Comparative changes in the blood-brain barrier and cerebral infarction of SHR and WKY rats

American Journal of Physiology - Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology

Volumn 292, Issue 5, 2007, Pages

  Hom, Sharon ^a   Fleegal, Melissa A ^a   Egleton, Richard D ^a   Campos, Christopher R ^a   Hawkins, Brian T ^a   Davis, Thomas P ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Hypertension; Ion transport; Middle cerebral artery occlusion; Na+ H+ exchanger; Tight junction

Indexed keywords

5 (N,N DIMETHYL)AMILORIDE; ACTIN; CARRIER PROTEIN; CLAUDIN 5; OCCLUDIN; PROTEIN ZO1; SODIUM POTASSIUM CHLORIDE COTRANSPORTER; SODIUM PROTON EXCHANGE PROTEIN 1;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER; BODY WEIGHT; BRAIN CIRCULATION; BRAIN EDEMA; BRAIN INFARCTION; BRAIN INFARCTION SIZE; BRAIN WEIGHT; CHANNEL GATING; CONTROLLED STUDY; ION TRANSPORT; MALE; MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE; MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY OCCLUSION; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; RAT; SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE RAT; TIGHT JUNCTION; WESTERN BLOTTING;

AGING; ANIMALS; BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBRAL INFARCTION; HYPERTENSION; RATS; RATS, INBRED SHR; RATS, INBRED WKY; SODIUM-HYDROGEN ANTIPORTER;

EID: 34248176234     PISSN: 03636119     EISSN: 15221490     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00761.2005     Document Type: Article

References (70)

1. Akopov S, Cohen SN. Preventing stroke: a review of current guidelines. J Am Med Dir Assoc 4: S127-S132, 2003.
2. + exchanger during ischemia and reperfusion. Cardiovasc Res 57: 934-941, 2003.
3. Amiry-Moghaddam M, Otsuka T, Hurn PD, Traystman RJ, Haug FM, Froehner SC, Adams ME, Neely JD, Agre P, Ottersen OP, Bhardwaj A. An α-syntrophin-dependent pool of AQP4 in astroglial end-feet confers bidirectional water flow between blood and brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100: 2106-2111, 2003.
4. Anderson JM, Fanning AS, Lapierre L, Van Itallie CM. Zonula occludens (ZO)-1 and ZO-2: membrane-associated guanylate kinase homologues (MAGuKs) of the tight junction. Biochem Soc Trans 23: 470-475, 1995.
5. Ayata C, Ropper AH. Ischaemic brain oedema. J Clin Neurosci 9: 113-124, 2002.
6. Ballabh P, Braun A, Nedergaard M. The blood-brain barrier: an overview: structure, regulation, and clinical implications. Neurobiol Dis 16: 1-13, 2004.
7. Barone FC, Price WJ, White RF, Willette RN, Feuerstein GZ. Genetic hypertension and increased susceptibility to cerebral ischemia. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 16: 219-233, 1992.
8. Betanzos A, Huerta M, Lopez-Bayghen E, Azuara E, Amerena J, Gonzalez-Mariscal L. The tight junction protein ZO-2 associates with Jun, Fos and C/EBP transcription factors in epithelial cells. Exp Cell Res 292: 51-66, 2004.
9. Betz AL. Sodium transport in capillaries isolated from rat brain. J Neurochem 41: 1150-1157, 1983.
10. Betz AL, Firth JA, Goldstein GW. Polarity of the blood-brain barrier: distribution of enzymes between the luminal and antiluminal membranes of brain capillary endothelial cells. Brain Res 192: 17-28, 1980.
11. Betz AL, Keep RF, Beer ME, Ren XD. Blood-brain barrier permeability and brain concentration of sodium, potassium, and chloride during focal ischemia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 14: 29-37, 1994.
12. Brown RC, Davis TP. Hypoxia/aglycemia alters expression of occludin and actin in brain endothelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 327: 1114-1123, 2005.
13. Caplan LR. Caplan's Stroke: A Clinical Approach. Boston, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2000.
14. Cornford EM, Hyman S. Localization of brain endothelial luminal and abluminal transporters with immunogold electron microscopy. Neuro Rx 2: 27-43, 2005.
15. Coyle P. Different susceptibilities to cerebral infarction in spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and normotensive Sprague-Dawley rats. Stroke 17: 520-525, 1986.
16. + antiport activity, isoform expression, and localization in endothelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 275: L442-L451, 1998.
17. Duverger D, MacKenzie ET. The quantification of cerebral infarction following focal ischemia in the rat: influence of strain, arterial pressure, blood glucose concentration, and age. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 8: 449-461, 1988.
18. Ennis SR, Ren XD, Betz AL. Mechanisms of sodium transport at the blood-brain barrier studied with in situ perfusion of rat brain. J Neurochem 66: 756-763, 1996.
19. Fanning AS, Mitic LL, Anderson JM. Transmembrane proteins in the tight junction barrier. J Am Soc Nephrol 10: 1337-1345, 1999.
20. Fischer S, Wiesnet M, Marti HH, Renz D, Schaper W. Simultaneous activation of several second messengers in hypoxia-induced hyperpermeability of brain derived endothelial cells. J Cell Physiol 198: 359-369, 2004.
21. Fleegal MA, Hom S, Davis TP. Molecular modulation of the blood-brain barrier during stroke. In: The Blood-Brain Barrier And Its Microenvironment: Basic Physiology to Neurological Disease, edited by Vries ED and Prat A. New York: Marcel Dekker, 2005, p. 385-405.
22. Furuse M, Sasaki H, Tsukita S. Manner of interaction of heterogeneous claudin species within and between tight junction strands. J Cell Biol 147: 891-903, 1999.
23. Gloor SM, Wachtel M, Bolliger MF, Ishihara H, Landmann R, Frei K. Molecular and cellular permeability control at the blood-brain barrier. Brain Res Brain Res Rev 36: 258-264, 2001.
24. Go KG. The normal and pathological physiology of brain water. Adv Tech Stand Neurosurg 23: 47-142, 1997.
25. Grabowski M, Nordborg C, Brundin P, Johansson BB. Middle cerebral artery occlusion in the hypertensive and normotensive rat: a study of histopathology and behaviour. J Hypertens 6: 405-411, 1988.
26. Haskins J, Gu L, Wittchen ES, Hibbard J, Stevenson BR. ZO-3, a novel member of the MAGUK protein family found at the tight junction, interacts with ZO-1 and occludin. J Cell Biol 141: 199-208, 1998.
27. Hawkins BT, Abbruscato TJ, Egleton RD, Brown RC, Huber JD, Campos CR, Davis TP. Nicotine increases in vivo blood-brain barrier permeability and alters cerebral microvascular tight junction protein distribution. Brain Res 1027: 48-58, 2004.
28. Hawkins BT, Davis TP. The blood-brain barrier/neurovascular unit in health and disease. Pharmacol Rev 57: 173-185, 2005.
29. Hirase T, Staddon JM, Saitou M, Ando-Akatsuka Y, Itoh M, Furuse M, Fujimoto K, Tsukita S, Rubin LL. Occludin as a possible determinant of tight junction permeability in endothelial cells. J Cell Sci 110: 1603-1613, 1997.
30. + exchanger SM-20220 attenuates ischemic injury in in vitro and in vivo models. Pharmacology 63: 76-81, 2001.
31. Huber JD, Egleton RD, Davis TP. Molecular physiology and pathophysiology of tight junctions in the blood-brain barrier. Trends Neurosci 24: 719-725, 2001.
32. Islas S, Vega J, Ponce L, Gonzalez-Mariscal L. Nuclear localization of the tight junction protein ZO-2 in epithelial cells. Exp Cell Res 274: 138-148, 2002.
33. Itoh H, Nakao K. Vascular stress response and endothelial vasoactive factors for vascular remodelling. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 45: 83-88, 1999.
34. Kannel WB, Wolf PA, Verter J, McNamara PM. Epidemiologic assessment of the role of blood pressure in stroke. The Framingham study. JAMA 214: 301-310, 1970.
35. Karmazyn M. The role of the myocardial sodium-hydrogen exchanger in mediating ischemic and reperfusion injury. From amiloride to cariporide. Ann NY Acad Sci 874: 326-334, 1999.
36. - cotransport system in brain capillary endothelial cells: response to endothelin and hypoxia. Neurochem Res 21: 1259-1266, 1996.
37. + exchanger isoforms 1 and 3 in kidney proximal tubules of hypertensive rats. Circ Res 80: 853-860, 1997.
38. Kimelberg HK. Current concepts of brain edema. Review of laboratory investigations. J Neurosurg 83: 1051-1059, 1995.
39. + exchange activity in response to in vitro ischemia in part depends on activation of ERK1/2. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 289: C934-C945, 2005.
40. + exchanger reduces infarct volume of focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Brain Res 922: 223-228, 2001.
41. Klatzo I. Pathophysiological aspects of brain edema. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 72: 236-239, 1987.
42. Kniesel U, Wolburg H. Tight junctions of the blood-brain barrier. Cell Mol Neurobiol 20: 57-76, 2000.
43. + exchanger regulatory protein family in genetically hypertensive rats. J Hypertens 22: 1723-1730, 2004.
44. Li C, Engstrom G, Hedblad B, Berglund G, Janzon L. Blood pressure control and risk of stroke: a population-based prospective cohort study. Stroke 36: 725-730, 2005.
45. Lippoldt A, Kniesel U, Liebner S, Kalbacher H, Kirsch T, Wolburg H, Haller H. Structural alterations of tight junctions are associated with loss of polarity in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat blood-brain barrier endothelial cells. Brain Res 885: 251-261, 2000.
46. Liu XF, van Melle G, Bogousslavsky J. Analysis of risk factors in 3901 patients with stroke. Chin Med Sci J 20: 35-39, 2005.
47. Lo EH, Broderick JP, Moskowitz MA. tPA and proteolysis in the neurovascular unit. Stroke 35: 354-356, 2004.
48. + exchanger isoform 1-null mice after in vitro and in vivo ischemia. J Neurosci 25: 11256-11268, 2005.
49. + exchanger isoform 1 attenuates mitochondrial cytochrome c release in cortical neurons following in vitro ischemia. Acta Neurochir Suppl (Wien) 96: 244-248, 2006.
50. Mark KS, Davis TP. Cerebral microvascular changes in permeability and tight junctions induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 282: H1485-H1494, 2002.
51. + exchanger inhibitor, SM-20220, is protective against excitotoxicity in cultured cortical neurons. Stroke 35: 185-190, 2004.
52. Menzies SA, Betz AL, Hoff JT. Contributions of ions and albumin to the formation and resolution of ischemic brain edema. J Neurosurg 78: 257-266, 1993.
53. 1 receptor- and [Ca]-dependent. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 289: C283-C292, 2005.
54. O'Donnell ME, Tran L, Lam TI, Liu XB, Anderson SE. Bumetanide inhibition of the blood-brain barrier Na-K-Cl cotransporter reduces edema formation in the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion model of stroke. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 24: 1046-1056, 2004.
55. + exchanger isoform 1 activity in spontaneously hypertensive rats: lack of mutations within the coding region of NHE1. Biochim Biophys Acta 1500: 169-180, 2000.
56. Orlov SN, Adragna NC, Adarichev VA, Hamet P. Genetic and biochemical determinants of abnormal monovalent ion transport in primary hypertension. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 276: C511-C536, 1999.
57. Paxinos G, Watson C. The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates. New York: Academic, 1998.
58. - cotransport in the heart, brain, and blood. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 291: R1-R25, 2006.
59. Rosenberg GA. Ischemic brain edema. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 42: 209-216, 1999.
60. Ruehl ML, Orozco JA, Stoker MB, McDonagh PF, Coull BM, Ritter LS. Protective effects of inhibiting both blood and vascular selectins after stroke and reperfusion. Neurol Res 24: 226-232, 2002.
61. Sacco SE, Whisnant JP, Broderick JP, Phillips SJ, O'Fallon WM. Epidemiological characteristics of lacunar infarcts in a population. Stroke 22: 1236-1241, 1991.
62. Siffert W, Dusing R. Sodium-proton exchange and primary hypertension. An update. Hypertension 26: 649-655, 1995.
63. Slivka A, Murphy E, Horrocks L. Cerebral edema after temporary and permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat. Stroke 26: 1061-1066, 1995.
64. Stokes J 3rd, Kannel WB, Wolf PA, D'Agostino RB, Cupples LA. Blood pressure as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The Framingham Study-30 years of follow-up. Hypertension 13, Suppl 5: I13-I18, 1989.
65. Swanson RA, Morton MT, Tsao-Wu G, Savalos RA, Davidson C, Sharp FR. A semiautomated method for measuring brain infarct volume. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 10: 290-293, 1990.
66. Vizuete ML, Venero JL, Vargas C, Ilundain AA, Echevarria M, Machado A, Cano J. Differential upregulation of aquaporin-4 mRNA expression in reactive astrocytes after brain injury: potential role in brain edema. Neurobiol Dis 6: 245-258, 1999.
67. Vornov JJ, Thomas AG, Jo D. Protective effects of extracellular acidosis and blockade of sodium/hydrogen ion exchange during recovery from metabolic inhibition in neuronal tissue culture. J Neurochem 67: 2379-2389, 1996.
68. Witt KA, Mark KS, Hom S, Davis TP. Effects of hypoxia- reoxygenation on rat blood-brain barrier permeability and tight junctional protein expression. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 285: H2820-H2831, 2003.
69. Zea Longa E, Weinstein PR, Carlson S, Cummins R. Reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion without craniectomy in rats. Stroke 20: 84-91, 1989.
70. Zemke D, Smith JL, Reeves MJ, Majid A. Ischemia and ischemic tolerance in the brain: an overview. Neurotoxicology 25: 895-904, 2004.