Entrepreneurial alliances and networks

Handbook of Strategic Alliances

Volumn , Issue , 2006, Pages 333-352

  Ireland, R Duane ^a,b   Hitt, Michael A ^c,d   Webb, Justin W ^e  

^a TEXAS A AND M UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Academy of Management Executive   (United States)

^c TEXAS A AND M UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d Strategic Management Society   (United States)

^e NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 33646394307     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4135/9781452231075.n18     Document Type: Chapter

References (108)

1. Ahuja, G. (2000). The duality of collaboration: Inducements and opportunities in the formation of interfirm linkages. Strategic Management Journal, 21, 317-343. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(200003)21:3<317::AID-SMJ90>3.0.CO;2-B http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/%28SICI%291097-0266%28200003%2921:3%3C317::AID-SMJ90%3E3.0.CO;2-B
2. Alvarez, S. A., & Barney, J. B. (2001). How entrepreneurial firms can benefit from alliances with large partners. Academy of Management Executive, 15, 139-148. doi:10.5465/AME.2001.4251563 http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/AME.2001.4251563
3. Alvarez, S. A., & Barney, J. B. (2002). Resource-based theory and the entrepreneurial firm. In M. A. Hitt, R. D. Ireland, S. M. Camp, & D. L. Sexton (Eds.), Strategic entrepreneurship: Creating a new mindset (pp. 89-105). Oxford: Blackwell.
4. Bachmann, R. (2001). Trust, power, and control in trans-organizational relations. Organization Studies, 22, 337-365. doi:10.1177/0170840601222007 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0170840601222007
5. Bamford, J., & Ernst, D. (2002). Managing an alliance portfolio. McKinsey Quarterly, 3, 29-39.
6. Barney, J. B. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17, 99-120. doi:10.1177/014920639101700108 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108
7. Birnberg, J. G. (1998). Control in interfirm co-operative relationships. Journal of Management Studies, 35, 421-428. doi:10.1111/1467-6486.00102 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-6486.00102
8. Burgelman, R. (1983). Corporate entrepreneurship and strategic management: Insights from a process study. Management Science, 29, 1349-1363. doi:10.1287/mnsc.29.12.1349 http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.29.12.1349
9. Calof, J. G. (1993). The impact of size on internationalization. Journal of Small Business Management, 3(4), 60-69.
10. Chandler, G. N. (1993). Reward perceptions and the performance of emerging technology dependent and non-technology dependent manufacturing firms. Journal of High Technology Management Research, 4(1), 63-76. doi:10.1016/1047-8310(93)90014-7 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1047-8310%2893%2990014-7
11. Chandler, G. N., Keller, C., & Lyon, D. W. (2000). Unraveling the determinants and consequences of an innovative-supportive organizational culture. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 25(1), 59-76.
12. Cheng, J. L. C., & Kesner, I. F. (1997). Organizational slack and response to environmental shifts: The impact of resource allocation patterns. Journal of Management, 23, 1-18. doi:10.1177/014920639702300101 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014920639702300101
13. Child, J., & Faulkner, D. (1998). Strategies for cooperation: Managing alliances, networks and joint ventures. New York: Oxford University Press.
14. Cohen, W. M., & Levinthal, D. A. 1990. Absorptive capacity: A new perspective on learning and innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35, 128-152. doi:10.2307/2393553 http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2393553
15. Colombo, M. G. (2003). Alliance form: A test of the contractual and competence perspectives. Strategic Management Journal, 24, 1209-1229. doi:10.1002/smj.353 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smj.353
16. Covin, J. G., Ireland, R. D., & Kuratko, D. F. (2004). The exploration and exploitation functions of corporate venturing. Working Paper, Indiana University.
17. Covin, J. G., & Slevin, D. P. (1989). The strategic management of small firms in hostile and benign environments. Strategic Management Journal, 10, 75-87. doi:10.1002/smj.4250100107 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250100107
18. Cox, A. (2001a). The power perspective in procurement and supply management. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 37, 4-7. doi:10.1111/j.1745-493X.2001.tb00093.x http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-493X.2001.tb00093.x
19. Cox, A. (2001b). Managing with power: Strategies for improving value appropriation from supply relationships. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 37, 42-47. doi:10.1111/j.1745-493X.2001.tb00099.x http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-493X.2001.tb00099.x
20. Currall, S. C., & Inkpen, A. C. (2002). A multilevel approach to trust in joint ventures. Journal of International Business Studies, 33, 479-495. doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8491027 http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8491027
21. Das, T. K., & Teng, B. (1996). Risk types and inter-firm alliance structures. Journal of Management Studies, 33, 827-843. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6486.1996.tb00174.x http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.1996.tb00174.x
22. Das, T. K., & Teng, B. (1998a). Resource and risk management in the strategic alliance making process. Journal of Management, 24, 21-42.
23. Das, T. K., & Teng, B. (1998b). Between trust and control: Developing confidence in partner cooperation in alliances. Academy of Management Review, 23, 491-512.
24. Das, T. K., & Teng, B. (2000). A resource-based theory of strategic alliances. Journal of Management, 26, 31-61.
25. Dougherty, D. (1990). Understanding new markets for new products. Strategic Management Journal, 11, 59-78. doi:10.1002/smj.v11:1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smj.v11:1
26. Dougherty, D., & Hardy, C. (1996). Sustained product innovation in large, mature organizations: Overcoming innovation-to-organization problems. Academy of Management Journal, 39, 1120-1153. doi:10.2307/256994 http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/256994
27. Dwyer, R. F., Schurr, P. H., & Oh, S. (1987). Developing buyer-seller relationships. Journal of Marketing, 51, 11-27. doi:10.2307/1251126 http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1251126
28. Dyer, J. H., & Singh, H. (1998). The relational view: Cooperative strategy and sources of interorganizational competitive advantage. Academy of Management Review, 23, 660-679.
29. Freeman, J., Carroll, G. R., & Hannan, M. T. (1983). The liability of newness: Age dependence in organizational death rates. American Sociological Review, 48, 692-710. doi:10.2307/2094928 http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2094928
30. Garcia-Canal, E., Duarte, C. L., Criado, J. R., & Llaneza, A. V. (2002). Time compression diseconomies in accelerated global alliances. Management Decision, 40, 745-754. doi:10.1108/00251740210437716 http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00251740210437716
31. Gargiulo, M., & Benassi, M. (1999). The dark side of social capital. In R. Th. A. J. Leenders & S. M. Gabbay (Eds.), Corporate social capital and liability (pp. 298-321). Boston: Kluwer Academic.
32. George, G., Zahra, S. A., Wheatley, K. K., & Khan, R. (2001). The effects of alliance portfolio characteristics and absorptive capacity on performance: A study of biotechnology firms. Journal of High Technology Management Research, 12, 205-226. doi:10.1016/S1047-8310(01)00037-2 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1047-8310%2801%2900037-2
33. Gulati, R. (1995a). Does familiarity breed trust? The implications of repeated ties for contractual choice in alliances. Academy of Management Journal, 38, 85-112. doi:10.2307/256729 http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/256729
34. Gulati, R. (1995b). Social structure and alliance formation patterns: A longitudinal analysis. Administrative Science Quarterly, 40, 619-652. doi:10.2307/2393756 http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2393756
35. Gulati, R., & Singh, H. (1998). The architecture of cooperation: Managing coordination costs and appropriation concerns in strategic alliances. Administrative Science Quarterly, 43, 781-814. doi:10.2307/2393616 http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2393616
36. Hamel, G. (1991). Competition for competence and inter-partner learning within international global alliances. Strategic Management Journal, 12, 83-103. doi:10.1002/smj.4250120908 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250120908
37. Hannan, M. T., & Freeman, J. (1984). Structural inertia and organizational change. American Sociological Review, 49, 149-164. doi:10.2307/2095567 http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2095567
38. Harrison, J. S., Hitt, M. A., Hoskisson, R. E., & Ireland, R. D. (1991). Synergies and post-acquisition performance: Differences versus similarities in resource allocations. Journal of Management, 17, 173-190. doi:10.1177/014920639101700111 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700111
39. Harrison, J. S., Hitt, M. A., Hoskisson, R. E., & Ireland, R. D. (2001). Resource complementarity in business combinations: Extending the logic to organizational alliances. Journal of Management, 27, 679-690. doi:10.1177/014920630102700605 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014920630102700605
40. Hart, P., & Saunders, C. (1997). Power and trust: Critical factors in the adoption and use of electronic data interchange. Organization Science, 8, 23-42. doi:10.1287/orsc.8.1.23 http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/orsc.8.1.23
41. Hennart, J. F. (1991). The transactions cost theory of joint ventures: An empirical study of Japanese subsidiaries in the USA. Management Science, 37, 483-497. doi:10.1287/mnsc.37.4.483 http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.37.4.483
42. Hitt, M. A., Dacin, M. T., Levitas, E., Arregle, J. L., & Borza, B. (2000). Partner selection in emerging and developed market contexts: Resource-based and organizational learning perspectives. Academy of Management Journal, 43, 449-467. doi:10.2307/1556404 http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1556404
43. Hitt, M. A., Ireland, R. D., Camp, S. M., & Sexton, D. L. (2001). Strategic entrepreneurship: Entrepreneurial strategies for wealth creation [guest editors’ introduction to the special issue]. Strategic Management Journal, 22, 479-491. doi:10.1002/smj.196 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smj.196
44. Hitt, M. A., Ireland, R. D., Camp, S. M., & Sexton, D. L. (2002). Strategic entrepreneurship: Integrating entrepreneurial and strategic management perspectives. In M. A. Hitt, R. D. Ireland, S. M. Camp, & D. L. Sexton (Eds.), Strategic entrepreneurship: Creating a new mindset (pp. 1-16). Oxford: Blackwell. doi:10.1111/b.9780631234104.2002.x http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/b.9780631234104.2002.x
45. Hitt, M. A., Li, H., & Worthington, W. (2004, June). Emerging markets as a source of learning: Managing knowledge flows between emerging market firms and foreign partners. Paper presented at the International Association for Chinese Management Research, Beijing.
46. Hitt, M. A., & Reed, T. (2000). Entrepreneurship in the new competitive landscape. In G. D. Meyer, & K. Heppard (Eds.), Entrepreneurship as strategy: Competing on the entrepreneurial edge (pp. 23-48). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. doi:10.4135/9781452231280 http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781452231280
47. Inkpen, A. C. (1998). Learning and knowledge acquisition through international strategic alliances. Academy of Management Executive, 12, 69-80. doi:10.5465/AME.1998.1333953 http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/AME.1998.1333953
48. Inkpen, A. C. (2000). Learning through joint ventures: A framework of knowledge acquisitions. Journal of Management Studies, 37, 1019-1043. doi:10.1111/1467-6486.00215 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-6486.00215
49. Inkpen, A. C., & Ross, J. (2001). Why do some strategic alliances persist beyond their useful life? California Management Review, 44, 132-148.
50. Ireland, R. D., Hitt, M. A., Camp, S. M., & Sexton, D. L. (2001). Integrating entrepreneurship and strategic management action to create firm wealth. Academy of Management Executive, 15(1), 49-63. doi:10.5465/AME.2001.4251393 http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/AME.2001.4251393
51. Ireland, R. D., Hitt, M. A., & Sirmon, D. G. (2003). A model of strategic entrepreneurship: The construct and its dimensions. Journal of Management, 29, 1-26.
52. Ireland, R. D., Hitt, M. A., & Vaidyanath, D. (2002). Alliance management as a source of competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 28, 413-446. doi:10.1177/014920630202800308 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014920630202800308
53. Ireland, R. D., & Webb, J. W. (in press). International entrepreneurship in emerging economies: A resource-based perspective. In A. Cooper, S. Alvarez, A. Carrera, L. Mesquita, & R. Vassolo (Eds.), Entrepreneurship and innovation in emerging economies. Oxford: Blackwell.
54. Kazanjian, R. K., Drazin, R., & Glynn, M. A. (2002). Implementing strategies for corporate entrepreneurship: A knowledge-based perspective. In M. A. Hitt, R. D. Ireland, S. M. Camp, & D. L. Sexton (Eds.), Strategic entrepreneurship: Creating a new mindset (pp. 173-199). Oxford: Blackwell.
55. Kern, H. (2000). Lack of trust, surfeit of trust: Some causes of the innovation crisis in German industry. In C. Lane & R. Bachmann (Eds.), Trust within and between organizations: Conceptual issues and empirical applications (pp. 203-213). New York: Oxford University Press.
56. Khanna, T., Gulati, R., & Nohria, N. (1998). The dynamics of learning alliances: Competition, cooperation, and relative scope. Strategic Management Journal, 19, 193-210. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199803)19:3<193::AID-SMJ949>3.0.CO;2-C http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/%28SICI%291097-0266%28199803%2919:3%3C193::AID-SMJ949%3E3.0.CO;2-C
57. Koestler, A. (1964). The act of creation. New York: Dell.
58. Koka, B. R., & Prescott, J. E. (2002). Strategic alliances as social capital: A multidimensional view. Strategic Management Journal, 23, 795-816. doi:10.1002/smj.252 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smj.252
59. Koza, M. P., & Lewin, A. Y. (1998). The co-evolution of strategic alliances. Organization Science, 9, 255-264. doi:10.1287/orsc.9.3.255 http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/orsc.9.3.255
60. Koza, M., & Lewin, A. (2000). Managing partnerships and strategic alliances: Raising the odds of success. European Management Journal, 18, 146-151. doi:10.1016/S0263-2373(99)00086-9 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0263-2373%2899%2900086-9
61. Lane, C., & Bachmann, R. (1997). Co-operation in inter-firm relations in Britain and Germany: The role of social institutions. British Journal of Sociology, 48, 1997. doi:10.2307/591750 http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/591750
62. Lane, P. J., & Lubatkin, M. (1998). Relative absorptive capacity and interorganizational learning. Strategic Management Journal, 19, 461-477. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199805)19:5<461::AID-SMJ953>3.0.CO;2-L http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/%28SICI%291097-0266%28199805%2919:5%3C461::AID-SMJ953%3E3.0.CO;2-L
63. Lee, H., Smith, K. G., Grimm, C. M., & Schomburg, A. (2000). Timing, order, and durability of new product advantages with imitation. Strategic Management Journal, 21, 23-30. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(200001)21:1<23::AID-SMJ64>3.0.CO;2-0 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/%28SICI%291097-0266%28200001%2921:1%3C23::AID-SMJ64%3E3.0.CO;2-0
64. Leiblein, M. J., & Reuer, J. J. (2004). Building a foreign sales base: The roles of capabilities and alliances for entrepreneurial firms. Journal of Business Venturing, 19, 285-307. doi:10.1016/S0883-9026(03)00031-4 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026%2803%2900031-4
65. Levinthal, D. A., & Fichman, D. (1988). Dynamics of interorganizational attachments: Auditor-client relationships. Administrative Science Quarterly, 33, 345-369. doi:10.2307/2392713 http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2392713
66. Levinthal, D. A., & March, J. G. (1993). The myopia of learning. Strategic Management Journal, 14, 95-112. doi:10.1002/smj.4250141009 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250141009
67. Lieberman, M. B., & Montgomery, D. B. (1988). First-mover advantages. Strategic Management Journal, 9, 41-58. doi:10.1002/smj.4250090706 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250090706
68. Lieberman, M. B., & Montgomery, D. B. (1998). First-mover (dis)advantages: Retrospective and link with the resource-based view. Strategic Management Journal, 19, 1111-1125. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(1998120)19:12<1111::AID-SMJ21>3.0.CO;2-W http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/%28SICI%291097-0266%281998120%2919:12%3C1111::AID-SMJ21%3E3.0.CO;2-W
69. Luhmann, N. (1979). Trust and power. Chichester, UK: Wiley.
70. Luo, Y., & Peng, M. W. (1999). Learning to compete in a transition economy: Experience, environment, and performance. Journal of International Business Studies, 30, 269-296. doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490070 http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490070
71. Madhok, A. (1997). Cost, value and foreign market entry mode: The transaction and the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 18, 39-61. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199701)18:1<39::AID-SMJ841>3.0.CO;2-J http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/%28SICI%291097-0266%28199701%2918:1%3C39::AID-SMJ841%3E3.0.CO;2-J
72. March, J. G. (1991). Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning. Organization Science, 2, 71-87. doi:10.1287/orsc.2.1.71 http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2.1.71
73. McGrath, R. G., & MacMillan, I. (2000). The entrepreneurial mindset. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
74. Meyer, G. D., Neck, H. M., & Meeks, M. D. (2002). The entrepreneurship-strategic management interface. In M. A. Hitt, R. D. Ireland, S. M. Camp, & D. L. Sexton (Eds.), Strategic entrepreneurship: Creating a new mindset (pp. 19-44). Oxford: Blackwell.
75. Michael, S., Storey, D., & Thomas, H. (2002). Discovery and coordination in strategic management and entrepreneurship. In M. A. Hitt, R. D. Ireland, S. M. Camp, & D. L. Sexton (Eds.), Strategic entrepreneurship: Creating a new mindset (pp. 45-65). Oxford: Blackwell.
76. Mosakowski, E. (2002). Overcoming resource disadvantages in entrepreneurial firms: When less is more. In M. A. Hitt, R. D. Ireland, S. M. Camp, & D. L. Sexton (Eds.), Strategic entrepreneurship: Creating a new mindset (pp. 106-126). Oxford: Blackwell.
77. Nonaka, I. (1994). A dynamic theory of organizational knowledge creation. Organization Science, 5, 14-37. doi:10.1287/orsc.5.1.14 http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/orsc.5.1.14
78. Pangarkar, N., & Klein, S. (2001). The impacts of alliance purpose and partner similarity on alliance governance. British Journal of Management, 12, 341-353. doi:10.1111/1467-8551.00214 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.00214
79. Parise, S., & Casher, A. (2003). Alliance portfolios: Designing and managing your network of business-partner relationships. Academy of Management Executive, 17, 25-39. doi:10.5465/AME.2003.11851824 http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/AME.2003.11851824
80. Parise, S., & Henderson, J. C. (2001). Knowledge resource exchange in strategic alliances. IBM Systems Journal, 40, 908-924. doi:10.1147/sj.404.0908 http://dx.doi.org/10.1147/sj.404.0908
81. Parkhe, A. (1993). Strategic alliance structuring: A game theoretic and transaction cost examination of interfirm cooperation. Academy of Management Journal, 36, 794-829. doi:10.2307/256759 http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/256759
82. Porter, M. E. 1980. Competitive strategy. New York: Free Press.
83. Portes, A., & Sensenbrenner, J. (1993). Embeddedness and immigration: Notes on the social determinants of economic action. American Journal of Sociology, 98, 1320-1350. doi:10.1086/230191 http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/230191
84. Reddy, S. B., Osborn, R. N., & Hennart, J. F. (2002). The prevalence of equity and non-equity cross-border linkages: Japanese investments and alliances in the United States. Organization Studies, 23, 759-780. doi:10.1177/0170840602235004 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0170840602235004
85. Reuer, J. J. (2004). Entrepreneurial alliances. In M. A. Hitt & R. D. Ireland (Eds.), The Blackwell encyclopedia on management: Entrepreneurship (pp. 64-66). Oxford: Blackwell.
86. Ring, P. S., & Van de Ven, A. H. (1992). Structuring cooperative relationships between organizations. Strategic Management Journal, 13, 483-498. doi:10.1002/smj.4250130702 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250130702
87. Rokkan, A. I., & Haugland, S. A. (2002). Developing relational exchange: Effectiveness and power. European Journal of Marketing, 36, 211-230. doi:10.1108/03090560210412764 http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03090560210412764
88. Rothaermel, F. T., & Deeds, D. L. (2004). Exploration and exploitation alliances in biotechnology: A system of new product development. Strategic Management Journal, 25, 201-221. doi:10.1002/smj.376 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smj.376
89. Sarkar, M. B., Echambadi, R., Cavusgil, S. T., & Aulakh, P. S. (2001). The influence of complementarity, compatibility, and relationship capital on alliance performance. Academy of Marketing Science, 29, 358-373. doi:10.1177/03079450094216 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03079450094216
90. Sharma, P., & Chrisman, J. J. (1999). Toward a reconciliation of the definitional issues in the field of corporate entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 23(3), 11-27.
91. Shimizu, K., & Hitt, M. A. (2004). Strategic flexibility: Organizational preparedness to reverse ineffective strategic decisions, Academy of Management Executive, 18(4), 44-59. doi:10.5465/AME.2004.15268683 http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/AME.2004.15268683
92. Shimizu, K., & Hitt, M. A. (2005). What constrains or facilitates the divestiture of formerly acquired firms? The effects of organizational inertia. Journal of Management, 31, 50-72. doi:10.1177/0149206304271381 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0149206304271381
93. Sirmon, D. G., & Hitt, M. A. (2003). Managing resources: Linking unique resources, management, and wealth creation in family firms. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 27(4), 339-358. doi:10.1111/1540-8520.t01-1-00013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540-8520.t01-1-00013
94. Sirmon, D. G., Hitt, M. A., & Ireland, R. D. (in press). Managing firm resources in dynamic environments to create value: Looking inside the black box. Academy of Management Review.
95. Smith, K. G., & Di Gregorio, D. (2002). Bisociation, discovery, and the role of entrepreneurial action. In M. A. Hitt, R. D. Ireland, S. M. Camp, & D. L. Sexton (Eds.), Strategic entrepreneurship: Creating a new mindset (pp. 129-150). Oxford: Blackwell.
96. Smith-Doerr, L., Owen-Smith, J., Koput, K. W., & Powell, W. W. (1999). Networks and knowledge production: Collaboration and patenting in biotechnology. In R. Th. A. J. Leenders & S. M. Gabbay (Eds.), Corporate social capital and liability (pp. 390-408). Boston: Kluwer Academic.
97. Stinchcombe, A. L. (1965). Social structure and organizations. In J. G. March (Ed.), Handbook of organizations (pp. 142-193). Chicago: Rand-McNally.
98. Teece, D. J. (1986). Profiting from technological innovation: Implications for integration, collaboration, licensing and public policy. Research Policy, 15, 285-305. doi:10.1016/0048-7333(86)90027-2 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0048-7333%2886%2990027-2
99. Thorelli, H. B. (1986). Networks: Between markets and hierarchies. Strategic Management Journal, 7, 37-51. doi:10.1002/smj.4250070105 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250070105
100. Tsai, W. (2001). Knowledge transfer in intraorganizational networks: Effects of network position and absorptive capacity on business unit innovation and performance. Academy of Management Journal, 44, 996-1004. doi:10.2307/3069443 http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3069443
101. Uzzi, B. (1997). Social structure and competition in interfirm networks: The paradox of embeddedness. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42, 35-67. doi:10.2307/2393808 http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2393808
102. Uzzi, B., & Gillespie, J. J. (1999). Corporate social capital and the cost of financial capital: An embeddedness approach. In R. Th. A. J. Leenders & S. M. Gabbay (Eds.), Corporate social capital and liability (pp. 446-459). Boston: Kluwer Academic.
103. Volery, T., & Mensik, S. (1998). The role of trust in creating effective alliances: A managerial perspective. Journal of Business Ethics, 17, 987-994. doi:10.1023/A:1006054912880 http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006054912880
104. Walker, G., Kogut, B., & Shan, W. (1997). Social capital, structural holes and the formation of an industry network. Organization Science, 8, 109-125. doi:10.1287/orsc.8.2.109 http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/orsc.8.2.109
105. Webb, J. W., & Ireland, R. D. (2004). Resource efficiency of start-up ventures: The link to effectiveness in terms of the creative destruction process. Paper presented at the Babson/Kauffman Research Conference.
106. Williams, J. R. (1992). How sustainable is your competitive advantage? California Management Review, 34(3), 29-51.
107. Zahra, S. A., Ireland, R. D., & Hitt, M. A. (2000). International expansion by new venture firms: International diversity, mode of market entry, technological learning, and performance. Academy of Management Journal, 43, 925-950. doi:10.2307/1556420 http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1556420
108. Zand, D. E. (1972). Trust and managerial problem solving. Administrative Science Quarterly, 17, 229-239. doi:10.2307/2393957 http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2393957