메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 70, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 440-449

Microbiological characterization of imported and domestic boneless beef trim used for ground beef

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); CAMPYLOBACTER; ENTEROBACTERIACEAE; ESCHERICHIA COLI; LISTERIA; LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES; SALMONELLA; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS;

EID: 33847187393     PISSN: 0362028X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4315/0362-028X-70.2.440     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (61)

References (55)
  • 1
    • 0034120248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How does Escherichia coli O157:H7 testing in meat compare with what we are seeing clinically?
    • Acheson, D. W. 2000. How does Escherichia coli O157:H7 testing in meat compare with what we are seeing clinically? J. Food Prot. 63:819-821.
    • (2000) J. Food Prot , vol.63 , pp. 819-821
    • Acheson, D.W.1
  • 3
    • 0000284645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Salmonella
    • chap. 5, manual, 8th ed, rev. A. Available at:, Accessed 6 January 2006
    • Andrews, W. H., and T. S. Hammack. 1998. Salmonella, chap. 5. In Bacteriological analytical manual, 8th ed., rev. A. Available at: http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~ebam/bam-toc.html. Accessed 6 January 2006.
    • (1998) Bacteriological analytical
    • Andrews, W.H.1    Hammack, T.S.2
  • 4
    • 85039196020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anonymous. 2005. Non-human Salmonella isolates, 2004. Public Health Surveillance Report. Available at: http://www.surv.esr.cri.nz/ enteric_reference/nonhuman_salmonella.php?we_objected=579. Accessed 6 January 2006.
    • Anonymous. 2005. Non-human Salmonella isolates, 2004. Public Health Surveillance Report. Available at: http://www.surv.esr.cri.nz/ enteric_reference/nonhuman_salmonella.php?we_objected=579. Accessed 6 January 2006.
  • 5
    • 85039233697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Notifiable and other diseases in New Zealand
    • Anonymous, Annual report, Available at:, Accessed 6 January, 2006
    • Anonymous. 2005. Notifiable and other diseases in New Zealand. Annual report 2004. Available at: http://www.surv.esr.cri.nz/PDF_surveillance/ AnnSurvRpt/2004AnnualSurvRpt.pdf. Accessed 6 January 2006.
    • (2004)
  • 6
    • 0036795928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and characterization of non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli on carcasses in commercial beef cattle processing plants
    • Arthur, T. M., G. A. Barkocy-Gallagher, M. Rivera-Betancourt, and M. Koohmaraie. 2002. Prevalence and characterization of non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli on carcasses in commercial beef cattle processing plants. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68:4847-4852.
    • (2002) Appl. Environ. Microbiol , vol.68 , pp. 4847-4852
    • Arthur, T.M.1    Barkocy-Gallagher, G.A.2    Rivera-Betancourt, M.3    Koohmaraie, M.4
  • 7
    • 0242544071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, including O157:H7 and non-O157 serotypes, and Salmonella in commercial beef processing plants
    • Barkocy-Gallagher, G. A., T. M. Arthur, M. Rivera-Betancourt, X. Nou, S. D. Shackelford, T. L. Wheeler, and M. Koohmaraie. 2003. Seasonal prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, including O157:H7 and non-O157 serotypes, and Salmonella in commercial beef processing plants. J. Food Prot. 66:1978-1986.
    • (2003) J. Food Prot , vol.66 , pp. 1978-1986
    • Barkocy-Gallagher, G.A.1    Arthur, T.M.2    Rivera-Betancourt, M.3    Nou, X.4    Shackelford, S.D.5    Wheeler, T.L.6    Koohmaraie, M.7
  • 8
    • 0036801398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of methods for the recovery of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella from beef carcass sponge samples and bovine fecal and hide samples
    • Barkocy-Gallagher, G. A., E. D. Berry, M. Rivera-Betancourt, T. M. Arthur, X. Nou, and M. Koohmaraie. 2002. Development of methods for the recovery of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella from beef carcass sponge samples and bovine fecal and hide samples. J. Food Prot. 65:1527-1534.
    • (2002) J. Food Prot , vol.65 , pp. 1527-1534
    • Barkocy-Gallagher, G.A.1    Berry, E.D.2    Rivera-Betancourt, M.3    Arthur, T.M.4    Nou, X.5    Koohmaraie, M.6
  • 9
    • 79951981087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serodiagnosis of Listeria monocytogenes
    • chap. 11, manual, 8th ed, rev. A. Available at:, Accessed 6 January 2006
    • Bennett, R. W., and R. E. Weaver. 1998. Serodiagnosis of Listeria monocytogenes, chap. 11. In Bacteriological analytical manual, 8th ed., rev. A. Available at: http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~ebam/bam-toc. html. Accessed 6 January 2006.
    • (1998) Bacteriological analytical
    • Bennett, R.W.1    Weaver, R.E.2
  • 10
    • 0346500427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of antibiotic susceptibility patterns and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to compare historic and contemporary isolates of multi-drug-resistant Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Newport
    • Berge, A. C., J. M. Adaska, and W. M. Sischo. 2004. Use of antibiotic susceptibility patterns and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to compare historic and contemporary isolates of multi-drug-resistant Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Newport. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 70:318-323.
    • (2004) Appl. Environ. Microbiol , vol.70 , pp. 318-323
    • Berge, A.C.1    Adaska, J.M.2    Sischo, W.M.3
  • 11
  • 12
    • 0030947552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-O157 vero cytotoxin producing Escherichia coli: Aetiological agents of diarrhoea in children in Dunedin, New Zealand
    • Brooks, H. J., K. A. Bettelheim, B. Todd, and M. D. Holdaway. 1997. Non-O157 vero cytotoxin producing Escherichia coli: aetiological agents of diarrhoea in children in Dunedin, New Zealand. Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 20:163-170.
    • (1997) Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis , vol.20 , pp. 163-170
    • Brooks, H.J.1    Bettelheim, K.A.2    Todd, B.3    Holdaway, M.D.4
  • 13
    • 0032868077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection and differentiation of Listeria spp. by a single reaction based on multiplex PCR
    • Bubert, A., I. Hein, M. Rauch, A. Lehner, B. Yoon, W. Goebel, and M. Wagner. 1999. Detection and differentiation of Listeria spp. by a single reaction based on multiplex PCR. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65:4688-4692.
    • (1999) Appl. Environ. Microbiol , vol.65 , pp. 4688-4692
    • Bubert, A.1    Hein, I.2    Rauch, M.3    Lehner, A.4    Yoon, B.5    Goebel, W.6    Wagner, M.7
  • 14
    • 3843117769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differentiation of the major Listeria monocytogenes serovars by multiplex PCR
    • Doumith, M., C. Buchrieser, P. Glaser, C. Jacquet, and P. Martin. 2004. Differentiation of the major Listeria monocytogenes serovars by multiplex PCR. J. Clin. Microbiol. 42:3819-3822.
    • (2004) J. Clin. Microbiol , vol.42 , pp. 3819-3822
    • Doumith, M.1    Buchrieser, C.2    Glaser, P.3    Jacquet, C.4    Martin, P.5
  • 15
    • 0036139657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Escherichia coli harboring Shiga toxin 2 gene variants: Frequency and association with clinical symptoms
    • Friedrich, A. W., M. Bielaszewska, W. L. Zhang, M. Pulz, T. Kuczius, A. Ammon, and H. Karch. 2002. Escherichia coli harboring Shiga toxin 2 gene variants: frequency and association with clinical symptoms. J. Infect. Dis. 185:74-84.
    • (2002) J. Infect. Dis , vol.185 , pp. 74-84
    • Friedrich, A.W.1    Bielaszewska, M.2    Zhang, W.L.3    Pulz, M.4    Kuczius, T.5    Ammon, A.6    Karch, H.7
  • 16
    • 26244448056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methods for the isolation and identification of Listeria spp. and Listeria monocytogenes: A review
    • Gasanov, U., D. Hughes, and P. M. Hansbro. 2005. Methods for the isolation and identification of Listeria spp. and Listeria monocytogenes: a review. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 29:851-875.
    • (2005) FEMS Microbiol. Rev , vol.29 , pp. 851-875
    • Gasanov, U.1    Hughes, D.2    Hansbro, P.M.3
  • 17
    • 85039220038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Programme Development Group, New Zealand Food Safety Authority, 2005. Personal communication
    • Hathaway, S. (Programme Development Group, New Zealand Food Safety Authority). 2005. Personal communication.
    • Hathaway, S.1
  • 18
    • 85039221147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health Canada. 2003. Canadian integrated surveillance report: Salmonella, Campylobacter, pathogenic E. coli, and Shigella from 1996 to 1999. CCDR 2003;29S1. Available at: http://www. phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/ccdr-rmtc/03vo129/29s1/index.html. Accessed 6 January 2006.
    • Health Canada. 2003. Canadian integrated surveillance report: Salmonella, Campylobacter, pathogenic E. coli, and Shigella from 1996 to 1999. CCDR 2003;29S1. Available at: http://www. phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/ccdr-rmtc/03vo129/29s1/index.html. Accessed 6 January 2006.
  • 19
    • 85039178774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hitchins, A. D. 2002. Detection and enumeration of Listeria monocytogenes in foods, chap. 10. In Bacteriological analytical manual, 8th ed., rev. A. Draft rev., September 2002. Available at: http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~ebam/bam-toc.html. Accessed 6 January 2006.
    • Hitchins, A. D. 2002. Detection and enumeration of Listeria monocytogenes in foods, chap. 10. In Bacteriological analytical manual, 8th ed., rev. A. Draft rev., September 2002. Available at: http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~ebam/bam-toc.html. Accessed 6 January 2006.
  • 20
    • 0034007118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolation of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) from foods using EHEC agar
    • Hudson, J. A., C. Nicol., J. Capill, and J. Bennett. 2000. Isolation of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) from foods using EHEC agar. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 30:109-113.
    • (2000) Lett. Appl. Microbiol , vol.30 , pp. 109-113
    • Hudson, J.A.1    Nicol, C.2    Capill, J.3    Bennett, J.4
  • 21
    • 85039201192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Campylobacter
    • chap. 7, manual, 8th ed, rev. A. Available at:, Accessed 6 January 2006
    • Hunt, J. M., C. Abeyta, and T. Tran. 1998. Campylobacter, chap. 7. In Bacteriological analytical manual, 8th ed., rev. A. Available at: http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~ebam/bam-toc.html. Accessed 6 January 2006.
    • (1998) Bacteriological analytical
    • Hunt, J.M.1    Abeyta, C.2    Tran, T.3
  • 22
    • 0037641008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of PCR for direct detection of Campylobacter species in bovine feces
    • Inglis, G. D., and L. D. Kalischhuk. 2003. Use of PCR for direct detection of Campylobacter species in bovine feces. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69:3435-3447.
    • (2003) Appl. Environ. Microbiol , vol.69 , pp. 3435-3447
    • Inglis, G.D.1    Kalischhuk, L.D.2
  • 23
    • 1542344529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A survey of Campylobacter species shed in faeces of beef cattle using polymerase chain reaction
    • Inglis, G. D., L. D. Kaliscuk, and H. W. Busz. 2003. A survey of Campylobacter species shed in faeces of beef cattle using polymerase chain reaction. Can. J. Microbiol. 49:655-661.
    • (2003) Can. J. Microbiol , vol.49 , pp. 655-661
    • Inglis, G.D.1    Kaliscuk, L.D.2    Busz, H.W.3
  • 24
    • 3242881658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic shedding of Campylobacter species in beef cattle
    • Inglis, G. D., L. D. Kaliscuk, and H. W. Busz. 2004. Chronic shedding of Campylobacter species in beef cattle. J. Appl. Microbiol. 97:410-420.
    • (2004) J. Appl. Microbiol , vol.97 , pp. 410-420
    • Inglis, G.D.1    Kaliscuk, L.D.2    Busz, H.W.3
  • 26
    • 0035139264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of a multiple-step process for the microbial decontamination of beef trim
    • Kang, D. H., M. Koohmaraie, W. J. Dorsa, and G. R. Siragusa. 2001. Development of a multiple-step process for the microbial decontamination of beef trim. J. Food Prot. 64:63-71.
    • (2001) J. Food Prot , vol.64 , pp. 63-71
    • Kang, D.H.1    Koohmaraie, M.2    Dorsa, W.J.3    Siragusa, G.R.4
  • 27
    • 0035122244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of multiple antimicrobial interventions for microbial decontamination of commercial beef trim
    • Kang, D. H., M. Koohmaraie, and G. R. Siragusa. 2001. Application of multiple antimicrobial interventions for microbial decontamination of commercial beef trim. J. Food Prot. 64:168-171.
    • (2001) J. Food Prot , vol.64 , pp. 168-171
    • Kang, D.H.1    Koohmaraie, M.2    Siragusa, G.R.3
  • 28
    • 10844269440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differentiation of Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter lari, and Campylobacter upsaliensis by a multiplex PCR developed from the nucleotide sequence of the lipid A gene lpxA
    • Klena, J. D., C. T. Parker, K. Knabb, J. C. Ibbitt, P. M. L. Devane, S. T. Horn, W. G. Miller, and M. E. Konkel. 2004. Differentiation of Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter lari, and Campylobacter upsaliensis by a multiplex PCR developed from the nucleotide sequence of the lipid A gene lpxA. J. Clin. Microbiol. 42:5549-5557.
    • (2004) J. Clin. Microbiol , vol.42 , pp. 5549-5557
    • Klena, J.D.1    Parker, C.T.2    Knabb, K.3    Ibbitt, J.C.4    Devane, P.M.L.5    Horn, S.T.6    Miller, W.G.7    Konkel, M.E.8
  • 32
    • 0031984684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli
    • Nataro, J. P., and J. B. Kaper. 1998. Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 11:142-201.
    • (1998) Clin. Microbiol. Rev , vol.11 , pp. 142-201
    • Nataro, J.P.1    Kaper, J.B.2
  • 33
    • 24944566811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reported foodborne illness and gastroenteritis in Australia: Annual report of the OzFoodNet network, 2004
    • OzFoodNet Working Group
    • OzFoodNet Working Group. 2005. Reported foodborne illness and gastroenteritis in Australia: annual report of the OzFoodNet network, 2004. Commun. Dis. Intell. 29:164-190.
    • (2005) Commun. Dis. Intell , vol.29 , pp. 164-190
  • 34
    • 0030027297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enterobacter cloacae producing a Shiga-like toxin II-related cytotoxin associated with a case of hemolytic-uremic syndrome
    • Paton, A. W., and J. C. Paton. 1996. Enterobacter cloacae producing a Shiga-like toxin II-related cytotoxin associated with a case of hemolytic-uremic syndrome. J. Clin. Microbiol. 34:463-465.
    • (1996) J. Clin. Microbiol , vol.34 , pp. 463-465
    • Paton, A.W.1    Paton, J.C.2
  • 35
    • 0031975950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection and characterization of Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli by using multiplex PCR assays for stx1, stx2, eaeA, enterohemorrhagic E. coli hlyA, rfbO111, and rfbO157
    • Paton, A. W., and J. C. Paton. 1998. Detection and characterization of Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli by using multiplex PCR assays for stx1, stx2, eaeA, enterohemorrhagic E. coli hlyA, rfbO111, and rfbO157. J. Clin. Microbiol. 36:598-602.
    • (1998) J. Clin. Microbiol , vol.36 , pp. 598-602
    • Paton, A.W.1    Paton, J.C.2
  • 36
    • 0029927272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular microbiological investigation of an outbreak of hemolytic-uremic syndrome caused by dry fermented sausage contaminated with Shiga-like toxin-producing Escherichia coli
    • Paton, A. W., R. M. Ratcliff, R. M. Doyle, J. A. Lanser, and J. C. Paton. 1996. Molecular microbiological investigation of an outbreak of hemolytic-uremic syndrome caused by dry fermented sausage contaminated with Shiga-like toxin-producing Escherichia coli. J. Clin. Microbiol. 34:1622-1627.
    • (1996) J. Clin. Microbiol , vol.34 , pp. 1622-1627
    • Paton, A.W.1    Ratcliff, R.M.2    Doyle, R.M.3    Lanser, J.A.4    Paton, J.C.5
  • 37
    • 0031848112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis and diagnosis of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli infections
    • Paton, J. C., and A. W. Paton. 1998. Pathogenesis and diagnosis of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli infections. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 11:450-479.
    • (1998) Clin. Microbiol. Rev , vol.11 , pp. 450-479
    • Paton, J.C.1    Paton, A.W.2
  • 38
    • 33646478704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A national survey of the microbiological quality of beef carcasses and frozen boneless beef in Australia
    • Phillips, D., D. Jordan, S. Morris, I. Jenson, and J. Sumner. 2006. A national survey of the microbiological quality of beef carcasses and frozen boneless beef in Australia. J. Food Prot. 69:1113-1117.
    • (2006) J. Food Prot , vol.69 , pp. 1113-1117
    • Phillips, D.1    Jordan, D.2    Morris, S.3    Jenson, I.4    Sumner, J.5
  • 39
    • 0026901089 scopus 로고
    • Amplification of an invA gene sequence of Salmonella typhimurium by polymerase chain reaction as a specific method of detection of Salmonella
    • Rahn, K., S. A. De Grandis, R. C. Clarke, S. A. McEwen, J. E. Galan, G. Ginocchio, R. Curtiss, and C. L. Gyles. 1992. Amplification of an invA gene sequence of Salmonella typhimurium by polymerase chain reaction as a specific method of detection of Salmonella. Mol. Cell. Probes 6:271-279.
    • (1992) Mol. Cell. Probes , vol.6 , pp. 271-279
    • Rahn, K.1    De Grandis, S.A.2    Clarke, R.C.3    McEwen, S.A.4    Galan, J.E.5    Ginocchio, G.6    Curtiss, R.7    Gyles, C.L.8
  • 40
    • 0442297597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella in two geographically distant commercial beef processing plants in the United States
    • Rivera-Betancourt, M., S. D. Shackelford, T. M. Arthur, K. E. Westmoreland, G. Bellinger, M. Rossman, J. O. Reagan, and M. Koohmaraie. 2004. Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella in two geographically distant commercial beef processing plants in the United States. J. Food Prot. 67:295-302.
    • (2004) J. Food Prot , vol.67 , pp. 295-302
    • Rivera-Betancourt, M.1    Shackelford, S.D.2    Arthur, T.M.3    Westmoreland, K.E.4    Bellinger, G.5    Rossman, M.6    Reagan, J.O.7    Koohmaraie, M.8
  • 41
    • 0034456080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foodborne listeriosis
    • Schlech, W. F. 2000. Foodborne listeriosis. Clin. Infect. Dis. 31:770-775.
    • (2000) Clin. Infect. Dis , vol.31 , pp. 770-775
    • Schlech, W.F.1
  • 42
    • 0036129537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Salmonella spp. shedding by Alberta beef cattle and the detection of Salmonella spp. in ground beef
    • Sorensen, O., J. V. Donkersgoed, M. McFall, K. Manninen, G. Gensler, and G. Ollis. 2002. Salmonella spp. shedding by Alberta beef cattle and the detection of Salmonella spp. in ground beef. J. Food Prot. 65:484-491.
    • (2002) J. Food Prot , vol.65 , pp. 484-491
    • Sorensen, O.1    Donkersgoed, J.V.2    McFall, M.3    Manninen, K.4    Gensler, G.5    Ollis, G.6
  • 43
    • 85039185657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Standards Australia. 2002. Australian standard for production and transportation of meat and meat products for human consumption, AS 4696. SAI Global, Sydney.
    • Standards Australia. 2002. Australian standard for production and transportation of meat and meat products for human consumption, AS 4696. SAI Global, Sydney.
  • 44
    • 0031659945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The seasonal variation of thermophilic campylobacters in beef cattle, dairy cattle and calves
    • Stanley, K. N., J. S. Wallace, J. E. Currie, P. J. Diggle, and K. Jones. 1998. The seasonal variation of thermophilic campylobacters in beef cattle, dairy cattle and calves. J. Appl. Microbiol. 85:472-480.
    • (1998) J. Appl. Microbiol , vol.85 , pp. 472-480
    • Stanley, K.N.1    Wallace, J.S.2    Currie, J.E.3    Diggle, P.J.4    Jones, K.5
  • 45
    • 0028937812 scopus 로고
    • Reduction in listeriosis: Effectiveness of prevention efforts?
    • Tappero, J., A. Schuchat, K. A. Deaver, L. Mascola, and J. D. Wenger. 1995. Reduction in listeriosis: effectiveness of prevention efforts? JAMA 273:1118-1122.
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.273 , pp. 1118-1122
    • Tappero, J.1    Schuchat, A.2    Deaver, K.A.3    Mascola, L.4    Wenger, J.D.5
  • 47
    • 0029073357 scopus 로고
    • Verocytotoxigenic Citrobacter freundii associated with severe gastroenteritis and cases of haemolytic uraemic syndrome in a nursery school: Green butter as the infection source
    • Tschape, H., R. Prager, W. Streckel, A. Fruth, E. Tietze, and G. Bohme. 1995. Verocytotoxigenic Citrobacter freundii associated with severe gastroenteritis and cases of haemolytic uraemic syndrome in a nursery school: green butter as the infection source. Epidemiol. Infect. 114:441-450.
    • (1995) Epidemiol. Infect , vol.114 , pp. 441-450
    • Tschape, H.1    Prager, R.2    Streckel, W.3    Fruth, A.4    Tietze, E.5    Bohme, G.6
  • 48
    • 33847205485 scopus 로고
    • Veterinary Services
    • U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, Fort Collins, Colo
    • U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services. 1994. Salmonella in dairy calves. Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, Fort Collins, Colo.
    • (1994) Salmonella in dairy calves
  • 49
    • 33847198772 scopus 로고
    • Veterinary Services
    • U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, Fort Collins, Colo
    • U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services. 1995. Salmonella shedding by feedlot cattle. Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, Fort Collins, Colo.
    • (1995) Salmonella shedding by feedlot cattle
  • 50
    • 85039219488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services. 1998. E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella status on U.S. dairy operations. Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, Fort Collins, Colo.
    • U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services. 1998. E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella status on U.S. dairy operations. Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, Fort Collins, Colo.
  • 51
    • 85039190159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, U.S. beef and cattle industry. Available at:, Accessed 6 January 2006
    • U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service. 2005. Background statistics: U.S. beef and cattle industry. Available at: http://www.ers.usda.gov/news/BSECoverage.htm. Accessed 6 January 2006.
    • (2005) Background statistics
  • 52
    • 85039231748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service. 2005. BICO import commodity aggregations. Available at: http://www.fas.usda.gov/USTRADE/ USTImBICO.asp?QI=. Accessed 6 January 2006.
    • U.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service. 2005. BICO import commodity aggregations. Available at: http://www.fas.usda.gov/USTRADE/ USTImBICO.asp?QI=. Accessed 6 January 2006.
  • 53
    • 85039202167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vally, H., M. D. Kirk, E. Scallan, F. J. Angulo, and G. V. Hall. 2004. Higher incidence of Campylobacter infection in Australia compared with the United States in 2001. FoodNet publication. Available at: www.cdc.gov/foodnet/pub/publications/2004/vally_2004.pdf. Accessed 6 January 2006.
    • Vally, H., M. D. Kirk, E. Scallan, F. J. Angulo, and G. V. Hall. 2004. Higher incidence of Campylobacter infection in Australia compared with the United States in 2001. FoodNet publication. Available at: www.cdc.gov/foodnet/pub/publications/2004/vally_2004.pdf. Accessed 6 January 2006.
  • 54
    • 0035653253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of Campylobacter spp., Escherichia coli, and Salmonella serovars in retail chicken, turkey, pork, and beef from the greater Washington, D.C. area
    • Zhao, C., B. Ge, J. De Villena, R. Sudler, E. Yeh, S. Zhao, D. G. White, D. Wagner, and J. Meng. 2001. Prevalence of Campylobacter spp., Escherichia coli, and Salmonella serovars in retail chicken, turkey, pork, and beef from the greater Washington, D.C. area. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 67:5431-5436.
    • (2001) Appl. Environ. Microbiol , vol.67 , pp. 5431-5436
    • Zhao, C.1    Ge, B.2    De Villena, J.3    Sudler, R.4    Yeh, E.5    Zhao, S.6    White, D.G.7    Wagner, D.8    Meng, J.9


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.