Therapeutic drug monitoring and clinical outcomes in epileptic Egyptian patients: A gene polymorphism perspective study

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

Volumn 29, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 305-312

  Mohammed Ebid, Abdel Hameed I ^a   Ahmed, Mona M M ^b   Mohammed, Samah A ^b  

^a Ein Helwan   (Egypt)

^b AIN SHAMS UNIVERSITY   (Egypt)

Author keywords

ABCB1; Anti epileptics; Dilantin; Gene polymorphism; MDR 1; P glycoprotein; Pharmacogenetic; Phenytoin

Indexed keywords

ANTICONVULSIVE AGENT; MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE PROTEIN 1; PHENYTOIN; ABCB1 PROTEIN, HUMAN; ORGANIC ANION TRANSPORTER; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ADULT; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG BLOOD LEVEL; DRUG MONITORING; DRUG RESPONSE; DRUG SAFETY; EGYPT; FEMALE; FOCAL EPILEPSY; FOLLOW UP; GENETIC POLYMORPHISM; GENETIC VARIABILITY; GENOTYPE; GRAND MAL EPILEPSY; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TREATMENT OUTCOME; UNSPECIFIED SIDE EFFECT; BLOOD; CASE CONTROL STUDY; EPILEPSY; GENETICS; METHODOLOGY; PHARMACOGENETICS;

ADULT; ANTICONVULSANTS; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; DRUG MONITORING; EGYPT; EPILEPSY; FEMALE; GENOTYPE; HUMANS; MALE; ORGANIC ANION TRANSPORTERS; PHARMACOGENETICS; PHENYTOIN; POLYMORPHISM, GENETIC;

EID: 34447501746     PISSN: 01634356     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/FTD.0b013e318067ce90     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Casetta I, Granieri E, Monetti VC. Early predictors of intractability in childhood epilepsy: a community-based case-control study in Copparo, Italy. Acta Neurol Scand. 1999;99:329-333.
2. Gelisse P, Genton P, Thomas P, et al. Clinical factors of drug resistance in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2001;70:240-243.
3. MacDonald BK, Johnson AL, Goodridge DM, et al. Factors predicting prognosis of epilepsy after presentation with seizures. Ann Neurol. 2000;48:833-841.
4. Ling V. Multidrug resistance: molecular mechanisms and clinical relevance. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1997;40(Suppl):S3-S8.
5. Loscher W, Potschka H. Role of multidrug transporters in pharmacoresistance to antiepileptic drugs. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002;301:7-14.
6. Chen CJ, Clark D, Ueda K, et al. Genomix organization of the human multidrug resistance (MDR-1) gene and origin of P-glycoprotein. J Biol Chem. 1990;265:506-514.
7. Fojo AT, Ueda K, Slamon DJ, et al. Expression of a multidrug-resistance gene in human tumors and tissues. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987;82:7661-7665.
8. Ueda K, Cornwell MM, Gottesman MM, et al. The MDR-1 gene, responsible for multidrug resistance, codes for P-glycoprotein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1988;141:956-962.
9. Borst P, Evers R, Kool M, et al. A family of drug transporters: the multidrug resistance associated proteins. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000;92:1295-1302.
10. Ambudkar SV, Dey S, Hrycyna CA, et al. Biochemical, cellular and pharmacological aspects of the multidrug transporter. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 1999;39:361-398.
11. Borst P, Schinkel AH, Smith JJ, et al. Classical and novel forms of multi drug resistance and the physiological functions of P-gp in mammals. Pharmacol Ther. 1993;60:289-299.
12. Thiebaut F, Tsuruo T, Hamada H, et al. Cellular location of the multidrug resistance gene product P-gp in normal human tissues. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987;84:7735-7738.
13. Sugawara I, Kataoka I, Morishita Y, et al. Tissue distribution of P-glycoprotein encoded by a multidrug-resistance gene as revealed by a monoclonal antibody, MRK16. Cancer Res. 1988;48:1926-1929.
14. Cordon-Cardo C, O'Brien JP, Buccia J, et al. Expression of multidrug resistance gene product (P-glycoprotein) in human normal and tumor tissues. J Histochem Cytochem. 1990;38:1277-1287.
15. Cordon-Cardo C, O'Brien JP, Casals D, et al. Multidrug-resistance gene (P-glycoprotein) is expressed by endothelial cells at blood brain barrier sites. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989;86:695-698.
16. Nakamura Y, Ikeda S, Furukawa T, et al. Function of P-glycoprotein expressed in placenta and mole. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997;235:849-853.
17. Higgins CF, Gottesman MM. Is the multidrug transporter a flippase? Trends Biochem Sci. 1992;17:18-21.
18. Kupfer A, Preisig R. Pharmacogenetics of Mephenytoin: a new drug hydroxylation polymorphism in man. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1984;26:753-759.
19. Hoffmeyer S, Burk O, Von-Richter O, et al. Functional polymorphisms of the human multidrug-resistance gene: multiple sequence variations and correlation of one allele with P-glycoprotein expression and activity in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000;97:3473-3478.
20. Graves NM, Garnett WR. Epilepsy. In: Dipiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, et al, eds. Pharmacotherapy: A Patho-Physiologic Approach, ed 4. Stamford, CT: Appleton and Lange; 1999:952-975.
21. Lacy CF, Armstrong LL, Goldman MP, et al. Drug information hand book "international". Adapted from: Drug Information Handbook, ed 12. Hidson, Ohio: LEXI-COMP; 2004:1211-1215.
22. Sakaeda T, Nakamura T, Horinouchi M, et al. MDR1 Genotype-related pharmacokinetics of digoxin after single oral administration in healthy Japanese subjects. Pharm Res. 2001;18:1400-1404.
23. Hamdy SI, Hiratsuka M, Narahara K, et al. Genotype and allele frequencies of TPMT, NAT2, GST, SULT1A1 and MDR-1 in the Egyptian population. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2003;55:560-569.
24. Tate SK, Depondt C, Sisodiya SM. Genetic predictors of the maximum doses patients receive during clinical use of the anti-epileptic drugs carbamazepine and phenytoin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005;102:5507-5512.
25. Tozer, TN, Winter ME. Phenytoin. In: Evans WE, Shentag JJ, Jusko WJ, eds. Applied Pharmacokinetics: Principles of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, ed 1. San Francisco: Applied Therpaeutics; 1980:275-296.
26. Tishler DM, Weinberg KI, Hinton DR, et al. MDR1 gene expression in brain of patients with medically intractable epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1995;36:1-6.
27. Sisodiya SM, Heffernan J, Squier MV. Over-expression of P-gp in malformations of cortical development. Neuroreport. 1999;10:3437-3441.
28. Sisodiya SM, Lin WR, Squier MV, et al. Multidrug-resistance protein 1 in focal cortical dysplasia. Lancet. 2001;357:42-43.
29. Sisodiya SM, Lin WR, Harding BN, et al. Drug resistance in epilepsy: expression of drug resistance proteins in common causes of refractory epilepsy. Brain. 2002;125:22-31.
30. Lazarowski A, Sevlever G, Taratuto A, et al. Tuberous sclerosis associated with MDR1 gene expression and drug-resistant epilepsy. Pediatr Neurol. 1999;21:731-734.
31. Dombrowski SM, Desai SY, Marroni M. Overexpression of multiple drug resistance genes in endothelial cells from patients with refractory epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2001;42:1501-1506.
32. Bauer LA. Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. In: Dipiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, et al, eds. Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach, ed 4. Stamford, CT: Appleton and Lange; 1999:21-43.
33. Lu AY. Drug-Metabolism research challenges in the new millennium: individual variability in drug therapy and drug safety. Drug Metab Dispos. 1998;26:1217-1222.
34. Verstuyft C, Schwab Mathias, Schaeffeler E, et al. Digoxin pharmacokinetics and MDR-1genetic polymorphism. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2003;58:809-812.
35. Fromm MF. The influence of MDR-1 polymorphisms on P-gp expression and function in humans. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2002;54:1295-1310.
36. Drach J, Gsur A, Hamilton G, et al. Involvement of P-glycoprotein in the transmembrane transport of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, and interferon-gamma in normal human T lymphocytes. Blood. 1996;88:1747-1754.
37. Schinkel AH, Mayer U, Wagenaar E, et al. Normal viability and altered pharmacokinetics in mice lacking mdr1-type (drug-transporting) P-glycoproteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997;94:4028-4033.
38. Wijnholds J, Evers R, van-Leusden MR, et al. Increased sensitivity to anticancer drugs and decreased inflammatory response in mice lacking the multidrug resistance-associated protein. Nat Med. 1997;3:1275-1279.
39. Meissner K, Sperker B, Karsten C, et al. Expression and Localization of P-glycoprotein in Human Heart: Effects of Cardiomyopathy. J Histochem Cytochem. 2002;50:1351-1356.
40. Sukhai M, Piquette-Miller M. Regulation of the Multidrug Resistance Genes by Stress Signals. J Pharm Pharmaceut Sci. 2000;3:268-280.
41. Ebid AI, Mokhtar MS, Abdel-Shafi S, et al. Pharmacogenetics-oriented therapeutic drug monitoring of digoxin in critically ill patients. SPJ. 2006;14:150-156.
42. Nicole s, Gianpiero L, Michael EW, et al. Identifying candidate causal variants responsible for altered activity of the ABCB1 multidrug resistance gene. Genome Res. 2004;14:1333-1344.
43. Siddiqui A, Kerb R, Weale M, et al. Association of multidrug resistance in epilepsy with a polymorphism in the drug-transporter gene ABCB1. New Eng J Med. 2003;15:1442-1448.
44. Kerb R, Aynacioglu AS, Brockmoller J, et al. The predictive value of MDR-1, CYP2C9 and YP2C19 polymorphisms for phenytoin plasma levels. Pharmacogenomics. 2001;1:204-210.
45. Schinkel AH, Wagenaar E, Mol CA, et al. P-glycoprotein in the bloodbrain barrier of mice influences the brain penetration and pharmacological activity of many drugs. J Clin Invest. 1996;97:2517-2524.