Constructing gender in chat groups

Sex Roles

Volumn 53, Issue 1-2, 2005, Pages 29-41

  Koch, Sabine C ^a   Mueller, Barbara ^a   Kruse, Lenelis ^a   Zumbach, Joerg ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HEIDELBERG   (Germany)

Author keywords

Chat; Computer mediated communication (CMC); Cue analysis; Gender; Language; Small groups; Stereotypes

Indexed keywords

EID: 24644484116     PISSN: 03600025     EISSN: 15732762     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11199-005-4276-7     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Allen, B. (1995). Gender and computer-mediated communication. Sex Roles, 32, 557-563.
2. Baumeister, R. F. (1982). A self-presentation view of social phenomena. Psychological Bulletin, 91, 3-26.
3. Bavelas, J. B., & Chovil, N. (2000). Visible acts of meaning: An integrated message model of language in face-to-face dialogue. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 19, 163-194.
4. Berger, J., Connor, T., & Fisek, M. H. (1974). Expectation states theory: A theoretical research program. Cambridge: Winthorp.
5. Bhappu, A., Griffith, T., & Northcraft, G. (1997). Media effects and communication bias in diverse groups. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 70, 199-205.
6. Biernat, M., & Fuegen, K. (2001). Shifting standards and the evaluation of competence: Complexity in gender-based judgment and decision making. Journal of Social Issues, 57, 707-724.
7. Biernat, M., & Manis, M. (1994). Shifting standards and stereotype-based judgments. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 5-20.
8. Bortz, J. (1993). Statistik für Sozialwissenschaftler (3rd ed.). Heidelberg: Springer.
9. Braun, F. (2001). The communication of gender in Turkish. In M. Hellinger & H. Bussmann (Eds.), Gender across languages (Vol. 1, pp. 283-310). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
10. Butler, J. (1991). Das Unbehagen der Geschlechter. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp.
11. Crawford, M. (1995). Talking difference: On gender and language. London: Sage.
12. Crowston, K., & Kammerer, E. (1998). Communicative style and gender differences in computer-mediated communication. In E. Bosah (Ed.), Cyberghetto or cybertopia? Race, class, and gender on the Internet (pp. 185-203). Westport, CT: Praeger.
13. Danet, B. (1998). Text as mask. Gender, play, and performance on the Internet. In S. G. Jones (Ed.), Cybersociety 2.0: Revisiting communication and community (pp. 129-158). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
14. Darley, J. M., & Gross, P. H. (1983). A hypothesis-conforming bias in labeling effects. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44, 20-33.
15. Deaux, K., & LaFrance, M. (1998). Gender. In D. Gilbert, S. Fiske, & G. Lindzey (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology (pp. 788-827). Boston: McGraw-Hill.
16. Deaux, K., & Major, B. (1987). Putting gender into context. An interactive model of gender-related behavior. Psychological Review, 94, 369-389.
17. Dennis, A., Kinney, S., & Hung, Y. (1999). Gender effects and the effects of media richness. Small Group Research, 30, 405-437.
18. Doering, N. (1999). Sozialpsychologie, des Internet. Göttingen: Hogrefe.
19. Dubrowsky, V., Kiesler, S., & Sethna, B. (1991). The equalization phenomenon: Status effects in computer-mediated and face-to-face decision making groups. Human Computer Interaction, 6, 119-146.
20. Eagly, A. H. (1987). Sex differences in social behavior. A social-role interpretation. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
21. Eagly, A. H., & Karau, S. (2002). Role congruity theory of prejudice toward female leaders. Psychological Review, 109, 573-598.
22. Eckes, T., & Trautner, H. M. (2000). The developmental social psychology of gender. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
23. Garfinkel, H. (1967). Studies in ethnomethodology. Englewood Cliff, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
24. Goffman, E. (1994). Interaktion und Geschlecht. Frankfurt: Fischer.
25. Hall, J. A. (1984). Nonverbal sex difference: Communication accuracy and expressive style. London: Hopkins.
26. Hall, J. A., & Carter, J. D. (1999). Gender-stereotype accuracy as an individual difference. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 350-359.
27. Hannah, A., & Murachver, T. (1999). Gender and conversational style as predictors of conversational behavior. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 18, 153-174.
28. Herring, S. (1996a). Computer-mediated communication. Linguistic, social, and cross-cultural perspectives. Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
29. Herring, S. (1996b). Posting in a different voice: Gender and ethics in computer-mediated communication. In C. Ess (Ed.), Philosophical perspectives on computer-mediated communication (pp. 115-142). Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
30. Herrschel, R. (1994). The impact of varying gender composition on group brainstorming performance in a GSS environment. Computers in Human Behavior, 10, 209-222.
31. Jaffe, J. M., Lee, Y., Huang, L., & Oshagan, H. (1995). Gender, pseudonyms, and CMC: Masking identities and bearing souls. Retreived 03/19/1999 from http://research.haifa.ac.il/~jmjaffe/genderpseudocmc.html
32. Jessup, L., Connolly, T., & Tansik, D. (1990). Toward a theory of automated group work: The de-individuating effects of anonymity. Small Group Research, 21, 333-348.
33. Kanter, R. M. (1977). Men and women of the corporation. New York: Basic Books.
34. Kessler, S. J., & McKenna, W. (1978). Gender: An ethnomethodological approach. Chicago: Wiley.
35. Kiesler, S., Siegel, J., & McGuire, T. (1984). Social psychological aspects of computer-mediated communication. American Psychologist, 39, 1123-1134.
36. Koch, S. (2004). Constructing gender: A lens-model inspired gender communication approach. Sex Roles, 51, 171-186.
37. Lorber, J. (1994). Paradoxes of gender. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
38. Lott, B. (1995). Distancing from women: Interpersonal sexist discrimination. In B. Lott & D. Maluso (Eds.), The social psychology of interpersonal discrimination (pp. 12-49). New York: Guilford Press.
39. Marecek, J., Crawford, M., & Popp, D. (2004). On the construction of gender, sex, and sexualities. In A. H. Eagly, A. E. Beall, & R. J. Sternberg (Eds.), The psychology of gender (2nd ed., pp. 192-216). New York: Guilford.
40. Markus, H., & Oyserman, D. (1989). Gender and thought. The role of the self-concept. In M. Crawford & M. Gentry (Eds.), Gender and though; Psychological perspectives (pp. 100-127). New York: Springer.
41. McGrath, J. E. (1984). Groups, interaction, and performance. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
42. McGrath, J. E., & Hollingshead, A. B. (1993). Putting the "G" back in GSS: Some theoretical issues about dynamic processes in groups with technological enhancements. In L. M. Jessup & J. Valacich (Eds.), Group support systems: New perspectives (pp. 78-96). New York: MacMillan.
43. Merten, K. (1995). Inhaltsanalyse. Opladen, Germany: Westdeutscher Verlag.
44. Merton, R. K. (1948). The self-fulfilling prophecy. Antioch Review, 8, 193-210.
45. Mueller, B. (2001). "Doing Gender" im Chat. Heidelberg: Unpublished Diplomarbeit.
46. Mulac, A. (1998). The gender-linked language effect. Do language differences really make a difference? In D. Canary & K. Dindia (Eds.), Sex differences and similarities in communication (pp. 127-153). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
47. Noller, P., & Fitzpatrick, M. A. (1988). Perspectives on marital interaction. Philadelphia: Multilingual Matters.
48. Ridgeway, C. L. (1992). Gender, interaction, and inequality. New York: Springer.
49. Ridgeway, C. L. (2001). Gender, status, and leadership. Journal of Social Issues, 57, 637-656.
50. Savicki, V., Kelley, M., & Oesterreich, E. (1999). Judgments of gender in computer-mediated communication. Computers in Human Behavior, 15, 185-194.
51. Snyder, M., Tanke, E. D., & Berscheid, E. (1977). Social perception and interpersonal behavior: On the self-fulfilling nature of social stereotypes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 35, 656-666.
52. Sproull, L., & Kiesler, S. (1986). Reducing social context cues: Electronic mail in organizational communication. Management Sciences, 32, 1492-1513.
53. Swann, W. B., Jr. (1983). Self-verification: Bringing social reality into harmony with the self. In J. Suls & A. Greenwald (Eds.), Psychological perspectives of the self (Vol. 2, pp. 33-669). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
54. Swim, J. K. (1994). Perceived versus meta-analytic effect sizes: An assessment of the accuracy of gender stereotypes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 21-36.
55. Thimm, C., Rademacher, U., & Kruse, L. (1994). Power-related talk: Control in verbal interaction. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 14, 328-407.
56. Thomson, R., & Murachver, T. (2001). Predicting gender from electronic discourse. British Journal of Social Psychology, 40, 193-208.
57. Turkle, S. (1998). Leben im Nets: Identitaet in Zeiten des Internet. Reinbek, Germany: Rowohlt.
58. West, C., & Zimmerman, D. H. (1987). Doing gender. Gender & Society, 1, 125-151.
59. Zumbach, J. (2002). Weiterbildung online. In C. Thimm (Ed.), Unternehmenskommunikation offline/online (pp. 260-288). Frankfurt: Peter Lang.