Toxic and genotoxic impact of fibrates and their photoproducts on non-target organisms

Environment International

Volumn 33, Issue 5, 2007, Pages 635-641

  Isidori, Marina ^a   Nardelli, Angela ^a   Pascarella, Luigia ^a   Rubino, Maria ^b   Parrella, Alfredo ^a  

^a SECOND UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES FEDERICO II   (Italy)

Author keywords

Fibrates; Genotoxicity; Mutagenesis; Risk assessment; Toxicity testing

Indexed keywords

ALGAE; BACTERIA; BIOASSAY; DERIVATIVES; SEWAGE TREATMENT; SIMULATORS; SURFACE WATERS; TOXIC MATERIALS;

AMES TEST; LIPID REGULATING AGENTS; ROTIFERS; SOLAR SIMULATOR IRRADIATION;

MARINE BIOLOGY;

BEZAFIBRATE; FENOFIBRATE; FIBRIC ACID DERIVATIVE; GEMFIBROZIL;

BIOASSAY; CHEMICAL POLLUTANT; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP; DRUG; ECOTOXICOLOGY; GENOTOXICITY; LIPID; MUTAGENICITY; NONTARGET ORGANISM; POLLUTION EFFECT; POLLUTION EXPOSURE; RISK ASSESSMENT; TOXICITY TEST;

ALGA; AMES TEST; ARTICLE; BACTERIUM; BIOASSAY; CRUSTACEA; GENOTOXICITY; IRRADIATION; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; ROTIFERA; SOS CHROMOTEST;

ALGAE; CRUSTACEA; ROTIFERA;

EID: 34248639066     PISSN: 01604120     EISSN: 18736750     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2007.01.006     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Andreozzi R., Marotta R., and Paxéus N. Pharmaceuticals in STP effluents and their solar photodegradation in aquatic environment. Chemosphere 50 (2003) 1319-1330
2. APHA (American Public Health Association). Standard Methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 20th Edition. 8030 B Salmonella Microsomal Mutagenicity Test Washington, DC (1998)
3. ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials). Standard guide for acute toxicity with the rotifer Brachionus. E 1440-91, Philadelphia PA USA (1991)
4. Boree A.N., Arnold W.A., and McNeill K. Photodegradation of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment: a review. Aquat Sci 65 (2003) 320-341
5. Boyd G.R., Reemtsma H., Grimm D.A., and Mitra S. Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in surface and treated waters of Louisiana, USA and Ontario, Canada. Sci Total Environ 311 (2003) 135-149
6. Bulich A.A. Use of luminescent bacteria for determining toxicity in aquatic environments. In: Marking L.L., and Kimerle R.A. (Eds). Aquatic toxicology: second conference, ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials); STP 667 (1979), Philadelphia PA, USA 98-106
7. Buser H.-R., Muller M.D., and Theobald N. Occurrence of the pharmaceutical drug clofibric acid and the herbicide mecoprop in various Swiss lakes in the North Sea. Environ Sci Technol 32 (1998) 188-192
8. Calamari D., Zuccato E., Castiglioni S., Bagnati R., and Fanelli R. Strategic survey of therapeutic drugs in the rivers Po and Lambro in Northern Italy. Environ Sci Technol 37 (2003) 1241-1248
9. Canudas N., Vargas F., and Miranda M. Photodegradation of bezafibrate in aqueous media. Studies of its in vitro phototoxicity. Arzneim-Forsch/Drug Res 46(II) 7 (1996) 694-69
10. Castiglioni S., Fanelli R., Calamari D., Bagnati R., and Zuccato E. Methodological approaches for studying pharmaceuticals in the environment by comparing predicted and measured concentrations in River Po, Italy. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 39 (2004) 25-32
11. Cermola M., DellaGreca M., Iesce M.R., Previtera L., Rubino M., Temussi F., et al. Phototransformation of fibrate drugs in aqueous media. Environ Chem Lett 3 1 (2005) 43-47
12. Emblidge J.P., and DeLorenzo M.E. Preliminary risk assessment of the lipid-regulating pharmaceutical clofibric acid, for three estuarine species. Environ Res 100 (2006) 216-226
13. EMEA. Guideline on the environmental risk assessment of medicinal products for human use. CHMP/SWP/4447/00, european agency for the evaluation of medicinal products (2006)
14. Giuliani F., Koller T., Würgler F.E., and Widmer R.M. Detection of genotoxic activity in native hospital wastewater by the umuC test. Mutat Res 368 (1996) 46-57
15. Heberer T. Occurrence, fate, and removal of pharmaceutical residues in the aquatic environment: a review of recent research data. Toxicol Lett 131 (2002) 5-17
16. Helma C., Mersch-Sundermann V., Houk V.S., Kassie F., Schulte-Hermann R., and Knasmüller S. Comparative evaluation of four bacterial assays for the detection of genotoxic effects in water samples. Environ Sci Technol 30 (1996) 897-907
17. Hirsch R., Ternes T., Haberer K., and Kratz K.L. Occurrence of antibiotics in the aquatic environment. Sci Total Environ 225 (1999) 109-118
18. Hofnung M., and Quillardet P. Recent developments in bacterial short-term tests for detection of genotoxic agents. Mutagenesis 1 (1986) 319-330
19. Isidori M., Lavorgna M., Nardelli A., Pascarella L., and Parrella A. Toxic and genotoxic evaluation of six antibiotics on non-target organisms. Sci Total Environ 346 (2005) 87-98
20. Isidori M., Lavorgna M., Nardelli A., Parrella A., Previtera L., and Rubino M. Ecotoxicity of naproxen and its phototransformation products. Sci Total Environ 348 1-3 (2005) 93-101
21. Isidori M., Nardelli A., Parrella A., Pascarella L., and Previtera L. A multispecies study to assess the toxic and genotoxic effect of pharmaceuticals: furosemide and its photoproduct. Chemosphere 63 (2006) 785-793
22. ISO. Water quality-algal growth inhibition test. ISO/DIS 8692 (1989), International Organization for Standardization, Geneva Switzerland
23. ISO. Water quality-determination of the inhibition of the mobility of Daphnia magna straus (Cladocera, Crustacea)-acute toxicity test. ISO/6341 (1996), International Organization for Standardization, Geneva Switzerland
24. ISO. Water quality-determination of chronic toxicity to Ceriodaphnia dubia in 7 days-population growth inhibition test. ISO/CD 20665 (2001), International Organization for Standardization, Geneva Switzerland
25. ISO. Water quality-determination of chronic toxicity to Brachionus calyciflorus in 48 h-population growth inhibition test. ISO/CD 20666 (2001), International Organization for Standardization, Geneva Switzerland
26. Jolibois B., Guerbet M., and Vassal S. Detection of hospital wastewater genotoxicity with the SOS Chromotest and Ames fluctuation test. Chemosphere 51 (2003) 539-543
27. Kolpin D.W., Furlong E.T., Meyer M.T., Thurman E.M., Zaugg S.D., Barber L.B., et al. Pharmaceuticals, hormones and other organic wastewater contaminants in US streams, 1999-2000: a national reconnaissance. Environ Sci Technol 36 (2002) 1202-1211
28. Koutsouba V., Heberer T., Fuhrmann B., Schmidt-Baumler K., Tsipi D., and Hiskia A. Determination of polar pharmaceuticals in sewage water of Greece by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Chemosphere 51 (2003) 69-75
29. Kummerer K., al-Ahmad A., and Mersch-Sundermann V. Biodegradability of some antibiotics, elimination of the genotoxicity and affection of wastewater bacteria in a simple test. Chemosphere 40 7 (2000) 701-710
30. Maron D.M., and Ames B.N. Revised methods for the Salmonella mutagenicity test. Mutat Res 113 (1983) 173-215
31. Metcalfe C.D., Koenig B.G., Bennie D.T., Servos M., Ternes T.A., and Hirsch R. Occurrence of neutral and acid drugs in the effluents of Canadian sewage treatment plants. Environ Toxicol Chem 22 12 (2003) 2872-2880
32. Microtox Manual. Acute toxicity basic test procedures (1995), Microbics Corporation, Carlsbad CA USA
33. Nunes B., Carvalho F., and Guilhermino L. Effects of widely used pharmaceuticals and a detergent on oxidative stress biomarkers of the crustacean Artemia parthenogenetica. Chemosphere 62 (2006) 581-594
34. Quillardet P., and Hofnung M. The SOS Chromotest, a colorimetric bacterial assay for genotoxins: procedures. Mutat Res 147 (1985) 65-78
35. Quillardet P., and Hofnung M. The SOS chromotest: a review. Mutat Res 297 (1993) 235-279
36. Sallustio B.C., Harkin L.A., Mann M.C., Krivickas S.J., and Burcham P.C. Genotoxicity of acyl glucuronide metabolites formed from clofibric acid and gemfibrozil: a novel role for phase II mediated bioactivation in the hepatocarcinogenicity of the parent aglycones?. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 147 (1997) 459-464
37. Studer M., Briel M., Leimenstoll B., Glass T.R., and Bucher H.C. Effect of different antilipidemic agents and diets on mortality. A systematic review. Arch Int Med 165 (2005) 725-730
38. Stumpf M., Ternes T.A., Wilken R.D., Roodrigues S.V., and Baumannn W. Polar drug residues in sewage and natural waters in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Sci Total Environ 225 (1999) 135-141
39. Ternes T.A. Occurrence of drugs in German sewage treatments plants and rivers. Water Res 32 (1998) 3245-3260
40. Tixier C., Singer H.P., Oellers S., and Müller S.R. Occurrence and fate of carbamazepine, ibuprofen, ketoprofen and naproxen in surface waters. Environ Sci Technol 37 6 (2003) 1061-1068
41. Toxicity Data Analysis and Database Software (Toxcalc™), (vers. 5.0)m. Tidepool Scientific Software and Michael A Ives, Mckinleyville CA USA, 1996.
42. U.S. EPA. Interim Procedures for conducting the Salmonella/Microsomal Mutagenicity Assay (Ames Test). EPA-600-4-82-068 (1983), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC
43. U.S. EPA. Methods for measuring the acute toxicity of effluents to freshwater and marine organisms. EPA-600/4-85-013 (1985), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC
44. U.S. EPA. Methods for measuring the acute toxicity of effluents and receiving waters to freshwater and marine organisms. 4th ed. EPA-600-4-90-027F (1993), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC
45. Weigel S., Kuhlmann J., and Huhnerfuss H. Drugs and personal care products as ubiquitous pollutants: occurrence and distribution of clofibric acid, caffeine and DEET in the North Sea. Sci Total Environ 295 (2002) 131-141
46. Zuccato E., Calamari D., Natangelo M., and Fanelli R. Presence of therapeutic drugs in the environment. Lancet 335 (2000) 1789-1790
47. Zuccato E., Castiglioni S., and Fanelli R. Identification of the pharmaceuticals for human use contaminating the Italian aquatic environment. J Hazard Mater 122 (2005) 205-209
48. Zuccato E., Castiglioni S., Fanelli R., Reitano G., Bagnati R., Chiabrando C., et al. Pharmaceuticals in the environment in Italy: causes, occurrence, effects and control. ESPR-Environ Sci Pollut Res Int (OnlineFirst) (2006) 1-8