메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 41, Issue 5, 2005, Pages 777-800

Directive versus participative leadership: Two complementary approaches to managing school effectiveness

Author keywords

Directive leadership; Empowerment; Organizational commitment; Participative leadership; School effectiveness

Indexed keywords


EID: 28444466929     PISSN: 0013161X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0013161X05279448     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (109)

References (107)
  • 1
    • 0001142866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Innovation and creativity in work groups
    • M. A. West (Ed.), London: Wiley
    • Agrell, A., & Gustafson, R. (1996). Innovation and creativity in work groups. In M. A. West (Ed.), Handbook of work group psychology (pp. 525-579). London: Wiley.
    • (1996) Handbook of Work Group Psychology , pp. 525-579
    • Agrell, A.1    Gustafson, R.2
  • 2
    • 0002547623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interdependence and controversy in group decision making: Antecedents to effective self-managing teams
    • Alper, S., Tjosvold, D., & Law, K. S. (1998). Interdependence and controversy in group decision making: Antecedents to effective self-managing teams. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 74, 33-52.
    • (1998) Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes , vol.74 , pp. 33-52
    • Alper, S.1    Tjosvold, D.2    Law, K.S.3
  • 3
    • 9944248414 scopus 로고
    • Bridging the boundary: External activity and performance in organizational teams
    • Ancona, D. G., & Caldwell, D. F. (1992). Bridging the boundary: External activity and performance in organizational teams. Administrative Science Quarterly, 37, 634-665.
    • (1992) Administrative Science Quarterly , vol.37 , pp. 634-665
    • Ancona, D.G.1    Caldwell, D.F.2
  • 4
    • 79953108483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cultivating innovation: How a charter/district network is turning professional development into professional practice
    • Andrews, K., & Rothman, M. (2002). Cultivating innovation: How a charter/district network is turning professional development into professional practice. Phi Delta Kappan, 83,506-512.
    • (2002) Phi Delta Kappan , vol.83 , pp. 506-512
    • Andrews, K.1    Rothman, M.2
  • 6
    • 0032356191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Creativity and improvisation in jazz and organizations: Implications for organizational learning
    • Barrett, F. J. (1998). Creativity and improvisation in jazz and organizations: Implications for organizational learning. Organizational Science, 9, 605-622.
    • (1998) Organizational Science , vol.9 , pp. 605-622
    • Barrett, F.J.1
  • 8
    • 0000514320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does the transactional-transformational leadership paradigm transcend organizational and national boundaries?
    • Bass, B. M. (1997). Does the transactional-transformational leadership paradigm transcend organizational and national boundaries? American Psychologist, 52, 130-139.
    • (1997) American Psychologist , vol.52 , pp. 130-139
    • Bass, B.M.1
  • 9
    • 53349146389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Facilitative school leadership and teacher empowerment: Teacher's perspective
    • Blase, J., & Blase, J. (1996). Facilitative school leadership and teacher empowerment: Teacher's perspective. Social Psychology of Education, 1, 11-145.
    • (1996) Social Psychology of Education , vol.1 , pp. 11-145
    • Blase, J.1    Blase, J.2
  • 11
    • 0040615075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Who defines "democratic leadership"? Three high school principals respond to site-based reforms
    • Brouillette, L. (1997). Who defines "democratic leadership"? Three high school principals respond to site-based reforms. Journal of School Leadership, 7, 569-591.
    • (1997) Journal of School Leadership , vol.7 , pp. 569-591
    • Brouillette, L.1
  • 13
    • 0032379742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reflexivity, effectiveness and mental health in BBC-TV production teams
    • Carter, A. J., & West, M. A. (1998a). Reflexivity, effectiveness and mental health in BBC-TV production teams. Small Group Research, 29, 583-601.
    • (1998) Small Group Research , vol.29 , pp. 583-601
    • Carter, A.J.1    West, M.A.2
  • 15
    • 0035604884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of demographic heterogeneity on the emergence and consequences of cooperative norms in work teams
    • Chatman, J. A., & Flynn, F. J. (2001). The influence of demographic heterogeneity on the emergence and consequences of cooperative norms in work teams. Academy of Management Journal, 44, 956-974.
    • (2001) Academy of Management Journal , vol.44 , pp. 956-974
    • Chatman, J.A.1    Flynn, F.J.2
  • 16
    • 84936166194 scopus 로고
    • Absorptive capacity: A new perspective on learning and innovation
    • Cohen, W., & Levinthal, D. A. (1990). Absorptive capacity: A new perspective on learning and innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35, 128-152.
    • (1990) Administrative Science Quarterly , vol.35 , pp. 128-152
    • Cohen, W.1    Levinthal, D.A.2
  • 17
    • 0038837115 scopus 로고
    • From school-site management to participatory schoolsite management
    • Conley, S. C., & Bacharach, S. B. (1990). From school-site management to participatory schoolsite management. Phi Delta Kappan, 71, 539-544.
    • (1990) Phi Delta Kappan , vol.71 , pp. 539-544
    • Conley, S.C.1    Bacharach, S.B.2
  • 18
    • 21144464901 scopus 로고
    • A goal hierarchy model of personality, motivation, and leadership
    • B. M. Staw & L. L. Cummings (Eds.), Greenwich, CT; JAI
    • Cropanzano, R., James, K., & Citera, M. (1993). A goal hierarchy model of personality, motivation, and leadership. In B. M. Staw & L. L. Cummings (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior (Vol. 13, pp. 267-322). Greenwich, CT; JAI.
    • (1993) Research in Organizational Behavior , vol.13 , pp. 267-322
    • Cropanzano, R.1    James, K.2    Citera, M.3
  • 19
    • 0033443930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of directive leadership on group information sampling, decisions, and perceptions of the leader
    • Cruz, M. G., Henningsen, D. D., & Smith, B. A. (1999). The impact of directive leadership on group information sampling, decisions, and perceptions of the leader. Communication Research, 26, 349-369.
    • (1999) Communication Research , vol.26 , pp. 349-369
    • Cruz, M.G.1    Henningsen, D.D.2    Smith, B.A.3
  • 20
    • 0035542052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minority dissent and team innovation: The importance of participation in decision making
    • De Dreu, C. K. W., & West, M. A. (2001). Minority dissent and team innovation: The importance of participation in decision making. Journal of Applied Psychology, 68, 1191 -1201.
    • (2001) Journal of Applied Psychology , vol.68 , pp. 1191-1201
    • De Dreu, C.K.W.1    West, M.A.2
  • 22
    • 0141792441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Managing from the boundary: The effective leadership of self-managing work teams
    • Druskat, V. U., & Weeler, J. V. (2003). Managing from the boundary: The effective leadership of self-managing work teams. Academy of Management Journal, 46, 435-457.
    • (2003) Academy of Management Journal , vol.46 , pp. 435-457
    • Druskat, V.U.1    Weeler, J.V.2
  • 24
    • 0000812836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of leader role, team-set goal difficulty, efficacy, and tactics on team effectiveness
    • Durham, C. C., Knight, D., & Locke, E. A. (1997). Effects of leader role, team-set goal difficulty, efficacy, and tactics on team effectiveness. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 72, 203-231.
    • (1997) Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes , vol.72 , pp. 203-231
    • Durham, C.C.1    Knight, D.2    Locke, E.A.3
  • 25
    • 0033243278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychological safety and learning behavior in work teams
    • Edmonson, A. C. (1999). Psychological safety and learning behavior in work teams. Administrative Science, 44, 350-383.
    • (1999) Administrative Science , vol.44 , pp. 350-383
    • Edmonson, A.C.1
  • 26
    • 0038257091 scopus 로고
    • Accelerating adaptive processes: Product innovation in the global computer industry
    • Eisenhardt, K. M., & Tabrizi, B. N. (1995). Accelerating adaptive processes: Product innovation in the global computer industry. Administrative Science Quarterly, 40, 84-110.
    • (1995) Administrative Science Quarterly , vol.40 , pp. 84-110
    • Eisenhardt, K.M.1    Tabrizi, B.N.2
  • 27
    • 0003155932 scopus 로고
    • Participation in goal-setting: A motivational approach
    • W. M. Lafferty & E. Rosenstein (Eds.), Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press
    • Erez., M. (1993). Participation in goal-setting: A motivational approach. In W. M. Lafferty & E. Rosenstein (Eds.), International handbook of participation in organizations (Vol. 3). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
    • (1993) International Handbook of Participation in Organizations , vol.3
    • Erez, M.1
  • 28
    • 0040615064 scopus 로고
    • Schooling, organizational learning and efficiency in the growth of knowledge
    • J. Chapman (Ed.), London: Falmer Press
    • Evers, C. W. (1990). Schooling, organizational learning and efficiency in the growth of knowledge. In J. Chapman (Ed.), School-based decision-making and management (pp. 132-149). London: Falmer Press.
    • (1990) School-based Decision-making and Management , pp. 132-149
    • Evers, C.W.1
  • 29
    • 84980196869 scopus 로고
    • The effective utilization of intellectual abilities and job-relevant knowledge in group performance: Cognitive resource theory and an agenda for the future
    • Fiedler, F. E. (1989). The effective utilization of intellectual abilities and job-relevant knowledge in group performance: Cognitive resource theory and an agenda for the future. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 38, 289-304.
    • (1989) Applied Psychology: An International Review , vol.38 , pp. 289-304
    • Fiedler, F.E.1
  • 30
    • 0002403262 scopus 로고
    • Leadership theory and research: A report of progress
    • C. L. Cooper & I. Robertson (Eds.), New York: Wiley
    • Fiedler, F. E., & House, R. J. (1988). Leadership theory and research: A report of progress. In C. L. Cooper & I. Robertson (Eds.), International review of industrial and organizational psychology (pp. 73-92). New York: Wiley.
    • (1988) International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology , pp. 73-92
    • Fiedler, F.E.1    House, R.J.2
  • 31
    • 21344476418 scopus 로고
    • Teacher commitment, working conditions, and differential incentive policies
    • Firestone, W. A., & Pennell, J. R. (1993). Teacher commitment, working conditions, and differential incentive policies. Review of Educational Research, 63, 489-525.
    • (1993) Review of Educational Research , vol.63 , pp. 489-525
    • Firestone, W.A.1    Pennell, J.R.2
  • 34
    • 0032417978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • School-based management as a factor in school effectiveness
    • Gaziel, H. (1998). School-based management as a factor in school effectiveness. International Review of Education, 44, 319-333.
    • (1998) International Review of Education , vol.44 , pp. 319-333
    • Gaziel, H.1
  • 36
    • 0000118880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High performance and the transformation of work? the implications of alternative work practices for the experience and outcomes of work
    • Godard, J. (2001). High performance and the transformation of work? The implications of alternative work practices for the experience and outcomes of work. Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 54, 776-805.
    • (2001) Industrial and Labor Relations Review , vol.54 , pp. 776-805
    • Godard, J.1
  • 37
    • 84973821513 scopus 로고
    • Toward a theory of school administration: The centrality of leadership
    • Greenfield, J. R. (1995). Toward a theory of school administration: The centrality of leadership. Educational Administration Quarterly, 31, 61-85.
    • (1995) Educational Administration Quarterly , vol.31 , pp. 61-85
    • Greenfield, J.R.1
  • 39
    • 21344476678 scopus 로고
    • Restructuring: Post modernity and the prospects for educational change
    • Hargreaves, A. (1994). Restructuring: Post modernity and the prospects for educational change. Journal of Education Policy, 9, 47-65.
    • (1994) Journal of Education Policy , vol.9 , pp. 47-65
    • Hargreaves, A.1
  • 43
    • 0031318689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • To agree or not to agree: The effects of value congruence, individual demographic dissimilarity, and conflict on workgroup outcomes
    • Jehn, K. A., Chadwick, C. T., & Sherry, M. B. (1997). To agree or not to agree: The effects of value congruence, individual demographic dissimilarity, and conflict on workgroup outcomes. International Journal of Conflict Management, 8, 287-305.
    • (1997) International Journal of Conflict Management , vol.8 , pp. 287-305
    • Jehn, K.A.1    Chadwick, C.T.2    Sherry, M.B.3
  • 46
    • 0033241841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of leadership style and followers' cultural orientation on performance in group and individual task conditions
    • Jung, D. I., & Avolio, B. J. (1999). Effects of leadership style and followers' cultural orientation on performance in group and individual task conditions. Academy of Management Journal, 42, 208-218.
    • (1999) Academy of Management Journal , vol.42 , pp. 208-218
    • Jung, D.I.1    Avolio, B.J.2
  • 47
    • 0031101858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of leadership style and problem structure on work group process and outcomes in an electronic meeting system environment
    • Kahai, S., Sosik, J., & Avolio, B. J. (1997). Effects of leadership style and problem structure on work group process and outcomes in an electronic meeting system environment. Personnel Psychology, 50, 121-146.
    • (1997) Personnel Psychology , vol.50 , pp. 121-146
    • Kahai, S.1    Sosik, J.2    Avolio, B.J.3
  • 48
    • 0032335150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Another look at the dimensionality of the school participant empowerment scale
    • Klecker, B. M., & Loadman, W. E. (1998). Another look at the dimensionality of the school participant empowerment scale. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 58, 944-954.
    • (1998) Educational and Psychological Measurement , vol.58 , pp. 944-954
    • Klecker, B.M.1    Loadman, W.E.2
  • 49
    • 0040615068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Participative management
    • P. J. D. Drenth, H. Thierry, & C. J. de Wolff (Eds.), Hove, UK: Psychology Press
    • Koopman, P. L., & Wierdsma, A.F.M. (1998). Participative management. In P. J. D. Drenth, H. Thierry, & C. J. de Wolff (Eds.), Personnel psychology. Handbook of work and organizational psychology (Vol. 3, pp. 297-324). Hove, UK: Psychology Press.
    • (1998) Personnel Psychology. Handbook of Work and Organizational Psychology , vol.3 , pp. 297-324
    • Koopman, P.L.1    Wierdsma, A.F.M.2
  • 50
    • 0036339627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Product development tensions: Exploring contrasting styles of product management
    • Lewis, M. W., Welsh, M. A., Dehler, G. E., & Green, S. G. (2002). Product development tensions: Exploring contrasting styles of product management. Academy of Management Journal, 45, 546-564.
    • (2002) Academy of Management Journal , vol.45 , pp. 546-564
    • Lewis, M.W.1    Welsh, M.A.2    Dehler, G.E.3    Green, S.G.4
  • 52
    • 0002347764 scopus 로고
    • Cultivating teacher engagement: Breaking the iron law of social class
    • F. Newmann (Ed.), New York: Teachers College Press
    • Louis, K. S., & Smith, B. (1992). Cultivating teacher engagement: Breaking the iron law of social class. In F. Newmann (Ed.), Student engagement and achievement in American secondary schools (pp. 119-152). New York: Teachers College Press.
    • (1992) Student Engagement and Achievement in American Secondary Schools , pp. 119-152
    • Louis, K.S.1    Smith, B.2
  • 53
    • 0035536276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maximizing cross-functional new product team's innovativeness and constraint adherence: A conflict communications perspective
    • Lovelace, K., Shapiro, D. L., & Weingart, L. R. (2001). Maximizing cross-functional new product team's innovativeness and constraint adherence: A conflict communications perspective. Academy of Management Journal, 44, 779-793.
    • (2001) Academy of Management Journal , vol.44 , pp. 779-793
    • Lovelace, K.1    Shapiro, D.L.2    Weingart, L.R.3
  • 54
    • 84977054020 scopus 로고
    • Teacher empowerment: A step toward professionalization. A "bulletin" special
    • Maeroff, G. I. (1988). Teacher empowerment: A step toward professionalization. A "bulletin" special. NASSP Bulletin, 72, 52-54, 56-60.
    • (1988) NASSP Bulletin , vol.72 , pp. 52-54
    • Maeroff, G.I.1
  • 55
    • 0039842550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The imperative of complementarity between the school level and the classroom level in educational innovation
    • Maes, F., Vandenberghe, R., & Ghesquiere, P. (1999). The imperative of complementarity between the school level and the classroom level in educational innovation. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 31, 661-677.
    • (1999) Journal of Curriculum Studies , vol.31 , pp. 661-677
    • Maes, F.1    Vandenberghe, R.2    Ghesquiere, P.3
  • 56
    • 84934454367 scopus 로고
    • Leading workers to lead themselves: The external leadership of self-managed working teams
    • Manz, C. C., & Sims, H. P. (1987). Leading workers to lead themselves: The external leadership of self-managed working teams. Administrative Science Quarterly, 32, 106-128.
    • (1987) Administrative Science Quarterly , vol.32 , pp. 106-128
    • Manz, C.C.1    Sims, H.P.2
  • 57
    • 0031519432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does teacher empowerment affect the classroom? the implications of teacher empowerment for instructional practice and student academic performance
    • Marks, H. M., & Louis, K. S. (1997). Does teacher empowerment affect the classroom? The implications of teacher empowerment for instructional practice and student academic performance. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 19, 245-275.
    • (1997) Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis , vol.19 , pp. 245-275
    • Marks, H.M.1    Louis, K.S.2
  • 58
    • 0000724719 scopus 로고
    • Speeding up new product development: The effects of leadership style and source of technology
    • McDonough, E. F., III, & Barczak, G. (1991). Speeding up new product development: The effects of leadership style and source of technology. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 8, 203-211.
    • (1991) Journal of Product Innovation Management , vol.8 , pp. 203-211
    • McDonough III, E.F.1    Barczak, G.2
  • 59
    • 0002125185 scopus 로고
    • The interaction of person and situation
    • D. Magnusson & N. S. Endler (Eds.), Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum
    • Mischel, W. (1977). The interaction of person and situation. In D. Magnusson & N. S. Endler (Eds.), Personality at the crossroads: Current issues in international psychology (pp. 333-352). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
    • (1977) Personality at the Crossroads: Current Issues in International Psychology , pp. 333-352
    • Mischel, W.1
  • 62
    • 0039987387 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive resource theory and utilization of the leader's and group members' technical competence
    • Murphy, S. E., & Fiedler, F. E. (1992). Cognitive resource theory and utilization of the leader's and group members' technical competence. Leadership Quarterly, 3, 237-255.
    • (1992) Leadership Quarterly , vol.3 , pp. 237-255
    • Murphy, S.E.1    Fiedler, F.E.2
  • 63
    • 0040022053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Restructuring schools for democracy: Principals' perspective
    • O'Hair, M. J., & Reitzug, U. C. (1997). Restructuring schools for democracy: Principals' perspective. Journal of School Leadership, 7, 266-286.
    • (1997) Journal of School Leadership , vol.7 , pp. 266-286
    • O'Hair, M.J.1    Reitzug, U.C.2
  • 65
    • 85036312656 scopus 로고
    • Organizing for effective new product development: The moderating role of product innovativeness
    • Olson, E. M., Walker, O. C., & Ruekert, R. W. (1995). Organizing for effective new product development: The moderating role of product innovativeness. Journal of Marketing, 59, 48-62.
    • (1995) Journal of Marketing , vol.59 , pp. 48-62
    • Olson, E.M.1    Walker, O.C.2    Ruekert, R.W.3
  • 67
    • 0031519991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A directive leadership style in group decision making can be both virtue and vice: Evidence from elite and experimental groups
    • Peterson, R. S. (1997). A directive leadership style in group decision making can be both virtue and vice: Evidence from elite and experimental groups. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 1107-1121.
    • (1997) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.72 , pp. 1107-1121
    • Peterson, R.S.1
  • 68
    • 84970235764 scopus 로고
    • Self-report in organizational research: Problems and prospects
    • Podsakoff, P. M., & Organ, D. W. (1986). Self-report in organizational research: Problems and prospects. Journal of Management, 12, 531-544.
    • (1986) Journal of Management , vol.12 , pp. 531-544
    • Podsakoff, P.M.1    Organ, D.W.2
  • 70
    • 21344495977 scopus 로고
    • A case study of empowering principal behavior
    • Reitzug, U. C. (1994). A case study of empowering principal behavior. American Educational Research Journal, 31, 283-307.
    • (1994) American Educational Research Journal , vol.31 , pp. 283-307
    • Reitzug, U.C.1
  • 71
    • 0039014048 scopus 로고
    • Job satisfaction and empowerment among teacher leaders, reading recovery teachers, and regular classroom teachers
    • Rinehart, J. S., & Short, P. M. (1994). Job satisfaction and empowerment among teacher leaders, reading recovery teachers, and regular classroom teachers. Education, 114, 570-580.
    • (1994) Education , vol.114 , pp. 570-580
    • Rinehart, J.S.1    Short, P.M.2
  • 73
    • 0040615065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Work behavior of Israeli elementary-school principals: Expectations vs. reality
    • Rosenblatt, Z., & Somech, A. (1998). Work behavior of Israeli elementary-school principals: Expectations vs. reality. Educational Administration Quarterly, 34, 505-532.
    • (1998) Educational Administration Quarterly , vol.34 , pp. 505-532
    • Rosenblatt, Z.1    Somech, A.2
  • 74
    • 0001861292 scopus 로고
    • Issues of level in organizational research: Multi-level and cross-level perspectives
    • Rousseau, D. M. (1985). Issues of level in organizational research: Multi-level and cross-level perspectives. Research in Organizational Behavior, 7, 1-37.
    • (1985) Research in Organizational Behavior , vol.7 , pp. 1-37
    • Rousseau, D.M.1
  • 75
    • 3042980255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of leader's communication style and participative goal setting on performance and attitudes
    • Sagie, A. (1996). The effects of leader's communication style and participative goal setting on performance and attitudes. Human Performance, 9, 51-64.
    • (1996) Human Performance , vol.9 , pp. 51-64
    • Sagie, A.1
  • 76
    • 0040454908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leader direction and employee participation in decision making: Contradictory or compatible practices'?
    • Sagie, A. (1997). Leader direction and employee participation in decision making: Contradictory or compatible practices'? Applied Psychology: An International Review, 46, 387-452.
    • (1997) Applied Psychology: An International Review , vol.46 , pp. 387-452
    • Sagie, A.1
  • 78
    • 0001240402 scopus 로고
    • Locus of knowledge as a determinant of the effect of participation on performance, affect, and perceptions
    • Scully, J. A., Kirkpatrick, S. A., & Locke, E. A. (1995). Locus of knowledge as a determinant of the effect of participation on performance, affect, and perceptions. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 61, 276-288.
    • (1995) Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes , vol.61 , pp. 276-288
    • Scully, J.A.1    Kirkpatrick, S.A.2    Locke, E.A.3
  • 79
    • 0030553889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social exchange in organizations: Perceived organizational support, leader-member exchange, and employee reciprocity
    • Settoon, R. P., Bennett, N., & Liden, R. C. (1996). Social exchange in organizations: Perceived organizational support, leader-member exchange, and employee reciprocity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81, 219-227.
    • (1996) Journal of Applied Psychology , vol.81 , pp. 219-227
    • Settoon, R.P.1    Bennett, N.2    Liden, R.C.3
  • 82
    • 84973816439 scopus 로고
    • School participant empowerment scale: Assessment of level of empowerment within the school environment
    • Short, P. M., & Rinehart, J. S. (1992). School participant empowerment scale: Assessment of level of empowerment within the school environment. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 52, 951-960.
    • (1992) Educational and Psychological Measurement , vol.52 , pp. 951-960
    • Short, P.M.1    Rinehart, J.S.2
  • 83
    • 0001967439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preparing educators for leadership: In praise of experience
    • Sirotnik, K. A., & Kimball, K. (1996). Preparing educators for leadership: In praise of experience. Journal of School Leadership, 6, 180-201.
    • (1996) Journal of School Leadership , vol.6 , pp. 180-201
    • Sirotnik, K.A.1    Kimball, K.2
  • 85
    • 0039034189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Explicating the complexity of participative management: An investigation of multiple dimensions
    • Somech, A. (2002). Explicating the complexity of participative management: An investigation of multiple dimensions. Educational Administration Quarterly, 38, 341-371.
    • (2002) Educational Administration Quarterly , vol.38 , pp. 341-371
    • Somech, A.1
  • 86
    • 0038891681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antecedents and consequences of teacher organizational and professional commitment
    • Somech, A., & Bogler, R. (2002). Antecedents and consequences of teacher organizational and professional commitment. Educational Administration Quarterly, 38, 555-577.
    • (2002) Educational Administration Quarterly , vol.38 , pp. 555-577
    • Somech, A.1    Bogler, R.2
  • 87
    • 21844485446 scopus 로고
    • Psychological empowerment in the work place: Dimensions, measurement, and validation
    • Spreitzer, G. M. (1995). Psychological empowerment in the work place: Dimensions, measurement, and validation. Academy of Management Journal, 38, 1442-1465.
    • (1995) Academy of Management Journal , vol.38 , pp. 1442-1465
    • Spreitzer, G.M.1
  • 88
    • 0030304393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social structural characteristics of psychological empowerment
    • Spreitzer, G. M. (1996). Social structural characteristics of psychological empowerment. Academy of Management Journal, 39, 483-504.
    • (1996) Academy of Management Journal , vol.39 , pp. 483-504
    • Spreitzer, G.M.1
  • 89
    • 0013242741 scopus 로고
    • Effects of information load and percentage of shared information on the dissemination of unshared information during group discussion
    • Stasser, G., & Titus, W. (1987). Effects of information load and percentage of shared information on the dissemination of unshared information during group discussion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53, 81-93.
    • (1987) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.53 , pp. 81-93
    • Stasser, G.1    Titus, W.2
  • 93
    • 0002599759 scopus 로고
    • Cooperation theory, constructive controversy, and effectiveness
    • R. A. Guzzo & E. Salas (Eds.), San Francisco: Jossey-Bass
    • Tjosvold, D. (1995). Cooperation theory, constructive controversy, and effectiveness. In R. A. Guzzo & E. Salas (Eds.), Team effectiveness and decision making in organizations. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
    • (1995) Team Effectiveness and Decision Making in Organizations
    • Tjosvold, D.1
  • 94
    • 21344497828 scopus 로고
    • Participation's effects on performance and satisfaction: A reconsideration of research evidence
    • Wagner, J. A., III. (1994). Participation's effects on performance and satisfaction: A reconsideration of research evidence. Academy of Management Review, 19, 312-330.
    • (1994) Academy of Management Review , vol.19 , pp. 312-330
    • Wagner III, J.A.1
  • 95
    • 0040022052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • School-based decision making and the empowerment of secondary school teachers
    • Wall, R., & Rinehart, J. S. (1998). School-based decision making and the empowerment of secondary school teachers. Journal of School Leadership, 8, 49-64.
    • (1998) Journal of School Leadership , vol.8 , pp. 49-64
    • Wall, R.1    Rinehart, J.S.2
  • 96
    • 79953409450 scopus 로고
    • Educational organizations as loosely coupled systems
    • Weick, K. E. (1976). Educational organizations as loosely coupled systems. Administrative Science Quarterly, 21, 1-19.
    • (1976) Administrative Science Quarterly , vol.21 , pp. 1-19
    • Weick, K.E.1
  • 98
    • 0036661232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sparkling fountains or stagnant ponds: An integrative model of creativity and innovation implementation in work groups
    • West, M. A. (2002). Sparkling fountains or stagnant ponds: An integrative model of creativity and innovation implementation in work groups. Applied Psychology, An International Review, 51, 355-424.
    • (2002) Applied Psychology, An International Review , vol.51 , pp. 355-424
    • West, M.A.1
  • 101
    • 0002031694 scopus 로고
    • Teacher empowerment under "ideal" school-site autonomy
    • White, P. A. (1992). Teacher empowerment under "ideal" school-site autonomy. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 14, 69-82.
    • (1992) Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis , vol.14 , pp. 69-82
    • White, P.A.1
  • 102
    • 15844401914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How high and low self-empowered teachers work with colleagues and school principals
    • Wilson, S., & Coolican, M. J. (1996). How high and low self-empowered teachers work with colleagues and school principals. Journal of Educational Thought, 30, 99-118.
    • (1996) Journal of Educational Thought , vol.30 , pp. 99-118
    • Wilson, S.1    Coolican, M.J.2
  • 103
    • 0000744744 scopus 로고
    • Social cognitive theory of organizational management
    • Wood, R., & Bandura, A. (1989). Social cognitive theory of organizational management. Academy of Management Review, 14, 361-384.
    • (1989) Academy of Management Review , vol.14 , pp. 361-384
    • Wood, R.1    Bandura, A.2
  • 104
    • 0001995618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship of empowerment to teacher job commitment and job satisfaction
    • Wu, V., & Short, P. M. (1996). The relationship of empowerment to teacher job commitment and job satisfaction. Journal of Instructional Psychology, 25, 85-89.
    • (1996) Journal of Instructional Psychology , vol.25 , pp. 85-89
    • Wu, V.1    Short, P.M.2
  • 105
    • 84973703403 scopus 로고
    • Individualized and group-based views of participation in decision making
    • Yammarino, F. J., & Naughton, T. J. (1992). Individualized and group-based views of participation in decision making. Group & Organization Management, 17, 398-413.
    • (1992) Group & Organization Management , vol.17 , pp. 398-413
    • Yammarino, F.J.1    Naughton, T.J.2
  • 107
    • 0000982079 scopus 로고
    • A model of new product development: An empirical test
    • Zirger, B. J., & Maidique, M. (1990). A model of new product development: An empirical test. Management Science, 36, 867-888.
    • (1990) Management Science , vol.36 , pp. 867-888
    • Zirger, B.J.1    Maidique, M.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.