-
1
-
-
0035662214
-
Effects of migratory grazers on spatial heterogeneity of soil Nitrogen properties in a grassland ecosystem
-
Augustine, D. J., and D. A. Frank. 2001. Effects of migratory grazers on spatial heterogeneity of soil Nitrogen properties in a grassland ecosystem. Ecology 82:3149-3162.
-
(2001)
Ecology
, vol.82
, pp. 3149-3162
-
-
Augustine, D.J.1
Frank, D.A.2
-
2
-
-
0031786775
-
Ungulate effects on the functional species composition of plant communities: Herbivore selectivity and plant tolerance
-
Augustine, D. J., and S. J. McNaughton. 1998. Ungulate effects on the functional species composition of plant communities: herbivore selectivity and plant tolerance. Journal of Wildlife Management 62:1165-1183.
-
(1998)
Journal of Wildlife Management
, vol.62
, pp. 1165-1183
-
-
Augustine, D.J.1
McNaughton, S.J.2
-
3
-
-
0242308319
-
Herbivore-mediated linkages between aboveground and belowground communities
-
Bardgett, R. D., and D. A. Wardle. 2003. Herbivore-mediated linkages between aboveground and belowground communities. Ecology 84:2258-2268.
-
(2003)
Ecology
, vol.84
, pp. 2258-2268
-
-
Bardgett, R.D.1
Wardle, D.A.2
-
5
-
-
0346899550
-
Cottonwoods, elk, and wolves in the Lamar valley of Yellowstone National Park
-
Beschta, R. L. 2003. Cottonwoods, elk, and wolves in the Lamar valley of Yellowstone National Park. Ecological Applications 13:1295-1309.
-
(2003)
Ecological Applications
, vol.13
, pp. 1295-1309
-
-
Beschta, R.L.1
-
7
-
-
17844381887
-
Responses of elk herd size to fine-scale spatial and temporal variation in the risk of predation by wolves
-
Creel, S., and J. A. Winnie, Jr. 2005. Responses of elk herd size to fine-scale spatial and temporal variation in the risk of predation by wolves. Animal Behavior 69:1181-1189.
-
(2005)
Animal Behavior
, vol.69
, pp. 1181-1189
-
-
Creel, S.1
Winnie Jr., J.A.2
-
9
-
-
0035486347
-
Winter nutritional restriction and simulated body condition of Yellowstone elk and bison before and after the fires of 1988
-
DelGiudice, G. D., R. A. Moen, F. J. Singer, and M. R. Riggs. 2001. Winter nutritional restriction and simulated body condition of Yellowstone elk and bison before and after the fires of 1988. Wildlife Monographs 147:1-62.
-
(2001)
Wildlife Monographs
, vol.147
, pp. 1-62
-
-
DelGiudice, G.D.1
Moen, R.A.2
Singer, F.J.3
Riggs, M.R.4
-
10
-
-
0003540865
-
-
Roberts Rinehart, Inc., Boulder, Colorado, USA
-
Despain, D. G. 1990. Yellowstone vegetation: consequences of environment and history in a natural setting. Roberts Rinehart, Inc., Boulder, Colorado, USA.
-
(1990)
Yellowstone Vegetation: Consequences of Environment and History in a Natural Setting
-
-
Despain, D.G.1
-
11
-
-
18444369359
-
Wolves influence elk movements: Behavior shapes a trophic cascade in Yellowstone National Park
-
Fortin, D., H. L. Beyer, M. S. Boyce, D. W. Smith, T. Duchesne, and J. S. Mao. 2005. Wolves influence elk movements: behavior shapes a trophic cascade in Yellowstone National Park. Ecology 86:1320-1330.
-
(2005)
Ecology
, vol.86
, pp. 1320-1330
-
-
Fortin, D.1
Beyer, H.L.2
Boyce, M.S.3
Smith, D.W.4
Duchesne, T.5
Mao, J.S.6
-
12
-
-
0032450503
-
Ungulate regulation of ecosystem processes in Yellowstone National Park: Direct and feedback effects
-
Frank, D. A. 1998. Ungulate regulation of ecosystem processes in Yellowstone National Park: direct and feedback effects. Wildlife Society Bulletin 26:410-418.
-
(1998)
Wildlife Society Bulletin
, vol.26
, pp. 410-418
-
-
Frank, D.A.1
-
13
-
-
0001190768
-
Consumer control of grassland plant production
-
Frank, D. A., M. M. Kuns, and D. R. Guido. 2002. Consumer control of grassland plant production. Ecology 83:602-606.
-
(2002)
Ecology
, vol.83
, pp. 602-606
-
-
Frank, D.A.1
Kuns, M.M.2
Guido, D.R.3
-
14
-
-
0031839764
-
The ecology of the earth's grazing ecosystems: Profound functional similarities exist between the Serengeti and Yellowstone
-
Frank, D. A., S. J. McNaughton, and B. F. Tracy. 1998. The ecology of the earth's grazing ecosystems: profound functional similarities exist between the Serengeti and Yellowstone. BioScience 48:513-521.
-
(1998)
BioScience
, vol.48
, pp. 513-521
-
-
Frank, D.A.1
McNaughton, S.J.2
Tracy, B.F.3
-
15
-
-
33646091077
-
Generalizing wolf effects across the Greater Yellowstone Area: A cautionary note
-
In press
-
Garrott, R. A., J. A. Gude, E. J. Bergman, C. N. Gower, P. J. White, and K. L. Hamlin. In press. Generalizing wolf effects across the Greater Yellowstone Area: a cautionary note. Wildlife Society Bulletin.
-
Wildlife Society Bulletin
-
-
Garrott, R.A.1
Gude, J.A.2
Bergman, E.J.3
Gower, C.N.4
White, P.J.5
Hamlin, K.L.6
-
16
-
-
15544363266
-
Adaptive behavioral strategies
-
D. E. Toweill and J. W. Thomas, editors. Smithsonian Institution Press and Wildlife Management Institute, Washington, D.C., USA
-
Geist, V. 2002. Adaptive behavioral strategies. Pages 389-434 in D. E. Toweill and J. W. Thomas, editors. North American elk: ecology and management. Smithsonian Institution Press and Wildlife Management Institute, Washington, D.C., USA.
-
(2002)
North American Elk: Ecology and Management
, pp. 389-434
-
-
Geist, V.1
-
18
-
-
41049098948
-
The effects of temporal variation in predation risk on anti-predator behaviour: An empirical test using marine snails
-
Hamilton, W. D., and M. R. Heithaus. 2001. The effects of temporal variation in predation risk on anti-predator behaviour: an empirical test using marine snails. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 268:2585-2588.
-
(2001)
Proceedings of the Royal Society of London
, vol.268
, pp. 2585-2588
-
-
Hamilton, W.D.1
Heithaus, M.R.2
-
19
-
-
0030417343
-
Modification of ecosystems by ungulates
-
Hobbs, N. T. 1996. Modification of ecosystems by ungulates. Journal of Wildlife Management 60:695-713.
-
(1996)
Journal of Wildlife Management
, vol.60
, pp. 695-713
-
-
Hobbs, N.T.1
-
20
-
-
0002301687
-
Ungulate grazing in sagebrush grassland: Mechanisms of resource competition
-
Hobbs, N. T., D. L. Baker, G. D. Bear, and D. C. Bowden. 1996. Ungulate grazing in sagebrush grassland: mechanisms of resource competition. Ecological Applications 6:200-217.
-
(1996)
Ecological Applications
, vol.6
, pp. 200-217
-
-
Hobbs, N.T.1
Baker, D.L.2
Bear, G.D.3
Bowden, D.C.4
-
21
-
-
0003914186
-
-
Alaska Biological Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Anchorage, Alaska, USA
-
Hooge, P. N., and B. Eichenlaub. 1997. Animal movement extension to ArcView. Version 1. 1. Alaska Biological Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Anchorage, Alaska, USA.
-
(1997)
Animal Movement Extension to ArcView. Version 1. 1
-
-
Hooge, P.N.1
Eichenlaub, B.2
-
22
-
-
0003508724
-
-
John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, New York, USA
-
Hosmer, D. W., and S. Lemeshow. 2000. Applied logistic regression. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, New York, USA.
-
(2000)
Applied Logistic Regression
-
-
Hosmer, D.W.1
Lemeshow, S.2
-
23
-
-
0942292592
-
-
Thesis. Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA
-
Jaffe, R. 2001. Winter wolf predation in an elk-bison system in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. Thesis. Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA.
-
(2001)
Winter Wolf Predation in An Elk-bison System in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming
-
-
Jaffe, R.1
-
24
-
-
0035720185
-
Daily movements and territory use by radio-collared wolves (Canis lupus) in Bialoweiza Primeval Forest in Poland
-
Jȩdrzejewski, W., K. Schmidt, J. Theuerkauf, B. Jȩdrzejewska, and H. Okarma. 2001. Daily movements and territory use by radio-collared wolves (Canis lupus) in Bialoweiza Primeval Forest in Poland. Canadian Journal of Zoology 79:1993-2004.
-
(2001)
Canadian Journal of Zoology
, vol.79
, pp. 1993-2004
-
-
Jȩdrzejewski, W.1
Schmidt, K.2
Theuerkauf, J.3
Jȩdrzejewska, B.4
Okarma, H.5
-
25
-
-
0348223989
-
Effects of temporal variation in the risk of predation by least weasels on the feeding behavior of field voles
-
Koivisto, E., and J. Pusenius. 2003. Effects of temporal variation in the risk of predation by least weasels on the feeding behavior of field voles. Evolutionary Ecology 17:477-489.
-
(2003)
Evolutionary Ecology
, vol.17
, pp. 477-489
-
-
Koivisto, E.1
Pusenius, J.2
-
27
-
-
0031440770
-
Nonlethal effects in the ecology of predator-prey interactions: What are the ecological effects of anti-predator decision-making?
-
Lima, S. L. 1998. Nonlethal effects in the ecology of predator-prey interactions: what are the ecological effects of anti-predator decision-making? BioScience 48:26-34.
-
(1998)
BioScience
, vol.48
, pp. 26-34
-
-
Lima, S.L.1
-
28
-
-
0032792591
-
Temporal variation in danger drives antipredator behavior: The predation risk allocation hypothesis
-
Lima, S. L., and P. A. Bednekoff. 1999. Temporal variation in danger drives antipredator behavior: the predation risk allocation hypothesis. American Naturalist 153:649-659.
-
(1999)
American Naturalist
, vol.153
, pp. 649-659
-
-
Lima, S.L.1
Bednekoff, P.A.2
-
29
-
-
0021557847
-
Grazing lawns: Animals in herds, plant form, and coevolution
-
McNaughton, S. J. 1984. Grazing lawns: animals in herds, plant form, and coevolution. American Naturalist 124:863-886.
-
(1984)
American Naturalist
, vol.124
, pp. 863-886
-
-
McNaughton, S.J.1
-
30
-
-
0001578138
-
Ecology of a grazing ecosystem: The Serengeti
-
McNaughton, S. J. 1985. Ecology of a grazing ecosystem: the Serengeti. Ecological Monographs 55:259-294.
-
(1985)
Ecological Monographs
, vol.55
, pp. 259-294
-
-
McNaughton, S.J.1
-
33
-
-
0036858455
-
Predator-prey shell games: Large-scale movement and its implications for decision-making by prey
-
Mitchell, W. A., and S. L. Lima. 2002. Predator-prey shell games: large-scale movement and its implications for decision-making by prey. Oikos 249:249-259.
-
(2002)
Oikos
, vol.249
, pp. 249-259
-
-
Mitchell, W.A.1
Lima, S.L.2
-
35
-
-
0032124827
-
Effects of herbivores on grassland plant diversity
-
Olff, H., and M. E. Ritchie. 1998. Effects of herbivores on grassland plant diversity. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 13:261-265.
-
(1998)
Trends in Ecology and Evolution
, vol.13
, pp. 261-265
-
-
Olff, H.1
Ritchie, M.E.2
-
36
-
-
0033485835
-
Trophic cascades reveled in diverse ecosystems
-
Pace, M. L., J. J. Cole, S. R. Carpenter, and J. F. Kitchell. 1999. Trophic cascades reveled in diverse ecosystems. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 14:483-488.
-
(1999)
Trends in Ecology and Evolution
, vol.14
, pp. 483-488
-
-
Pace, M.L.1
Cole, J.J.2
Carpenter, S.R.3
Kitchell, J.F.4
-
37
-
-
0026540204
-
Selective foraging and ecosystem processes in boreal forests
-
Pastor, J., and R. J. Naiman. 1992. Selective foraging and ecosystem processes in boreal forests. American Naturalist 139:690-705.
-
(1992)
American Naturalist
, vol.139
, pp. 690-705
-
-
Pastor, J.1
Naiman, R.J.2
-
38
-
-
0035957319
-
The contribution of trait-mediated indirect effects to the net effects of a predator
-
USA
-
Peacor, S. D., and E. E. Werner. 2001. The contribution of trait-mediated indirect effects to the net effects of a predator. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA) 98:3904-3908.
-
(2001)
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
, vol.98
, pp. 3904-3908
-
-
Peacor, S.D.1
Werner, E.E.2
-
39
-
-
0037322879
-
Frequency of encounter with risk and the tradeoff between pursuit and antipredator behaviors in crayfish: A test of the risk allocation hypothesis
-
Pecor, K.W., and B. A. Hazlett. 2003. Frequency of encounter with risk and the tradeoff between pursuit and antipredator behaviors in crayfish: a test of the risk allocation hypothesis. Ethology 109:97-106.
-
(2003)
Ethology
, vol.109
, pp. 97-106
-
-
Pecor, K.W.1
Hazlett, B.A.2
-
40
-
-
0024912751
-
Dangerous lions and nonchalant buffalo
-
Prins, H. H. T., and G. R. Iason. 1989. Dangerous lions and nonchalant buffalo. Behaviour 108:262-296.
-
(1989)
Behaviour
, vol.108
, pp. 262-296
-
-
Prins, H.H.T.1
Iason, G.R.2
-
41
-
-
0003891739
-
-
PSW-GTR-144. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Albany, California, USA
-
Ralph, C. J., G. R. Geupel, P. Pyle, T. E. Martin, and D. F. Desante. 1993. Handbook of field methods for monitoring landbirds. PSW-GTR-144. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Albany, California, USA.
-
(1993)
Handbook of Field Methods for Monitoring Landbirds
-
-
Ralph, C.J.1
Geupel, G.R.2
Pyle, P.3
Martin, T.E.4
Desante, D.F.5
-
42
-
-
0034771761
-
Trophic cascades among wolves, elk and aspen on Yellowstone National Park's northern range
-
Ripple, W. J., E. J. Larsen, R. A. Renkin, and D. W. Smith. 2001. Trophic cascades among wolves, elk and aspen on Yellowstone National Park's northern range. Biological Conservation 102:227-234.
-
(2001)
Biological Conservation
, vol.102
, pp. 227-234
-
-
Ripple, W.J.1
Larsen, E.J.2
Renkin, R.A.3
Smith, D.W.4
-
43
-
-
0004282518
-
-
SAS Publishing, Cary, North Carolina, USA
-
SAS Institute. 1999. SAS/STAT user's guide version 8. SAS Publishing, Cary, North Carolina, USA.
-
(1999)
SAS/STAT User's Guide Version 8
-
-
-
44
-
-
0030613986
-
Behaviorally mediated trophic cascades: Effects of predation risk on food web interactions
-
Schmitz, O. J., A. P. Beckerman, and K. M. O'Brien. 1997. Behaviorally mediated trophic cascades: effects of predation risk on food web interactions. Ecology 78:1388-1399.
-
(1997)
Ecology
, vol.78
, pp. 1388-1399
-
-
Schmitz, O.J.1
Beckerman, A.P.2
O'Brien, K.M.3
-
45
-
-
0034072299
-
Trophic cascades in terrestrial ecosystems: A review of the effects of carnivore removal on plants
-
Schmitz, O. J., P. A. Hamback, and A. P. Beckerman. 2000. Trophic cascades in terrestrial ecosystems: a review of the effects of carnivore removal on plants. American Naturalist 155:141-153.
-
(2000)
American Naturalist
, vol.155
, pp. 141-153
-
-
Schmitz, O.J.1
Hamback, P.A.2
Beckerman, A.P.3
-
46
-
-
1342333392
-
Trophic cascades: The primacy of trait-mediated indirect interactions
-
Schmitz, O. J., V. Krivan, and O. Ovadia. 2004. Trophic cascades: the primacy of trait-mediated indirect interactions. Ecology Letters 7:153-163.
-
(2004)
Ecology Letters
, vol.7
, pp. 153-163
-
-
Schmitz, O.J.1
Krivan, V.2
Ovadia, O.3
-
47
-
-
0030435309
-
An evaluation of the accuracy of kernel density estimators for home range analysis
-
Seaman, D. E., and R. A. Powell. 1996. An evaluation of the accuracy of kernel density estimators for home range analysis. Ecology 77:2075-2085.
-
(1996)
Ecology
, vol.77
, pp. 2075-2085
-
-
Seaman, D.E.1
Powell, R.A.2
-
48
-
-
0026540203
-
Prey uncertainty and the balance of antipredator and feeding needs
-
Sih, A. 1992. Prey uncertainty and the balance of antipredator and feeding needs. American Naturalist 139:1052-1069.
-
(1992)
American Naturalist
, vol.139
, pp. 1052-1069
-
-
Sih, A.1
-
49
-
-
0036351970
-
Prey responses to pulses of risk and safety: Testing the risk allocation hypothesis
-
Sih, A., and T. McCarthy. 2002. Prey responses to pulses of risk and safety: testing the risk allocation hypothesis. Animal Behavior 63:437-443.
-
(2002)
Animal Behavior
, vol.63
, pp. 437-443
-
-
Sih, A.1
McCarthy, T.2
-
50
-
-
0000426567
-
The ungulate prey base for wolves in Yellowstone National Park
-
R. B. Keiter and M. S. Boyce, editors. Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
-
Singer, F. J. 1991. The ungulate prey base for wolves in Yellowstone National Park. Pages 323-348 in R. B. Keiter and M. S. Boyce, editors. The greater Yellowstone ecosystem: redefining America's wilderness heritage. Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
-
(1991)
The Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem: Redefining America's Wilderness Heritage
, pp. 323-348
-
-
Singer, F.J.1
-
51
-
-
0141901075
-
The role of ungulates and large predators on plant communities and ecosystem processes in western National Parks
-
C. J. Zabel and R. G. Anthony, editors. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
-
Singer, F. J., G. Wang, and N. T. Hobbs. 2003. The role of ungulates and large predators on plant communities and ecosystem processes in western National Parks. Pages 444-486 in C. J. Zabel and R. G. Anthony, editors. Mammal community dynamics: management and conservation in the coniferous forests of western North America. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
-
(2003)
Mammal Community Dynamics: Management and Conservation in the Coniferous Forests of Western North America
, pp. 444-486
-
-
Singer, F.J.1
Wang, G.2
Hobbs, N.T.3
-
52
-
-
0032449992
-
Elk, multiple factors, and persistence of willows in national parks
-
Singer, F. J., L. C. Zeigenfuss, R. G. Cates, and D. T. Barnett. 1998. Elk, multiple factors, and persistence of willows in national parks. Wildlife Society Bulletin 26:419-428.
-
(1998)
Wildlife Society Bulletin
, vol.26
, pp. 419-428
-
-
Singer, F.J.1
Zeigenfuss, L.C.2
Cates, R.G.3
Barnett, D.T.4
-
53
-
-
0942269761
-
Winter prey selection and estimation of wolf kill rates in Yellowstone National Park, 1995-2000
-
Smith, D. W., T. D. Drummer, K. M. Murphy, D. S. Guernsey, and S. B. Evans. 2004. Winter prey selection and estimation of wolf kill rates in Yellowstone National Park, 1995-2000. Journal of Wildlife Management 68:153-166.
-
(2004)
Journal of Wildlife Management
, vol.68
, pp. 153-166
-
-
Smith, D.W.1
Drummer, T.D.2
Murphy, K.M.3
Guernsey, D.S.4
Evans, S.B.5
-
55
-
-
1942540110
-
Variation in predation risk and vole feeding behaviour: A field test of the risk allocation hypothesis
-
Sundell, J., D. Doudek, I. Klemme, E. Koivisto, J. Pusenius, and H. Ylönen. 2004. Variation in predation risk and vole feeding behaviour: a field test of the risk allocation hypothesis. Oecologia 139:157-162.
-
(2004)
Oecologia
, vol.139
, pp. 157-162
-
-
Sundell, J.1
Doudek, D.2
Klemme, I.3
Koivisto, E.4
Pusenius, J.5
Ylönen, H.6
-
56
-
-
0346868087
-
-
John Wiley and Sons, New York, New York, USA
-
Thompson, S. K. 2002. Sampling. John Wiley and Sons, New York, New York, USA.
-
(2002)
Sampling
-
-
Thompson, S.K.1
-
57
-
-
0027948036
-
Simulating winter interactions among ungulates, vegetation, and fire in northern Yellowstone National Park
-
Turner, M. G., Y. Wu, L. L. Wallace, W. H. Romme, and A. Brenkert. 1994. Simulating winter interactions among ungulates, vegetation, and fire in northern Yellowstone National Park. Ecological Applications 4:472-496.
-
(1994)
Ecological Applications
, vol.4
, pp. 472-496
-
-
Turner, M.G.1
Wu, Y.2
Wallace, L.L.3
Romme, W.H.4
Brenkert, A.5
-
58
-
-
0031755389
-
Elk habitat selection on the Clearwater National Forest, Idaho
-
Unsworth, J. W., L. Kuck, E. O. Garton, and B. R. Butterfield. 1998. Elk habitat selection on the Clearwater National Forest, Idaho. Journal of Wildlife Management 62:1255-1263.
-
(1998)
Journal of Wildlife Management
, vol.62
, pp. 1255-1263
-
-
Unsworth, J.W.1
Kuck, L.2
Garton, E.O.3
Butterfield, B.R.4
-
59
-
-
33645100042
-
-
T. Meier, editor. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services, Helena, Montana, USA
-
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Nez Perce Tribe, National Park Service, and United States Department of Agriculture-Wildlife Services. 2004. Rocky Mountain wolf recovery 2002 annual report. T. Meier, editor. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services, Helena, Montana, USA.
-
(2004)
Rocky Mountain Wolf Recovery 2002 Annual Report
-
-
-
60
-
-
0036063541
-
A test of the risk allocation hypothesis: Tadpole responses to temporal change in predation risk
-
Van Buskirk, J., C. Muller, A. Portmann, and M. Surbeck. 2002. A test of the risk allocation hypothesis: tadpole responses to temporal change in predation risk. Behavioral Ecology 13:526-530.
-
(2002)
Behavioral Ecology
, vol.13
, pp. 526-530
-
-
Van Buskirk, J.1
Muller, C.2
Portmann, A.3
Surbeck, M.4
-
61
-
-
0038699846
-
A review of traitmediated indirect interactions in ecological communities
-
Werner, E. E., and S. D. Peacor. 2003. A review of traitmediated indirect interactions in ecological communities. Ecology 84:1083-1100.
-
(2003)
Ecology
, vol.84
, pp. 1083-1100
-
-
Werner, E.E.1
Peacor, S.D.2
-
62
-
-
0003507710
-
-
Academic Press, San Diego, California, USA
-
White, G. C., and R. A. Garrott. 1990. Analysis of wildlife radio-tracking data. Academic Press, San Diego, California, USA.
-
(1990)
Analysis of Wildlife Radio-tracking Data.
-
-
White, G.C.1
Garrott, R.A.2
-
63
-
-
33645102411
-
Refuges and elk management
-
D. E. Toweill and J. W. Thomas, editors. Smithsonian Institution Press and Wildlife Management Institute, Washington, D.C., USA
-
Wolfe, M. L., J. F. Kimball, Jr., and G. T. M. Schildwatcher. 2002. Refuges and elk management. Pages 583-616 in D. E. Toweill and J. W. Thomas, editors. North American elk: ecology and management. Smithsonian Institution Press and Wildlife Management Institute, Washington, D.C., USA.
-
(2002)
North American Elk: Ecology and Management.
, pp. 583-616
-
-
Wolfe, M.L.1
Kimball Jr., J.F.2
Schildwatcher, G.T.M.3
|