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A remarkable "large-scale synthesis" of (+)-discodermolide monohydrate has been reported by a Novartis group. This preparation, termed a "hybridized Novartis-Smith-Paterson" route, requires 39 steps (26 steps in the longest linear sequence) and 17 chromatographic purifications. Material obtained from this scheme is said to be sufficient for early-stage human clinical trials. See: Mickel, S. J.; Niederer, D.; Daeffler, R.; Osmani, A.; Kuesters, E.; Schmid, E.; Schaer, K.; Gamboni, R.; Chen, W.; Loeser, E.; Kinder, F. R., Jr.; K., K.; Prasad, K.; Ramsey, T. M.; Repic, O.; Wang, R.-M.; Florence, G.; Lyothier, I.; Paterson, I. Org. Process Res. Dev. 2004, 8, 122-130 and previous papers in the series.
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33
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3RhCl
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3RhCl.
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37
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2442541220
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note
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+ catalyst.
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38
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33845282886
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(a) Corey, E. J.; Bakshi, R. K.; Shibata, S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1987, 709, 5551-5553.
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41
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2442598060
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note
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S)-2-Methyl-CBS-oxaborolidine (from Aldrich) has a ≥94% enantiomeric purity.
-
-
-
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42
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0034630891
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and Supporting Information
-
On the basis of enantiomeric and diastereomeric ratios reported by McDonald for epoxidation of a similar enynol prepared from the (R)-CBS reagent, we expected Sharpless oxidation of our alcohol (S)-14 (93% of the CBS product) with the reagent from D-(-)-diisopropyl tartrate to provide a mixture of and epoxy alcohol 16 and its syn diastereomer in a ratio close to 99:1. We expected these conditions to convert (R)-14, 7% of the CBS product, to a 1:1 mixture of the syn epoxy alcohol and the enantiomer of 16. See: McDonald, F. E.; Reddy, K. S.; Diaz, Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 722, 4304-4309 and Supporting Information.
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McDonald, F.E.1
Reddy, K.S.2
Diaz, Y.3
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43
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2442505649
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note
-
1H NMR spectrum of epoxy alcohol 13 exhibited signals at 5.45 (t, J= 10.3 Hz, 1H), 5.18 (t, J = 10.3 Hz, 1H), 4.65 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1 H). In the same region, its syn diastereomer showed 5.42 (t, J = 10.5 Hz, 1H), 5.36 (t, J = 10.5 Hz, 1H), 4.26 (bs, 1H).
-
-
-
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44
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2442426229
-
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note
-
1H NMR spectrum of the (R)-Mosher ester of 13 (from the (S)-Mosher acid chloride) exhibited clear signals at 5.82 (dd, J = 9.5, 4.2 Hz, 1H), 5.57 (t, J = 10.5 Hz, 1H), 5.15 (t, J = 10.3 Hz, 1H). This pattern was resolved from and easily distinguished from that of the (S)-Mosher ester of 13: 5.79 (dd, J = 9.8, 4.8 Hz, 1H), 5.57 (dd, J = 10.7, 9.8 Hz, 1H), 5.27 (t, J = 10.7 Hz, 1H).
-
-
-
-
45
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2442619137
-
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note
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The and epoxy alcohol 13 was contaminated with a small amount of an impurity that appeared to contain a trans olefin.
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-
-
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46
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2442459873
-
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note
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Full details of structure assignment and characterization of anti diol 7 are contained in Supporting Information.
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