Human CD57+ germinal center-T cells are the major helpers for GC-B cells and induce class switch recombination

BMC Immunology

Volumn 6, Issue , 2005, Pages

  Kim, Jong R ^a   Lim, Hyung W ^a   Kang, Seung G ^a   Hillsamer, Peter ^b   Kim, Chang H ^a  

^a PURDUE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Sagamore Surgical Center   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CD40 LIGAND; CD57 ANTIGEN; CYTOSINE DEAMINASE; GAMMA INTERFERON; IMMUNOGLOBULIN A; IMMUNOGLOBULIN A1; IMMUNOGLOBULIN CLASS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN E; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G1; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G2; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G3; IMMUNOGLOBULIN M; INTERLEUKIN 10; INTERLEUKIN 4; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA1; CD69 ANTIGEN; LECTIN; LEUKOCYTE ANTIGEN; T LYMPHOCYTE ANTIGEN;

ANTIGEN EXPRESSION; ARTICLE; B LYMPHOCYTE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENZYME ACTIVITY; ENZYME INDUCTION; ENZYME REPRESSION; FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELL; GERMINAL CENTER; HELPER CELL; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; HUMAN TISSUE; IMMUNOGLOBULIN GENE; IMMUNOGLOBULIN PRODUCTION; LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION; LYMPHOCYTE FUNCTION; LYMPHOCYTOPOIESIS; LYMPHOID TISSUE; REGULATORY MECHANISM; T LYMPHOCYTE; T LYMPHOCYTE SUBPOPULATION; TONSIL; ANTIBODY PRODUCTION; BIOSYNTHESIS; CD4+ T LYMPHOCYTE; CYTOLOGY; DRUG EFFECT; GENE REARRANGEMENT; IMMUNOLOGY; PALATINE TONSIL; PHYSIOLOGY;

ANTIBODY FORMATION; ANTIGENS, CD; ANTIGENS, CD57; ANTIGENS, DIFFERENTIATION, T-LYMPHOCYTE; B-LYMPHOCYTE SUBSETS; CD4-POSITIVE T-LYMPHOCYTES; GERMINAL CENTER; HUMANS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN CLASS SWITCHING; IMMUNOGLOBULIN ISOTYPES; INTERFERON-GAMMA; INTERLEUKIN-10; INTERLEUKIN-4; LECTINS, C-TYPE; LYMPHOCYTE COOPERATION; PALATINE TONSIL; T-LYMPHOCYTE SUBSETS;

EID: 22544440345     PISSN: 14712172     EISSN: 14712172     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2172-6-3     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Liu YJ, de Bouteiller O, Fugier-Vivier I: Mechanisms of selection and differentiation in germinal centers. Curr Opin Immunol 1997, 9:256-262.
2. Clark EA, Ledbetter JA: How B and T cells talk to each other. Nature 1994, 367:425-428.
3. Ziegner M, Steinhauser G, Berek C: Development of antibody diversity in single germinal centers: selective expansion of high-affinity variants. Eur J Immunol 1994, 24:2393-2400.
4. Aruffo A, Farrington M, Hollenbaugh D, Li X, Milatovich A, Nonoyama S, Bajorath J, Grosmaire LS, Stenkamp R, Neubauer M, et al.: The CD40 ligand, gp39, is defective in activated T cells from patients with X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome. Cell 1993, 72:291-300.
5. Jumper MD, Splawski JB, Lipsky PE, Meek K: Ligation of CD40 induces sterile transcripts of multiple Ig H chain isotypes in human B cells. J Immunol 1994, 152:438-445.
6. Snapper CM, Paul WE: Interferon-gamma and B cell stimulatory factor-1 reciprocally regulate Ig isotype production. Science 1987, 236:944-947.
7. Stavnezer J: Immunoglobulin class switching. Curr Opin Immunol 1996, 8:199-205.
8. Liu YJ, Malisan F, de Bouteiller O, Guret C, Lebecque S, Banchereau J, Mills FC, Max EE, Martinez-Valdez H: Within germinal centers, isotype switching of immunoglobulin genes occurs after the onset of somatic mutation. Immunity 1996, 4:241-250.
9. Croft M, Swain SL: B cell response to fresh and effector T helper cells. Role of cognate T- B interaction and the cytokines IL-2, IL-4, and IL-6. J Immunol 1991, 146:4055-4064.
10. Lane P, Traunecker A, Hubele S, Inui S, Lanzavecchia A, Gray D: Activated human T cells express a ligand for the human B cellassociated antigen CD40 which participates in T celldependent activation of B lymphocytes. Eur J Immunol 1992, 22:2573-2578.
11. Noelle RJ, Ledbetter JA, Aruffo A: CD40 and its ligand, an essential ligand-receptor pair for thymus-dependent B-cell activation. Immunol Today 1992, 13:431-433.
12. Porwit-Ksiazek A, Ksiazek T, Biberfeld P: Leu 7+ (HNK-1+) cells. 1. Selective compartmentalization of Leu 7+ cells with different immunophenotypes in lymphatic tissues and blood. Scand J Immunol 1983, 18:485-493.
13. Velardi A, Mingari MC, Moretta L, Grossi CE: Functional analysis of cloned germinal center CD4+ cells with natural killer cellrelated features. Divergence from typical T helper cells. J Immunol 1986, 137:2808-2813.
14. Hsu SM, Cossman J, Jaffe ES: Lymphocyte subsets in normal human lymphoid tissues. Am J Clin Pathol 1983, 80:21-30.
15. Bowen MB, Butch AW, Parvin CA, Levine A, Nahm MH: Germinal center T cells are distinct helper-inducer T cells. Hum Immunol 1991, 31:67-75.
16. Bouzahzah F, Bosseloir A, Heinen E, Simar LJ: Human germinal center CD4+CD57+ T cells act differently on B cells than do classical T-helper cells. Dev Immunol 1995, 4:189-197.
17. Bouzahzah F, Bosseloir A, Heinen E, Simar LJ: Germinal center T cells: analysis of their proliferative capacity. Adv Exp Med Biol 1995, 378:305-307.
18. Johansson-Lindbom B, Ingvarsson S, Borrebaeck CA: Germinal centers regulate human Th2 development. J Immunol 2003, 171:1657-1666.
19. Kim CH, Rott LS, Clark-Lewis I, Campbell DJ, Wu L, Butcher EC: Subspecialization of CXCR5+ T cells: B helper activity is focused in a germinal center-localized subset of CXCR5+ T cells. J Exp Med 2001, 193:1373-1381.
20. Kim CH, Campbell DJ, Butcher EC: Nonpolarized memory T cells. Trends in Immunology 2001, 22:527-530.
21. Kim CH, Lim HW, Kim JR, Rott L, Hillsamer P, Butcher EC: Unique gene expression program of human germinal center T helper cells. Blood 2004, 104:1952-1960.
22. Gunn MD, Ngo VN, Ansel KM, Ekland EH, Cyster JG, Williams LT: A B-cell-homing chemokine made in lymphoid follicles activates Burkitt's lymphoma receptor-1. Nature 1998, 391:799-803.
23. Legler DF, Loetscher M, Roos RS, Clark-Lewis I, Baggiolini M, Moser B: B cell-attracting chemokine 1, a human CXC chemokine expressed in lymphoid tissues, selectively attracts B lymphocytes via BLR1/CXCR5. J Exp Med 1998, 187:655-660.
24. Ansel KM, Ngo VN, Hyman PL, Luther SA, Forster R, Sedgwick JD, Browning JL, Lipp M, Cyster JG: A chemokine-driven positive feedback loop organizes lymphoid follicles. Nature 2000, 406:309-314.
25. Banerjee D, Baril J, Bell DA, McFarlane D, Karim R: Suppression of immunoglobulin production by germinal centre HNK-1+ CD3+ cells. Adv Exp Med Biol 1988, 237:421-425.
26. Velardi A, Tilden AB, Millo R, Grossi CE: Isolation and characterization of Leu 7+ germinal-center cells with the T helper-cell phenotype and granular lymphocyte morphology. J Clin Immunol 1986, 6:205-215.
27. Andersson E, Dahlenborg K, Ohlin M, Borrebaeck CA, Carlsson R: Immunoglobulin production induced by CD57+ GC-derived helper T cells in vitro requires addition of exogenous IL-2. Cell Immunol 1996, 169:166-173.
28. Mori S, Mohri N, Morita H, Yamaguchi K, Shimamine T: Germinal centers as the main sites of Leu 7 (HNK-1) lymphocytes in human lymph node and tonsil. Nippon Ketsueki Gakkai Zasshi 1983, 46:1016-1019.
29. Ritchie AW, James K, Micklem HS: The distribution and possible significance of cells identified in human lymphoid tissue by the monoclonal antibody HNK-1. Clin Exp Immunol 1983, 51:439-447.
30. Weckert HA, Hughes JA, Benson EM, Dunn IS: Quantifiable analysis of human immunoglobulin heavy chain class-switch recombination to all isotypes. J Immunol Methods 2000, 233:141-158.
31. Golby SJ, Dunn-Walters DK, Spencer J: Human tonsillar germinal center T cells are a diverse and widely disseminated population. Eur J Immunol 1999, 29:3729-3736.
32. Durandy A, Schiff C, Bonnefoy JY, Forveille M, Rousset F, Mazzei G, Milili M, Fischer A: Induction by anti-CD40 antibody or soluble CD40 ligand and cytokines of IgG, IgA and IgE production by B cells from patients with X-linked hyper IgM syndrome. Eur J Immunol 1993, 23:2294-2299.
33. Nonoyama S, Hollenbaugh D, Aruffo A, Ledbetter JA, Ochs HD: B cell activation via CD40 is required for specific antibody production by antigen-stimulated human B cells. J Exp Med 1993, 178:1097-1102.
34. Allen RC, Armitage RJ, Conley ME, Rosenblatt H, Jenkins NA, Copeland NG, Bedell MA, Edelhoff S, Disteche CM, Simoneaux DK, et al.: CD40 ligand gene defects responsible for X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome. Science 1993, 259:990-993.
35. DiSanto JP, Bonnefoy JY, Gauchat JF, Fischer A, de Saint Basile G: CD40 ligand mutations in x-linked immunodeficiency with hyper-IgM. Nature 1993, 361:541-543.
36. Xu J, Foy TM, Laman JD, Elliott EA, Dunn JJ, Waldschmidt TJ, Elsemore J, Noelle RJ, Flavell RA: Mice deficient for the CD40 ligand. Immunity 1994, 1:423-431.
37. Cerutti A, Zan H, Schaffer A, Bergsagel L, Harindranath N, Max EE, Casali P: CD40 ligand and appropriate cytokines induce switching to IgG, IgA, and IgE and coordinated germinal center and plasmacytoid phenotypic differentiation in a human monoclonal IgM+IgD+ B cell line. J Immunol 1998, 160:2145-2157.
38. Lebman DA, Coffman RL: Interleukin 4 causes isotype switching to IgE in T cell-stimulated clonal B cell cultures. J Exp Med 1988, 168:853-862.
39. Moon HB, Severinson E, Heusser C, Johansson SG, Moller G, Persson U: Regulation of IgG1 and IgE synthesis by interleukin 4 in mouse B cells. Scand J Immunol 1989, 30:355-361.
40. Spiegelberg HL, O'Connor RD, Falkoff RJ, Beck L: Interleukin-4 induced IgE and IgG4 secretion by B cells from atopic dermatitis patients. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 1991, 94:181-183.
41. Gascan H, Gauchat JF, Roncarolo MG, Yssel H, Spits H, de Vries JE: Human B cell clones can be induced to proliferate and to switch to IgE and IgG4 synthesis by interleukin 4 and a signal provided by activated CD4+ T cell clones. J Exp Med 1991, 173:747-750.
42. Punnonen J, Aversa G, Cocks BG, McKenzie AN, Menon S, Zurawski G, de Waal Malefyt R, de Vries JE: Interleukin 13 induces interleukin 4-independent IgG4 and IgE synthesis and CD23 expression by human B cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1993, 90:3730-3734.
43. Fujieda S, Zhang K, Saxon A: IL-4 plus CD40 monoclonal antibody induces human B cells gamma subclass-specific isotype switch: switching to gamma 1, gamma 3, and gamma 4, but not gamma 2. J Immunol 1995, 155:2318-2328.
44. Briere F, Servet-Delprat C, Bridon JM, Saint-Remy JM, Banchereau J: Human interleukin 10 induces naive surface immunoglobulin D+ (sIgD+) B cells to secrete IgG1 and IgG3. J Exp Med 1994, 179:757-762.
45. Bossie A, Vitetta ES: IFN-gamma enhances secretion of IgG2a from IgG2a-committed LPS-stimulated murine B cells: implications for the role of IFN-gamma in class switching. Cell Immunol 1991, 135:95-104.
46. Xu L, Rothman P: IFN-gamma represses epsilon germline transcription and subsequently down-regulates switch recombination to epsilon. Int Immunol 1994, 6:515-521.
47. Muramatsu M, Sankaranand VS, Anant S, Sugai M, Kinoshita K, Davidson NO, Honjo T: Specific expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), a novel member of the RNA-editing deaminase family in germinal center B cells. J Biol Chem 1999, 274:18470-18476.
48. Martin A, Bardwell PD, Woo CJ, Fan M, Shulman MJ, Scharff MD: Activation-induced cytidine deaminase turns on somatic hypermutation in hybridomas. Nature 2002, 415:802-806.
49. Muramatsu M, Kinoshita K, Fagarasan S, Yamada S, Shinkai Y, Honjo T: Class switch recombination and hypermutation require activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), a potential RNA editing enzyme. Cell 2000, 102:553-563.
50. Revy P, Muto T, Levy Y, Geissmann F, Plebani A, Sanal O, Catalan N, Forveille M, Dufourcq-Labelouse R, Gennery A, Tezcan I, Ersoy F, Kayserili H, Ugazio AG, Brousse N, Muramatsu M, Notarangelo LD, Kinoshita K, Honjo T, Fischer A, Durandy A: Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) deficiency causes the autosomal recessive form of the Hyper-IgM syndrome (HIGM2). Cell 2000, 102:565-575.
51. Minegishi Y, Lavoie A, Cunningham-Rundles C, Bedard PM, Hebert J, Cote L, Dan K, Sedlak D, Buckley RH, Fischer A, Durandy A, Conley ME: Mutations in activation-induced cytidine deaminase in patients with hyper IgM syndrome. Clin Immunol 2000, 97:203-210.
52. Meffre E, Catalan N, Seltz F, Fischer A, Nussenzweig MC, Durandy A: Somatic hypermutation shapes the antibody repertoire of memory B cells in humans. J Exp Med 2001, 194:375-378.
53. Arakawa H, Hauschild J, Buerstedde JM: Requirement of the activation-induced deaminase (AID) gene for immunoglobulin gene conversion. Science 2002, 295:1301-1306.
54. Nagaoka H, Muramatsu M, Yamamura N, Kinoshita K, Honjo T: Activation-induced deaminase (AID)-directed hypermutation in the immunoglobulin Smu region: implication of AID involvement in a common step of class switch recombination and somatic hypermutation. J Exp Med 2002, 195:529-534.
55. van Vlasselaer P, Punnonen J, de Vries JE: Transforming growth factor-beta directs IgA switching in human B cells. J Immunol 1992, 148:2062-2067.
56. Lim HW, Hillsamer P, Kim CH: Regulatory T cells can migrate to follicles upon T cell activation and suppress GC-Th cells and GC-Th cell-driven B cell responses. J Clin Invest 2004, 114:1640-1649.
57. Roy MP, Kim CH, Butcher EC: Cytokine control of memory B cell homing machinery. J Immunol 2002, 169:1676-1682.
58. Chu CC, Paul WE, Max EE: Quantitation of immunoglobulin mu-gamma 1 heavy chain switch region recombination by a digestion-circularization polymerase chain reaction method. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1992, 89:6978-6982.