. Cerebral Cortex 1995; 5: 95-110.
40. Huber W, Poeck K, Weniger D, Willmes K. Der Aachener Aphasietest. Göttingen: Hogrefe, 1983.
41. Ilmberger J. Der Münchner Gedächtnistest. 1988. München: 30th Annual meeting of the TEAP. Ref Type: Conference Proceeding.
42. Jackson M, Warrington EK. Arithmetic skills in patients with unilateral cerebral lesions. Cortex 1986; 22: 611-20.
43. Jones-Gotman M, Milner B. Design fluency: The invention of non-sense drawings after focal cortical lesions. Neuropsychologia 1977; 15: 653-74.
44. Kawamura M, Takahashi N, Hirayama K. Hemichorea and its denial in a case of caudate infarction diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging. Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 1988; 51: 590-1.
45. Kimura D. Neuropsychological Test Procedures. London, Ontario: DJ Consultants, 1986.
46. Kleist K. Gehirnpathologie. Leipzig: Barth, 1934.
47. Kooista CA, Heilman KM. Memory loss from a subcortical white matter infarct. Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 1988; 51: 866-9.
48. Kreisler A, Godefroy O, Delmaire C, Debachy B, Leclercq M, Pruvo JP, Leys D. The anatomy of aphasia revisited. Neurology 2000; 54: 1117-23.
49. Kumral E, Evyapan D, Balkir K. Acute caudate vascular lesions. Stroke 1999; 30: 100-8.
50. Langdon D, Warrington EK. Verbal and Spatial Reasoning Test. East Sussex: LEA, 1995.
51. Laplane D, Baulac M, Widlocher D, Dubois B. Pure psychic akinesia with bilateral lesions of basal ganglia. Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 1984; 47: 377-85.
52. Laplane D, Levasseur M, Pillon B, Dubois B, Baulac M, Mazoyer B, Tran DS, Sette G, Danze F, Baron JC. Obsessive-compulsive and other behavioural changes with bilateral basal ganglia lesions. A neuropsychological, magnetic resonance imaging and positron tomography study. Brain 1989; 112(Pt 3): 699-725.
53. Lawrence AD, Sahakian BJ, Robbins TW. Cognitive functions and corticostriatal circuits: Insights from Huntington's disease. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 1998; 2: 379-88.
54. Lehrl S. Mehrfachwahl-Wortschatz-Intelligenztest. Erlangen: Straube Verlag, 1977.
55. Lezak MD. Neuropsychological Assessment. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.
56. Luria AR, Tsvetkova LS. The mechanism of 'dynamic aphasia'. Foundation of Language 1967; 4: 196-307.
57. Madureira S, Guerreiro M, Ferro JM. A follow-up study of cognitive impairment due to inferior capsular genu infarction. Journal of Neurology 1999; 246: 764-9.
58. Mai NK, Assheuer J, Paxinos G. Atlas of the Human Brain. San Diego: Academic Press, 1997.
59. Mantovan C, Delazer M, Ermani M, Denes G. The breakdown of calculation procedures in Alzheimer's disease. Cortex 1999; 35: 21-38.
60. Markowitsch HJ, Von Cramon DY, Hofmann E, Sick CD, Kinzler P. Verbal memory deterioration after unilateral infarct of the internal capsule in an adolescent. Cortex 1990; 26: 597-609.
61. Mega MS, Alexander MP. Subcortical aphasia: The core profile of capsulostriatal infarction. Neurology 1994; 44: 1824-9.
62. Mega MS, Cummings JL. Frontal-subcortical circuits and neuropsychiatric disorders. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 1994; 6: 358-70.
63. Mendez MF, Adams NL, Lewandowski KS. Neurobehavioral changes associated with caudate lesions. Neurology 1989; 39: 349-54.
64. Mesulam MM. A cortical network for directed attention and unilateral neglect. Annals of Neurology 1981; 10: 309-25.
65. Mesulam MM. Frontal cortex and behavior. Annals of Neurology 1986; 19: 320-5.
66. Middleton FA, Strick PL. The temporal lobe is a target of output from the basal ganglia. Proceedings of the National Academy of the Sciences USA 1996; 93: 8683-7.
67. Middleton FA, Strick PL. Basal ganglia output and cognition: Evidence from anatomical, behavioral, and clinical studies. Brain and Cognition 2000; 42: 183-200.
68. Milner B. Interhemispheric differences in the localization of psychological processes in man. British Medical Bulletin 1971; 27: 272-7.
69. Nadeau SE, Crosson B. Subcortical aphasia. Brain and Language 1997; 58: 355-402.
70. Naeser MA, Alexander MP, Helm-Estabrooks N, Levine HL, Laughlin SA, Geschwind N. Aphasia with predominantly subcortical lesion sites: Description of three capsular/putaminal aphasia syndromes. Archives of Neurology 1982; 39: 2-14.
71. Posner MI, Petersen SE. The attention system of the human brain. Annual Reviews of Neuroscience 1990; 13: 25-42.
72. Pozzilli C, Passafiume D, Bastianello S, D'Antona R, Lenzi GL. Remote effects of caudate hemorrhage: A clinical and functional study. Cortex 1987; 23: 341-9.
73. Prigatano GP, Schacter DL. Awareness of Deficit After Brain Injury: Clinical and Theoretical Issues. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991.
74. Puel M, Demonet JF, Cardebat D, Bonafe A, Gazounaud Y, Guiraud-Chaumeil B, Rascol A. [Subcortical aphasia. Neurolinguistic and x-ray computed tomography studies of 25 cases]. Reviews of Neurology (Paris) 1984; 140: 695-710.
75. Richfield EK, Twyman R, Berent S. Neurological syndrome following bilateral damage to the head of the caudate nuclei. Annals of Neurology 1987; 22: 768-71.
76. Rinne JO, Portin R, Ruottinen H, Nurmi E, Bergman J, Haaparanta M, Solin O. Cognitive impairment and the brain dopaminergic system in Parkinson disease: [18F]fluorodopa positron emission tomographic study. Archives of Neurology 2000; 57: 470-5.
77. Robinson G, Blair J, Cipolotti L. Dynamic aphasia: An inability to select between competing verbal responses? Brain 1998; 121 (Pt 1): 77-89.
78. Rubin DC. Fronto-striatal circuits in cognitive aging: Evidence for caudate involvement. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition 1999; 6: 241-59.
79. Schnider A, Gutbrod K, Hess CW, Schroth G. Memory without context: Amnesia with confabulations after infarction of the right capsular genu. Journal of Neurol Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 1996; 61: 186-93.
80. Semenza C, Miceli L, Girelli L. A deficit for arithmetical procedures: Lack of knowledge or lack of monitoring? Cortex 1997; 33: 483-98.
81. Shallice T, Burgess P. Higher-order cognitive impairments and frontal lobe lesions in man. In: Levin HS, Eisenberg HM, Benton AL, editors. Frontal Lobe Functions and Dysfunctions. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991: 125-38.
82. Shimamura AP, Janowski JS, Squire LS. What is the role of frontal lobe damage in memory disorders? In: Levin HS, Eisenberg HM, Benton AL, editors. Frontal Lobe Functions and Dysfunctions. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991: 173-98.
83. Spreen O, Strauss E. A Compendium of Neuropsychological Tests. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991.
84. Sprengelmeyer R, Lange H, Homberg V. The pattern of attentional deficits in Huntington's disease. Brain 1995; 118(Pt 1): 145-52.
85. Starkstein SE, Fedoroff P, Berthier ML, Robinson RG. Manic-depressive and pure manic states after brain lesions. Biology and Psychiatry 1991; 29: 149-58.
86. Stein RW, Kase CS, Hier DB, Caplan LR, Mohr JP, Hemmati M, Henderson K. Caudate hemorrhage. Neurology 1984; 34: 1549-54.
87. Strub RL. Frontal lobe syndrome in a patient with bilateral globus pallidus lesions. Archives of Neurology 1989; 46: 1024-7.
88. Stuss DT, Benson DF. The Frontal Lobes. New York: Raven Press, 1986.
89. Tatemichi TK, Desmond DW, Prohovnik I, Cross DT, Gropen TI, Mohr JP, Stern Y. Confusion and memory loss from capsular genu infarction: A thalamocortical disconnection syndrome? Neurology 1992; 42: 1966-79.
90. Trillet M, Croisile B. Tourniaire D, Schott B. [Disorders of voluntary motor activity and lesions of caudate nuclei]. Reviews of Neurology (Paris) 1990; 146: 338-44.
91. Wallesch CW. Symptomatology of subcortical aphasia. Journal of Neurolinguistics 1997; 10: 267-75.
92. Warrington EK. Recognition Memory Test. Windsor: NFER-Nelson, 1984.
93. Weiller C, Ringelstein EB, Reiche W, Thron A, Buell U. The large striatocapsular infarct. A clinical and pathophysiological entity. Archives of Neurology 1990; 47: 1085-91.
94. Weiller C, Willmes K, Reiche W, Thron A, Isensee C, Buell U, Ringelstein EB. The case of aphasia or neglect after striatocapsular infarction. Brain 1993; 116(Pt 6): 1509-25.
95. Wheeler MA, Stuss DT, Tulving E. Frontal lobe damage produces episodic memory impairment. Journal of International Neuropsychology Society 1995; 1: 525-36.
96. Willmes K, Poeck K. To what extent can aphasic syndromes be localized? Brain 1993; 116(Pt 6): 1527-40.
97. Wilson BA, Alderman N, Burgess PW, Emslie H, Evans JJ. Behavioural Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome. Bury St. Edmunds: Thames Valley Test Company, 1996.
98. Ziegler W, Kilian B, Deger K. The role of the left mesial frontal cortex in fluent speech: Evidence from a case of left supplementary motor area hemorrhage. Neuropsychologia 1997; 35: 1197-208.
99. Zimmermann P, Fimm B. Testbatterie zur Aufmerksamkeitsprüfung. Herzogenath: Psytest, 1993.