Brazilian consensus of specialists on the diagnosis of attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder in adults;Painel brasileiro de especialistas sobre diagnóstico do transtorno de déficit de atenção/hiperatividade (TDAH) em adultos

Revista de Psiquiatria do Rio Grande do Sul

Volumn 28, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 50-60

  Mattos, Paulo ^a,g   Palmini, André ^b   Salgado, Carlos Alberto ^c   Segenreich, Daniel ^a   Grevet, Eugênio ^c   De Oliveira, Irismar Reis ^d   Rohde, Luiz Augusto ^c   Romano, Marcos ^e   Louzã, Mário ^f   De Abreu, Paulo Belmonte ^c   Lima, Pedro Prado ^b  

^a FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF RIO DE JANEIRO   (Brazil)

^b PONTIFICAL CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL   (Brazil)

^c FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL   (Brazil)

^d FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF BAHIA   (Brazil)

^e FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF SÃO PAULO   (Brazil)

^f SÃO PAULO STATE UNIVERSITY UNESP   (Brazil)

^g NONE   (Brazil)

Author keywords

ADHD; Adults; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Diagnosis

Indexed keywords

ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER; BRAZIL; CLINICAL FEATURE; COMORBIDITY; DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; INTERVIEW; NEUROBIOLOGY; NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS; QUESTIONNAIRE; RATING SCALE; REVIEW; SELF REPORT;

EID: 33748058485     PISSN: 01018108     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1590/s0101-81082006000100007     Document Type: Review

References (77)

1. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 3rd ed. Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Association; 1980.
2. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed. Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Association; 1994.
3. World Health Organization. The IDC-10 classification of mental and behavioral disorders: diagnostic criteria for research. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1993.
4. Laufer MW, Denhoff E. Hyperkinetic behavior syndrome in children. J Pediatr. 1957;50(4):463-74.
5. Wender PH, Reimherr FW, Wood DR. Attention deficit disorder ("minimal brain dysfunction") in adults: a replication study of diagnosis and drug treatment. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1981;38(4):449-56.
6. Zametkin AJ, Nordahl TE, Gross M, King AC, Semple WE, Rumsey J, et al. Cerebral Glucose metabolism in adults with hyperactivity of childhood onset. N Engl J Med. 1990;323(20):1361-6.
7. Barkley RA, Fischer M, Smallish L, Fletcher K. The persistence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder into young adulthood as a function of reporting source and definition of disorder. J Abnorm Psychol. 2002;111(2):279-89.
8. Biederman J, Mick E, Faraone SV. Age-dependent decline of symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: impact of remission definition and symptom type. Am J Psychiatry. 2000;157(5):816-8.
9. Fischer M. The persistence of ADHD into adulthood: it depends on whom you ask. ADHD Report. 1997;5(4):8-10.
10. Faraone SV, Monuteaux MC, Biederman J, Cohan SL, Mick E. Does parental ADHD bias maternal reports of ADHD symptoms in children? J Consult Clin Psychol. 2003;71(1):168-75.
11. Murphy K, Barkley RA. Prevalence of DSM-IV symptoms of ADHD in adult licensed drivers: implications for clinical diagnosis. J Atten Disord. 1996;1(3):147-61.
12. Spencer T, Biederman J, Wilens TE, Faraone SV. Is attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults a valid disorder? Harv Rev Psychiatry. 1994;1(6):326-35.
13. Spencer T, Biederman J, Wilens TE, Faraone SV. Adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a controversial diagnosis. J Clin Psychiatry. 1998;59 Suppl 7:59-68.
14. Grevet EH, Bau CH, Salgado CA, Fischer A, Victor MM, Garcia C, et al. Interrater reliability for diagnosis in adults of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant disorder using K-SADS-E. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2005;63(2A):307-10.
15. Kooij JJ, Buitelaar JK, van den Oord EJ, Furer JW, Rijnders CA, Hodiamont PP. Internal and external validity of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in a population-based sample of adults. Psychol Med. 2005;35(6):817-27.
16. Rohde LA, Szobot C, Polanczyk G, Schmitz M, Martins S, Tramontina S. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in a diverse culture: do research and clinical findings support the notion of a cultural construct for the disorder? Biol Psychiatry. 2005;57(11):1436-41.
17. Faraone SV, Biederman J, Spencer T, Wilens T, Seidman LJ, Mick E, et al. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults: an overview. Biol Psychiatry. 2000;48(1):9-20.
18. Faraone SV. A genetic perspective on the validity of adult ADHD. In: 155th Annual Meeting of the American Psychiatric Association; 2002 May 18-23; Philadelphia, USA. Washington D.C.: APA, 2002.
19. Ernst M, Kimes AS, London ED, Matochik JA, Eldreth D, Tata S, et al. Neural substrates of decision making in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 2003;160(6):1061-70.
20. Kaplan RF, Stevens MC. A review of adult ADHD: a neuropsychological and neuroimaging perspective. CNS Spectr. 2002;7(5):355-62.
21. Giedd JN, Blumenthal J, Molloy E, Castellanos FX. Brain imaging of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2001;931:33-49.
22. Barkley RA. Behavioral inhibition, sustained attention, and executive functions: Constructing a unifying theory of ADHD. Psychol Bull. 1997;121(1):65-94.
23. Sagvolden T, Aase H, Zeiner P, Berger D. Altered reinforcement mechanisms in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Behav Brain Res. 1998;94(1):61-71.
24. Sonuga-Barke EJ. Causal models of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: from common simple deficits to multiple developmental pathways. Biol Psychiatry. 2005;57(11):1231-8.
25. Willcutt EG, Doyle AE, Nigg JT, Faraone SV, Pennington BF. Validity of the executive function theory of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a meta-analytic review. Biol Psychiatry. 2005;57(11):1336-46.
26. McGough JJ, Barkley RA. Diagnostic controversies in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 2004;161(11):1948-56.
27. Barkley RA. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a handbook for diagnosis and treatment. 2nd ed. New York: Guilford Publications; 1998.
28. Millstein RB, Wilens TE, Biederman J, Spencer TJ. Presenting ADHD symptoms and subtypes in clinically referred adults with ADHD. J Atten Disord. 1997;2(3):159-66.
29. Weiss M, Hechtman LT, Weiss G. ADHD in adulthood: a guide to current theory, diagnosis and treatment. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins; 1999.
30. Braun DL, Dulit RA, Adler DA, Berlant J, Dixon L, Fornari V, et al. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults: clinical information for primary care physicians. Primary Psychiatry. 2004;11(9):56-65.
31. Corkum P, Tannok R, Moldofsky H, Hogg-Johnson S, Humphries T. Actigraphy and parental ratings of sleep in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Sleep. 2001;24(3):303-12.
32. Lewin DS, Di Pinto M. Sleep disorders and ADHD: shared and common phenotypes. Sleep. 2004;27(2):188-9.
33. Ward MF, Wender PH, Reimherr FW. The Wender Utah Rating Scale: an aid in the retrospective diagnosis of childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 1993;150(6):885-90.
34. Wierzbicki M. Reliability and validity of the Wender Utah Rating Scale for college students. Psychol Rep. 2005;96(3 Pt 1):833-9.
35. Hinshaw SP. On the distinction between attentional deficits/hyperactivity and conduct problems/aggression in child psychopathology. Psychol Bull. 1987;101(3):443-63.
36. Loeber R, Burke JD, Lahey BB, Winters A, Zera M. Oppositional defiant and conduct disorder: a review of the past 10 years, part I. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2000;39(12):1468-84.
37. Lahey BB, Applegate B, McBurnett K, Biederman J, Greenhill L, Hynd GW, et al. DSM-IV field trials for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents. Am J Psychiatry. 1994;151(11):1673-85.
38. Murphy K, Barkley RA. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder adults: comorbidities and adaptive impairments. Compr Psychiatry. 1996;37(6):393-401.
39. Heiligenstein E, Conyers LM, Berns AR, Miller MA. Preliminary normative data on DSM-IV attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in college students. J Am Coll Health. 1998;46(4):185-8.
40. DuPaul GJ, Power TJ, Anastopoulos AD, Reid R. ADHD Rating Scale-IV: checklists, norms, and clinical interpretation. New York: Guilford Publications; 1998.
41. Conners CK, Erhardt D, Sparrow E. Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scales. North Tonawanda: Multi-Health Systems; 1999.
42. Epstein JN, Johnson D, Conners CK. Conners' Adult ADHD Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV. North Tonawanda: Multi-Health Systems; 2001.
43. Sheehan DV, Lecrubier Y, Sheehan KH, Amorim P, Janavs J, Weiller E, et al. The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. J Clin Psychiatry. 1998;59 Suppl 20:22-33.
44. Wender PH, Ward MF, Reimherr FW, Marchant BK. ADHD in adults. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2000;39(5):543.
45. Barkley RA, Murphy K. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a clinical workbook. 2nd ed. New York: Guilford Publications; 1998.
46. Brown T. Brown ADD Scales. San Antonio: The Psychological Corporation; 1996.
47. Kessler RC, Adler L, Ames M, Demler O, Faraone S, Hiripi E, et al. The World Health Organization Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS): a short screening scale for use in the general population. Psychol Med. 2005;35(2):245-56.
48. Mattos P, Segenreich D, Saboya E, Louzã M, Dias G, Romano M. Adaptação transcultural da escala ASRS-18 (versão1.1) para avaliação do transtorno de déficit de atenção e hiperatividade em adultos para o português. Rev Psiquiatr Clin. In press.
49. Grevet EH, Bau CH, Salgado CA, Ficher A, Victor MM, Garcia C, et al. Interrater reliability for diagnosis in adults of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant disorder using K-SADS-E. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2005;63(2A):307-10.
50. Orvaschel H, Puig-Antich J. Schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school-age children: epidemiologic version. Fort Lauderdale: Nova University; 1987.
51. Murphy P, Schachar R. Use of self-ratings in the assessment of symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults. Am J Psychiatry. 2000;157(7):1156-9.
52. Jensen PS, Rubio-Stipec M, Canino G, Bird HR, Dulcan MK, Schwab-Stone ME, et al. Parent and child contributions to diagnosis of mental disorder: are both informants always necessary? J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1999;38(12):1569-79.
53. Zucker M., Morris MK, Ingram SM., Morris RD, Bakeman R. Concordance of self- and informant ratings of adults' current and childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms. Psychol Assess. 2002;14(4):379-89.
54. Barkley RA, Biederman J. Toward a broader definition of the age-of-onset criterion for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997;36(9):1204-10.
55. Hesslinger B, Tebartz van Elst L, Mochan F, Elbert D. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults-early vs. late onset in a retrospective study. Psychiatry Res. 2003;119(3):217-23.
56. Applegate B, Lahey BB, Hart EL, Biederman J, Hynd GW, Barkley RA, et al. Validity of the age-of-onset criterion for ADHD: a report from the DSM-IV field trials. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997;36(9):1211-21.
57. Faraone SV, Perlis RH, Doyle AE, Smoller JW, Goralnick JJ, Holmgren MA, et al. Molecular genetics of attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2005;57(11):1313-23.
58. Biederman J, Faraone SV. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Lancet. 2005;366(9481):237-48.
59. Murphy K, Barkley RA. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder adults: comorbidities and adaptive impairments. Compr Psychiatry. 1996;37(6):393-401.
60. Barkley RA, Murphy KR, Kwasnik D. Psychological adjustment and adaptive impairments in young adults with ADHD. J Atten Disord. 1996;1(1):41-54.
61. Barkley RA, Murphy KR, Kwasnik D. Motor vehicle driving competencies and risks in teens and young adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Pediatrics. 1996;98(6 Pt 1):1089-95.
62. Eyestone LL, Howell RJ. An epidemiological study of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and major depression in a male prison population. Bull Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 1994;22(2):181-93.
63. Andrade RC, Silva VA, Assumpção FB Jr. Preliminary data on the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in Brazilian male and female juvenile delinquents. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2004;37(8):1155-60.
64. Mannuzza S, Klein RG, Bessler A, Malloy P, LaPadula M. Adult outcome of hyperactive boys. Educational achievement, occupational rank, and psychiatric status. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1993;50(7):565-76.
65. Milberger S, Biederman J, Faraone SV, Chen L, Jones J. ADHD is associated with early initiation of cigarette smoking in children and adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997;36(1):37-44.
66. Barkley R, Gordon M. Research on comorbidity, adaptive functioning, and cognitive impairments in adults with ADHD: implications for a clinical practice. In: Goldstein S, Ellison AT, eds. Clinician's guide to adult ADHD: assessment and intervention. San Diego: Academic Press; 2002. p. 43-69.
67. Murphy K, Barkley RA. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder adults: comorbidities and adaptive impairments. Compr Psychiatry. 1996;37(6):393-401.
68. Murphy KR, Barkley RA, Bush T. Young adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: subtype differences in comorbidity, educational, and clinical history. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2002;190(3):147-57.
69. Shekim WO, Asarnow RF, Hess E, Zaucha K, Wheeler N. A clinical and demographic profile of a sample of adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Compr Psychiatry. 1990;31(5):416-25.
70. Kessler RC, Chiu WT, Demler O, Merikangas Kr, Walters EE. Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of 12-month DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005;62(6):617-27.
71. Biederman J, Kwon A, Aleardi M, Chouinard VA, Marino T, Cole H, et al. Absence of gender effects on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: findings in nonreferred subjects Am J Psychiatry. 2005;162(6):1083-9.
72. Grevet EH, Bau CH, Salgado CAI, Fischer AG, Kalil K, Victor MV, et al. Lack of gender effects on subtype outcomes in adults with attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder: support for the validity of subtypes. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. In press.
73. Biederman J. Impact of comorbidity in adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 2004;65 Suppl 3:3-7.
74. Biederman J, Faraone SV, Monuteaux MC, Bober M, Cadogen E. Gender effects on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults, revisited. Biol Psychiatry. 2004;55(7):692-700.
75. Souza I, Pinheiro MA, Denardin D, Mattos P, Rohde LA. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and comorbidity in Brazil: comparisons between two referred samples. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2004;13(4):243-8.
76. Wilens T, Biederman J, Wozniak J, Gunawardene S, Wong J, Monuteaux M. Can adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder be distinguished from those with comorbid bipolar disorder? Findings from a sample of clinically referred adults. Biol Psychiatry. 2003;54(1):1-8.
77. Mattos P, Saboya E, Ayrão V, Segenreich D, Duchesne M, Coutinho G. Comorbid eating disorders in a Brazilian attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder adult clinical sample. Rev Bras Psiquiatr. 2004;26(4):248-50.