The impact of autoimmunity on hepatocytes

Seminars in Liver Disease

Volumn 27, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 140-151

  Vergani, Diego ^a   Mieli Vergani, Giorgina ^a  

^a KING S COLLEGE HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Autoantibodies; Autoimmune hepatitis; Autoreactive T cells; Hepatitis C virus infection; T regulatory cells

Indexed keywords

ANTIBODY PRODUCTION; AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS; AUTOIMMUNITY; B LYMPHOCYTE; CELLULAR IMMUNITY; CHRONIC HEPATITIS; HEPATITIS C; HUMORAL IMMUNITY; IMMUNOREGULATION; LIVER CELL; LIVER TRANSPLANTATION; POLYCLONAL ACTIVATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW;

ANIMALS; ANTIBODY FORMATION; AUTOANTIBODIES; AUTOIMMUNITY; B-LYMPHOCYTES; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; CD4-POSITIVE T-LYMPHOCYTES; CD8-POSITIVE T-LYMPHOCYTES; HEPATITIS C, CHRONIC; HEPATITIS, AUTOIMMUNE; HEPATOCYTES; HUMANS; IMMUNITY, CELLULAR; LIVER TRANSPLANTATION;

EID: 34249898389     PISSN: 02728087     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-979467     Document Type: Review

References (80)

1. Johnson PJ, McFarlane IG. Meeting report: International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group. Hepatology 1993;18:998-1005
2. Alvarez F, Berg PA, Bianchi FB, et al. International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group Report: review of criteria for diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis. J Hepatol 1999,31:929-938
3. Vergani D, Alvarez F, Bianchi FB, et al. Liver autoimmune serology: a consensus statement from the committee for autoimmune serology of the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group. J Hepatol 2004;41:677-683
4. Muratori L, Parola M, Ripalti A, et al. Liver/kidney microsomal antibody type 1 targets CYP2D6 on hepatocyte plasma membrane. Gut 2000;46:553-561
5. Ma Y, Okamoto M, Thomas MG, et al. Antibodies to conformational epitopes of soluble liver antigen define a severe form of autoimmune liver disease. Hepatology 2002;35:658-664
6. Wen L, Ma Y, Bogdanos DP, et al. Pediatric autoimmune liver diseases: the molecular basis of humoral and cellular immunity. Curr Mol Med 2001;1:379-389
7. Senaldi G, Portmann B, Mowat AP, Mieli-Vergani G, Vergani D. Immunohistochemical features of the portal tract mononuclear cell infiltrate in chronic aggressive hepatitis. Arch Dis Child 1992;67:1447-1453
8. Weaver CT, Harrington LE, Mangan PR, Gavrieli M, Murphy KM. Th17: an effector CD4 + T cell lineage with regulatory' T cell ties. Immunity 2006;24:677-688
9. Steinman L. A brief history of T(H)17, the first major revision in the T(H)1/T(H)2 hypothesis of T cell-mediated tissue damage. Nat Med 2007;13:139-145
10. Nouri-Aria KT, Donaldson PT, Hegarty JE, Eddleston AL, Williams R. HLA A1-B8-DR3 and suppressor cell function in first-degree relatives of patients with autoimmune chronic active hepatitis. J Hepatol 1985;1:235-241
11. Nouri-Aria KT, Hegarty JE, Alexander GJ, Eddleston AL, Williams R. Effect of corticosteroids on suppressor-cell activity in "autoimmune" and viral chronic active hepatitis. N Engl J Med 1982;307:1301-1304
12. Cortesini R, LeMaoult J, Ciubotariu R, Cortesini NS. CD8 + CD28- T suppressor cells and the induction of antigen-specific, antigen-presenting cell-mediated suppression of Th reactivity. Immunol Rev 2001;182:201-206
13. Vento S, Hegarty JE, Bottazzo G, Macchia E, Williams R, Eddleston AL. Antigen specific suppressor cell function in autoimmune chronic active hepatitis. Lancet 1984;1:1200-1204
14. Shevach EM, McHugh RS, Piccirillo CA, Thornton AM. Control of T cell activation by CD4 + CD25 + suppressor T cells. Immunol Rev 2001;182:58-67
15. Longhi MS, Ma Y, Bogdanos DP, Cheeseman P, Mieli-Vergani G, Vergani D. Impairment of CD4( + )CD25( + ) regulatory T cells in autoimmune liver disease. J Hepatol 2004;41:31-37
16. Longhi MS, Hussain MJ, Mitry RR, et al. Functional study of CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells in health and autoimmune hepatitis. J Immunol 2006;176:4484-4491
17. Longhi MS, Ma Y, Mitry RR, et al. Effect of CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells on CD8 T cell function in patients with autoimmune hepatitis. J Autoimmun 2005;25:63-71
18. Ma Y, Bogdanos DP, Hussain MJ, et al. Polyclonal T cell responses ro cytochrome P450IID6 are associated with disease activity in autoimmune hepatitis type 2. Gastroenterology 2006;130:868-882
19. Lobo-Yeo A, Alviggi L, Mieli-Vergani G, Portmann B, Mowat AP, Vergani D. Preferential activation of helper/inducer T lymphocytes in autoimmune chronic active hepatitis. Clin Exp Immunol 1987;67:95-104
20. Wen L, Peakman M, Lobo-Yeo A, et al. T cell-directed hepatocyte damage in autoimmune chronic active hepatitis. Lancet 1990;336:1527-1530
21. Rizzetto M, Swana G, Doniach D. Microsomal antibodies in active chronic hepatitis and other disorders. Clin Exp Immunol 1973;15:331-344
22. Alvarez F, Bernard O, Homberg JC, Kreibich G. Anti-liver-kidney microsome antibody recognizes a 50,000 molecular weight protein of the endoplasmic reticulum. J Exp Med 1985;161:1231-1236
23. Waxman DJ, Lapenson DP, Krishnan M, Bernard O, Kreibich G, Alvarez F. Antibodies to liver/kidney microsome1 in chronic active hepatitis recognize specific forms of hepatic cytochrome P-450. Gastroenterology 1988;95:1326-1331
24. Zanger UM, Hauri HP, Loeper J, Homberg JC, Meyer UA. Antibodies against human cytochrome P-450db1 in autoimmune hepatitis type 11. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1988;85:8256-8260
25. Gueguen M, Meunier-Rotival M, Bernard O, Alvarez F. Anti-liver kidney microsome antibody recognizes a cytochrome P450 from the IID subfamily. J Exp Med 1988;168:801-806
26. Manns MP, Johnson EF, Griffin KJ, Tan EM, Sullivan KF. Major antigen of liver kidney microsomal autoantibodies in idiopathic autoimmune hepatitis is cytochrome P450db1. J Clin Invest 1989;83:1066-1072
27. Manns MP, Griffin KJ, Sullivan KF, Johnson EF. LKM-1 autoantibodies recognize a short linear sequence in P450IID6, a cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase. J Clin Invest 1991 ;88:1370-1378
28. Kerkar N, Choudhuri K, Ma Y, et al. Cytochrome P4502D6(193-212): a new immunodominant epitope and target of virus/self cross-reactivity in liver kidney microsomal autoantibody type 1-positive liver disease. J Immunol 2003;170:1481-1489
29. Ma Y, Thomas MG, Okamoto M, et al. Key residues of a major cytochrome P4502D6 epitope are located on the surface of the molecule. J Immunol 2002;169:277-285
30. Peakman M, Lobo-Yeo A, Mieli-Vergani G, Davies ET, Mowat AP, Vergani D. Characterization of anti-liver kidney microsomal antibody in childhood autoimmune chronic active hepatitis: evidence for IgG1 subclass restriction, polyclonality and non cross-reactivity with hepatocyte surface antigens. Clin Exp Immunol 1987;69:543-549
31. Lohr HF, Schlaak JF, Lohse AW, et al. Autoreactive CD4 + LKM-specific and anticlonotypic T cell responses in LKM-1 antibody-positive autoimmune hepatitis. Hepatology 1996;24:1416-1421
32. Battaglia M, Gregori S, Bacchetta R, Roncarolo MG. Tr1 cells: from discovery to their clinical application. Semin Immunol 2006;18:120-127
33. Lohr H, Manns M, Kyriatsoulis A, et al. Clonal analysis of liver-infiltrating T cells in patients with LKM-1 antibody-positive autoimmune chronic active hepatitis. Clin Exp Immunol 1991;84:297-302
34. Longhi MS, Hussain MJ, Bogdanos DP, et al. Cytochrome P450IID6-specific effector CD8 T cell immune responses mirror disease activity in autoimmune hepatitis type 2. Hepatology 2007. In press
35. Matsumura S, Kita H, He XS, et al. Comprehensive mapping of HLA-A0201-restricted CD8 T cell epitopes on PDC-E2 in primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology 2002;36:1125-1134
36. Reijonen H, Elliott JF, van Endert P, Nepom G. Differential presentation of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) T cell epitopes among HLA-DRB1*0401-positive individuals. J Immunol 1999;163:1674-1681
37. Trotter JL, Pelfrey CM, Trotter AL, et al. T cell recognition of myelin proteolipid protein and myelin proteolipid protein peptides in the peripheral blood of multiple sclerosis and control subjects. J Neuroimmunol 1998;84:172-178
38. Kita H, Matsumura S, He XS, et al. Quantitative and functional analysis of PDC-E2-specific autoreactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes in primary biliary cirrhosis. J Clin Invest 2002;109:1231-1240
39. Roth E, Pircher H. IFN-gamma promotes Fas ligand- and perforin-mediated liver cell destruction by cytotoxic CD8 T cells. J Immunol 2004;172:1588-1594
40. Guy CS, Wang J, Michalak TI. Hepatocytes as cytotoxic effector cells can induce cell death by CD95 ligand-mediated pathway. Hepatology 2006;43:1231-1240
41. Ando K, Moriyama T, Guidotti LG, et al. Mechanisms of class I restricted immunopathology: a transgenic mouse model of fulminant hepatitis. J Exp Med 1993;178:1541-1554
42. Vergani D. LKM antibody: getting in some target practice. Gut 2000;46:449-450
43. Pileri P, Uematsu Y, Campagnoli S, et al. Binding of hepatitis C virus to CD81. Science 1998;282:938-941
44. Levy S, Shoham T. The tetraspanin web modulates immune-signalling complexes. Nat Rev Immunol 2005;5:136-148
45. Rosa D, Saletti G, De Gregorio E, et al. Activation of naive B lymphocytes via CD81, a pathogenetic mechanism for hepatitis C virus-associated B lymphocyte disorders. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005;102:18544-18549
46. Pal S, Sullivan DG, Kim S, et al. Productive replication of hepatitis C virus in perihepatic lymph nodes in vivo: implications of HCV lymphotropism. Gastroenterology 2006;130:1107-1116
47. Dickson RC. Clinical manifestations of hepatitis C. Clin Liver Dis 1997;1:569-585
48. Bellentani S, Tiribelli C, Saccoccio G, et al. Prevalence of chronic liver disease in the general population of northern Italy: the Dionysos Study. Hepatology 1994;20:1442-1449
49. Lenzi M, Bellentani S, Saccoccio G, et al. Prevalence of non-organ-specific autoantibodies and chronic liver disease in the general population: a nested case-control study of the Dionysos cohort. Gut 1999;45:435-441
50. Giostra F, Manzin A, Lenzi M, et al. Low hepatitis C viremia levels in patients with anti-liver/kidney microsomal antibody type 1 positive chronic hepatitis. J Hepatol 1996;25:433-438
51. Muratori L, Lenzi M, Cataleta M, et al. Interferon therapy in liver/kidney microsomal antibody type 1-positive patients with chronic hepatitis C. J Hepatol 1994;21:199-203
52. Todros L, Saracco G, Durazzo M, et al. Efficacy and safety of interferon alfa therapy in chronic hepatitis C with autoantibodies to liver-kidney microsomes. Hepatology 1995;22:1374-1378
53. Muratori P, Czaja AJ, Muratori L, et al. Evidence of a genetic basis for the different geographic occurrences of liver/kidney microsomal antibody type 1 in hepatitis C. Dig Dis Sci 2007;52:179-184
54. Bogdanos DP, Lenzi M, Okamoto M, et al. Multiple viral/self immunological cross-reactivity in liver kidney microsomal antibody positive hepatitis C virus infected patients is associated with the possession of HLA b51. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2004;17:83-92
55. Muratori L, Bogdanos DP, Muratori P, et al. Susceptibility to thyroid disorders in hepatitis C. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2005;3:595-603
56. Kerkar N, Hadzic N, Davies ET, et al. De-novo autoimmune hepatitis after liver transplantation. Lancet 1998;351:409-413
57. Andries S, Casamayou L, Sempoux C, et al. Posttransplant immune hepatitis in pediatric liver transplant recipients: incidence and maintenance therapy with azathioprine. Transplantation 2001;72:267-272
58. Gupta P, Hart J, Millis JM, Cronin D, Brady L. De novo hepatitis with autoimmune antibodies and atypical histology: a rare cause of late graft dysfunction after pediatric liver transplantation. Transplantation 2001;71:664-668
59. Heneghan MA, Portmann BC, Norris SM, et al. Graft dysfunction mimicking autoimmune hepatitis following liver transplantation in adults. Hepatology 2001;34:464-470
60. Hernandez HM, Kovarik P, Whitington PF, Alonso EM. Autoimmune hepatitis as a late complication of liver transplantation. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2001;32:131-136
61. Spada M, Bertani A, Sonzogni A, et al. A cause of late graft dysfunction after liver transplantation in children: de-novo autoimmune hepatitis. Transplant Proc 2001;33:1747-1748
62. Dunn MJ, Crisp SJ, Rose ML, Taylor PM, Yacoub MH. Anti-endothelial antibodies and coronary artery disease after cardiac transplantation. Lancet 1992;339:1566-1570
63. Dunn MJ, Rose ML, Latif N, et al. Demonstration by western blotting of antiheart antibodies before and after cardiac transplantation. Transplantation 1991;51:806-812
64. Joyce S, Mathew JM, Flye MW, Mohanakumar T. A polymorphic human kidney-specific non-MHC alloantigen: its possible role in tissue-specific allograft immunity. Transplantation 1992;53:1119-1127
65. Dubel L, Farges O, Sato Y, Bismuth H. Development of anti-tissue antibodies in the rat liver transplant model. Transplantation 1998;65:1135-1137
66. Fedoseyeva EV, Tam RC, Popov IA, Orr PL, Garovoy MR, Benichou G. Induction of T cell responses to a self-antigen following allotransplantation. Transplantation 1996;61:679-683
67. Fedoseyeva EV, Zhang F, Orr PL, Levin D, Buncke HJ, Benichou G. De novo autoimmunity to cardiac myosin after heart transplantation and its contribution to the rejection process. J Immunol 1999;162:6836-6842
68. Dubel L, Farges O, Johanet C, Sebagh M, Bismuth H. High incidence of antitissue antibodies in patients experiencing chronic liver allograft rejection. Transplantation 1998;65:1072-1075
69. Salcedo M, Pons JA, Sousa JM, et al. De novo autoimmune hepatitis after liver transplantation. J Hepatol 2001;34:49 (Abstract)
70. Evans HM, Kelly DA, McKiernan PJ, Hubscher S. Progressive histological damage in liver allografts following pediatric liver transplantation. Hepatology 2006;43:1109-1117
71. Salcedo M, Vaquero J, Banares R, et al. Response to steroids in de novo autoimmune hepatitis after liver transplantation. Hepatology 2002;35:349-356
72. Bogdanos DP, Choudhuri K, Vergani D. Molecular mimicry and autoimmune liver disease: virtuous intentions, malign consequences. Liver 2001;21:225-232
73. Gao EK, Lo D, Cheney R, Kanagawa O, Sprent J. Abnormal differentiation of thymocytes in mice treated with cyclosporin A. Nature 1988;336:176-179
74. Bucy RP, Xu XY, Li J, Huang G. Cyclosporin A-induced autoimmune disease in mice. J Immunol 1993;151:1039-1050
75. Wu DY, Goldschneider I. Cyclosporin A-induced autologous graft-versus-host disease: a prototypical model of autoimmunity and active (dominant) tolerance coordinately induced by recent thymic emigrants. J Immunol 1999;162:6926-6933
76. Damoiseaux JG, Beijleveld LJ, van Breda Vriesman PJ. Multiple effects of cyclosporin A on the thymus in relation to T cell development and autoimmunity. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1997;82:197-202
77. Sakaguchi S, Sakaguchi N. Role of genetic factors in organ-specific autoimmune diseases induced by manipulating the thymus or T cells, and not self-antigens. Rev Immunogenet 2000;2:147-153
78. Aguilera I, Wichmann I, Sousa JM, et al. Antibodies against glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1) in patients with de novo immune hepatitis following liver transplantation. Clin Exp Immunol 2001;126:535-539
79. Aguilera I, Sousa JM, Gavilan F, Bernardos A, Wichmann I, Nunez-Roldan A. Glutathione S-transferase T1 mismatch constitutes a risk factor for de novo immune hepatitis after liver transplantation. Liver Transpl 2004;10:1166-1172
80. Aguilera I, Wichmann I, Gentil MA, Gonzalez-Escribano F, Nunez-Roldan A. Alloimmune response against donor glutathione S-transferase T1 antigen in renal transplant recipients. Am J Kidney Dis 2005;46:345-350