Neuroticism mediates the association of the serotonin transporter gene with lifetime major depression

Neuropsychobiology

Volumn 53, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 1-8

  Munafò, Marcus R ^a   Clark, Taane G ^b   Roberts, Kate H ^c   Johnstone, Elaine C ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL   (United Kingdom)

^b IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

5HTT LPR; Depression; Neuroticism; Serotonin transporter gene

Indexed keywords

SEROTONIN TRANSPORTER;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS; DIAGNOSTIC TEST; FEMALE; GENETIC POLYMORPHISM; GENOTYPE; HUMAN; INTERVIEW; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MAJOR DEPRESSION; MALE; NEUROSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUESTIONNAIRE; SELF REPORT; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE;

ADULT; AGED; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; CHI-SQUARE DISTRIBUTION; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER, MAJOR; FEMALE; GENOTYPE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NEUROTIC DISORDERS; PERSONALITY; POLYMORPHISM, GENETIC; POPULATION SURVEILLANCE; RISK FACTORS; SEROTONIN PLASMA MEMBRANE TRANSPORT PROTEINS;

EID: 32844472037     PISSN: 0302282X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000089915     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Lesch KP, Bengel D, Heils A, Sabol SZ, Greenberg B, Petri S, Benjamin J, Muller CR, Hamer DH, Murphy DL: Association of anxiety-related traits with a polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene regulatory region. Science 1996;274:1527-1531.
2. Munafò MR, Clark TG, Moore LR, Payne E, Walton RT, Flint J: Genetic polymorphisms and personality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Mol Psychiatry 2003;8:471-484.
3. Heinz A, Jones DW, Mazzanti C, Goldman D, Ragan P, Hommer D, Linnoila M, Weinberger DR: A relationship between serotonin transporter genotype and in vivo protein expression and alcohol neurotoxicity. Biol Psychiatry 2000;47:643-649.
4. Schinka JA, Busch RM, Robichaux-Keene N: A meta-analysis of the association between the serotonin transporter gene polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) and trait anxiety. Mol Psychiatry 2004;9:197-202.
5. Sen S, Burmeister M, Ghosh D: Meta-analysis of the association between a serotonin transporter promoter polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) and anxiety-related personality traits. Am J Med Genet 2004;127B:85-89.
6. Cheng H, Furnham A: Personality, self-esteem and demographic predictions of happiness and depression. Pers Indiv Diff 2003;34:921-942.
7. Dunkley DM, Blankstein KR, Flett GL: Specific cognitive-personality vulnerability styles in depression and the five-factor model of personality. Pers Indiv Diff 1997;23:1041-1053.
8. Kendler KS, Neale MC, Kessler RC, Heath AC, Eaves LJ: A longitudinal twin study of personality and major depression in women. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1993;50:853-862.
9. Joyce PR, Mulder RT, Cloninger CR: Temperament predicts clomipramine and desipramine response in major depression. J Affect Disord 1994;30:35-46.
10. Hauser J, Leszczynska A, Samochowiec J, Czerski PM, Ostapowicz A, Chlopocka M, Horodnicki J, Rybakowski JK: Association analysis of the insertion/deletion polymorphism in serotonin transporter gene in patients with affective disorder. Eur Psychiatry 2003;18:129-132.
11. Mossner R, Henneberg A, Schmitt A, Syagailo YV, Grassle M, Hennig T, Simantov R, Gerlach M, Riederer P, Lesch KP: Allelic variation of serotonin transporter expression is associated with depression in Parkinson's disease. Mol Psychiatry 2001;6:350-352.
12. Nellissery M, Feinn RS, Covault J, Gelertner J, Anton RF, Pettinati H, Moak D, Mueller T, Kranzler HR: Alleles of a functional serotonin transporter promoter polymorphism are associated with major depression in alcoholics. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2003;27:1402-1408.
13. Willeit M, Praschak-Rieder N, Neumeister A, Zill P, Leisch F, Statsny J, Hilger E, Thierry N, Konstantinidis A, Winkler D, Fuchs K, Sieghart W, Aschauer H, Ackenheil M, Bondy B, Kasper S: A polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) in the serotonin transporter promoter gene is associated with DSM-IV depression subtypes in seasonal affective disorder. Mol Psychiatry 2003;8:942-946.
14. Du L, Faludi G, Palkovits M, Demeter E, Bakish D, Lapierre YD, Sotonyi P, Hrdina PD: Frequency of long allele in serotonin transporter gene is increased in depressed suicide victims. Biol Psychiatry 1999;46:196-201.
15. Yu YW, Tsai SJ, Chen TJ, Lin CH, Hong CJ: Association study of the serotonin transporter polymorphism and symptomatology and antidepressant response in major depressive disorders. Mol Psychiatry 2002;7:1115-1119.
16. Yen FC, Hong CJ, Hou SJ, Wang JK, Tsai SJ: Association study of serotonin transporter gene VNTR polymorphism and mood disorders, onset age and suicide attempts in a Chinese sample. Neuropsychobiology 2003;48:5-9.
17. Serretti A, Lilli R, Lorenzi C, Lattauda E, Cusin C, Smeraldi E: Serotonin transporter gene (5HTTLPR) and major psychoses. Mol Psychiatry 2002;7:95-99.
18. Steffens DC, Svenson I, Marchuk DA, Levy RM, Hays JC, Flint EP, Krishnan KR, Siegler IC: Allelic differences in the serotonin transporter-linked polymorphic region in geriatric depression. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2002;10: 185-191.
19. Bellivier F, Szoke A, Henry C, Lacoste J, Bottos C, Nosten-Bertrand M, Hardy P, Rouillon F, Launay JM, Laplanche JL, Leboyer M: Possible association between serotonin transporter gene polymorphism and violent suicidal behavior in mood disorders. Biol Psychiatry 2000;48:319-322.
20. Yoshida K, Ito K, Sato K, Takahashi H, Kamata M, Higuchi H, Shimizu T, Itoh K, Inoue K, Tezuka T, Suzuki T, Ohkubo T, Sugawara K, Otani K: Influence of the serotonin transporter gene-linked polymorphic region on the antidepressant response to fluvoxamine in Japanese depressed patients. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2002;26:383-386.
21. Sen S, Nesse RM, Stoltenberg SF, Li S, Gleiberman L, Chakravati A, Weder AB, Burmeister M: A BNDF coding variant is associated with the NEO personality inventory domain neuroticism, a risk factor for depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 2003;28:397-401.
22. Fanous A, Gardner CO, Prescott CA, Cancro R, Kendler KS: Neuroticism, major depression and gender: a population-based twin study. Psychol Med 2002;32:719-728.
23. Caspi A, Sugden K, Moffitt TE, Taylor A, Craig IW, Harrington H, McClay J, Hill J, Martin J, Braithwaite A, Poulton R: Influence of life stress on depression: moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene. Science 2003;301: 386-389.
24. Kendler KS, Kuhn J, Prescott CD: The inter-relationship of neuroticism, sex, and stressful life events in the prediction of episodes of major depression. Am J Psychiatry 2004;161: 631-636.
25. Kendler KS, Gardner CO, Prescott CA: Toward a comprehensive developmental model for major depression in women. Am J Psychiatry 2002;159:1133-1145.
26. Baron RM, Kenny DA: The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic and statistical considerations. J Pers Soc Psychol 1986;51: 1173-1182.
27. MacKinnon DP, Dwyer JH: Estimating mediated effects in prevention studies. Eval Rev 1993;17:144-158.
28. Johnstone EC, Yudkin PL, Hey K, Roberts SJ, Welch SJ, Murphy MFG, Griffiths SE, Walton RT: Genetic variation in dopaminergic pathways and short-term effectiveness of the nicotine patch. Pharmacogenetics 2004;14:83-90.
29. Munafò MR, Roberts K, Johnstone EC, Walton RT, Yudkin PL: Association of serotonin transporter gene polymorphism with nicotine dependence: no evidence for an interaction with trait neuroticism. Pers Indiv Diff 2005; 38:843-850.
30. Eysenck HJ, Eysenck SBG: Manual of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. London, Hodder and Stoughton, 1975.
31. Spitzer RL, Williams JB, Gibbon M: Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-III-R. New York, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1987.
32. American Psychiatric Association: The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-III-R. Arlington, American Psychiatric Publishing Inc, 1987.
33. Miller SA, Dykes DD, Polesky HF: A simple salting out procedure for extracting DNA from human nucleated cells. Nucleic Acids Res 1988;16:1215.
34. Heils A, Teufel A, Petri S, Stoeber G, Riederer P, Bengel D, Lesch KP: Allelic variation of human serotonin transporter gene expression. J Neurochem 1996;66:2621-2624.
35. Peduzzi F, Concato J, Kemper E, Holford TR, Feinstein AR: A simulation study of the number of events per variable in logistic regression analysis. J Clin Epidemiol 1996;12:1373-1379.
36. Willis-Owen SAG, Turri M, Munafò MR, Surtees PG, Wainwright NWJ, Brixey RD, Flint J: The serotonin transporter length polymorphism, neuroticism and depression: a comprehensive assessment of association. Biol Psychiatry 2005;58:451-456.
37. Du L, Bakish D, Hrdina PD: Gender differences in association between serotonin transporter gene polymorphism and personality traits. Psychiatric Genet 2000;10:159-164.
38. Munafò MR, Clark TG, Flint J: Are there sex differences in the association between the 5HTT gene and neuroticism? A meta-analysis. Pers Indiv Diff 2004;37:621-626.
39. Kendler KS, Gardner CO, Prescott CA: Personality and the experience of environmental adversity. Psychol Med 2003;33:1193-1202.
40. Hitsman B, Borrelli B, McChargue DE, Spring B, Niaura R: History of depression and smoking cessation outcome: a meta-analysis. J Cons Clin Psychol 2003;71:657-663.
41. Ormel J, Oldehinkel AJ, Nolen WA, Vollebergh W: Psychosocial disability before, during, and after a major depressive episode. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2004;61:387-392.
42. Wilhelm K, Parker G, Dewhurst-Savellis J, Asghari A: Psychological predictors of single and recurrent major depressive episodes. J Affect Disord 1999;54:139-147.
43. Munafò MR, Clark TG, Johnstone EC, Murphy MFG, Walton R: The genetic basis for smoking behaviour: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nicotine Tob Res 2004;6:583-597.
44. Lasky-Su JA, Faraone SV, Glatt SJ, Tsuang MT: Meta-analysis of the association between two polymorphisms in the serotonin transporter gene and affective disorders. Am J Med Genet 2005;133:110-115.
45. Hoefgen B, Schulze TG, Ohlraun S, von Widdern O, Hofels S, Gross M, Heidmann V, Kovalenko S, Eckermann A, Kolsch H, Metten M, Zobel A, Becker T, Nothen MM, Propping P, Heun R, Maier W, Rietschel M: The power of sample size and homogenous sampling: association between the 5-HTTLPR serotonin transporter polymorphism and major depressive disorder. Biol Psychiatry 2005;57:247-251.