Levalbuterol Compared with Racemic Albuterol in the Treatment of Acute Asthma: Results of a Pilot Study

American Journal of Emergency Medicine

Volumn 22, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 29-36

  Nowak, Richard M ^a,e   Emerman, Charles L ^b   Schaefer, Kendyl ^c   Disantostefano, Rachel L ^d   Vaickus, Louis ^c   Roach, James M ^c  

^a HENRY FORD HEALTH SYSTEM   (United States)

^b MetroHealth Center ^*  (United States)

^c SUNOVION PHARMACEUTICALS INC   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA   (United States)

^e HENRY FORD HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

(S) albuterol; Acute asthma; Bronchoconstriction; Bronchodilator; ED; Levalbuterol; Racemic albuterol; 2 agonist

Indexed keywords

BRONCHODILATING AGENT; LEVALBUTEROL; SALBUTAMOL;

ACUTE DISEASE; ADULT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ARTICLE; ASTHMA; BRONCHODILATATION; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMPARATIVE STUDY; DOSE RESPONSE; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG TOLERABILITY; FEMALE; FORCED EXPIRATORY VOLUME; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PILOT STUDY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; SIDE EFFECT; STEREOISOMERISM; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 0742323182     PISSN: 07356757     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2003.11.001     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 2: Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma. Bethesda, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, Publication no. 97-4051, 1997
2. Strauss L, Hejal R, Galan G, et al: Observations on the effects of aerosolized albuterol in acute asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997;155:454-458
3. Rodrigo C, Rodrigo G: Therapeutic response patterns to high and cumulative doses of salbutamol in acute severe asthma. Chest 1998;113:593-598
4. Lin R, Pesola G, Bakalchuk L, et al: Superiority of ipratropium plus albuterol over albuterol alone in the emergency department management of adult asthma: a randomized clinical trial. Ann Emer Med 1998;21:208-213
5. McFadden ER, Elsanadi N, Dixon L, et al: Protocol therapy for acute asthma: therapeutic benefits and cost savings. Am J Med 1995;99:651-661
6. Rudnitsky G, Eberlein R, Schoffstall J, et al: Comparison of intermittent and continuously nebulized albuterol for treatment of asthma in an urban emergency department. Ann Emer Med 1993; 22:1842-1846
7. Stanford R, McLaughlin T, Okamoto L: The cost of asthma in the emergency department and hospital. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999;160:211-215
8. Rodrigo G, Rodrigo C: First-line therapy for adult patients with acute asthma receiving a multiple-dose protocol of ipratropium bromide plus albuterol in the emergency department. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000;161:1862-1868
9. Smith D, Malone D, Lawson K, et al: A national estimate of the economic costs of asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997;156: 787-793
10. Qureshi F, Pestian J, Davis P, et al: Effect on nebulized ipratropium bromide on the hospitalization rates of children with asthma. N Engl J Med 1998;339:1030-1035
11. McFadden E, Strauss L, Hejal R, et al: Comparison of two dosage regimens of albuterol in acute asthma. Am J Med 1998;105: 12-17
12. Schmekel B, Rydberg I, Norlander B, et al: Stereoselective pharmacokinetics of S-salbutamol after administration of the race-mate in healthy volunteers. Eur Respir J 1999;13:1230-1235
13. 2-adrenergic receptors. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 1996;14:37-45
14. Baramki D, Koester J, Anderson A, et al: Modulation of T-cell function by (R)- and (S)-isomers of albuterol: anti-inflammatory influences of (R)-isomers are negated in the presence of the (S)-isomer. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2002;109:449-454
15. Boulton D, Fawcett JP: Enantioselective disposition of salbutamol in man following oral and intravenous administration. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1996;41:35-40
16. Gumbhir-Shah K, Kellerman D, DeGraw S, et al: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics and safety of inhaled albuterol enantiomers in healthy volunteers. J Clin Pharmacol 1998; 38:1096-1106
17. Gumbhir-Shah K, Kellerman D, DeGraw S, et al: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cumulative single doses of inhaled salbutamol enantiomers in asthmatic subjects. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 1999;12:353-362
18. Mitra S, Ugur M, Ugur O, et al: (S)-Albuterol increases intracellular free calcium by muscarinic receptor activation and a phospholipase C-dependent mechanism in airway smooth muscle. Mol Pharmacol 1998;53:347-354
19. Yamaguchi H, McCullough JR: S-Albuterol exacerbates calcium responses to carbachol in airway smooth muscle cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1996;14:47-55
20. Morley J: Anomalous effects of albuterol and other sympathomimetics in the guinea pig. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 1996;14: 65-89
21. Hoshiko K, Morley J: Exacerbation of airway hyperreactivity by (±) salbutamol in sensitized guinea pigs. Jpn J Pharmacol 1993b;63:159-163
22. Johansson F, Rydberg I, Aberg GEffects of albuterol enantiomers on in vitro bronchial reactivity: Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 1996;14:57-64
23. Volchek G, Gleich G, Kita HPro- and anti-inflammatory effects of beta adrenergic agonists on eosophinilresponse to IL-5J Allergy Clin Immunol101suppl1998S35 [Abstract]
24. Templeton A, Chapman I, Chilvers E, et al: Effects of S-salbutamol on isolated human bronchus. Pulmon Pharmacol Ther 1998;11:1-6
25. Leff AR, Herrnreiter A, Naclerio RM, et al: Effect of enantiomeric forms of albuterol on stimulated secretion of granular protein from human eosinophils. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 1997;10:97-104
26. Cho S, Hartleroad J, Oh C: (S)-albuterol increases the production of histamine and IL-4 in mast cells. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2001;124:478-484
27. Walle T, Eaton E, Walle U, et al: Stereoselective metabolism of RS-albuterol in humans. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 1996;14:101-113
28. Dhand R, Goode M, Reid R, et al: Preferential pulmonary retention of (S)-albuterol after inhalation of racemic albuterol. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999;160:1136-1141
29. Fried K, Koch P, Wainer I: Determination of the enantiomers of albuterol in human and canine plasma by enantioselective high-performance liquid chromatography on a teicoplanin-based chiral stationary phase. Chirality 1998;10:484-491
30. Shrestha M, Bidadi K, Gourlay S, et al: Continuous vs intermittent albuterol, at high and low doses, in the treatment of severe acute asthma in adults. Chest 1996;110:42-47
31. Gawchik S, Saccar C, Noonan M, et al: The safety and efficacy of nebulized levalbuterol compared with racemic albuterol and placebo in the treatment of asthma in pediatric patients. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1999;103:615-621
32. Milgrom H, Skoner D, Bensch G, et al: Low-dose levalbuterol in children with asthma: safety and efficacy compared with placebo and racemic albuterol. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001;108:938-945
33. Nelson H, Bensch G, Pleskow W, et al: Improved bronchodilation with levalbuterol compared to racemic albuterol in patients with asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1998;102:943-952
34. Rodrigo G, Rodrigo C: Assessment of the patient with acute asthma in the emergency department: a factor analytic study. Chest 1993;104:1325-1328
35. Carl JC, Myers TR, Kirchner HL, et al: Comparison of racemic albuterol and levalbuterol for treatment of acute asthma. J Peds 2003;143:731-736
36. Schreck D, Brotea C, Shah S: Comparison of racemic albuterol and levalbuterol in the treatment of acute asthma. Ann Emerg Med 2001;38:S10 [Abstract]
37. Lin R, Smith A, Hergenroeder P: High serum albuterol levels and tachycardia in adult asthmatics treated with high-dose continuously aerosolized albuterol. Chest 1993;103:221-225
38. Emerman C, Cydulka R, McFadden E: Comparison of 2.5 vs 7.5 mg of inhaled albuterol in the treatment of acute asthma. Chest 1999;115:92-96
39. Reisner C, Kotch A, Dworkin G: Continuous versus frequent intermittent nebulization of albuterol in acute asthma: a randomized, prospective study. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 1995;75:41-47