How the human telomeric proteins TRF1 and TRF2 recognize telomeric DNA: A view from high-resolution crystal structures

EMBO Reports

Volumn 6, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 39-45

  Court, Robert ^a,b   Chapman, Lynda ^a   Fairall, Louise ^a   Rhodes, Daniela ^a  

^a MRC LABORATORY OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY   (United Kingdom)

^b London Research Institute   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Telomeric DNA recognition; TRF1; TRF2; Water mediated contacts; X ray crystallography

Indexed keywords

DOUBLE STRANDED DNA; RAP PROTEIN; TELOMERE BINDING PROTEIN; TELOMERIC REPEAT BINDING FACTOR 1; TELOMERIC REPEAT BINDING FACTOR 2; DNA; HOMEODOMAIN PROTEIN; WATER;

ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; DNA BINDING; DNA CONFORMATION; DNA HELIX; HUMAN; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN DNA INTERACTION; T WAVE; TELOMERE; X RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; BINDING SITE; CHEMICAL STRUCTURE; CHEMISTRY; CONFORMATION; METABOLISM; MOLECULAR GENETICS; PROTEIN TERTIARY STRUCTURE; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; BINDING SITES; CRYSTALLOGRAPHY, X-RAY; DNA; HOMEODOMAIN PROTEINS; HUMANS; MODELS, MOLECULAR; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE, BIOMOLECULAR; NUCLEIC ACID CONFORMATION; PROTEIN STRUCTURE, TERTIARY; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; TELOMERE; TELOMERIC REPEAT BINDING PROTEIN 1; TELOMERIC REPEAT BINDING PROTEIN 2; WATER;

EID: 21444444520     PISSN: 1469221X     EISSN: 14693178     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/sj.embor.7400314     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Abrahams JP, Leslie ACW (1996) Methods used in the structure determination of bovine mitochondrial F-1 ATPase. Acta Crystallogr D 52: 30-42
2. Ancelin K, Brun C, Gilson E (1998) Role of the telomeric DNA-binding protein TRF2 in the stability of human chromosome ends. BioEssays 20: 879-883
3. Bianchi A, Smith S, Chong L, Elias P, de Lange T (1997) TRF1 is a dimer and bends telomeric DNA. EMBO J 16: 1785-1794
4. Bianchi A, Stansel RM, Fairall L, Griffith JD, Rhodes D, de Lange T (1999) TRF1 binds a bipartite telomeric site with extreme spatial flexibility. EMBO J 18: 5735-5744
5. Bilaud T, Koering CE, Binet-Brasselet E, Ancelin K, Pollice A, Gasser SM, Gilson E (1996) The telobox, a Myb-related telomeric DNA binding motif found in proteins from yeast, plants and human. Nucleic Acids Res 24: 1294-1303
6. Bilaud T, Brun C, Ancelin K, Koering CE, Laroche T, Gilson E (1997) Telomeric localization of TRF2, a novel human telobox protein. Nat Genet 17: 236-239
7. Broccoli D, Smogorzewska A, Chong L, de Lange T (1997) Human telomeres contain two distinct Myb-related proteins, TRF1 and TRF2. Nat Genet 17: 231-235
8. Brunger AT et al (1998) Crystallography & NMR system: a new software suite for macromolecular structure determination. Acta Crystallogr D 54: 905-921
9. CCP4 (1994) The CCP4 suite: programs for protein crystallography. Acta Crystallogr D 50: 760-763
10. de Lange T (2002) Protection of mammalian telomeres. Oncogene 21: 532-540
11. de Lange T (2004) T-loops and the origin of telomeres. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 5: 323-329
12. DeLano WL (2002) The PyMOL molecular graphics system. http://pymol.sourceforge.net
13. Fairall L, Chapman L, Moss H, de Lange T, Rhodes D (2001) Structure of the TRFH dimerization domain of the human telomeric proteins TRF1 and TRF2. Mol Cell 8: 351-361
14. Griffith JD, Comeau L, Rosenfield S, Stansel RM, Bianchi A, Moss H, de Lange T (1999) Mammalian telomeres end in a large duplex loop. Cell 97: 503-514
15. Jones TA, Zou J-Y, Cowan SW, Kjeldgaard M (1991) Improved methods for building protein models in electron density maps and the location of errors in these models. Acta Crystallogr A 47: 110-119
16. Kanei-Ishii C, Sarai A, Sawazaki T, Nakagoshi H, He DN, Ogata K, Nishimura Y, Ishii S (1990) The tryptophan cluster: a hypothetical structure of the DNA-binding domain of the myb protooncogene product. J Biol Chem 265: 19990-19995
17. Karlseder J, Broccoli D, Dai Y, Hardy S, de Lange T (1999) p53- and ATM-dependent apoptosis induced by telomeres lacking TRF2. Science 283: 1321-1325
18. Kim SH, Beausejour C, Davalos AR, Kaminker P, Heo SJ, Campisi J (2004) TIN2 mediates functions of TRF2 at human telomeres. J Biol Chem 279: 43799-43804
19. Kleywegt GJ, Jones TA (1996) xdlMAPMAN and xdlDATAMAN-programs for reformatting, analysis and manipulation of biomacromolecular electron-density maps and reflection data sets. Acta Crystallogr D 52: 826-828
20. Konig P, Rhodes D (1997) Recognition of telomeric DNA. Trends Biochem Sci 22: 43-47
21. Konig P, Giraldo R, Chapman L, Rhodes D (1996) The crystal structure of the DNA-binding domain of yeast RAP1 in complex with telomeric DNA. Cell 85: 125-136
22. Konig P, Fairall L, Rhodes D (1998) Sequence-specific DNA recognition by the myb-like domain of the human telomere binding protein TRF1 : a model for the protein-DNA complex. Nucleic Acids Res 26: 1731-1740
23. La Fortelle E, Irwin JJ, Bricogne G (1997) Advances in MIR and MAD phasing: maximum-likelihood refinement in a graphical environment, with SHARP. In Proceedings of the CCP4 Study Weekend, Wilson GDKS, Ashton AK, Bailey S (eds). Warrington, UK: Daresbury Laboratory
24. Lavery R, Sklenar H (1989) Defining the structure of irregular nucleic acids: conventions and principles. J Biomol Struct Dyn 6: 655-667
25. Lejnine S, Makarov VL, Langmore JP (1995) Conserved nucleoprotein structure at the ends of vertebrate and invertebrate chromosomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92: 2393-2397
26. Leslie AGW (1992) Recent changes to the MOSFLM package for processing film and image plate data. Joint CCP4+ESF-EAMCB Newslett Protein Crystallogr, issue 26
27. Li B, Oestreich S, de Lange T (2000) Identification of human Rap1 : implications for telomere evolution. Cell 101: 471-483
28. Liu D, Safari A, O'Connor MS, Chan DW, Laegeler A, Qin J, Songyang Z (2004) PTOP interacts with POT1 and regulates its localization to telomeres. Nat Cell Biol 6: 673-680
29. Nikitina T, Woodcock CL (2004) Closed chromatin loops at the ends of chromosomes. J Cell Biol 166: 161-165
30. Nishikawa T, Nagadoi A, Yoshimura S, Aimoto S, Nishimura Y (1998) Solution structure of the DNA-binding domain of human telomeric protein, hTRF1 Structure 6: 1057-1065
31. Nishikawa T, Okamura H, Nagadoi A, Konig P, Rhodes D, Nishimura Y (2001) Solution structure of a telomeric DNA complex of human TRF1. Structure (Camb) 9: 1237-1251
32. Ogata K, Hojo H, Aimoto S, Nakai T, Nakamura H, Sarai A, Ishii S, Nishimura Y (1992) Solution structure of a DNA-binding unit of Myb: a helix-turn-helix-related motif with conserved tryptophans forming a hydrophobia core. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89: 6428-6432
33. Rhodes D, Fairall L, Simonsson T, Court R, Chapman L (2002) Telomere architecture. EMBO Rep 3: 1139-1145
34. Satchwell SC, Drew HR, Travers AA (1986) Sequence periodicities in chicken nucleosome core DNA. J Mol Biol 191: 659-675
35. Smogorzewska A, De Lange T (2004) Regulation of telomerase by telomeric proteins. Annu Rev Biochem 73: 177-208
36. Smogorzewska A, van Steensel B, Bianchi A, Oelmann S, Schaefer MR, Schnapp G, de Lange T (2000) Control of human telomere length by TRF1 and TRF2. Mol Cell Biol 20: 1659-1668
37. Stansel RM, de Lange T, Griffith JD (2001) T-loop assembly in vitro involves binding of TRF2 near the 3′ telomeric overhang. EMBO J 20: 5532-5540
38. Terwilliger TC, Berendzen J (1999) Automated MAD and MIR structure solution. Acta Crystallogr D 55: 849-861
39. Tommerup H, Dousmanis A, de Lange T (1994) Unusual chromatin in human telomeres. Mol Cell Biol 14: 5777-5785
40. van Steensel B, de Lange T (1997) Control of telomere length by the human telomeric protein TRF1. Nature 385: 740-743
41. van Steensel B, Smogorzewska A, de Lange T (1998) TRF2 protects human telomeres from end-to-end fusions. Cell 92: 401-413
42. Ye JZ, Hockemeyer D, Krutchinsky AN, Loayza D, Hooper SM, Chait BT, de Lange T (2004) POT1 -interacting protein PIP1 : a telomere length regulator that recruits POT1 to the TIN2/TRF1 complex. Genes Dev 18: 1649-1654