메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 10, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 41-50

Human immunodeficiency virus and the central nervous system

Author keywords

AIDS; Central nervous system; Cerebrospinal fluid; Chemokines; HIV; HIV dementia; Viral load

Indexed keywords

ABACAVIR; AMPRENAVIR; ANTIOXIDANT; CHEMOKINE; CPI 1189; DELAVIRDINE; DIDANOSINE; EFAVIRENZ; INDINAVIR; LAMIVUDINE; LOPINAVIR; MEMANTINE; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; NELFINAVIR; NEVIRAPINE; PLACEBO; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; RITONAVIR; RNA DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE INHIBITOR; SAQUINAVIR; SELEGILINE; STAVUDINE; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; ZALCITABINE; ZIDOVUDINE;

EID: 33745068691     PISSN: 14138670     EISSN: 14138670     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1590/S1413-86702006000100009     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (21)

References (88)
  • 2
    • 33745099479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacto da aids na mortalidade de mulheres no município de Curitiba
    • [M.Sc. thesis]. Curitiba (PR): UFPR
    • Ribeiro C.E.L. Impacto da aids na mortalidade de mulheres no município de Curitiba [M.Sc. thesis]. Curitiba (PR): UFPR, 2001.
    • (2001)
    • Ribeiro, C.E.L.1
  • 3
    • 0034035410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiopathology and treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
    • Soto Ramirez L.E. Physiopathology and treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Rev Invest Clin 2000;52:60-71.
    • (2000) Rev Invest Clin , vol.52 , pp. 60-71
    • Soto Ramirez, L.E.1
  • 4
    • 0028359851 scopus 로고
    • Demented and nondemented patients with AIDS differ in brain-derived human immunodeficiency virus type1 envelope sequences
    • Power C., McArthur J.C., Johson R.T., et al. Demented and nondemented patients with AIDS differ in brain-derived human immunodeficiency virus type1 envelope sequences. Journal of Virology 1994;68:4643-9.
    • (1994) Journal of Virology , vol.68 , pp. 4643-4649
    • Power, C.1    McArthur, J.C.2    Johson, R.T.3
  • 8
    • 0032032112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pseudotumoral chagasic meningoencephalitis as the first manifestation of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
    • Cohen J.E., Tsai E.C., Ginsberg H.J., Godes J. Pseudotumoral chagasic meningoencephalitis as the first manifestation of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Surgical Neurology 1998;49:324-7.
    • (1998) Surgical Neurology , vol.49 , pp. 324-327
    • Cohen, J.E.1    Tsai, E.C.2    Ginsberg, H.J.3    Godes, J.4
  • 9
    • 0029870766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chagasic granulomatous encephalitis in immunosuppressed patients. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings
    • Di Lorenzo G.A., Pagano M.A., Taraturo A.L., et al. Chagasic granulomatous encephalitis in immunosuppressed patients. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings. Journal of Neuroimaging 1996;6:94-7.
    • (1996) Journal of Neuroimaging , vol.6 , pp. 94-97
    • Di Lorenzo, G.A.1    Pagano, M.A.2    Taraturo, A.L.3
  • 10
    • 0026922802 scopus 로고
    • Acute central nervous system infection by Trypanosoma cruzi and AIDS
    • Gallo P., Fabiao Neto O.M., et al. Acute central nervous system infection by Trypanosoma cruzi and AIDS. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 1992;50:375-7.
    • (1992) Arq Neuropsiquiatr , vol.50 , pp. 375-377
    • Gallo, P.1    Fabiao Neto, O.M.2
  • 11
    • 0026509131 scopus 로고
    • Chaga's disease: Another cause of cerebral mass in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
    • Gluckstein D., Ciferri F., Ruskin J. Chaga's disease: another cause of cerebral mass in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. American Journal of Medicine 1992;92:429-32.
    • (1992) American Journal of Medicine , vol.92 , pp. 429-432
    • Gluckstein, D.1    Ciferri, F.2    Ruskin, J.3
  • 13
    • 0032020795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxoplasmic and chagasic meningoencephalitis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection: Anatomopathologic and tomographic differential diagnosis
    • Lazo J., Meneses A.C., Rocha A., et al. Toxoplasmic and chagasic meningoencephalitis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection: anatomopathologic and tomographic differential diagnosis. Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 1998;31:163-71.
    • (1998) Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira De Medicina Tropical , vol.31 , pp. 163-171
    • Lazo, J.1    Meneses, A.C.2    Rocha, A.3
  • 14
    • 0036133704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chagasic meningoencephalitis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: Diagnosis, follow up, and genetic characterization of Trypanosoma cruzi
    • Lages-Silva E., Ramirez L.E., Silva Vergara M.L., Chiari E. Chagasic meningoencephalitis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: diagnosis, follow up, and genetic characterization of Trypanosoma cruzi. Clinical Infectious Disease 2002;34:118-23.
    • (2002) Clinical Infectious Disease , vol.34 , pp. 118-123
    • Lages-Silva, E.1    Ramirez, L.E.2    Silva Vergara, M.L.3    Chiari, E.4
  • 15
    • 0033028211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebral tumor-like american trypanosomiasis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
    • Pagano M.A., Segura M.J., Di Lorenzo G.A., et al. Cerebral tumor-like american trypanosomiasis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Annals of Neurology 1999; 45:403-6.
    • (1999) Annals of Neurology , vol.45 , pp. 403-406
    • Pagano, M.A.1    Segura, M.J.2    Di Lorenzo, G.A.3
  • 16
    • 0030101418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trypanosoma cruzi meningoencephalitis in AIDS mimicking cerebral metastases: Case report
    • Pimentel P.C., Handfas B.W. Carmignani M. Trypanosoma cruzi meningoencephalitis in AIDS mimicking cerebral metastases: case report. Arquivos de Neuropsiquiatria 1996;54:102-6.
    • (1996) Arquivos De Neuropsiquiatria , vol.54 , pp. 102-106
    • Pimentel, P.C.1    Handfas, B.W.2    Carmignani, M.3
  • 17
    • 0026655038 scopus 로고
    • Fatal meningoencephalitis caused by reactivation of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in a patient with AIDS
    • Rosemberg S., Chaves C.J., Higuchi M.L., et al. Fatal meningoencephalitis caused by reactivation of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in a patient with AIDS. Neurology 1992;42:640-2.
    • (1992) Neurology , vol.42 , pp. 640-642
    • Rosemberg, S.1    Chaves, C.J.2    Higuchi, M.L.3
  • 19
    • 0034451769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paracoccidiodomycosis: A model for evaluation of the effects of human immunodeficiency virus infections on the natural history of endemic tropical diseases
    • Bernard G., Duarte A.J. Paracoccidiodomycosis: a model for evaluation of the effects of human immunodeficiency virus infections on the natural history of endemic tropical diseases. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2000;31:1032-9.
    • (2000) Clinical Infectious Diseases , vol.31 , pp. 1032-1039
    • Bernard, G.1    Duarte, A.J.2
  • 20
    • 0036741043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ocular and central nervous system paracoccidioidomycosis in a pregnant woman with AIDS
    • Finamor L.P., Muccioli C., Martins M.C., et al. Ocular and central nervous system paracoccidioidomycosis in a pregnant woman with AIDS. American Journal of Ophtalmology 2002; 134: 456-9.
    • (2002) American Journal of Ophtalmology , vol.134 , pp. 456-459
    • Finamor, L.P.1    Muccioli, C.2    Martins, M.C.3
  • 23
    • 0032292773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropathogenesis of HIV-1 infection. Outstanding questions
    • Vitkovic L., Tardieu M. Neuropathogenesis of HIV-1 infection. Outstanding questions. C R Acad Sci III 1998;321:1015-21.
    • (1998) C R Acad Sci III , vol.321 , pp. 1015-1021
    • Vitkovic, L.1    Tardieu, M.2
  • 25
    • 0030901509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levels of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA in cerebrospinal fluid correlate with AIDS dementia stage
    • Brew B.J., Pemberton L., Cunninghan P., Law M.G. Levels of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA in cerebrospinal fluid correlate with AIDS dementia stage. Journal of Infectious Diseases 1997; 175:963-6.
    • (1997) Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.175 , pp. 963-966
    • Brew, B.J.1    Pemberton, L.2    Cunninghan, P.3    Law, M.G.4
  • 27
    • 0022407895 scopus 로고
    • Isolation of HTLV-III from cerebrospinal fluid and neural tissues of patients with neurologic syndromes related to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
    • Ho D.D., Byington R.E., Schooley R.T., et al. Isolation of HTLV-III from cerebrospinal fluid and neural tissues of patients with neurologic syndromes related to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. New England Journal of Medicine 1985;313:1493-7.
    • (1985) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.313 , pp. 1493-1497
    • Ho, D.D.1    Byington, R.E.2    Schooley, R.T.3
  • 28
    • 0022407896 scopus 로고
    • Intrablood-brain-barrier synthesis of HTLV-III specific IgG in patients with neurologic symptons associated with AIDS or AIDS-related complex
    • Resnick L., DiMarzo-Veronese F., Tourtellotte W.W., et al. Intrablood-brain-barrier synthesis of HTLV-III specific IgG in patients with neurologic symptons associated with AIDS or AIDS-related complex. New England Journal of Medicine 1985;313:1498-504.
    • (1985) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.313 , pp. 1498-1504
    • Resnick, L.1    DiMarzo-Veronese, F.2    Tourtellotte, W.W.3
  • 29
    • 0021893921 scopus 로고
    • Sequence homology and morphologic similarity of HTLV-III and Visna virus, a pathogenic Lentivirus
    • Gonda M.A., Wong S.F., Gallo R.C., et al. Sequence homology and morphologic similarity of HTLV-III and Visna virus, a pathogenic Lentivirus. Science 1985;227:173-7.
    • (1985) Science , vol.227 , pp. 173-177
    • Gonda, M.A.1    Wong, S.F.2    Gallo, R.C.3
  • 30
    • 0023678884 scopus 로고
    • Spectrum of cerebrospinal fluid in various stages of human immunodeficiency virus infection
    • Marshall D.W., Brey R.L., Cahill W.T., et al. Spectrum of cerebrospinal fluid in various stages of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Archives of Neurology 1988;45:954-8.
    • (1988) Archives of Neurology , vol.45 , pp. 954-958
    • Marshall, D.W.1    Brey, R.L.2    Cahill, W.T.3
  • 32
    • 0343765602 scopus 로고
    • Neurological manifestations of infection with the Human Immunodeficiency viruses
    • Scheld WM, Whitley RJ, Durack DT. New York; Raven Press
    • Evans K.E., Donley D.K., Whitaker J.N. Neurological manifestations of infection with the Human Immunodeficiency viruses. In: Scheld WM, Whitley RJ, Durack DT. Infections of the Cetral Nervous System. New York; Raven Press; 1991, p 201-32.
    • (1991) Infections of the Cetral Nervous System , pp. 201-232
    • Evans, K.E.1    Donley, D.K.2    Whitaker, J.N.3
  • 33
    • 0022408686 scopus 로고
    • Acute encephalopathy coincident with seroconversion for anti- HTLV-III
    • Carne C.A., Tedder R.S., Smith A., et al. Acute encephalopathy coincident with seroconversion for anti- HTLV-III. Lancet 1985;2:1206-8.
    • (1985) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 1206-1208
    • Carne, C.A.1    Tedder, R.S.2    Smith, A.3
  • 35
    • 0023491951 scopus 로고
    • Neurologic manifestations of AIDS
    • McArthur J.C. Neurologic manifestations of AIDS. Medicine 1987;66:407-37.
    • (1987) Medicine , vol.66 , pp. 407-437
    • McArthur, J.C.1
  • 36
    • 0034283069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The two faces of HIV infection of cerebrospinal fluid
    • Price R.W. The two faces of HIV infection of cerebrospinal fluid. Trends in Microbiology 2000;8:387-90.
    • (2000) Trends in Microbiology , vol.8 , pp. 387-390
    • Price, R.W.1
  • 37
    • 0030020002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How HIV leads to neurological disease
    • Brew B.J., Wesselingh S.L., Gonzales M., et al. How HIV leads to neurological disease. MJA 1996;164:233-4.
    • (1996) MJA , vol.164 , pp. 233-234
    • Brew, B.J.1    Wesselingh, S.L.2    Gonzales, M.3
  • 38
    • 0033485550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemokine modulation of matrix metalloproteinases and TIMP production in adult rat brain microglia and a human microglial cell line in vitro
    • Cross A.K., Woodroofe M.N. Chemokine modulation of matrix metalloproteinases and TIMP production in adult rat brain microglia and a human microglial cell line in vitro. Glia 1999;28:183-9.
    • (1999) Glia , vol.28 , pp. 183-189
    • Cross, A.K.1    Woodroofe, M.N.2
  • 39
    • 0031723106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Matrix metalloproteinases contribute to the blood-brain barrier disruption during bacterial meningitis
    • Paul R., Lorenzl S., Koedel U., et al. Matrix metalloproteinases contribute to the blood-brain barrier disruption during bacterial meningitis. Annals of Neurology 1998;44:592-600.
    • (1998) Annals of Neurology , vol.44 , pp. 592-600
    • Paul, R.1    Lorenzl, S.2    Koedel, U.3
  • 40
    • 0035852835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Independent HIV replication in paired CSF and blood viral isolates during antiretroviral therapy
    • Stingele K., Haas J., Zimmermann T., et al. Independent HIV replication in paired CSF and blood viral isolates during antiretroviral therapy. Neurology 2001;56:355-61.
    • (2001) Neurology , vol.56 , pp. 355-361
    • Stingele, K.1    Haas, J.2    Zimmermann, T.3
  • 41
    • 33745103895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The development and trafficking of multi-drug resistant HIV in plasma and CSF during the failure of combination antiviral therapy
    • Wong J.K., Günthard H.F., Ellis R.J., et al. The development and trafficking of multi-drug resistant HIV in plasma and CSF during the failure of combination antiviral therapy. Antiviral Therapy 1999;4 (1):76-7.
    • (1999) Antiviral Therapy , vol.4 , Issue.1 , pp. 76-77
    • Wong, J.K.1    Günthard, H.F.2    Ellis, R.J.3
  • 42
    • 0034895225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemokines and their receptors in the central nervous system
    • Bajetto A., Bonavia R., Barbero S., et al. Chemokines and their receptors in the central nervous system. Front Neuroendocrinol 2001;22:147-84.
    • (2001) Front Neuroendocrinol , vol.22 , pp. 147-184
    • Bajetto, A.1    Bonavia, R.2    Barbero, S.3
  • 43
    • 0036734848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of chemokines and their receptors in the central nervous system: Physiopathological implications
    • Bajetto A., Bonavia R., Barbero S., Schettini G, Characterization of chemokines and their receptors in the central nervous system: physiopathological implications. Journal of Neurochemistry 2002;82:1311-29.
    • (2002) Journal of Neurochemistry , vol.82 , pp. 1311-1329
    • Bajetto, A.1    Bonavia, R.2    Barbero, S.3    Schettini, G.4
  • 45
    • 0032103638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemokine receptors in HIV-1 infection of the central nervous system
    • Gabuzda D., He J., Ohagen A., Vallat A.V. Chemokine receptors in HIV-1 infection of the central nervous system. Seminars in Immunology 1998;10:203-13.
    • (1998) Seminars in Immunology , vol.10 , pp. 203-213
    • Gabuzda, D.1    He, J.2    Ohagen, A.3    Vallat, A.V.4
  • 46
    • 0036733609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropathogenesis of lentiviral infection in macaques: Roles of CXCR4 and CCR5 viruses and interleukin-4 in enhancing monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 production in macrophages
    • Hicks A., Potula R., Sui Y.J., et al. Neuropathogenesis of lentiviral infection in macaques: roles of CXCR4 and CCR5 viruses and interleukin-4 in enhancing monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 production in macrophages. American Journal of Pathology 2002;161:813-22.
    • (2002) American Journal of Pathology , vol.161 , pp. 813-822
    • Hicks, A.1    Potula, R.2    Sui, Y.J.3
  • 47
    • 0345310026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The HIV envelope protein gp 120 in the nervous system: Interactions with nitric oxide, interleukin-1BETA and nerve growth factor signaling, with pathological implications in vivo and in vitro
    • Corasaniti M.T., Bagetta G, Rotiroti D., Nisticò G. The HIV envelope protein gp 120 in the nervous system: interactions with nitric oxide, interleukin-1BETA and nerve growth factor signaling, with pathological implications in vivo and in vitro. Biochemistry Phamacol 1998;56:153-6.
    • (1998) Biochemistry Phamacol , vol.56 , pp. 153-156
    • Corasaniti, M.T.1    Bagetta, G.2    Rotiroti, D.3    Nisticò, G.4
  • 48
    • 0028090459 scopus 로고
    • Gp 120 neurotoxicity in primary cortical cultures
    • Dawson T.M., Dawson V.L. Gp 120 neurotoxicity in primary cortical cultures. Advances in Neuroimmunology 1994;4; 167-73.
    • (1994) Advances in Neuroimmunology , vol.4 , pp. 167-173
    • Dawson, T.M.1    Dawson, V.L.2
  • 49
    • 0036284944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Through a glass, darkly: Cerebrospinal fluid viral load measurements and the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus infection of the central nervous system
    • Tyler K.L., McArthur J.C. Through a glass, darkly: cerebrospinal fluid viral load measurements and the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus infection of the central nervous system. Archives of Neurology 2002;59:909-12.
    • (2002) Archives of Neurology , vol.59 , pp. 909-912
    • Tyler, K.L.1    McArthur, J.C.2
  • 50
    • 0035669481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemokines and central nervous system disorders
    • Karpus W.J. Chemokines and central nervous system disorders. Journal of Neurovirology 2001;7:493-500.
    • (2001) Journal of Neurovirology , vol.7 , pp. 493-500
    • Karpus, W.J.1
  • 52
    • 0033173462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebrospinal fluid beta chemokine concentrations in neurocognitively impaired individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1
    • Letendre S.L., Lanier E.R., McCutchan J.A. Cerebrospinal fluid beta chemokine concentrations in neurocognitively impaired individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Journal of Infectious Diseases 1999;180:310-9.
    • (1999) Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.180 , pp. 310-319
    • Letendre, S.L.1    Lanier, E.R.2    McCutchan, J.A.3
  • 53
  • 54
    • 0032880444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathobiology of human immunodeficiency virus dementia
    • Nath A. Pathobiology of human immunodeficiency virus dementia. Seminnars of Neurology 1999;19:113-27.
    • (1999) Seminnars of Neurology , vol.19 , pp. 113-127
    • Nath, A.1
  • 55
    • 0033819719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr induces apoptosis in human neuronal cells
    • Patel C.A., Mukhtar M., Pomerantz R.J. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr induces apoptosis in human neuronal cells. Journal of Virology 2000;74:9717-26.
    • (2000) Journal of Virology , vol.74 , pp. 9717-9726
    • Patel, C.A.1    Mukhtar, M.2    Pomerantz, R.J.3
  • 56
    • 0027257418 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral white matter changes in Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome dementia: Alterations of the blood brain barrier
    • Power C., Kong P.A., Crawford T.O., et al. Cerebral white matter changes in Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome dementia: alterations of the blood brain barrier. Annals of Neurology 1993;34:339-50.
    • (1993) Annals of Neurology , vol.34 , pp. 339-3350
    • Power, C.1    Kong, P.A.2    Crawford, T.O.3
  • 57
    • 0030191456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropathology of human immunodeficiency virus: Questions and answers
    • Petito C.K. Neuropathology of human immunodeficiency virus: questions and answers. Human Pathology 1996:27;623-4.
    • (1996) Human Pathology , vol.27 , pp. 623-624
    • Petito, C.K.1
  • 58
    • 0035847260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Upregulation of glial clustering in brains of patients with AIDS
    • Torres-Munoz J.E., Redondo M. Czeisler C., et al. Upregulation of glial clustering in brains of patients with AIDS. Brain Research 2001;888:297-301.
    • (2001) Brain Research , vol.888 , pp. 297-301
    • Torres-Munoz, J.E.1    Redondo, M.2    Czeisler, C.3
  • 59
    • 0032814250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes to AIDS dementia complex in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy
    • Dore G.J., Correll P.K., Li Y., Kaldor J.M., et al. Changes to AIDS dementia complex in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 1999; 13:1249-53.
    • (1999) AIDS , vol.13 , pp. 1249-1253
    • Dore, G.J.1    Correll, P.K.2    Li, Y.3    Kaldor, J.M.4
  • 60
    • 0023653869 scopus 로고
    • Glia and the blood-brain barrier
    • Abbott N.J. Glia and the blood-brain barrier. Nature 1987;325:195.
    • (1987) Nature , vol.325 , pp. 195
    • Abbott, N.J.1
  • 61
    • 0029961521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical confirmation of the American Academy of Neurology algorithm for HIV-1 associated cognitive/motor disorder
    • Dana Consortium on therapy for HIV dementia and related cognitive disorders
    • Dana Consortium on therapy for HIV dementia and related cognitive disorders. Clinical confirmation of the American Academy of Neurology algorithm for HIV-1 associated cognitive/motor disorder. Neurology 1996;47:1247-53.
    • (1996) Neurology , vol.47 , pp. 1247-1253
  • 62
    • 0035940620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV in the brain: RNA levels and patterns of zidovudine resistance
    • McClernon D.R., Lanier R., Gartner S., et al. HIV in the brain: RNA levels and patterns of zidovudine resistance. Neurology 2001;57:1396-401.
    • (2001) Neurology , vol.57 , pp. 1396-1401
    • McClernon, D.R.1    Lanier, R.2    Gartner, S.3
  • 63
    • 0034464142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurological symptoms during primary human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection correlate with high levels of HIV RNA in cerebrospinal fluid
    • Tambussi G, Gori A.,Capiluppi B., et al. Neurological symptoms during primary human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection correlate with high levels of HIV RNA in cerebrospinal fluid. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2000;30:962-5.
    • (2000) Clinical Infectious Diseases , vol.30 , pp. 962-965
    • Tambussi, G.1    Gori, A.2    Capiluppi, B.3
  • 64
    • 15144358328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebrospinal fluid human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA levels are elevated in neurocognitively impaired individuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
    • HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center Group
    • Ellis R.J., Hsia K., Spector S.A., et al. Cerebrospinal fluid human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA levels are elevated in neurocognitively impaired individuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center Group. Annals of Neurology 1997;42:679-88.
    • (1997) Annals of Neurology , vol.42 , pp. 679-688
    • Ellis, R.J.1    Hsia, K.2    Spector, S.A.3
  • 65
    • 0036279512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progression to neuropsychological impairment in Human immunodeficiency virus infection predicted by elevated cerebrospinal fluid levels of Human Immunodeficiency virus RNA
    • Ellis R.J., Moore D.J., Childers M.E., et al. Progression to neuropsychological impairment in Human immunodeficiency virus infection predicted by elevated cerebrospinal fluid levels of Human Immunodeficiency virus RNA. Archives of Neurology 2002;59:923-8.
    • (2002) Archives of Neurology , vol.59 , pp. 923-928
    • Ellis, R.J.1    Moore, D.J.2    Childers, M.E.3
  • 66
    • 0034283069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The two faces of HIV infection of cerebrospinal fluid: Response
    • Zink M.C., Clements J.E. The two faces of HIV infection of cerebrospinal fluid: response. Trends in Microbiology 2000;8:390-1.
    • (2000) Trends in Microbiology , vol.8 , pp. 390-391
    • Zink, M.C.1    Clements, J.E.2
  • 67
    • 0027372880 scopus 로고
    • Dementia in AIDS patients: Incidence and risk factors
    • McArthur J.C., Hoover D.R., Bacellar M.A., et al. Dementia in AIDS patients: incidence and risk factors. Neurology 1993;43:2245-52.
    • (1993) Neurology , vol.43 , pp. 2245-2252
    • McArthur, J.C.1    Hoover, D.R.2    Bacellar, M.A.3
  • 68
    • 0024376631 scopus 로고
    • Declining incidence of AIDS dementia complex after introduction of zidovudine treatment
    • Portegies P., de Gans J., Lange J.M., et al. Declining incidence of AIDS dementia complex after introduction of zidovudine treatment. British Medical Journal 1989:299;819-21.
    • (1989) British Medical Journal , vol.299 , pp. 819-821
    • Portegies, P.1    de Gans, J.2    Lange, J.M.3
  • 69
    • 0030317628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survival in HIV-infected patients who have received zidovudine: Comparison of combination therapy with sequential monotherapy and continued zidovudine monotherapy
    • Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study Group
    • Graham N.M., Hoover D.R., Park L.P., et al. Survival in HIV-infected patients who have received zidovudine: comparison of combination therapy with sequential monotherapy and continued zidovudine monotherapy. Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study Group. Annals of Internal Medicine 1996;124:1031-8.
    • (1996) Annals of Internal Medicine , vol.124 , pp. 1031-1038
    • Graham, N.M.1    Hoover, D.R.2    Park, L.P.3
  • 70
    • 1842607685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eficacy of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in antiretroviral therapy naïve and experienced patients coinfected with HIV-1 and Hepatitis B Virus
    • Dore G.J., Cooper D.A., Pozniak A.L., et al. Eficacy of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in antiretroviral therapy naïve and experienced patients coinfected with HIV-1 and Hepatitis B Virus. Journal of Infectious Diseases 2004; 189:1185-92.
    • (2004) Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.189 , pp. 1185-1192
    • Dore, G.J.1    Cooper, D.A.2    Pozniak, A.L.3
  • 71
    • 0033549114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combination antiretroviral therapy improves psychomotor speed performance in HIV-seropositive homossexual men. Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS)
    • Sacktor N.C., Lyles R.H., Skolasky R.L., et al. Combination antiretroviral therapy improves psychomotor speed performance in HIV-seropositive homossexual men. Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS). Neurology 1999;52:1640-7.
    • (1999) Neurology , vol.52 , pp. 1640-1647
    • Sacktor, N.C.1    Lyles, R.H.2    Skolasky, R.L.3
  • 72
    • 0033897170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence and prevalence of neurological disorders associated with HIV since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)
    • Maschke M., Kastrup O., Esser S., et al. Incidence and prevalence of neurological disorders associated with HIV since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 2000;69:376-80.
    • (2000) Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry , vol.69 , pp. 376-380
    • Maschke, M.1    Kastrup, O.2    Esser, S.3
  • 74
    • 0034723366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV infection and dementia
    • Gartner S. HIV infection and dementia. Science 2000;287:602-4.
    • (2000) Science , vol.287 , pp. 602-604
    • Gartner, S.1
  • 75
    • 0021984666 scopus 로고
    • Isolation of DIDS associated retroviruses from cerebrospinal fluid and brain of patients with neurological symptoms
    • Levy J.A., Hollander H., Shimabukuro J., Mills J. Isolation of DIDS associated retroviruses from cerebrospinal fluid and brain of patients with neurological symptoms. Lancet 1985;14:586-8.
    • (1985) Lancet , vol.14 , pp. 586-588
    • Levy, J.A.1    Hollander, H.2    Shimabukuro, J.3    Mills, J.4
  • 77
    • 0031822815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for management of HIV associated dementia, myelopathy, neuropathy and myopathy
    • Harrison M.J.G. Guidelines for management of HIV associated dementia, myelopathy, neuropathy and myopathy. Internal Journal of STD & AIDS 1998;9:390-3.
    • (1998) Internal Journal of STD & AIDS , vol.9 , pp. 390-393
    • Harrison, M.J.G.1
  • 81
    • 0030752505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NeuroAIDS: Diagnosis and management
    • McArthur J.C. NeuroAIDS: diagnosis and management. Hosp Pract 1997;15:73-97.
    • (1997) Hosp Pract , vol.15 , pp. 73-97
    • McArthur, J.C.1
  • 82
    • 0035852874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical trials in HIV-associated cognitive impairment: Cognitive and functional outcomes
    • Schifitto G., Kieburtz K., McDermott M.P., et al. Clinical trials in HIV-associated cognitive impairment: cognitive and functional outcomes. Neurology 2001;56:415-8.
    • (2001) Neurology , vol.56 , pp. 415-418
    • Schifitto, G.1    Kieburtz, K.2    McDermott, M.P.3
  • 83
    • 0025630705 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of AIDS-related cognitive changes: Recommendations of the NIMH Workshop on Neuropsychological Assessment Approaches
    • Butters N., Grant I., Haxby J., et al. Assessment of AIDS-related cognitive changes: recommendations of the NIMH Workshop on Neuropsychological Assessment Approaches. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology 1990;12:963-78.
    • (1990) Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology , vol.12 , pp. 963-978
    • Butters, N.1    Grant, I.2    Haxby, J.3
  • 84
    • 0029295139 scopus 로고
    • The HNRC 500 neuropsychology of HIV infection at different disease stages. HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center
    • Heaton R.K., Grant I., Butters N., et al. The HNRC 500 neuropsychology of HIV infection at different disease stages. HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 1995;1:231-51.
    • (1995) Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , vol.1 , pp. 231-251
    • Heaton, R.K.1    Grant, I.2    Butters, N.3
  • 85
    • 33745808234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacology of antiretroviral drugs in the central nervous system: Pharmacokinetics, antiretroviral resistance, and pharmacodynamics
    • Second Edition. Gendelman H., Grant I., Everall I., Lipton S., and Swindells S. (eds.). Oxford University Press
    • McCutchan J.A., Letendre S. Pharmacology of antiretroviral drugs in the central nervous system: pharmacokinetics, antiretroviral resistance, and pharmacodynamics. In Neurology of AIDS, Second Edition. Gendelman H., Grant I., Everall I., Lipton S., and Swindells S. (eds.). Oxford University Press, 2005.
    • (2005) Neurology of AIDS
    • McCutchan, J.A.1    Letendre, S.2
  • 86
    • 7744226571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiretroviral therapy in HIV infection: Are neurologically active drugs important?
    • Lucette A.J., Cysique M.A., Maruff P., Brew J.B. Antiretroviral therapy in HIV infection: are neurologically active drugs important? Arch Neurol 2004;61:1699-704.
    • (2004) Arch Neurol , vol.61 , pp. 1699-1704
    • Lucette, A.J.1    Cysique, M.A.2    Maruff, P.3    Brew, J.B.4
  • 87
    • 4444273727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhancing antiretroviral therapy for human immunodeficiency virus cognitive disorders
    • Letendre S.L., McCutchan J.A., Childers M.E., et al. Enhancing antiretroviral therapy for human immunodeficiency virus cognitive disorders. Ann Neurol 2004;56:416-23.
    • (2004) Ann Neurol , vol.56 , pp. 416-423
    • Letendre, S.L.1    McCutchan, J.A.2    Childers, M.E.3
  • 88
    • 0031865190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypothesis on the pathogenesis of vacuolar myelopathy, dementia and peripheral neuropathy in AIDS
    • Tan S.V, Guiloff R.J. Hypothesis on the pathogenesis of vacuolar myelopathy, dementia and peripheral neuropathy in AIDS. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 1998;65:23-8.
    • (1998) Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry , vol.65 , pp. 23-28
    • Tan, S.V.1    Guiloff, R.J.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.