Scavenger receptor BI and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 in reverse cholesterol transport atherosclerosis

Current Opinion in Lipidology

Volumn 16, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 307-315

  Van Eck, Miranda ^a,b   Pennings, Marieke ^a   Hoekstra, Menno ^a   Out, Ruud ^a   Van Berkel, Theo J C ^a  

^a LEIDEN UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

^b LEIDEN UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Atherosclerosis; HDL; Liver; Macrophages; Reverse cholesterol transport

Indexed keywords

ABC TRANSPORTER A1; CHOLESTEROL; CHOLESTEROL ESTER; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; SCAVENGER RECEPTOR BI; VERY LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN;

ARTERY WALL; ATHEROGENESIS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CHOLESTEROL METABOLISM; CHOLESTEROL TRANSPORT; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; HOMEOSTASIS; HUMAN; LIPID METABOLISM; LIVER; MACROPHAGE; POSTPRANDIAL STATE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTECTION; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN FUNCTION; PROTEIN SECRETION; PROTEIN TRANSPORT; REVERSE CHOLESTEROL TRANSPORT; REVIEW;

EID: 20544469710     PISSN: 09579672     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/01.mol.0000169351.28019.04     Document Type: Review

References (120)

1. Hennekens CH. Increasing burden of cardiovascular disease: current knowledge and future directions for research on risk factors. Circulation 1998; 97:1095-1102.
2. Ross R. Atherosclerosis: an inflammatory disease. N Engl J Med 1999; 340:115-126.
3. Fonarow GC, Watson KE. Effective strategies for long-term statin use. Am J Cardiol 2003; 92:271-341.
4. Kastelein JJ. The future of lipid-lowering therapy: the big picture. Neth J Med 2003; 61:35-39.
5. Gordon T, Castelli WP, Hjortland MC, et al. High density lipoprotein as a protective factor against coronary heart disease: the Framingham study. Am J Med 1977; 62:707-714.
6. Gotto AM Jr. Low high-density cholesterol as a risk factor in coronary disease: a working group report. Circulation 2001; 103:2213-2218.
7. Despres JP, Lemieux I, Dagenais GR, et al. HDL-cholesterol as a marker of coronary heart disease risk: the Quebec Cardiovascular Study. Atherosclerosis 2000; 153:263-272.
8. Calvo D, Vega MA. Identification, primary structure, and distribution of CLA-1, a novel member of the CD36/LIMPII gene family. J Biol Chem 1993; 268:18929-18935.
9. Acton SL, Rigotti A, Landschultz KT, et al. Identification of scavenger receptor SR-BI, a CD36-related class B scavenger receptor. J Biol Chem 1994; 269:21003-21009.
10. Babitt J, Trigatti B, Rigotti A, et al. Murine SR-BI, a high density lipoprotein receptor that mediates selective lipid uptake, is N-glycosylated and fatty acylated and colocalizes with plasma membrane caveolae. J Biol Chem 1997; 272:13242-13249.
11. Landschultz KT, Pathak RK, Rigotti A, et al. Regulation of scavenger receptor, class B, type I, a high density lipoprotein receptor, in liver and steroidogenic tissues of the rat. J Clin Invest 1996; 98:984-995.
12. Cao G, Garcia CK, Wyne KL, et al. Structure and localization of the human gene encoding SR-BI/CLA-1: evidence for transcriptional control by steroidogenic factor 1. J Biol Chem 1997; 272:33068-33076.
13. Rigotti A, Acton SL, Krieger M. The class B scavenger receptors SR-BI and CD36 are receptors for anionic phospholipids. J Biol Chem 1995; 270:16221-16224.
14. Ohgami N, Nagai R, Miyazaki A. Scavenger receptor class B type I-mediated reverse cholesterol transport is inhibited by advanced glycation end products. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:13348-13355.
15. Murao K, Terpstra V, Green SR, et al. Characterization of CLA-1, a human homologue of rodent scavenger receptor Bl1 as a receptor for high density lipoprotein and apoptotic thymocytes. J Biol Chem 1997; 272:17551-17557.
16. Acton S, Rigotti A, Landschultz KT, et al. Identification of scavenger receptor SR-BI as a high density lipoprotein receptor. Science 1996; 271:518-520.
17. Calvo D, Gomez-Coronado D, Lasuncion MA, Vega MA. CLA-1 is an 85-kD plasma membrane glycoprotein that acts as a high-affinity receptor for both native (HDL, LDL, and VLDL) and modified (OxLDL and AcLDL) lipoproteins. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1997; 17:2341-2349.
18. Stangl H, Hyatt M, Hobbs HH. Transport of lipids from high and low density lipoproteins via scavenger receptor-BI. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:32692-32698.
19. Gu X, Lawrence R, Krieger M. Dissociation of the high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein binding activities of murine scavenger receptor class B type I (mSR-BI) using retrovirus library-based activity dissection. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:9120-9130.
20. Rigotti A, Trigatti B, Babitt J. Scavenger receptor BI: a cell surface receptor for high density lipoprotein. Curr Opin Lipidol 1997; 8:181-188.
21. Liu B, Krieger M. Highly purified scavenger receptor class B, type I reconstituted into phosphatidylcholine/cholesterol liposomes mediates high affinity high density lipoprotein binding and selective lipid uptake. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:34125-34135.
22. De Lamatre JG, Sarphie TG, Archibold RC, Hornick CA. Metabolism of apoE-free high density lipoproteins in rat hepatoma cells: evidence for a retroendocytic pathway. J Lipid Res 1990; 31:191-202.
23. Silver DL, Wang N, Xiao X, Tall AR. High density lipoprotein (HDL) particle uptake mediated by scavenger receptor class B type 1 results in selective sorting of HDL cholesterol from protein and polarized cholesterol secretion. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:25287-25293.
24. Rhainds D, Bourgeois P, Bourret G, et al. Localization and regulation of SR-BI in membrane rafts of HepG2 cells. J Cell Sci 2004; 117:3095-3105. This study shows that SR-BI-dependent LDL and HDL cholesteryl ester selective uptake are affected differently by the integrity of membrane rafts, but both occur by a retroendocytic pathway in HepG2 cells.
25. De la Llera-Moya M, Rothblat GH, Connelly MA, et al. Scavenger receptor BI (SR-BI) mediates free cholesterol flux independently of HDL tethering to the cell surface. J Lipid Res 1999; 40:575-580.
26. Yancey PG, de la Llera-Moya M, Swarnakar S, et al. High density lipoprotein phospholipid composition is a major determinant of the bi-directional flux and net movement of cellular free cholesterol mediated by scavenger receptor BI. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:36596-36604.
27. 3H]cholesterol efflux to high and low density lipoproteins is dependent on lipoprotein binding to the receptor. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:29993-30001.
28. Higgins CF. ABC transporters: from micro-organisms to man. Annu Rev Cell Biol 1992; 8:67-113.
29. Sarkadi B, Price EM, Boucher RC, et al. Expression of the human multidrug resistance cDNA in insect cells generates a high activity drug-stimulated membrane ATPase. J Biol Chem 1992; 267:4854-4858.
30. Smit LS, Wilkinson DJ, Mansoura MK, et al. Functional roles of the nucleotide-binding folds in the activation of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1993; 90:9963-9967.
31. Wang N, Tall AR. Regulation and mechanisms of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1-mediated cellular cholesterol efflux. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2003; 23:1178-1184.
32. Fitzgerald ML, Morris AL, Chroni A, et al. ABCA1 and amphipathic apolipoproteins form high-affinity molecular complexes required for cholesterol efflux. J Lipid Res 2004; 45:287-294. This paper describes high-affinity, saturable, protein-protein interactions between ABCA1 and amphipathic proteins. Furthermore, it shows by using ABCA1 mutants that dissociation of the complex is not dependent on cholesterol transfer.
33. Remaley AT, Thomas F, Stonik JA, et al. Synthetic amphipathic helical peptides promote lipid efflux from cells by an ABCA1-dependent and an ABCA1-independent pathway. J Lipid Res 2003; 44:828-836.
34. Natarajan P, Forte TM, Chu B, et al. Identification of an apolipoprotein A-I structural element that mediates cellular cholesterol efflux and stabilizes ATP binding cassette transporter A1. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:24044-24052. Using synthetic peptides of apoA-I the authors of this study demonstrated the importance of a specific structural element containing a linear array of acidic residues spanning two apoA-I amphipathic α-helices for cholesterol efflux and stabilization of ABCA1.
35. Chambenoit O, Hamon Y, Marguet D, et al. Specific docking of apolipoprotein A-I at the cell surface requires a functional ABCA1 transporter. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:9955-9960.
36. Vaughan AM, Oram JF. ABCA1 redistributes membrane cholesterol independent of apolipoprotein interactions. J Lipid Res 2003; 44:1373-1380.
37. Wang N, Silver DL, Costet P, Tall AR. Specific binding of ApoA-I, enhanced cholesterol efflux, and altered plasma membrane morphology in cells expressing ABC1. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:33053-33058.
38. Fitzgerald ML, Morris AL, Rhee JS, et al. Naturally occurring mutations in the largest extracellular loops of ABCA1 can disrupt its direct interaction with apolipoprotein A-I. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:33178-33187.
39. Panagotopulos SE, Witting SR, Horace EM, et al. The role of apolipoprotein A-I helix 10 in apolipoprotein-mediated cholesterol efflux via the ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCA1. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:39477-39484.
40. Denis M, Haidar B, Marcil M, et al. Characterization of oligomeric human ATP binding cassette transporter A1: potential implications for determining the structure of nascent high density lipoprotein particles. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:41529-41536. Evidence is presented that the majority of ABCA1 exists as a tetramer that binds apoA-I in the plasma membrane and that the formed nascent lipoproteins contain at least four molecules of apoA-I.
41. Langmann T, Klucken J, Reil M, et al. Molecular cloning of the human ATP-binding cassette transporter 1 (hABC1): evidence for sterol-dependent regulation in macrophages. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999; 257:29-33.
42. Kozarsky KF, Donahee MH, Rigotti A, et al. Overexpression of the HDL receptor SR-BI alters plasma HDL and bile cholesterol levels. Nature 1997; 387:414-417.
43. Ueda Y, Royer L, Gong E, et al. Lower plasma levels and accelerated clearance of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and non-HDL cholesterol in scavenger receptor class B type I transgenic mice. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:7165-7171.
44. Wang N, Arai T, Ji Y, et al. Liver-specific overexpression of scavenger receptor BI decreases levels of very low density lipoprotein ApoB, low density lipoprotein ApoB, and high density lipoprotein in transgenic mice. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:32920-32926.
45. Ji Y, Wang N, Ramakrishnan R, et al. Hepatic scavenger receptor BI promotes rapid clearance of high density lipoprotein free cholesterol and its transport into bile. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:33398-33402.
46. Varban ML, Rinninger F, Wang N, et al. Targeted mutation reveals a central role for SR-BI in hepatic selective uptake of high density lipoprotein cholesterol. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1998; 95:4619-4624.
47. Rigotti A, Trigatti BL, Penman M, et al. A targeted mutation in the murine gene encoding the high density lipoprotein (HDL) receptor scavenger receptor class B type I reveals its key role in HDL metabolism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1997; 94:12610-12615.
48. Trigatti B, Rayburn H, Vinals M, et al. Influence of the high density lipoprotein receptor SR-BI on reproductive and cardiovascular pathophysiology. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999; 96:9322-9327.
49. Mardones P, Quinones V, Amigo L, et al. Hepatic cholesterol and bile acid metabolism and intestinal cholesterol absorption in scavenger receptor class B type I-deficient mice. J Lipid Res 2001; 42:170-180.
50. Van Eck M, Twisk J, Hoekstra M, et al. Differential effects of scavenger receptor BI deficiency on lipid metabolism in cells of the arterial wall and in the liver. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:23699-23705.
51. ••] shows that SR-BI is the sole molecule responsible for the selective uptake of cholesteryl esters from HDL by the liver.
52. ••] shows that SR-BI is the sole molecule responsible for the selective uptake of cholesteryl esters from HDL by the liver.
53. Thuahnai ST, Lund-Katz S, Williams DL, Phillips MC. Scavenger receptor class B, type I-mediated uptake of various lipids into cells: influence of the nature of the donor particle interaction with the receptor. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:43801-43808.
54. Thuahnai ST, Lund-Katz S, Anantharamaiah GM, et al. A quantitative analysis of apolipoprotein binding to SR-BI: multiple binding sites for lipid-free and lipid-associated apolipoproteins. J Lipid Res 2003; 44:1132-1142.
55. Li X, Kan HY, Lavrentiadou S, et al. Reconstituted discoidal ApoE-phospholipid particles are ligands for the scavenger receptor BI: the amino-terminal 1-165 domain of ApoE suffices for receptor binding. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:21149-21157.
56. Bultel-Brienne S, Lestavel S, Pilon A, et al. Lipid free apolipoprotein E binds to the class B type I scavenger receptor I (SR-BI) and enhances cholesteryl ester uptake from lipoproteins. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:36092-36099.
57. Ueda Y, Royer L, Gong E, et al. Lower plasma levels and accelerated clearance of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and non-HDL cholesterol in scavenger receptor class B type I transgenic mice. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:7165-7171.
58. Arai T, Wang N, Bezouevski M, et al. Decreased atherosclerosis in heterozygous low density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice expressing the scavenger receptor BI transgene. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:2366-2371.
59. Kozarsky KF, Donahee MH, Glick JM, et al. Gene transfer and hepatic overexpression of the HDL receptor SR-BI reduces atherosclerosis in the cholesterol-fed LDL receptor-deficient mouse. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2000; 20:721-727.
60. Fu T, Kozarsky KF, Borensztajn J. Overexpression of SR-BI by adenoviral vector reverses the fibrate induced hypercholesterolemia of apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:52559-52563.
61. Huszar D, Varban ML, Rinninger F, et al. Increased LDL cholesterol and atherosclerosis in LDL receptor-deficient mice with attenuated expression of scavenger receptor B1. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2000; 20:1068-1073.
62. Webb NR, de Beer MC, Yu J, et al. Overexpression of SR-BI by adenoviral vector promotes clearance of apoA-I, but not apoB, in human apoB transgenic mice. J Lipid Res 2002; 43:1421-1428.
63. Webb NR, de Beer MC, de Beer FC, van der Westhuyzen DR. ApoB-containing lipoproteins in apoE-deficient mice are not metabolized by the class B scavenger receptor BI. J Lipid Res 2004; 45:272-280.
64. Out R, Kruijt JK, Rensen PCN, et al. Scavenger receptor BI plays a role in facilitating chylomicron metabolism. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:18401-18406. This study shows that the postprandial triglyceride response after an intragastric fat load is higher in SR-BI knockout mice compared with SR-BI wild types.
65. Pèrez-Martinez P, Lopez-Miranda J, Ordovas JM, et al. Postprandial lipemia is modified by the presence of the polymorphism present in the exon 1 variant at the SR-BI gene locus. J Mol Endocrinol 2004; 32:237-245. This study shows that a polymorphism in exon 1 of SR-BI is associated with increased postprandial triglyceride responses in humans.
66. Perez-Martinez P, Ordovas JM, Lopez-Miranda J, et al. Polymorphism exon 1 variant at the locus of the scavenger receptor class B type I gene: influence on plasma LDL cholesterol in healthy subjects during the consumption of diets with different fat contents. Am J Clin Nutr 2003; 77:809-813.
67. Osgood D, Corella D, Demissie S, et al. Genetic variation at the scavenger receptor class B type I gene locus determines plasma lipoprotein concentrations and particle size and interacts with type 2 diabetes: the Framingham Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003; 88:2869-2879.
68. Acton S, Osgood D, Donoghue M, et al. Association of polymorphisms at the SR-BI gene locus with plasma lipid levels and body mass index in a white population. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1999; 19:1734-1743.
69. McCarthy JJ, Lehner T, Reeves C, et al. Association of genetic variants in the HDL receptor, SR-BI, with abnormal lipids in women with coronary artery disease. J Med Genet 2003; 40:453-458.
70. Morabia A, Ross BM, Costanza MC, et al. Population-based study of SR-BI genetic variation and lipid profile. Atherosclerosis 2004; 175:159-168.
71. Ueda Y, Gong E, Royer L, et al. Relationship between expression levels and atherogenesis in scavenger receptor class B, type I transgenics. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:20368-20373.
72. Covey SD, Krieger M, Wang W, et al. Scavenger receptor class B type I-mediated protection against atherosclerosis in LDL receptor-negative mice involves its expression in bone marrow-derived cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2003; 23:1589-1594.
73. Trigatti B, Rayburn H, Vinals M, et al. Influence of the high density lipoprotein receptor SR-BI on reproductive and cardiovascular pathophysiology. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999; 96:9322-9327.
74. Braun A, Trigatti BL, Post MJ, et al. Loss of SR-BI expression leads to the early onset of occlusive atherosclerotic coronary artery disease, spontaneous myocardial infarctions, severe cardiac dysfunction, and premature death in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Circ Res 2002; 90:270-276.
75. Karackattu SL, Picard MH, Krieger M. Lymphocytes are not required for the rapid onset of coronary heart disease in scavenger receptor class B type I/ apolipoprotein E double I#knockout mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2005; 24:1-6. By cross-breeding of SR-BI x apoE double knockout mice with RAG2 mice that lack B and T lymphocytes the authors of this study demonstrate that lymphocytes are not required for the rapid onset of coronary artery disease in SR-BI x apoE double knockout mice.
76. Ji Y, Jian B, Wang N, et al. Scavenger receptor BI promotes high density lipoprotein-mediated cellular cholesterol efflux. J Biol Chem 1997; 272: 20982-20985.
77. Chinetti G, Gbaguidi FG, Griglio S, et al. CLA-1/SR-BI is expressed in atherosclerotic lesion macrophages and regulated by activators of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. Circulation 2000; 101:2411-2417.
78. Hirano K, Yamashita S, Nakagawa Y, et al. Expression of human scavenger receptor class B type I in cultured human monocyte-derived macrophages and atherosclerotic lesions. Circ Res 1999; 85:108-116.
79. Van Eck, Bos IST, Hildebrand RB, et al. Dual role for scavenger receptor class B, type I on bone marrow-derived cells in atherosclerotic lesion development. Am J Pathol 2004; 165:785-794. This paper describes a unique dual role for SR-BI in bone marrow-derived cells in atherosclerotic lesion development: SR-BI induces the development of small fatty streak lesions, while it protects against the development of more advanced atherosclerotic lesions.
80. Zhang W, Yancey PG1 Su YR, et al. Inactivation of macrophage scavenger receptor class B type I promotes atherosclerotic lesion development in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Circulation 2003; 108:2258-2263.
81. Rodriguez-Esparragȯn F, Rodriguez-Perez JC, Hernandez-Trujillo Y, et al. Allelic variants of the human scavenger receptor class B type 1 and paraoxonase 1 on coronary heart disease: genotype-phenotype correlations. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2005; 25:1-7. This paper describes a direct association between a polymorphism in exon 8 of SR-BI and the risk of coronary artery disease.
82. Hirano K, Yamashita S, Nakagawa Y, et al. Expression of human scavenger receptor class B type I in cultured human monocyte-derived macrophages and atherosclerotic lesions. Circ Res 1999; 85:108-116.
83. Brooks-Wilson A, Marcil M, Clee SM, et al. Mutations in ABC1 in Tangier disease and familial high-density lipoprotein deficiency. Nat Genet 1999; 22:336-345.
84. Bodzioch M, Orso E, Klucken J, et al. The gene encoding ATP-binding cassette transporter 1 is mutated in Tangier disease. Nat Genet 1999; 22:347-351.
85. Rust S, Rosier M, Funke H, et al. Tangier disease is caused by mutations in the gene encoding ATP-binding cassette transporter 1. Nat Genet 1999; 22:352-355.
86. Orso E, Broccardo C, Kaminski WE, et al. Transport of lipids from golgi to plasma membrane is defective in Tangier disease patients and ABC1-deficient mice. Nat Genet 2000; 24:192-196.
87. McNeish J, Aiello RJ, Guyot D, et al. High density lipoprotein deficiency and foam cell accumulation in mice with targeted disruption of ATP-binding cassette transporter-1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000; 97: 4245-4250.
88. Christiansen-Weber TA, Voland JR, Wu Y, et al. Functional loss of ABCA1 in mice causes severe placental malformation, aberrant lipid distribution, and kidney glomerulonephritis as well as high-density lipoprotein cholesterol deficiency. Am J Pathol 2000; 157:1017-1029.
89. Singaraja RR, Bocher V, James ER, et al. Human ABCA1 BAC transgenic mice show increased high density lipoprotein cholesterol and ApoAI-dependent efflux stimulated by an internal promoter containing liver X receptor response elements in intron 1. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:33969-33979.
90. Vaisman BL, Lambert G, Amar M, et al. ABCA1 overexpression leads to hyperalphalipoproteinemia and increased biliary cholesterol excretion in transgenic mice. J Clin Invest 2001; 108:303-309.
91. Frikke-Schmidt R, Noordestgaard BG, Jensen GB, Tygjaerg-Hansen A. Genetic variation in ABC transporter A1 contributes to HDL cholesterol in the general population. J Clin Invest 2004; 114:1343-1353. In this study evidence is provided that at least 10% of individuals with low HDL are heterozygous for mutations in ABCA1.
92. Pajukanta P. Do DNA sequence variants in ABCA1 contribute to HDL cholesterol levels in the general population? J Clin Invest 2004; 114:1244-1247.
93. Cohen JC, Kiss RS, Pertsemlidis A, et al. Multiple rare alleles contribute to low plasma levels of HDL cholesterol. Science 2004; 305:869-872. This study demonstrates that multiple rare sequence variants of ABCA1, apoA-I, and lecithin-cholesterol acyl-transferase contribute significantly to low HDL cholesterol levels in the general population.
94. Haghpassand M, Bourassa PA, Francone OL, Aiello RJ. Monocyte/macrophage expression of ABCA1 has minimal contribution to plasma HDL levels. J Clin Invest 2001; 108:1315-1320.
95. Van Eck M, Bos IST, Kaminski WE, et al. Leukocyte ABCA1 controls susceptibility to atherosclerosis and macrophage recruitment into tissues. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2002; 99:6298-6303.
96. Windmueller HG, Herbert PN, Levy RI. Biosynthesis of lymph and plasma lipoprotein apoproteins by isolated perfused rat liver and intestine. J Lipid Res 1973; 14:215-223.
97. Chisholm JW, Burleson ER, Shelness GS, Parks JS. ApoA-I secretion from HepG2 cells: evidence for the secretion of both lipid-poor apoA-I and intracellularly assembled nascent HDL. J lipid Res 2002; 43:36-44.
98. Luciani MF, Denizot F, Savary S, et al. Cloning of two novel ABC transporters mapping on human chromosome 9. Genomics 1994; 21:150-159.
99. Lawn RM, Wade DP, Couse TL, et al. Localization of human ATP-binding cassette transporter 1 (ABC1) in normal and atherosclerotic tissues. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2001; 21:378-385.
100. Kiss RS, McManus DC, Franklin V, et al. The lipidation by hepatocytes of human apolipoprotein A-I occurs by both ABCA1-dependent and -independent pathways. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:10119-10127.
101. Basso F, Freeman L, Knapper CL, et al. Role of the hepatic ABCA1 transporter in modulating intrahepatic cholesterol and plasma HDL cholesterol concentrations. J Lipid Res 2003; 44:296-302.
102. Wellington CL, Brunham LR, Zhou S, et al. Alterations of plasma lipids in mice via adenoviral-mediated hepatic overexpression of human ABCA1. J Lipid Res 2003; 44:1470-1480.
103. Lee JY, Parks JS. ATP-binding cassette transporter AI and its role in HDL formation. Curr Opin Lipidol 2005; 16:19-25. In this comprehensive review on the role of ABCA1 in the lipidation of HDL, recent studies of the lab of John Parks are described on the effect of liver-specific deletion of ABCA1 on circulating HDL cholesterol levels.
104. Timmins JM, Lee JY, Mulya A, et al. Tissue-specific hepatic deletion of ABCA1 indicates that the liver is the primary site for HDL formation in vivo [abstract]. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2004; 24:52.
105. Liu L, Vaisman B, Fruchart-Najib J, et al. Selective hepatic expression of ABCA1 in ABCA1-KO mice identifies liver ABCA1 as the major source of plasma HDL-C [abstract]. Circulation 2004; 110:111-272.
106. Kolovou G, Daskalova D, Anagnostopoulou K, et al. Postprandial hypertrigly-ceridaemia in patients with Tangier disease. J Clin Pathol 2003; 56:937-941.
107. Joyce CW, Amar MJ, Lambert G, et al. The ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) modulates the development of aortic atherosclerosis in C57BL/6 and apoE-knockout mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2002; 99:407-412.
108. Sahoo D, Trischuk TC, Chan T, et al. ABCA1-dependent lipid efflux to apolipoprotein A-I mediates HDL particle formation and decreases VLDL secretion from murine hepatocytes. J Lipid Res 2004; 45:1122-1131. In-vitro studies using cultured primary murine hepatocytes were performed demonstrating that cholesterol efflux to apoA-I reduced the secretion of triglycerides and apoB from wild-type hepatocytes, but not from hepatocytes lacking ABCA1.
109. Groen AK, Bloks VW, Bandsma RA, et al. Hepatobiliary cholesterol transport is not impaired in Abca1-null mice lacking HDL. J Clin Invest 2001; 108:843-850.
110. Clee SM, Kastelein JJ, Van Dam M, et al. Age and residual cholesterol efflux affect HDL cholesterol levels and coronary artery disease in ABCA1 heterozygotes. J Clin Invest 2000; 106:1263-1270.
111. Clee SM, Zwinderman AH, Engert JC, et al. Common genetic variation in ABCA1 is associated with altered lipoprotein levels and a modified risk for coronary artery disease. Circulation 2001; 103:1198-1205.
112. Van Dam MJ, de Groot E, Clee SM, et al. Association between increased arterial-wall thickness and impairment in ABCA1-driven cholesterol efflux: an observational study. Lancet 2002; 359:37-41.
113. Tregouet DA, Ricard S, Nicaud V, et al. In-depth haplotype analysis of ABCA1 gene polymorphisms in relation to plasma ApoA1 levels and myocardial infarction. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2004; 24:775-781.
114. Brousseau ME, Bodzioch M, Schaefer EJ, et al. Common variants in the gene encoding ATP-binding cassette transporter 1 in men with low HDL cholesterol levels and coronary heart disease. Atherosclerosis 2001; 154:607-611.
115. Evans D, Beil FU. The association of the R219K polymorphism in the ATP-binding cassette transporter 1 (ABCA1) gene with coronary heart disease and hyperlipidaemia. J Mol Med 2003; 81:264-270.
116. Kyriakou T, Hodgkinson C, Pontefract DE, et al. Genotypic effect of the -565C>T polymorphism in the ABCA1 gene promoter on ABCA1 expression and severity of atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2005; 25:418-423.
117. Singaraja RR, Fievet C, Castro G, et al. Increased ABCA1 activity protects against atherosclerosis. J Clin Invest 2002; 110:35-42.
118. Aiello RJ, Brees D, Bourassa PA, et al. Increased atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic mice with inactivation of ABCA1 in macrophages. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2002; 22:630-637.
119. Albrecht C, Soumian S, Amey JS, et al. ABCA1 expression in carotid atherosclerotic plaques. Stroke 2004; 35:2801-2806. This study demonstrated that ABCA1 protein expression is markedly reduced in advanced atherosclerotic lesions, probably as a result of the plaque microenvironment. Downregulation of ABCA1 expression may be a key factor in the progression of atherosclerotic lesions.
120. Van Eck M, Singaraja RR, Hildebrand RB, et al. Macrophage-specific ATP-binding cassette transporter 1 (ABCA1) overexpression inhibits atherosclerotic lesion progression [abstract]. Circulation 2003; 108:IV-71.