High dose of phytoestrogens can reverse the antiestrogenic effects of clomiphene citrate on the endometrium in patients undergoing intrauterine insemination: A randomized trial

Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation

Volumn 11, Issue 5, 2004, Pages 323-328

  Unfer, Vittorio ^a   Casini, Maria Luisa ^b   Costabile, Loredana ^b   Mignosa, Marcella ^b   Gerli, Sandro ^b   Di Renzo, Gian Carlo ^b  

^a AGUNCO Obstetrics and Gynecology Centre   (Italy)

^b NONE

Author keywords

Clomiphene citrate; intrauterine insemination; isoflavone; phytoestrogens

Indexed keywords

CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN; CLOMIFENE CITRATE; ESTRADIOL; FOLLITROPIN; LUTEINIZING HORMONE; PHYTOESTROGEN;

ADULT; AMENORRHEA; ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG MEGADOSE; ENDOMETRIUM; FEMALE; FEMALE INFERTILITY; FOLLITROPIN BLOOD LEVEL; HORMONE BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; INTRAUTERINE INSEMINATION; LUTEINIZING HORMONE BLOOD LEVEL; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; OLIGOMENORRHEA; OVULATION INDUCTION; PREGNANCY RATE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SEX HORMONE DETERMINATION; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; UTERINE ARTERY;

ABORTION, SPONTANEOUS; ADULT; AMENORRHEA; CLOMIPHENE; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; ENDOMETRIUM; ESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATORS; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFERTILITY, FEMALE; INSEMINATION, ARTIFICIAL, HOMOLOGOUS; PHYTOESTROGENS; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY OUTCOME;

EID: 3042633555     PISSN: 10715576     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsgi.2003.12.007     Document Type: Article

References (64)

1. Greenblatt R.B., Barfield W.E., Jungck E.C., Ray A.W. Induction of ovulation with MRL-41. JAMA. 178:1961;101-106
2. Biljan M.M., Mahutte N.G., Tulandi T., Lin Tan S. Prospective randomized double-blind trial of the correlation between time of administration and antiestrogenic effects of clomiphene citrate on reproductive end organs. Fertil Steril. 71:1999;633-638
3. WHO Scientific Group Report. Consultation on the diagnosis and treatment of endocrine forms of female infertility. WHO Technical Report Series 514. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1976
4. Barbieri R.L. Infertility. Yen S.S.C., Jaffe R.B., Barbieri R.L. Reproductive endocrinology. 4th ed:1999;526-593 W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia
5. Shepard M.K., Balmaceda J.P., Leija C.G. Relation of weight to successful induction of ovulation with clomiphene citrate. Fertil Steril. 32:1979;641-645
6. Lobo R.A., Gysler M., March C.M., Goebelsmann U., Mishell D.R. Jr. Clinical and laboratory predictors of clomiphene response. Fertil Steril. 37:1982;168-174
7. Speroff L, Glass RH, Kase NG. Induction of ovulation. In: Clinical gynecologic endocrinology and infertility. 5th ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1998:903-4
8. Hammond M.G., Halme J.K., Talbert L.M. Factors affecting the pregnancy rate in clomiphene citrate induction of ovulation. Obstet Gynecol. 62:1983;196-202
9. Tiitinen A.E., Laatikainen T.J., Seppala M.T. Serum levels of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 and ovulatory responses to clomiphene citrate in women with polycystic ovarian disease. Fertil Steril. 60:1993;58-62
10. Wu C.H., Winkel C.A. The effect of therapy initiation day on clomiphene citrate therapy. Fertil Steril. 37:1982;441-444
11. Gysler M., March C.M., Mishell D.R., Bailey E.J. A decade's experience with an individualized clomiphene treatment regimen including its effect on the postcoital test. Fertil Steril. 37:1982;161-167
12. Drake T.S., Tredway D.R., Buchanan G.C. Continued clinical experience with an increasing dosage regimen of clomiphene citrate administration. Fertil Steril. 30:1978;274-277
13. Massai M.R., de Ziegler D., Lesobre V., Bergeron C., Frydman R., Bouchard P. Clomiphene citrate affects cervical in plasma hormonal levels induced by multiple follicular recruitment. Fertil Steril. 59:1993;1179-1186
14. Gelety T.J., Buyalos R.P. The effect of clomiphene citrate and menopausal gonadotropins on cervical mucus in ovulatory cycles. Fertil Steril. 60:1993;471-476
15. Hsu C.C., Kuo H.C., Wang S.T., Huang K.E. Interference with uterine blood flow by clomiphene citrate in women with unexplained infertility. Obstet Gynecol. 86:1995;917-921
16. Xu X., Wang H.J., Murphy P.A., Hendrich S. Neither background diet nor type of soy food affects short-term isoflavone bioavailability in women. J Nutr. 130:2000;798-801
17. Morito K., Aomori T., Hirose T., et al. Interaction of phytoestrogens with estrogen receptors alpha and beta (II). Biol Pharm Bull. 25:2002;48-52
18. Heikaus S., Winterhager E., Traub O., Grummer R. Responsiveness of endometrial genes Connexin26, Connexin43, C3 and clusterin to primary estrogen, selective estrogen receptor modulators, phyto- and xenoestrogens. J Mol Endocrinol. 29:2002;239-249
19. Adlercreutz H. Phyto-oestrogens and cancer. Lancet Oncol. 3:2002;364-373
20. Barnes S., Peterson T.G., Coward L. Rationale for the use of genistein-containing soy matrices in chemoprevention trials for breast and prostate cancer. J Cell Biochem. 22:(Suppl):1995;181-187
21. Mueller S.O., Kling M., Arifin Firzani P., et al. Activation of estrogen receptor alpha and ERbeta by 4-methylbenzylidene-camphor in human and rat cells Comparison with phyto- and xenoestrogens. Toxicol Lett. 142:2003;89-101
22. Rickard D.J., Monroe D.G., Ruesink T.J., Khosla S., Riggs B.L., Spelsberg T.C. Phytoestrogen genistein acts as an estrogen agonist on human osteoblastic cells through estrogen receptors alpha and beta. J Cell Biochem. 89:2003;633-646
23. Lee Y., Jin Y., Lim W., et al. A ginsenoside-Rh1, a component of ginseng saponin, activates estrogen receptor in human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 84:2003;463-468
24. Pearce V., Nawaz Z., Xiao W., Wiedenfeld D., Boyle N., Smith D. 4-Ethoxymethylphenol A novel phytoestrogen that acts as an agonist for human estrogen receptors. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 84:2003;431-439
25. Morito K., Hirose T., Kinjo J. Interaction of phytoestrogens with estrogen receptors alpha and beta. Biol Pharm Bull. 24:2001;351-356
26. Pike A.C., Brzozowski A.M., Hubbard R.E., et al. Structure of the ligand-binding domain of oestrogen receptor beta in the presence of a partial agonist and a full antagonist. EMBO J. 18:1999;4608-4618
27. Barkhem T., Carlsson B., Nilsson Y., Enmark E., Gustafsson J., Nilsson S. Differential response of estrogen receptor alpha and estrogen receptor beta to partial estrogen agonists/antagonists. Mol Pharmacol. 54:1998;105-112
28. Belcher S.M., Zsarnovszky A. Estrogenic actions in the brain Estrogen, phytoestrogens, and rapid intracellular signalling mechanisms. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 299:2001;408-414
29. Diel P., Schulz T., Smolnikar K., Strunck E., Vollmer G., Michna H. Ability of xeno- and phytoestrogens to modulate expression of estrogen-sensitive genes in rat uterus Estrogenicity profiles and uterotropic activity. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 73:2000;1-10
30. Diel P., Smolnikar K., Schulz T., Laudenbach-Leschowski U., Michna H., Vollmer G. Phytoestrogens and carcinogenesis-differential effects of genistein in experimental models of normal and malignant rat endometrium. Hum Reprod. 16:2001;997-1006
31. Song T.T., Hendrich S., Murphy P.A. Estrogenic activity of glycitein, a soy isoflavone. J Agric Food Chem. 47:1999;1607-1610. Erratum in: J Agric Food Chem 2002;50:2470
32. Rickard D.J., Monroe D.G., Ruesink T.J., Khosla S., Riggs B.L., Spelsberg T.C. Phytoestrogen genistein acts as an estrogen agonist on human osteoblastic cells through estrogen receptors alpha and beta. J Cell Biochem. 89:2003;633-646
33. Lian Z., Niwa K., Tagami K., et al. Preventive effects of isoflavones, genistein and daidzein, on estradiol-17beta-related endometrial carcinogenesis in mice. Jpn J Cancer Res. 92:2001;726-734
34. Casanova M., You L., Gaido K.W., Archibeque-Engle S., Janszen D.B., Heck H.A. Developmental effects of dietary phytoestrogens in Sprague-Dawley rats and interactions of genistein and daidzein with rat estrogen receptors alpha and beta in vitro. Toxicol Sci. 51:1999;236-244
35. Zhang Y., Song T.T., Cunnick J.E., Murphy P.A., Hendrich S. Daidzein and genistein glucuronides in vitro are weakly estrogenic and activate human natural killer cells at nutritionally relevant concentrations. J Nutr. 129:1999;399-405
36. Schmitt E., Dekant W., Stopper H. Assaying the estrogenicity of phytoestrogens in cells of different estrogen sensitive tissues. Toxicol In Vitro. 15:2001;433-439
37. Jefferson W.N., Padilla-Banks E., Clark G., Newbold R.R. Assessing estrogenic activity of phytochemicals using transcriptional activation and immature mouse uterotrophic responses. J Chromatogr B Anal Technol Biomed Life Sci. 777:2002;179-189
38. Balk J.L., Whiteside D.A., Naus G., DeFerrari E., Roberts J.M. A pilot study of the effects of phytoestrogen supplementation on postmenopausal endometrium. J Soc Gynecol Investig. 9:2002;238-242
39. Penotti M, Fabio E, Modena AB, Rinaldi M, Omodei U, Vigano P. Effect of soy-derived isoflavones on hot flushes, endometrial thickness and the pulsatility index of the uterine and cerebral arteries. Fertil Steril 2003;79:1112-7
40. Upmalis D.H., Lobo R., Bradley L., Warren M., Cone F.L., Lamia C.A. Vasomotor symptom relief by soy isoflavone extract tablets in postmenopausal women A multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Menopause. 7:2000;422-426
41. Sammartino A., Di Carlo C., Mandato V.D., Bifulco G., Di Stefano M., Nappi C. Effects of genistein on the endometrium Ultrasonographic evaluation. Gynecol Endocrinol. 17:2003;45-49
42. Zaidi J., Jurgovic D., Campbell S., et al. Circadian variation in uterine artery blood flow during the follicular phase of menstrual cycle. Ultrasound Obstet Ginecol. 5:1995;406-411
43. World Health Organization. Laboratory manual for the examination of human semen-cervical mucus interaction. 2nd ed. Cambridge: The Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge, 1987:3-10
44. Garcia J., Jones G.S., Wentz A.C. The use of clomiphene citrate. Fertil Steril. 28:1977;707-717
45. Goldfarb A.F., Morales A., Rakoff A.E., Protos P. Critical review of 160 clomiphene-related pregnancies. Obstet Gynecol. 31:1968;342-345
46. Goldstein D., Zuckerman H., Harpaz S., et al. Correlation between estradiol and progesterone in cycles with luteal phase deficiency. Fertil Steril. 37:1982;348-354
47. Hall E.V., van Mastboom J.L. Luteal phase insufficiency in patients treated with clomiphene. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 15:1969;165-171
48. Sterzik K., Dallenbach C., Schneider V., Sasse V., Dallenbach-Hellweg G. In vitro fertilization The degree of endometrial insufficiency varies with the type of ovarian stimulation. Fertil Steril. 50:1988;457-462
49. Yeko T.R., Nicosia S.M., Maroulis G.B., Bardawil W.A., Dawood M.Y. Histology of midluteal corpus luteum and endometrium from clomiphene citrate-induced cycles. Fertil Steril. 57:1992;28-32
50. Fleischer A.C., Pittaway D.E., Beard L.A., et al. Sonographic depiction of endometrial changes occurring with ovulation induction. J Ultrasound Med. 3:1984;341-346
51. Imoedemhe D.A., Shaw R.W., Kirkland A., Chan R. Ultrasound measurement of endometrial thickness on different ovarian stimulation regimens during in-vitro fertilization. Hum Reprod. 2:1987;545-547
52. Eden J.A., Place J., Carter G.D., Jones J., Alaghband-Zadeh J., Pawson M.E. The effect of clomiphene citrate on follicular phase increase in endometrial thickness and uterine volume. Obstet Gynecol. 73:1989;187-190
53. Randall J.M., Templeton A. Transvaginal sonographic assessment of follicular and endometrial growth in spontaneous and clomiphene citrate cycles. Fertil Steril. 56:1991;208-212
54. Zaidi J., Campbell S., Pittrof R., Tan S.L. Endometrial thickness, morphology, vascular penetration and velocimetry in predicting implantation in an vitro fertilization program. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 6:1995;191-198
55. Rogers P.A., Polson D., Murphy C.R., Hosie M., Susil B., Leoni M. Correlation of endometrial histology, morphometry, and ultrasound appearance after different stimulation protocols for in vitro fertilization. Fertil Steril. 55:1991;583-587
56. Gerli S., Gholami H., Manna A., Scotto Di Frega A., Vitiello C., Unfer V. Use of ethinyl estradiol to reverse the antiestrogenic effects of clomiphene citrate in patients undergoing intrauterine insemination A comparative, randomized study. Fertil Steril. 73:2000;85-89
57. Bateman B.G., Nunley W.C. Jr, Kolp L.A. Exogenous estrogen therapy for treatment of clomiphene citrate-induced cervical mucus abnormalities Is it effective? Fertil Steril. 54:1990;577-579
58. Dickey R.P., Olar T.T., Taylor S.N., Curole D.N., Rye P.H. Sequential clomiphene citrate and human menopausal gonadotrophin for ovulation induction Comparison to clomiphene citrate alone and human menopausal gonadotrophin alone. Hum Reprod. 8:1993;56-59
59. Harris H.A., Katzenellenbogen J.A., Katzenellenbogen B.S. Characterization of the biological roles of the estrogen receptors, ERalpha and ERbeta, in estrogen target tissues in vivo through the use of an ERalpha-selective ligand. Endocrinology. 143:2002;4172-4177
60. Lecce G., Meduri G., Ancelin M., Bergeron C., Perrot-Applanat M. Presence of estrogen receptor beta in the human endometrium through the cycle Expression in glandular, stromal, and vascular cells. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 86:2001;1379-1386
61. Meduri G., Bausero P., Perrot-Applanat M. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors in the human endometrium Modulation during the menstrual cycle. Biol Reprod. 62:2000;439-447
62. Kayisli U.A., Aksu C.A., Berkkanoglu M., Arici A. Estrogenicity of isoflavones on human endometrial stromal and glandular cells. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 87:2002;5539-5544
63. Mylonas I., Jeschke U., Makovitzky J., et al. Immunohistochemical expression of steroid receptors and glycodelin A in isolated proliferative human endothelial glandular cells after stimulation with tamoxifen and phytoestrogens (genistein and daidzein). Anticancer Res. 23:2003;1119-1125
64. Unfer V, Casini ML, Costabile L, Mignosa M, Gerli S, Di Renzo GC. Endometrial effects of long term treatment with phytoestrogens: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Fertil Steril. 2004;82:1-4