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0001396269
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N2-type reactions relative to more common polar aprotic solvents (such as MeCN and THF), alternative mechanisms involving DBU-mediated halogen transfer cannot be ruled out at this time. It is interesting to note that DBU is also an excellent base for the Bingel reaction, see: (a) Bingel, C. Chem. Ber. 1993, 126, 1957.
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0001517108
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Kohler found that an α-bromoadduct similar to 8 could be cyclized in poor yield (>30%) on reflux in excess methanolic KOAc (see ref 20d). A later report suggested that a p-Me analogue of 4 could be prepared via electroreduction of the chloromalonate in the presence of the Michael acceptor (no yield given): Le Menn, J.-C.; Tallec, A.; Sarrazin, J. Can. J. Chem. 1991, 69, 761.
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0028340917
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For a useful oxidative cyclization using KF/alumina of the Michael adducts between malonate esters and electron deficient olefins (including nitroolefins): Villemin, D.; Thibault-Starzyk, F.; Hachemi, M. Synth. Commun. 1994, 24, 1425.
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note
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See Supporting Information for details.
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64
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33749027248
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note
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The Michael addition reaction promoted by 6 and 7 proceeded to completion in all cases.
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65
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33749020586
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note
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It is interesting to note that the quinidine derived DHQD furnished the same major product enantiomer as the quinine-derived 6. This is contrary to the trend previously observed in the corresponding catalyzed addition of dimethyl malonate to 2 (see ref 21a).
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66
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33749003220
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note
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Racemization of the product by DBU has been discounted as the ee of enantioenriched 4 remained unchanged after stirring in THF (1.0 M) in the presence of DBU (1.0 equiv) for 24 h at room temperature.
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