메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 10, Issue SUPPL. 5, 2004, Pages

An assessment of therapeutic regimens in the treatment of acute exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADRENALIN; AMINOPHYLLINE; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; BECLOMETASONE; BETA 2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; BITOLTEROL; BRONCHODILATING AGENT; BUDESONIDE; CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; EXPECTORANT AGENT; FLUNISOLIDE; FLUTICASONE; FORMOTEROL; GLUCOCORTICOID; IPRATROPIUM BROMIDE; LEUKOTRIENE RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; LEVALBUTEROL; MAGNESIUM SULFATE; METHYLPREDNISOLONE; METHYLXANTHINE; MUCOLYTIC AGENT; PIRBUTEROL; PREDNISOLONE; PREDNISONE; SALBUTAMOL; SALMETEROL; TERBUTALINE; TIOTROPIUM BROMIDE; TRIAMCINOLONE; UNINDEXED DRUG;

EID: 3242774749     PISSN: 10880224     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (4)

References (148)
  • 1
    • 3242751971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology, clinical and economic burden, and natural history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma
    • Skrepnek GH, Skrepnek SV. Epidemiology, clinical and economic burden, and natural history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. Am J Manag Care. 2004;10:S129-S138.
    • (2004) Am J Manag Care , vol.10
    • Skrepnek, G.H.1    Skrepnek, S.V.2
  • 3
    • 0035799387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence base for management of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Snow V, Lascher S, Mottur-Pilson C. Evidence base for management of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Ann Intern Med. 2001; 134:595-599.
    • (2001) Ann Intern Med , vol.134 , pp. 595-599
    • Snow, V.1    Lascher, S.2    Mottur-Pilson, C.3
  • 4
    • 0003662479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Asthma Education and Prevention Program (NAEPP). National Institutes of Health Publication 97-4051. Bethesda, Md: US Department of Health and Human Services
    • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. National Asthma Education and Prevention Program (NAEPP). Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma. National Institutes of Health Publication 97-4051. Bethesda, Md: US Department of Health and Human Services; 1997.
    • (1997) Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma
  • 5
    • 0003522322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Asthma Education and Prevention Program (NAEPP). National Institutes of Health Publication 03-5074. Bethesda, Md: US Department of Health and Human Services
    • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. National Asthma Education and Prevention Program (NAEPP). Expert Panel Report: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma. National Institutes of Health Publication 03-5074. Bethesda, Md: US Department of Health and Human Services; 2003.
    • (2003) Expert Panel Report: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma
  • 6
    • 0003736036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Institutes of Health Publication 02-3659. Bethesda, Md: US Department of Health and Human Services
    • Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA). Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention, Updated 2003. National Institutes of Health Publication 02-3659. Bethesda, Md: US Department of Health and Human Services; 2002.
    • (2002) Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention, Updated 2003
  • 7
    • 0027406017 scopus 로고
    • Guidelines on the management of asthma. Statement by the British Thoracic Society, the British Paediatric Association, the Research Unit of the Royal College of Physicians of London
    • Guidelines on the management of asthma. Statement by the British Thoracic Society, the British Paediatric Association, the Research Unit of the Royal College of Physicians of London, the King's Fund Centre, the National Asthma Campaign, the Royal College of General Practitioners, the General Practitioners in Asthma Group, the British Association of Accident and Emergency Medicine, and the British Paediatric Respirator Group. Thorax. 1993;48:S1-S24.
    • (1993) Thorax , vol.48
  • 8
    • 3242773831 scopus 로고
    • Guidelines on the management of asthma in adults II-acute severe asthma
    • British Thoracic Society, National Asthma Campaign, Research Unit of the Royal College of Physicians of London, King's Fund Centre. Guidelines on the management of asthma in adults II-acute severe asthma. Thorax. 1990;301:767-800.
    • (1990) Thorax , vol.301 , pp. 767-800
  • 9
    • 6544221769 scopus 로고
    • International consensus report on the diagnosis and management of asthma
    • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. International consensus report on the diagnosis and management of asthma. Clin Ex Allergy. 1992;22(suppl):1s-72s.
    • (1992) Clin Ex Allergy , vol.22 , Issue.SUPPL.
  • 11
    • 0037266525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of acute exacerbations of COPD
    • Blanchard AR. Treatment of acute exacerbations of COPD. Clin Cornerstone. 2003;5:28-36.
    • (2003) Clin Cornerstone , vol.5 , pp. 28-36
    • Blanchard, A.R.1
  • 12
    • 0038715331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute exacerbations of COPD
    • MacNee W. Acute exacerbations of COPD. Swiss Med Wkly. 2003;133:247-257.
    • (2003) Swiss Med Wkly , vol.133 , pp. 247-257
    • MacNee, W.1
  • 13
    • 0344825997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Sciurba FC. Medical management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chest Surg Clin N Am. 2003;13:615-629.
    • (2003) Chest Surg Clin N Am , vol.13 , pp. 615-629
    • Sciurba, F.C.1
  • 14
    • 0029156848 scopus 로고
    • Optimal assessment and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
    • The European Respiratory Society Task Force
    • Siafakas NM, Vermeire P, Pride NB, et al. Optimal assessment and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The European Respiratory Society Task Force. Eur Respir J. 1995;8:1398-1420.
    • (1995) Eur Respir J , vol.8 , pp. 1398-1420
    • Siafakas, N.M.1    Vermeire, P.2    Pride, N.B.3
  • 15
    • 0028827084 scopus 로고
    • Standards for the diagnosis and care of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • American Thoracic Society. Standards for the diagnosis and care of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1995;152 (suppl):77s-121s.
    • (1995) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.152 , Issue.SUPPL.
  • 16
    • 0019723962 scopus 로고
    • Chronic bronchitis
    • Sachs FL. Chronic bronchitis. Clin Chest Med. 1981;2:79-89.
    • (1981) Clin Chest Med , vol.2 , pp. 79-89
    • Sachs, F.L.1
  • 17
    • 0029928722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current thoughts regarding treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Celli BR. Current thoughts regarding treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Med Clin North Am. 1996;80:589-609.
    • (1996) Med Clin North Am , vol.80 , pp. 589-609
    • Celli, B.R.1
  • 18
    • 0037529433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Managing outpatient asthma exacerbations
    • Roy SR, Milgrom H. Managing outpatient asthma exacerbations. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2003;3:179-189.
    • (2003) Curr Allergy Asthma Rep , vol.3 , pp. 179-189
    • Roy, S.R.1    Milgrom, H.2
  • 21
    • 0036217528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of children with severe asthma exacerbation in the emergency department
    • Volovitz B, Nussinovitch M. Management of children with severe asthma exacerbation in the emergency department. Paediatr Drugs. 2002;4:141-148.
    • (2002) Paediatr Drugs , vol.4 , pp. 141-148
    • Volovitz, B.1    Nussinovitch, M.2
  • 22
    • 19144366485 scopus 로고
    • Protocol therapy for acute asthma: Therapeutic benefits and cost savings
    • McFadden ER, Elsanadi N, Dixon L, et al. Protocol therapy for acute asthma: therapeutic benefits and cost savings. Am J Med. 1995;99:651-661.
    • (1995) Am J Med , vol.99 , pp. 651-661
    • McFadden, E.R.1    Elsanadi, N.2    Dixon, L.3
  • 24
    • 0030044862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased morbidity and mortality related to asthma among asthmatic patients who use major tranquilizers
    • Joseph KS, Blais L, Ernst P, et al. Increased morbidity and mortality related to asthma among asthmatic patients who use major tranquilizers. BMJ. 1996;312:79-82.
    • (1996) BMJ , vol.312 , pp. 79-82
    • Joseph, K.S.1    Blais, L.2    Ernst, P.3
  • 25
    • 1642284303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute asthma in adults: A review
    • Rodrigo GJ, Rodrigo C, Hall JB. Acute asthma in adults: a review. Chest. 2004;125:1081-1102.
    • (2004) Chest , vol.125 , pp. 1081-1102
    • Rodrigo, G.J.1    Rodrigo, C.2    Hall, J.B.3
  • 26
    • 0034920257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of acute exacerbations of COPD: A summary and appraisal of published evidence
    • McCrory D, Brown C, Gelfand S, et al. Management of acute exacerbations of COPD: a summary and appraisal of published evidence. Chest. 2001;119:1190-1209.
    • (2001) Chest , vol.119 , pp. 1190-1209
    • McCrory, D.1    Brown, C.2    Gelfand, S.3
  • 28
    • 0030740911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bronchodilator delivery in acute airflow obstruction. A meta-analysis
    • Turner MO, Patel A, Ginsberg S, et al. Bronchodilator delivery in acute airflow obstruction. A meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med. 1997;157:1736-1744.
    • (1997) Arch Intern Med , vol.157 , pp. 1736-1744
    • Turner, M.O.1    Patel, A.2    Ginsberg, S.3
  • 29
    • 0036046546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Holding chambers versus nebulizers for β-agonist treatment of acute asthma
    • Cates CJ, Rowe BH, Bara A. Holding chambers versus nebulizers for β-agonist treatment of acute asthma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2002.
    • (2002) Cochrane Database Syst Rev
    • Cates, C.J.1    Rowe, B.H.2    Bara, A.3
  • 30
    • 0036206327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of albuterol administered by metered dose inhaler and spacer with albuterol by nebulizer in adult patients presenting to an urban emergency department with acute asthma
    • Newman KB, Milne S, Hamilton C, et al. A comparison of albuterol administered by metered dose inhaler and spacer with albuterol by nebulizer in adult patients presenting to an urban emergency department with acute asthma. Chest. 2002;121:1036-1041.
    • (2002) Chest , vol.121 , pp. 1036-1041
    • Newman, K.B.1    Milne, S.2    Hamilton, C.3
  • 31
    • 0036913347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2-agonists on clinical outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • 2-agonists on clinical outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001;110(suppl):298S-303S.
    • (2001) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.110 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Mahler, D.A.1
  • 32
    • 0037678807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2-agonists as a potential option in the treatment of acute exacerbations of COPD
    • 2-agonists as a potential option in the treatment of acute exacerbations of COPD. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2003;16:197-201.
    • (2003) Pulm Pharmacol Ther , vol.16 , pp. 197-201
    • Cazzola, M.1    Matera, M.G.2
  • 33
    • 0035799388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A summary and appraisal of published evidence
    • Bach PB, Brown C, Gelfand SE, McCrory DC. Management of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a summary and appraisal of published evidence. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134:600-620.
    • (2001) Ann Intern Med , vol.134 , pp. 600-620
    • Bach, P.B.1    Brown, C.2    Gelfand, S.E.3    McCrory, D.C.4
  • 34
    • 0034099036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-acting bronchodilation with once-daily dosing of tiotropium (Spiriva) in stable chronic obstructive disease
    • Littner MR, Ilowite JS, Tashkin DP, et al. Long-acting bronchodilation with once-daily dosing of tiotropium (Spiriva) in stable chronic obstructive disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000;161:1136-1142.
    • (2000) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.161 , pp. 1136-1142
    • Littner, M.R.1    Ilowite, J.S.2    Tashkin, D.P.3
  • 35
    • 0034055236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized controlled comparison of tiotropium and ipratropium in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • The Dutch Tiotropium Study Group
    • van Noord JA, Bantje T, Eland M, et al. A randomized controlled comparison of tiotropium and ipratropium in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The Dutch Tiotropium Study Group. Thorax. 2000;55:289-294.
    • (2000) Thorax , vol.55 , pp. 289-294
    • Van Noord, J.A.1    Bantje, T.2    Eland, M.3
  • 36
    • 0028886394 scopus 로고
    • Tiotropium bromide, a new long-acting antimuscarinic bronchodilator: A pharmacodynamic study in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
    • Maesen F, Smeets J, Sledsens F, et al. Tiotropium bromide, a new long-acting antimuscarinic bronchodilator: a pharmacodynamic study in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Eur J Respir Dis. 1995;8:1506-1513.
    • (1995) Eur J Respir Dis , vol.8 , pp. 1506-1513
    • Maesen, F.1    Smeets, J.2    Sledsens, F.3
  • 37
    • 0038366897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health outcomes following treatment for six months with once daily tiotropium compared with twice daily salmeterol in patients with COPD
    • Brusasco V, Hodder R, Miravitlles M, et al. Health outcomes following treatment for six months with once daily tiotropium compared with twice daily salmeterol in patients with COPD. Thorax. 2003;58:399-404.
    • (2003) Thorax , vol.58 , pp. 399-404
    • Brusasco, V.1    Hodder, R.2    Miravitlles, M.3
  • 38
    • 18244368740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved health outcomes in patients with COPD during 1 year's treatment with tiotropium
    • Vincken W, Can Noord JA, Greefhorst AP, et al. Improved health outcomes in patients with COPD during 1 year's treatment with tiotropium. Eur Respir J. 2002;19:209-216.
    • (2002) Eur Respir J , vol.19 , pp. 209-216
    • Vincken, W.1    Can Noord, J.A.2    Greefhorst, A.P.3
  • 39
    • 0036181956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A long-term evaluation of once-daily inhaled tiotropium in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Casaburi R, Mahler DA, Jones PW, et al. A long-term evaluation of once-daily inhaled tiotropium in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eur Respir J. 2002;19:217-224.
    • (2002) Eur Respir J , vol.19 , pp. 217-224
    • Casaburi, R.1    Mahler, D.A.2    Jones, P.W.3
  • 40
  • 41
    • 0026542320 scopus 로고
    • β-adrenergic agonists for acute, severe asthma
    • Kelly HW, Murphy S. β-adrenergic agonists for acute, severe asthma. Ann Pharmacother. 1992;26:81-91.
    • (1992) Ann Pharmacother , vol.26 , pp. 81-91
    • Kelly, H.W.1    Murphy, S.2
  • 43
    • 0036304244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous versus intermittent β-agonists in the treatment of acute adult asthma: A systematic review with meta-analysis
    • Rodrigo GJ, Rodrigo C. Continuous versus intermittent β-agonists in the treatment of acute adult asthma: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Chest. 2002;122: 160-165.
    • (2002) Chest , vol.122 , pp. 160-165
    • Rodrigo, G.J.1    Rodrigo, C.2
  • 44
    • 0038343360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current trends in management of pediatric asthma
    • Kercsmar CM. Current trends in management of pediatric asthma. Respir Care. 2003;48:194-205.
    • (2003) Respir Care , vol.48 , pp. 194-205
    • Kercsmar, C.M.1
  • 45
    • 0032832108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ipratropium bromide in adults with acute asthma: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • Rodrigo G, Rodrigo C, Burschtin O. Ipratropium bromide in adults with acute asthma: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Med. 1999;107:363-370.
    • (1999) Am J Med , vol.107 , pp. 363-370
    • Rodrigo, G.1    Rodrigo, C.2    Burschtin, O.3
  • 46
    • 0030473412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of ipratropium and albuterol versus albuterol alone for the treatment of acute asthma
    • Karpel JP, Schacter EN, Fanta C, et al. A comparison of ipratropium and albuterol versus albuterol alone for the treatment of acute asthma. Chest. 1996;10:611-616.
    • (1996) Chest , vol.10 , pp. 611-616
    • Karpel, J.P.1    Schacter, E.N.2    Fanta, C.3
  • 47
    • 0031865167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of adding ipratropium bromide to salbutamol in the treatment of acute asthma: A pooled analysis of three trials
    • Lanes SF, Garrett JE, Wentworth CE III, FitzGerald JM, Karpel JP. Effect of adding ipratropium bromide to salbutamol in the treatment of acute asthma: a pooled analysis of three trials. Chest. 1998;114:65-72.
    • (1998) Chest , vol.114 , pp. 65-72
    • Lanes, S.F.1    Garrett, J.E.2    Wentworth III, C.E.3    FitzGerald, J.M.4    Karpel, J.P.5
  • 48
    • 0032505552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 agonists for treating acute childhood and adolescent asthma? A systematic review
    • 2 agonists for treating acute childhood and adolescent asthma? A systematic review. BMJ. 1998;317:971-977.
    • (1998) BMJ , vol.317 , pp. 971-977
    • Plotnick, L.H.1    Ducharme, F.M.2
  • 49
    • 0034047010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First-line therapy for adult patients with acute asthma receiving multiple-dose protocol of ipratropium bromide plus albuterol in the emergency department
    • Rodrigo GJ, Rodrigo C. First-line therapy for adult patients with acute asthma receiving multiple-dose protocol of ipratropium bromide plus albuterol in the emergency department. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000;161: 1862-1868.
    • (2000) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.161 , pp. 1862-1868
    • Rodrigo, G.J.1    Rodrigo, C.2
  • 50
    • 0036282689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of anticholinergics in acute asthma treatment: An evidence-based evaluation
    • Rodrigo GJ, Rodrigo C. The role of anticholinergics in acute asthma treatment: an evidence-based evaluation. Chest. 2002;121:1977-1987.
    • (2002) Chest , vol.121 , pp. 1977-1987
    • Rodrigo, G.J.1    Rodrigo, C.2
  • 53
    • 0028958908 scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of frequent nebulized ipratropium added to high dose albuterol therapy in severe childhood asthma
    • Schuh S, Johnson DW, Callaha S, Canny G, Levison H. Efficacy of frequent nebulized ipratropium added to high dose albuterol therapy in severe childhood asthma. J Pediatr. 1995;126:639-645.
    • (1995) J Pediatr , vol.126 , pp. 639-645
    • Schuh, S.1    Johnson, D.W.2    Callaha, S.3    Canny, G.4    Levison, H.5
  • 54
    • 0032497502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of nebulized ipratropium on the hospitalization rates of children with asthma
    • Qureshi F, Pestian J, Davis P, Zaritsky A. Effect of nebulized ipratropium on the hospitalization rates of children with asthma. N Engl J Med. 1998;339:1030-1035.
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.339 , pp. 1030-1035
    • Qureshi, F.1    Pestian, J.2    Davis, P.3    Zaritsky, A.4
  • 55
    • 0035212102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized trial of the addition of ipratropium bromide to albuterol and corticosteroid therapy in children hospitalized because of an acute asthma exacerbation
    • Goggin N, Macarthur C, Parkin PC. Randomized trial of the addition of ipratropium bromide to albuterol and corticosteroid therapy in children hospitalized because of an acute asthma exacerbation. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2001;155:1329-1334.
    • (2001) Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med , vol.155 , pp. 1329-1334
    • Goggin, N.1    Macarthur, C.2    Parkin, P.C.3
  • 56
    • 0035140280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ipratropium bromide plus nebulized albuterol for the treatment of hospitalized children with acute asthma
    • Craven D, Kercsmar CM, Myers RT, et al. Ipratropium bromide plus nebulized albuterol for the treatment of hospitalized children with acute asthma. J Pediatr. 2001;138:51-58.
    • (2001) J Pediatr , vol.138 , pp. 51-58
    • Craven, D.1    Kercsmar, C.M.2    Myers, R.T.3
  • 58
    • 0023191531 scopus 로고
    • Nebulized anticholinergic and sympathomimetic treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive airways disease in the emergency room
    • Rebuck A, Chapman K, Abboud R, et al. Nebulized anticholinergic and sympathomimetic treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive airways disease in the emergency room. Am J Med. 1987;82:59-64.
    • (1987) Am J Med , vol.82 , pp. 59-64
    • Rebuck, A.1    Chapman, K.2    Abboud, R.3
  • 59
    • 0033944910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose-response evaluation of levalbuterol versus racemic albuterol in patients with asthma
    • Handley DA, Tinkelman D, Noonan M, et al. Dose-response evaluation of levalbuterol versus racemic albuterol in patients with asthma. J Asthma. 2000;37: 319-327.
    • (2000) J Asthma , vol.37 , pp. 319-327
    • Handley, D.A.1    Tinkelman, D.2    Noonan, M.3
  • 60
    • 0035217690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-dose levalbuterol in children with asthma: Safety and efficacy in comparison with placebo and racemic albuterol
    • Milgrom H, Skoner DP, Bensch G, et al. Low-dose levalbuterol in children with asthma: safety and efficacy in comparison with placebo and racemic albuterol. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001;108:938-945.
    • (2001) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.108 , pp. 938-945
    • Milgrom, H.1    Skoner, D.P.2    Bensch, G.3
  • 61
    • 0035090886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single-isomer beta-agonists
    • Handley DA. Single-isomer beta-agonists. Pharmacotherapy. 2001;21(suppl):21S-27S.
    • (2001) Pharmacotherapy , vol.21 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Handley, D.A.1
  • 62
    • 0344825868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of racemic albuterol and levalbuterol for treatment of acute asthma
    • Carl JC, Myers TR, Kirchner HL, Kercsmar CM. Comparison of racemic albuterol and levalbuterol for treatment of acute asthma. J Pediatr. 2003;143:731-736.
    • (2003) J Pediatr , vol.143 , pp. 731-736
    • Carl, J.C.1    Myers, T.R.2    Kirchner, H.L.3    Kercsmar, C.M.4
  • 63
    • 0037248614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levalbuterol compared to racemic albuterol: Efficacy and outcomes in patients hospitalized with COPD or asthma
    • Truitt T, Witko T, Halpern M. Levalbuterol compared to racemic albuterol: efficacy and outcomes in patients hospitalized with COPD or asthma. Chest. 2003;123:128-135.
    • (2003) Chest , vol.123 , pp. 128-135
    • Truitt, T.1    Witko, T.2    Halpern, M.3
  • 64
    • 0742323182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leval-buterol compared with racemic albuterol in the treatment of acute asthma: Results of a pilot study
    • Nowak RM, Emerman CL, Schaefer K, et al. Leval-buterol compared with racemic albuterol in the treatment of acute asthma: results of a pilot study. Am J Emerg Med. 2004;22:29-36.
    • (2004) Am J Emerg Med , vol.22 , pp. 29-36
    • Nowak, R.M.1    Emerman, C.L.2    Schaefer, K.3
  • 65
    • 2342619532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2-agonists: Efficacy, safety, and patient preference
    • 2-agonists: efficacy, safety, and patient preference. Pharmacotherapy. 2004; 24(suppl):S44-S54.
    • (2004) Pharmacotherapy , vol.24 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Pleasants, R.A.1
  • 66
    • 0032886566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contrasting properties of albuterol stereoisomers
    • Page CP, Morley J. Contrasting properties of albuterol stereoisomers. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999:104(suppl): S31-S41.
    • (1999) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.104 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Page, C.P.1    Morley, J.2
  • 68
    • 0035179477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The therapeutic ratio of R-albuterol is comparable with that of RS-albuterol in asthmatic patients
    • Lotvall J, Palmqvist M, Arvidsson P, et al. The therapeutic ratio of R-albuterol is comparable with that of RS-albuterol in asthmatic patients. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001;108:726-731.
    • (2001) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.108 , pp. 726-731
    • Lotvall, J.1    Palmqvist, M.2    Arvidsson, P.3
  • 69
    • 0032417246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved bronchodilation with levalbuterol compared with racemic albuterol in patients with asthma
    • Nelson H, Bensch G, Pleskow WW, et al. Improved bronchodilation with levalbuterol compared with racemic albuterol in patients with asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1998;102:943-952.
    • (1998) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.102 , pp. 943-952
    • Nelson, H.1    Bensch, G.2    Pleskow, W.W.3
  • 72
    • 4243569864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The management of acute severe asthma in children
    • Busse WW, Holgate ST, eds. Boston, Mass: Blackwell Science
    • Kelly HW, Murphy SJ. The management of acute severe asthma in children. In: Busse WW, Holgate ST, eds. Asthma and Rhinitis. Boston, Mass: Blackwell Science; 2001.
    • (2001) Asthma and Rhinitis
    • Kelly, H.W.1    Murphy, S.J.2
  • 74
    • 0033533144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral corticosteroids in patients admitted to hospital with exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A prospective randomized controlled trial
    • Davies L, Angus RM, Calverly PM. Oral corticosteroids in patients admitted to hospital with exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a prospective randomized controlled trial. Lancet. 1999;354:456-460.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.354 , pp. 456-460
    • Davies, L.1    Angus, R.M.2    Calverly, P.M.3
  • 75
    • 3242761560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of systemic glucocorticoids on exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Group
    • Niewoehner DE, Erbland ML, Deupree RH, et al. Effect of systemic glucocorticoids on exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1996;154:407-412.
    • (1996) N Engl J Med , vol.154 , pp. 407-412
    • Niewoehner, D.E.1    Erbland, M.L.2    Deupree, R.H.3
  • 76
    • 84921430907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral corticosteroids for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Wood-Baker R, Walters EH, Gibson P. Oral corticosteroids for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003.
    • (2003) Cochrane Database Syst Rev
    • Wood-Baker, R.1    Walters, E.H.2    Gibson, P.3
  • 77
    • 0037049349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticosteroid therapy for patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review
    • Singh JM, Palda VA, Stanbrook MB, Chapman KR. Corticosteroid therapy for patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review. Arch Intern Med. 2002;162:2527-2536.
    • (2002) Arch Intern Med , vol.162 , pp. 2527-2536
    • Singh, J.M.1    Palda, V.A.2    Stanbrook, M.B.3    Chapman, K.R.4
  • 78
    • 0036499526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of nebulized budesonide and oral prednisolone with placebo in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A randomized controlled trial
    • Maltais F, Ostinelli Bourbeau J, et al. Comparison of nebulized budesonide and oral prednisolone with placebo in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002;165: 698-703.
    • (2002) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.165 , pp. 698-703
    • Maltais, F.1    Ostinelli Bourbeau, J.2
  • 79
    • 0242575196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhaled corticosteroids reduce the progression of airflow limitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A meta-analysis
    • Sutherland ER, Allmers H, Ayas NT, Venn AI, Martin RJ. Inhaled corticosteroids reduce the progression of airflow limitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis. Thorax. 2003;58: 937-941.
    • (2003) Thorax , vol.58 , pp. 937-941
    • Sutherland, E.R.1    Allmers, H.2    Ayas, N.T.3    Venn, A.I.4    Martin, R.J.5
  • 80
  • 81
    • 0031953882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhaled flunisolide for acute severe asthma
    • Rodrigo G, Rodrigo C. Inhaled flunisolide for acute severe asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1998;157: 2201-2203.
    • (1998) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.157 , pp. 2201-2203
    • Rodrigo, G.1    Rodrigo, C.2
  • 82
    • 0034054024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized controlled trial of high dose, inhaled budesonide versus oral prednisone in patients discharged from the emergency department following an acute asthma exacerbation
    • FitzGerald JM, Shragge D, Haddon J, et al. A randomized controlled trial of high dose, inhaled budesonide versus oral prednisone in patients discharged from the emergency department following an acute asthma exacerbation. Can Respir J. 2000;7:61-67.
    • (2000) Can Respir J , vol.7 , pp. 61-67
    • FitzGerald, J.M.1    Shragge, D.2    Haddon, J.3
  • 83
    • 0035058541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of the role of inhaled corticosteroids in the treatment of acute asthma
    • Chipps BE, Chipps DR. A review of the role of inhaled corticosteroids in the treatment of acute asthma. Clin Pediatr. 2001;40:185-189.
    • (2001) Clin Pediatr , vol.40 , pp. 185-189
    • Chipps, B.E.1    Chipps, D.R.2
  • 85
    • 0034618860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of inhaled fluticasone and oral prednisone for children with severe acute asthma
    • Schuh S, Reisman J, Alshehri M, et al. A comparison of inhaled fluticasone and oral prednisone for children with severe acute asthma. N Engl J Med. 2000;343:689-694.
    • (2000) N Engl J Med , vol.343 , pp. 689-694
    • Schuh, S.1    Reisman, J.2    Alshehri, M.3
  • 86
    • 0037327386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are inhaled corticosteroids effective for acute exacerbations of asthma in children?
    • Hendeles L, Sherman J. Are inhaled corticosteroids effective for acute exacerbations of asthma in children? J Pediatr. 2003;142(suppl):26S-33S.
    • (2003) J Pediatr , vol.142 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Hendeles, L.1    Sherman, J.2
  • 87
    • 0041630633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treating exacerbations of asthma in children: The role of systemic corticosteroids
    • Rachelefsky G. Treating exacerbations of asthma in children: the role of systemic corticosteroids. Pediatrics. 2003;112:382-397.
    • (2003) Pediatrics , vol.112 , pp. 382-397
    • Rachelefsky, G.1
  • 89
    • 84965922983 scopus 로고
    • Corticosteroids for acute severe asthma
    • Kelly HW, Murphy S. Corticosteroids for acute severe asthma. DICP. 1991;25:72-79.
    • (1991) DICP , vol.25 , pp. 72-79
    • Kelly, H.W.1    Murphy, S.2
  • 90
    • 0037326839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selecting a systemic corticosteroid for acute asthma in young children
    • Hendeles L. Selecting a systemic corticosteroid for acute asthma in young children. J Pediatr. 2003;142 (suppl):40S-44S.
    • (2003) J Pediatr , vol.142 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Hendeles, L.1
  • 91
    • 0036727140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between bacterial colonization and the frequency, character, and severity of COPD exacerbations
    • Patel IS, Seemungal TA, Wilks M, et al. Relationship between bacterial colonization and the frequency, character, and severity of COPD exacerbations. Thorax. 2002;57:759-764.
    • (2002) Thorax , vol.57 , pp. 759-764
    • Patel, I.S.1    Seemungal, T.A.2    Wilks, M.3
  • 92
    • 0028918620 scopus 로고
    • Antibiotics in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A meta analysis
    • Saint S, Bent S, Vittinghoff E, Grady G. Antibiotics in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A meta analysis. JAMA. 1995;273:957-960.
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.273 , pp. 957-960
    • Saint, S.1    Bent, S.2    Vittinghoff, E.3    Grady, G.4
  • 93
    • 0027464647 scopus 로고
    • Prospective study of aetiology and outcome of adult lower respiratory tract infections in the community
    • MacFarlane JT, Colville A, Guion A, MacFarlane RM, Rose DH. Prospective study of aetiology and outcome of adult lower respiratory tract infections in the community. Lancet. 1993;341:511-514.
    • (1993) Lancet , vol.341 , pp. 511-514
    • MacFarlane, J.T.1    Colville, A.2    Guion, A.3    MacFarlane, R.M.4    Rose, D.H.5
  • 95
    • 0032797581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of viral, Chlamydia pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in exacerbations of asthma in children
    • Freymuth F, Vabert A, Brouard J, et al. Detection of viral, Chlamydia pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in exacerbations of asthma in children. J Clin Virol. 1999;13:131-139.
    • (1999) J Clin Virol , vol.13 , pp. 131-139
    • Freymuth, F.1    Vabert, A.2    Brouard, J.3
  • 96
    • 0027525233 scopus 로고
    • Respiratory viruses and exacerbations of asthma in adults
    • Nicholson K, Kent J, Ireland D. Respiratory viruses and exacerbations of asthma in adults. BMJ. 1993;307: 982-986.
    • (1993) BMJ , vol.307 , pp. 982-986
    • Nicholson, K.1    Kent, J.2    Ireland, D.3
  • 97
    • 0028990124 scopus 로고
    • Community study of the role of viral infections in exacerbations of asthma in 9-11 year old children
    • Johnston SL, Pattermore PK, Sanderson G, et al. Community study of the role of viral infections in exacerbations of asthma in 9-11 year old children. BMJ. 1995;310:1225-1229.
    • (1995) BMJ , vol.310 , pp. 1225-1229
    • Johnston, S.L.1    Pattermore, P.K.2    Sanderson, G.3
  • 98
    • 0037324346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment strategies for viral respiratory infection-induced asthma
    • Weinberger M. Treatment strategies for viral respiratory infection-induced asthma. J Pediatr. 2003;142 (suppl):S34-S39.
    • (2003) J Pediatr , vol.142 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Weinberger, M.1
  • 99
    • 0033812383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous magnesium sulfate treatment for acute asthma in the emergency department: A systematic review of the literature
    • Rowe BH, Bretzlaff JA, Bourdon C, et al. Intravenous magnesium sulfate treatment for acute asthma in the emergency department: a systematic review of the literature. Ann Emerg Med. 2000;36:181-190.
    • (2000) Ann Emerg Med , vol.36 , pp. 181-190
    • Rowe, B.H.1    Bretzlaff, J.A.2    Bourdon, C.3
  • 100
    • 0034067320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous magnesium as an adjuvant in acute bronchospasm: A meta-analysis of randomized trials
    • Rodrigo GJ, Rodrigo C, Burschtin O. Intravenous magnesium as an adjuvant in acute bronchospasm: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Am J Emerg Med. 2000;18:216-221.
    • (2000) Am J Emerg Med , vol.18 , pp. 216-221
    • Rodrigo, G.J.1    Rodrigo, C.2    Burschtin, O.3
  • 101
    • 18544378154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IV magnesium sulfate in the treatment of acute severe asthma: A multicenter randomized controlled trial
    • Silverman RA, Osborn H, Runge J, et al. IV magnesium sulfate in the treatment of acute severe asthma: a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Chest. 2002;122:489-497.
    • (2002) Chest , vol.122 , pp. 489-497
    • Silverman, R.A.1    Osborn, H.2    Runge, J.3
  • 102
    • 0037190082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive ventilation for acute respiratory failure
    • Brochard L. Noninvasive ventilation for acute respiratory failure. JAMA. 2002;288:932-935.
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , pp. 932-935
    • Brochard, L.1
  • 103
    • 0037464756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation to treat respiratory failure from exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Cochrane systematic review and meta analysis
    • Lightowler JV, Wedzicha JA, Elliot MW, Ram FS. Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation to treat respiratory failure from exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Cochrane systematic review and meta analysis. BMJ. 2003;326:185-189.
    • (2003) BMJ , vol.326 , pp. 185-189
    • Lightowler, J.V.1    Wedzicha, J.A.2    Elliot, M.W.3    Ram, F.S.4
  • 104
    • 0034600516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early use of noninvasive ventilation for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on general respiratory wards: A multicentre randomized controlled trial
    • Plant PK, Owen JL, Elliot MW. Early use of noninvasive ventilation for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on general respiratory wards: a multicentre randomized controlled trial. Lancet. 2000;355:1931-1935.
    • (2000) Lancet , vol.355 , pp. 1931-1935
    • Plant, P.K.1    Owen, J.L.2    Elliot, M.W.3
  • 105
    • 0035089474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive mechanical ventilation in status asthmaticus
    • Fernandez MM, Villagral A, Blanchl L, et al. Noninvasive mechanical ventilation in status asthmaticus. Intensive Care Med. 2001;27:486-492.
    • (2001) Intensive Care Med , vol.27 , pp. 486-492
    • Fernandez, M.M.1    Villagral, A.2    Blanchl, L.3
  • 106
    • 0037390456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pilot prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of bilevel positive airway pressure in acute asthmatic attack
    • Soroksky A, Stav D, Shpirer I. A pilot prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of bilevel positive airway pressure in acute asthmatic attack. Chest. 2003;123:1018-1025.
    • (2003) Chest , vol.123 , pp. 1018-1025
    • Soroksky, A.1    Stav, D.2    Shpirer, I.3
  • 107
    • 0036185459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-invasive ventilation in acute respiratory failure
    • British Thoracic Society Standards of Care Committee. Non-invasive ventilation in acute respiratory failure. Thorax. 2002;57:192-211.
    • (2002) Thorax , vol.57 , pp. 192-211
  • 108
    • 0003256789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mucolytic agents for chronic bronchitis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Poole PJ, Black PN. Mucolytic agents for chronic bronchitis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003.
    • (2003) Cochrane Database Syst Rev
    • Poole, P.J.1    Black, P.N.2
  • 109
    • 0033843250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of helium-oxygen on intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure in intubated and mechanically ventilated patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Tassaux D, Jolliet P, Roeseler J. Effects of helium-oxygen on intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure in intubated and mechanically ventilated patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Crit Care Med. 2000;28:2721-2728.
    • (2000) Crit Care Med , vol.28 , pp. 2721-2728
    • Tassaux, D.1    Jolliet, P.2    Roeseler, J.3
  • 110
    • 0037337208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heliox versus air-oxygen mixtures for the treatment of patients with acute asthma: A systematic review
    • Ho AMH, Lee A, Karmakar MK, et al. Heliox versus air-oxygen mixtures for the treatment of patients with acute asthma: a systematic review. Chest. 2003;123: 882-890.
    • (2003) Chest , vol.123 , pp. 882-890
    • Ho, A.M.H.1    Lee, A.2    Karmakar, M.K.3
  • 111
    • 0037338429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of helium-oxygen mixtures in the treatment of acute asthma: A systematic review
    • Rodrigo GJ, Rodrigo C, Pollack CV, Rowe B. Use of helium-oxygen mixtures in the treatment of acute asthma: a systematic review. Chest. 2003;123:891-896.
    • (2003) Chest , vol.123 , pp. 891-896
    • Rodrigo, G.J.1    Rodrigo, C.2    Pollack, C.V.3    Rowe, B.4
  • 112
    • 0037193820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-leukotrienes as add-on therapy to inhaled glucocorticoids in patients with asthma: Systematic review of current evidence
    • Ducharme FM. Anti-leukotrienes as add-on therapy to inhaled glucocorticoids in patients with asthma: systematic review of current evidence. BMJ. 2002;324:1-7.
    • (2002) BMJ , vol.324 , pp. 1-7
    • Ducharme, F.M.1
  • 113
    • 0037211976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhaled corticosteroids and leukotriene modifiers in the acute treatment of asthma exacerbations
    • Foresi A, Paggiaro P. Inhaled corticosteroids and leukotriene modifiers in the acute treatment of asthma exacerbations. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2003;9:52-56.
    • (2003) Curr Opin Pulm Med , vol.9 , pp. 52-56
    • Foresi, A.1    Paggiaro, P.2
  • 114
    • 0037441916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized controlled trial of intravenous montelukast in acute asthma
    • Camargo CA, Smithline MA, Malice MP, et al. A randomized controlled trial of intravenous montelukast in acute asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003; 166:528-533.
    • (2003) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.166 , pp. 528-533
    • Camargo, C.A.1    Smithline, M.A.2    Malice, M.P.3
  • 115
    • 0033837327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous montelukast in acute asthma: Expensive aminophylline?
    • Dempsey OJ, Lipworth BJ. Intravenous montelukast in acute asthma: expensive aminophylline? Thorax. 2000;55:808-809.
    • (2000) Thorax , vol.55 , pp. 808-809
    • Dempsey, O.J.1    Lipworth, B.J.2
  • 118
    • 0028048820 scopus 로고
    • The efficacy and cost effectiveness of vaccination against influenza among elderly persons living in the community
    • Nichol KL, Margolis KL, Wuorenma J, Von Sternberg T. The efficacy and cost effectiveness of vaccination against influenza among elderly persons living in the community. N Engl J Med. 1994;331:778-784.
    • (1994) N Engl J Med , vol.331 , pp. 778-784
    • Nichol, K.L.1    Margolis, K.L.2    Wuorenma, J.3    Von Sternberg, T.4
  • 119
    • 0033998557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suboptimal medical care in COPD: Exploring the causes and consequences
    • Ramsey SD. Suboptimal medical care in COPD: exploring the causes and consequences. Chest. 2000; 117(suppl):S33-S37.
    • (2000) Chest , vol.117 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Ramsey, S.D.1
  • 120
    • 0033538313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhaled budesonide in addition to oral corticosteroids to prevent asthma relapse following discharge from the emergency department: A randomized controlled trial
    • Rowe BH, Bota GW, Fabris L, Therrien SA, Milner RA, Jacono J. Inhaled budesonide in addition to oral corticosteroids to prevent asthma relapse following discharge from the emergency department: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 1999;281:2119-2126.
    • (1999) JAMA , vol.281 , pp. 2119-2126
    • Rowe, B.H.1    Bota, G.W.2    Fabris, L.3    Therrien, S.A.4    Milner, R.A.5    Jacono, J.6
  • 121
    • 0037158108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-dose inhaled corticosteroid therapy and risk of emergency department visits for asthma
    • Sin DD, Man SF. Low-dose inhaled corticosteroid therapy and risk of emergency department visits for asthma. Arch Intern Med. 2003;162:1591-1595.
    • (2003) Arch Intern Med , vol.162 , pp. 1591-1595
    • Sin, D.D.1    Man, S.F.2
  • 122
    • 1642577220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhaled anti-inflammatory pharmacotherapy and subsequent hospitalizations and emergency department visits among patients with asthma in the Texas Medicaid program
    • Smith MJ, Rascati KL, McWilliams BC. Inhaled anti-inflammatory pharmacotherapy and subsequent hospitalizations and emergency department visits among patients with asthma in the Texas Medicaid program. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2004;92:40-46.
    • (2004) Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol , vol.92 , pp. 40-46
    • Smith, M.J.1    Rascati, K.L.2    McWilliams, B.C.3
  • 125
    • 0027209743 scopus 로고
    • Allergist influence on asthma care
    • Mahr TA, Evans R 3rd. Allergist influence on asthma care. Ann Allergy. 1993;71:115-120.
    • (1993) Ann Allergy , vol.71 , pp. 115-120
    • Mahr, T.A.1    Evans III, R.2
  • 126
    • 0030937027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost effectiveness of an allergy consultation in the management of asthma
    • Westley CR, Spiecher B, Starr L, et al. Cost effectiveness of an allergy consultation in the management of asthma. Allergy Asthma Proc. 1997;18:15-18.
    • (1997) Allergy Asthma Proc , vol.18 , pp. 15-18
    • Westley, C.R.1    Spiecher, B.2    Starr, L.3
  • 127
    • 0030987765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specialty differences in the management of asthma. A cross-sectional assessment of allergists' patients and generalists' patients in a large HMO
    • Vollmer WM, O'Hollaren M, Ettinger KM, et al. Specialty differences in the management of asthma. A cross-sectional assessment of allergists' patients and generalists' patients in a large HMO. Arch Intern Med. 1997;157:1201-1208.
    • (1997) Arch Intern Med , vol.157 , pp. 1201-1208
    • Vollmer, W.M.1    O'Hollaren, M.2    Ettinger, K.M.3
  • 128
    • 0034063846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcomes evaluation of a comprehensive intervention program for asthmatic children enrolled in Medicaid
    • Kelly CS, Morrow AL, Shults J, Nakas N, Strope GL, Adelman RD. Outcomes evaluation of a comprehensive intervention program for asthmatic children enrolled in Medicaid. Pediatrics. 2000;105:1029-1035.
    • (2000) Pediatrics , vol.105 , pp. 1029-1035
    • Kelly, C.S.1    Morrow, A.L.2    Shults, J.3    Nakas, N.4    Strope, G.L.5    Adelman, R.D.6
  • 129
    • 0037339108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhaled corticosteroids and allergy specialty care reduce emergency hospital use for asthma
    • Schatz M, Cook EF, Nakahiro R, Petitti D. Inhaled corticosteroids and allergy specialty care reduce emergency hospital use for asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2003;111:503-508.
    • (2003) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.111 , pp. 503-508
    • Schatz, M.1    Cook, E.F.2    Nakahiro, R.3    Petitti, D.4
  • 131
  • 132
  • 133
    • 0037270197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Future treatment strategies for COPD
    • Friedman M. Future treatment strategies for COPD. Clin Cornerstone. 2003;5:45-51.
    • (2003) Clin Cornerstone , vol.5 , pp. 45-51
    • Friedman, M.1
  • 134
    • 1542544443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current and emerging therapies for the management of chronic inflammation in asthma
    • DeKorte CJ. Current and emerging therapies for the management of chronic inflammation in asthma. Am J Health-Syst Pharm. 2003;60:1949-1959.
    • (2003) Am J Health-Syst Pharm , vol.60 , pp. 1949-1959
    • DeKorte, C.J.1
  • 135
    • 0642277991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emerging therapeutic strategies for asthma management
    • Sullivan SD, Meltzer EO. Emerging therapeutic strategies for asthma management. J Manag Care Pharm. 2003;9(suppl):S14-S21.
    • (2003) J Manag Care Pharm , vol.9 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Sullivan, S.D.1    Meltzer, E.O.2
  • 136
    • 0035744652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokines in asthma
    • Kips JC. Cytokines in asthma. Eur Respir J. 2001;18(suppl):S24-S33.
    • (2001) Eur Respir J , vol.18 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Kips, J.C.1
  • 137
    • 0034960520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New anti-asthma therapies: Suppression of the effect of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5
    • Kips JC, Tournoy KG, Pauwels RA. New anti-asthma therapies: suppression of the effect of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5. Eur Respir J. 2001;17:499-506.
    • (2001) Eur Respir J , vol.17 , pp. 499-506
    • Kips, J.C.1    Tournoy, K.G.2    Pauwels, R.A.3
  • 138
    • 0030854551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ineffectiveness of a four-week treatment with the thromboxane synthetase inhibitor, imidazole salycilate, in reducing airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine in asthmatics
    • Peccini F, Dottorini ML, Casucci G, et al. Ineffectiveness of a four-week treatment with the thromboxane synthetase inhibitor, imidazole salycilate, in reducing airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine in asthmatics. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. 1997;52:130-137.
    • (1997) Monaldi Arch Chest Dis , vol.52 , pp. 130-137
    • Peccini, F.1    Dottorini, M.L.2    Casucci, G.3
  • 139
    • 0034942625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cilomilast. A second generation phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Giembycz MA. Cilomilast. A second generation phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Expert Opin Invest Drugs. 2001;10:1361-1379.
    • (2001) Expert Opin Invest Drugs , vol.10 , pp. 1361-1379
    • Giembycz, M.A.1
  • 140
    • 0036259277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alpha 4 integrin antagonists
    • Jackson DY. Alpha 4 integrin antagonists. Curr Pharm Des. 2002;8:1229-1253.
    • (2002) Curr Pharm Des , vol.8 , pp. 1229-1253
    • Jackson, D.Y.1
  • 143
    • 0031818606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhaled corticosteroids and the prevention of readmission to hospital for asthma
    • Blais L, Ernst P, Boivin JF, Suissa S. Inhaled corticosteroids and the prevention of readmission to hospital for asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1998;158:126-132.
    • (1998) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.158 , pp. 126-132
    • Blais, L.1    Ernst, P.2    Boivin, J.F.3    Suissa, S.4
  • 144
    • 0036794844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regular use of inhaled corticosteroids and the long term prevention of hospitalisation for asthma
    • Suissa S, Ernst P, Kezouh A. Regular use of inhaled corticosteroids and the long term prevention of hospitalisation for asthma. Thorax. 2002;57:880-884.
    • (2002) Thorax , vol.57 , pp. 880-884
    • Suissa, S.1    Ernst, P.2    Kezouh, A.3
  • 145
    • 0030929504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outpatient management practices associated with reduced risk of pediatric asthma hospitalization and emergency department visits
    • Lieu TA, Quesenberry CP Jr, Capra AM, Sorel ME, Martin KE, Mendoza GR. Outpatient management practices associated with reduced risk of pediatric asthma hospitalization and emergency department visits. Pediatrics. 1997;100(3 pt 1):334-341.
    • (1997) Pediatrics , vol.100 , Issue.3 PART 1 , pp. 334-341
    • Lieu, T.A.1    Quesenberry Jr., C.P.2    Capra, A.M.3    Sorel, M.E.4    Martin, K.E.5    Mendoza, G.R.6
  • 146
    • 0031457452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of a peak flow-based action plan in the prevention of exacerbations of asthma
    • Cowie RL, Revitt SG, Underwood MF, Field SK. The effect of a peak flow-based action plan in the prevention of exacerbations of asthma. Chest. 1997;112: 1534-1538.
    • (1997) Chest , vol.112 , pp. 1534-1538
    • Cowie, R.L.1    Revitt, S.G.2    Underwood, M.F.3    Field, S.K.4
  • 147
    • 0034046792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors associated with hospital admissions and repeat emergency department visits for adults with asthma
    • Adams RJ, Smith BJ, Ruffin RE. Factors associated with hospital admissions and repeat emergency department visits for adults with asthma. Thorax. 2000;55:566-573.
    • (2000) Thorax , vol.55 , pp. 566-573
    • Adams, R.J.1    Smith, B.J.2    Ruffin, R.E.3
  • 148
    • 0035152064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are asthma medications and management related to deaths from asthma?
    • Abramson MJ, Bailey MJ, Couper FJ, et al. Are asthma medications and management related to deaths from asthma? Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;163:12-18.
    • (2001) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.163 , pp. 12-18
    • Abramson, M.J.1    Bailey, M.J.2    Couper, F.J.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.