Survival outcomes in glioblastoma multiforme, including the impact of adjuvant chemotherapy

Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics

Volumn 5, Issue 5, 2005, Pages 683-690

  Blumenthal, Deborah T ^a,b   Schulman, Susan F ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF UTAH   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF UTAH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Diagnosis; Genomics; Glioblastoma; Methylation; Prognostic factors; Therapy

Indexed keywords

ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; BLEOMYCIN; CARBOPLATIN; CARMUSTINE; ENZASTAURIN; ETOPOSIDE; IRINOTECAN; LOMUSTINE; MARIMASTAT; NIMUSTINE; PACLITAXEL; PLATINUM DERIVATIVE; PROCARBAZINE; PROTEIN KINASE INHIBITOR; RETINOIC ACID; TAMOXIFEN; TEMOZOLOMIDE; TEMSIROLIMUS; THALIDOMIDE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY; ARTHRALGIA; BONE MARROW SUPPRESSION; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER DIAGNOSIS; CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; CANCER SURGERY; CANCER SURVIVAL; CLINICAL TRIAL; GLIOBLASTOMA; HUMAN; LUNG FIBROSIS; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; REVIEW; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

BRAIN NEOPLASMS; CHEMOTHERAPY, ADJUVANT; COMBINED MODALITY THERAPY; DISEASE-FREE SURVIVAL; EXPERT TESTIMONY; GLIOBLASTOMA; HUMANS; PROGNOSIS;

EID: 26444571738     PISSN: 14737175     EISSN: 17448360     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1586/14737175.5.5.683     Document Type: Review

References (77)

1. Laws ER, Parney IF, Huang W et al. Survival following surgery and prognostic factors for recently diagnosed malignant glioma: data from the Glioma Outcomes Project. J. Neurosurg. 99(3), 467-473 (2003).
2. Stupp R, Dietrich PY, Ostermann Kraljevic S et al. Promising survival for patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme treated with concomitant radiation plus temozolomide followed by adjuvant temozolomide. J. Clin. Oncol. 20(5), 1375-1382 (2002).
3. Hegi ME, Diserens AC, Gorlia T et al. MGMT gene silencing and benefit from temozolomide in glioblastoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 352(10), 997-1003 (2005). Details the role of MGMT in predicting response to temozolomide therapy.
4. Lamborn KR, Chang SM, Prados MD. Prognostic factors for survival of patients with glioblastoma: recursive partitioning analysis. J. Neurooncol. 6(3), 227-235 (2004). Describes a recent prognostic factor analysis using recursive partitioning, a useful statistical technique for clinical neuro-oncology data.
5. Scott CB, Scarantino C, Urtasun R et al. Validation and predictive power of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) recursive partitioning analysis classes for malignant glioma patients: a report using RTOG 90-06. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 40(1), 51-55 (1998).
6. Kleiheus P, Cavence WK. Pathology and genetics of tumours of the nervous system. In: World Health Organization classification of tumours. International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
7. Watanabe K, Tachibana O, Sata K, Yonekawa Y, Kleihues P, Ohgaki H. Overexpression of the EGF receptor and p53 mutations are mutually exclusive in the evolution of primary and secondary glioblastomas. Brain Pathol. 6(3), 217-224 (1996).
8. Tohma Y, Gratas C, Biernat W et al. PTEN (MMAC1) mutations are frequent in primary glioblastomas (de novo) but not in secondary glioblastomas. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 57(7), 684-689 (1998).
9. Quezado M, Ronchetti R, Rapkiewicz A, Santi M, Blumenthal DT, Rushing EJ. Chromogenic in situ hybridization accurately identifies EGFR amplification in small cell glioblastoma multiforme, a common subtype of primary GBM. Clin. Neuropathol. 24(4), 163-169 (2005).
10. Perry A, Aldape KD, George DH, Burger PC. Small cell astrocytoma: an aggressive variant that is clinicopathologically and genetically distinct from anaplastic oligodendroglioma. Cancer 101, 2318-2326 (2005).
11. Burger PG, Pearl DK, Aldape K et al. Small cell architecture-a histological equivalent of EGFR amplification in glioblastoma multiforme? J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 60(11), 1099-1104 (2001).
12. Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK, Lillehei KO, Breeze RE. Neoplasms involving rhe central nervous system in the older old. Hum. Pathol. 34(11), 1137-1147 (2003).
13. Barbashina V, Salazar P, Holland EC et al. Allelic losses at 1p36 and 19q13 in gliomas: correlation with histologic classification, definition of a 150-kb minimal deleted region on 1p36, and evaluation of CAMTA1 as a candidate tumor suppressor gene. Clin. Cancer Res. 11(3), 1119-1128 (2005).
14. Stupp R, Mason WP, van den Bent MJ et al. Radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide for glioblastoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 352(10), 987-996 (2005). Documents the efficacy of temozolomide given concurrently with radiation and following as adjunct therapy for newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM).
15. Walker AE, Robins M, Weinfeld FD. Epidemiology of brain tumors: the national survey of intracranial neoplasms. Neurology 35(2), 219-226 (1985).
16. Kleihues P, Sobin LH. World Health Organization classification of tumors. Cancer 88(12), (2000).
17. Landis SH, Murray T, Bolden S et al. Cancer statistics. Cancer J. Clin. 49, 8-31 (2000).
18. Barnholtz-Sloan JS, Sloan AE, Schwartz AG. Relative survival rates and patterns of diagnosis analyzed by time period for individuals with primary malignant brain tumor, 1973-1997. J. Neurosurg. 99(3), 458-466 (2003).
19. Desmeules M, Mikkelsen T, Mao Y. Increasing incidence of primary malignant brain tumors: influence of diagnostic methods. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 84(6), 442-445 (1992).
20. Legler JM, Ries LA, Smith MA et al. Cancer surveillance series [corrected]: brain and other central nervous system cancers: recent trends in incidence and mortality. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 91(16), 1382-1390 (1999).
21. Riggs JE. Rising primary malignant brain tumor mortality in the elderly. A manifestation of differential survival. Arch. Neurol. 52(6), 571-575 (1995).
22. Greig NH, Ries LG, Yancik R et al. Increasing annual incidence of primary malignant brain tumors in the elderly. J. Natl Cancer Inst. 82(20), 1621-1624 (1990).
23. Lonn S, Ahlbom A, Hall P et al. Long-term mobile phone use and brain tumor risk. Am. J. Epidemiol. 15(6), 526-535 (2005).
24. Cardis E, Kilkenny M. International study of adult brain, head and neck tumours: results of the feasibility study. Radiat. Prot. Dosimetry 83, 179-183 (1999).
25. Sadetzki S, Chetrit A, Freedman L et al. Long-term follow-up for brain tumor development after childhood exposure to ionizing radiation for tinea capitis. Radiat. Res. 163(4), 424-432 (2005).
26. Soffer D, Gomori JM, Pomeranz S et al. Gliomas following low-dose irradiation to the head report of three cases. J. Neurooncol. 8(1), 67-72 (1990).
27. Walter AW, Hancock ML, Pui CH et al. Secondary brain tumors in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia at St Jude Children's Research Hospital. J. Clin. Oncol. 16(12), 3761-3767 (1998).
28. Bondy M, Wiencke J, Wrensch M et al. Genetics of primary brain tumors: a review. J. Neurooncol. 18(1), 69-81 (1994).
29. Blumenthal DT, Keith DS, Cannon-Albright LA. Familiality in glioma: description of glioma familiality and unique identified pedigrees having multiple members with brain tumors. Neurooncol. 6: EP-03, 325. Society for Neuro-Oncology (SNO) Ninth Annual meeting, November 18-21 (2004).
30. Morita M, Rosenblum MK, Bilsky MH, Fraser RA, Rosenfeld MR. Long-term survivors of glioblastoma multiforme: clinical and molecular characteristics. J. Neurooncol. 27(3), 259-266 (1996).
31. McLendon RE, Halperin EC. Is the long-term survival of patients with intracranial glioblastoma multiforme overstated? Cancer 98(8), 1745-1748 (2003).
32. Lacroix M, Abi-Said D, Fourney DR et al. A multivariate analysis of 416 patients with glioblastoma multiforme: prognosis, extent of resection, and survival. J. Neurosurg. 95(2), 190-198 (2001).
33. Hess KR. Extent of resection as a prognostic variable in the treatment of gliomas. J. Neurooncol. 42, 227-231 (1999).
34. Simpson JR, Horton J, Scott C et al. Influence of location and extent of surgical resection on survival of patients with glioblastoma multiforme: results of three consecutive Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) clinical trials. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 26, 239-244 (1993).
35. Sawaya R. Extent of resection in malignant gliomas: a critical summary. J. Neurooncol. 42(3), 303-305 (1999).
36. Nimsky C, Ganslandt O, Hastreiter P et al. Preoperative and intraoperative diffusion tensor imaging-based fiber tracking in glioma surgery. Neurosurgery 56(1), 130-137; discussion 138 (2005).
37. Berman JI, Berger MS, Mukherjee P et al. Diffusion-tensor imaging-guided tracking of fibers of the pyramidal tract combined with intraoperative cortical stimulation mapping in patients with gliomas. J. Neurosurg. 101(1), 66-72 (2004).
38. Keles GE, Berger MS. Advances in neurosurgical technique in the current management of brain tumors. Semin. Oncol. 31(5), 659-665 (2004). Describes recent developments in surgery for GBM.
39. Kristiansen K, Hagen S, Kollevold T et al. Combined modality therapy of operated astrocytomas grade III and IV. Confirmation of the value of postoperative irradiation and lack of potentiation of bleomycin on survival time: a prospecrive multicenter trial of the Scandinavian Glioblastoma Study Group. Cancer 47(4), 649-652 (1981).
40. Walker MD, Alexander E, Hunt WE et al. Evaluations of BCNU and/or radiotherapy in the treatment of anaplastic gliomas: a cooperative clinical trial. J. Neurosurg. 49, 333-343 (1978).
41. Barker FG II, Chang SM, Larson DA et al. Age and radiation response in glioblastoma multiforme. Neurosurgery 49(6), 1288-1297; discussion 1297-1298 (2001).
42. Roa W, Brasher PM, Bauman G et al. Abbreviated course of radiation therapy in older patients with glioblastoma multiforme: a prospective randomized clinical trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 22(9), 1583-1588 (2004).
43. Glantz M, Chamberlain M, Liu Q et al. Temozolomide as an alternative to irradiation for elderly patients with newly diagnosed malignant gliomas. Cancer 97(9), 2262-2266 (2003).
44. Videtic GM, Gaspar LE, Zamorano L et al. Use of the RTOG recursive partitioning analysis to validate the benefit of iodine-125 implants in the primary treatment of malignant gliomas. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 45(3), 687-692 (1999).
45. Souhami L, Seiferheld W, Brachman D et al. Randomized comparison of stereotactic radiosurgery followed by conventional radiotherapy with carmustine to conventional radiotherapy with carmustine for patients with glioblastoma multiforme: report of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 93-05 protocol. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 60(3), 853-860 (2004).
46. 125I radiation source (GliaSite Radiation Therapy System) for treatment of recurrent malignant glioma: multicenter safety and feasibility trial. J. Neurosurg. 99(2), 297-303 (2003).
47. Esteller M, Garcia-Foncillas J, Andion E et al. Inactivation of the DNA-repair gene MGMT and the clinical response of gliomas to alleviating agents. N. Engl. J. Med. 343(19), 1350-1354 (2000).
48. Walker MD, Green SB, Byar DP et al. Randomized comparisons of radiotherapy and nitrosoureas for the treatment of malignant glioma after surgery. N. Engl. J. Med. 303(23), 1323-1329 (1980).
49. Fine HA, Dear KBG, Loeffler JS et al. Meta-analysis of radiation therapy with and without adjuvant chemotherapy for malignant gliomas in adults. Cancer 71, 2585-2597 (1993).
50. Stewart LA. Chemotherapy in adult high-grade glioma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data from 12 randomised trials. Lancet 359 (9311), 1011-1018 (2002).
51. Stewart DJ, O'Bryan RM, Al-Sarraf M et al. Phase II study of cisplatin in recurrent astrocytomas in adults: a Southwest Oncology Group Study. J. Neurooncol. 1(2), 145-147 (1983).
52. Walker RW, Dantis E, Shapiro WR. Treatment of recurrent glioma with carboplatin. Proc. ASCO 6, 72 (1987).
53. Grossman SA, O'Neill A, Grunnet M et al. Phase III study comparing three cycles of mfusional carmustme and cisplatin followed by radiation therapy with radiation therapy and concurrent carmustine in patients with newly diagnosed supratentorial glioblastoma multiforme: Eastern Co-operative Oncology Group Trial J. Clin. Oncol. 21(8), 1485-1491 (2003).
54. Yung WK, Albright RE, Olson J et al. A Phase II study of temozolomide vs. procarbazine in patients with glioblastoma multiforme at first relapse. Br. J. Cancer 83(5), 588-593 (2000).
55. Osoba D, Brada M, Yung WK et al. Health-related quality of life in patients treated with temozolomide versus procarbazine for recurrent glioblastoma multiforme. J. Clin. Oncol. 18(7), 1481-1491 (2000). Discusses quality of life issues in GBM patients treated with chemotherapy for recurrence.
56. Westphal M, Hilt DC, Bortey E et al. A Phase 3 trial of local chemotherapy with biodegradable carmustine (BCNU) wafers (Gliadel wafers) in patients with primary malignant glioma. J. Neurooncol. 5(2), 79-88 (2003).
57. Young B, Oldfield EH, Markesbery WR et al. Reoperation for glioblastoma. J. Neurosurg. 55(6), 917-921 (1981).
58. Brem H, Piantadosi S, Burger PC et al. Placebo-controlled trial of safety and efficacy of intraoperative controlled delivery by biodegradable polymers of chemotherapy for recurrent gliomas. The Polymer-brain Tumor Treatment Group. Lancet 345(8956), 1008-1012 (1995).
59. Keles GE, Lamborn KR, Chang SM et al. Volume of residual disease as a predictor of outcome in adult patients with recurrent supratentorial glioblastomas multiforme who are undergoing chemotherapy. J. Neurosurg. 100(1), 41-46 (2004).
60. Wong ET, Hess KR, Gleason MJ et al. Outcomes and prognostic factors in recurrent glioma patients enrolled onto Phase II clinical trials. J. Clin. Oncol. 17(8), 2572-2578 (1999).
61. Franceschi E, Cavallo G, Scopece L et al. Phase II trial of carboplatin and etoposide for patients with recurrent high-grade glioma. Br. J. Cancer 91(6), 1038-1044 (2004).
62. Watanabe K, Kanaya H, Fujiyama Y et al. Combination chemotherapy using carboplatin (JM-8) and etoposide (JET therapy) for recurrent malignant gliomas: a Phase II study. Acta Neurochir. 144(12), 1265-1270 (2003).
63. Cloughesy TF, Filka E, Kuhn J et al. Two studies evaluating irinotecan treatment for recurrent malignant glioma using an every-3-week regimen. Cancer 97(9 Suppl.), 2381-2386 (2003).
64. Groves MD, Puduvalli VK, Hess KR et al. Phase II trial of temozolomide plus the matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor, marimastat, in recurrent and progressive glioblastoma multiforme. J. Clin. Oncol. 20(5), 1383-1388 (2002).
65. Tatter SB. Recurrent malignant glioma in adults. Curr. Treat. Options Oncol. 3(6), 509-524 (2002).
66. Weaver M, Laske DW. Transferrin receptor ligand-targeted toxin conjugate (Tf-CRM107) for therapy of malignant gliomas. J. Neurooncol. 65(1), 3-13 (2003).
67. Weber F, Asher A, Bucholz R et al. Safety, tolerability, and tumor response of 1L4-Pseudomonas exotoxin (NBI-3001) in patients with recurrent malignant glioma. J. Neurooncol. 64(1-2), 125-137 (2003).
68. Lidar Z, Mardor Y, Jonas T et al. Convection-enhanced delivery of paclitaxel for the treatment of recurrent malignant glioma: a Phase I/II clinical study. J. Neurosurg. 100(3), 472-479 (2004).
69. Galanis E, Buckner JC, Maurer MJ et al. Phase II trial of Temsirolimus (CCI-779) in recurrent glioblastoma multiforme: North Central Cancer Treatment Group. J. Clin. Oncol. 23, 5294-5304 (2005).
70. Fine H, Kim L, Royce C et al. LY-drug. Proc. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. (2005).
71. Fine HA et al. Phase II trial of the anti-angiogenic agent thalidomide in patients with recurrent high-grade gliomas. J. Clin. Oncol. (2000) 18(4), 708-715 (2005).
72. Jaeckle KA, Hess KR, Yung WK et al. Phase II evaluation of temozolomide and 13-cis-retinoic acid for the treatment of recurrent and progressive malignant glioma: a North American Brain Tumor Consortium study. J. Clin. Oncol. 21(12), 2305-2311 (2003).
73. Couldwell WT, Hinton DR, Surnock AA et al. Treatment of recurrent malignant gliomas with chronic oral high-dose tamoxifen. Clin. Cancer Res. 2(4), 619-622 (1996).
74. Simard M, Zhang W, Hinton DR et al. Tamoxifen-induced growth arrest and apoptosis in pituitary tumor cells in vitro via a protein kinase C-independent pathway. Cancer Lett. 185(2), 131-138 (2002).
75. Dinapoli RP, Brown LD, Arusell RM et al. Phase III comparative evaluation of PCNU and carmustine combined with radiation therapy for high-grade glioma. J. Clin. Oncol. 11(7), 1316-1321 (1993).
76. Hau P, Baumgart U, Pfeifer K et al. Salvage therapy in patients with glioblastoma: is there any benefit? Cancer 98(12), 2678-2686 (2003). Focuses on treatment for GBM patients with recurrent tumor.
77. Wilson CB, Gutin P, Boldrey EB et al. Single-agent chemotherapy of brain tumors. A five-year review. Arch. Neurol. 33(11), 739-744 (1976).