Early Nuclear Exclusion of the Transcription Factor Max Is Associated with Retinal Ganglion Cell Death Independent of Caspase Activity

Journal of Cellular Physiology

Volumn 198, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 179-187

  Petrs Silva, Hilda ^a   De Freitas, Fabiola G ^a   Linden, Rafael ^a   Chiarini, Luciana B ^a  

^a FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF RIO DE JANEIRO   (Brazil)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANISOMYCIN; CASPASE; CASPASE 3; CASPASE INHIBITOR; MAX PROTEIN; THAPSIGARGIN; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR;

ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL TISSUE; APOPTOSIS; ARTICLE; AXONAL INJURY; CELL DEATH; CELL NUCLEUS; CELLULAR DISTRIBUTION; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYTOPLASM; DENDRITE; ENZYME ACTIVATION; ENZYME ACTIVITY; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; IMMUNOREACTIVITY; NERVE CELL; NERVE CELL DEGENERATION; NERVE FIBER TRANSECTION; NICK END LABELING; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN CONTENT; PROTEIN LOCALIZATION; RAT; RETINA GANGLION CELL; RETROGRADE NERVE FIBER TRANSPORT; TRANSCRIPTION REGULATION;

EID: 1642539962     PISSN: 00219541     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/jcp.10404     Document Type: Article

References (73)

1. Abdelhaleem M. 2002. A role for the subcellular localization of Bax in differentiation-induced resistance to apoptosis in HL-60 cells. Anticancer Res 22:177-181.
2. Al-Abdulla NA, Martin LJ. 1998. Apoptosis of retrogradely degenerating neurons occurs in association with the accumulation of perikaryal mitochondria and oxidative damage to the nucleus. Am J Pathol 153:447-456.
3. Amati B, Dalton S, Brooks MW, Littlewood TD, Evan G, Land H. 1992. Transcriptional activation by the human c-Myc oncoprotein in Yeast requires interaction with Max. Nature 359:423-426.
4. Amin C, Wagner AJ, Hay N. 1993. Sequence-specific transcriptional activation by Myc and repression by Max. Mol Cell Biol 13:383-390.
5. Arai Y, Tsutsui Y, Shinmura Y, Kosugi T, Nishikage H, Yamamoto J. 2001. An autopsy case of the schizophrenic 32 years after lobotomy. Neuropathology 21:53-60.
6. Ayukawa K, Taniguchi S, Masumoto J, Hashimoto S, Sarvotham H, Hara A, Aoyama T, Sagara J. 2000. La autoantigen is cleaved in the COOH terminus and loses the nuclear localization signal during apoptosis. J Biol Chem 275:34465-34470.
7. Beazley LD, Perry VH, Baker B, Darby JE. 1987. An investigation into the role of ganglion cells in the regulation of division and death of other retinal cells. Brain Res 430:169-184.
8. Bergeron L, Yuan J. 1998. Sealing one's fate, control of cell death in neurons. Curr Opin Neurobiol 8:55-63.
9. Blackwood EM, Eisenman RN. 1991. Max, a helix-loop-helix zipper protein that forms a sequence-specific DNA-binding complex with Myc. Science 251:1211-1217.
10. Brunet A, Datta SR, Greenberg ME. 2001. Transcription-dependent and -independent control of neuronal survival by the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Curr Opin Neurobiol 11:297-305.
11. Burke WJ, Chung HD, Huang JS, Huang SS, Haring JH, Strong R, Marshall GL, Joh TH. 1998. Evidence for retrograde degeneration of epinephrine neurons in Alzheimer's disease. Ann Neurol 24:532-536.
12. Cañelles M, Delgado MD, Hyland KM, Lerga A, Richard C, Dang CV, León J. 1997. Max and inhibitory c-Myc mutants induce erythroid differentiation and resistance to apoptosis in human myeloid leukemia cells. Oncogene 14:1315-1327.
13. Chang LK, Putcha GV, Deshmukh M, Johnson EM Jr. 2002a. Mitochondrial involvement in the point of no return in neuronal apoptosis. Biochimie 84:223-231.
14. Chang SH, Cvetanovic M, Harvey KJ, Komoriya A, Packard BZ, Ucker DS. 2002b. The effector phase of physiological cell death relies exclusively on the posttranslational activation of resident components. Exp Cell Res 277:15-30.
15. Chen G, Goeddel DV. 2002. TNF-R1 signaling, a beautiful pathway. Science 296:1634-1635.
16. Chen Y, Sun R, Han W, Zhang Y, Song Q, Di C, Ma D. 1999. Nuclear translocation of PDCD5 TFAR19, an early signal for apoptosis? FEBS Lett 509:191-196.
17. Chiarini LB, Freitas FG, Petrs-Silva H, Linden R. 2000. Evidence that the bifunctional redox factor/AP endonuclease Ref-1 is an anti-apoptotic protein associated with differentiation in the developing retina. Cell Death Diff 7:272-281.
18. Chu GK, Tawadros PS, Kulbatski I, Tator CH. 2001. Death of rat sympathetic ganglion cells in vitro caused by neurite transection, effect of extracellular calcium. J Neurotrauma 18:699-710.
19. Clemens MJ, Bushell M, Jeffrey IW, Pain VM, Morley SJ. 2000. Translation initiation factor modifications and the regulation of protein synthesis in apoptotic cells. Cell Death Diff 7:603-615.
20. Enari M, Sakahira H, Yokoyoma H, Okawa K, Iwamtsu A, Nagata S. 1998. A caspase-activated DNAse that degrades DNA during apoptosis, and its inhibitor ICAD. Nature 391:43-50.
21. Evan G, Wyllie A, Gilbert C, Littlewood T, Land H, Brooks M, Waters C, Penn L, Hancock D. 1992. Induction of apoptosis in fibroblasts by c-myc protein. Cell 63:119-125.
22. Feig LA, Buchsbaum RJ. 2002. Cell signaling, life or death decisions of ras proteins. Curr Biol 12:R259-R261.
23. Flavell RA, Dong C, Davis RJ. 2002. Signaling and cell death in lymphocytes. Inflamm Res 51:80-82.
24. Garcia-Valenzuela E, Gorczyca W, Darzynkiewicz Z, Sharma SC. 1994. Apoptosis in adult retinal ganglion cells after axotomy. J Neurobiol 25:431-438.
25. Ginty DD, Segal RA. 2002. Retrograde neurotrophin signaling, Trking along the axon. Curr Opin Neurobiol 12:268-274.
26. Green DR, Amarante-Mendes GP. 1998. The point of no return, mitochondria, caspases, and the commitment to cell death. Results Probl Cell Differ 24:45-61.
27. Hall ED, Smith SL, Oostveen JA. 1996. Inhibition of lipid peroxidation attenuates axotomy-induced apoptotic degeneration of facial motor neurons in neonatal rats. J Neurosci Res 44:293-299.
28. Hengartner MO. 2000. The biochemistry of apoptosis. Nature 407:770-776.
29. Isenmann S, Wahl C, Krajewski S, Reed JC, Bahr M. 1997. Upregulation of Bax protein in degenerating retinal ganglion cells precedes apoptotic cell death after optic nerve lesion in the rat. Eur J Neurosci 9:1763-1772.
30. Isenmann S, Engel S, Gillardon F, Bahr M. 1999. Bax antisense oligonucleotides reduce axotomy-induced retinal ganglion cell death in vivo by reduction of Bax protein expression. Cell Death Diff 6:673-682.
31. Juin P, Hueber AO, Littlewood T, Evan G. 1999. c-Myc induced sensitization to apoptosis is mediated through cytochrome c release. Genes Dev 13:1367-1381.
32. Khoklatchev AV, Canagarajah B, Wilsbacher J. 1998. Phosphorylation of the MAP kinase ERK2 promotes its homodimerization and nuclear translocation. Cell 93:605-615.
33. Kretzner L, Blackwood EM, Eisenman RN. 1992. Myc and Max proteins possess distinct transcriptional activities. Nature 359:426-429.
34. Krippner-Heidenreich A, Talanian RV, Sekul R, Kraft R, Thole H, Ottleben H, Luscher B. 2001. Targeting of the transcription factor Max during apoptosis, phosphorylation-regulated cleavage by caspase-5 at an unusual glutamic acid residue in position P1. Biochem J 358:705-715.
35. Kudo N, Wolff B, Sekimoto T, Schreiner EP, Yoneda Y, Yanagida M, Horinouchi S, Yoshida M. 1998. Leptomycin B inhibition of signal-mediated nuclear export by direct binding to CRM1. Exp Cell Res 242:540-547.
36. Lawlor MA, Alessi DR. 2001. PKB/Akt, a key mediator of cell proliferation, survival, and insulin responses? J Cell Sci 114:2903-2910.
37. Leist M, Jaattela M. 2001. Four deaths and a funeral, from caspases to alternative mechanisms. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2:589-598.
38. Levens D. 2002. Disentangling the MYC web. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99:5757-5759.
39. Lindeman GJ, Harris AW, Bath ML, Eisenman RN, Adams JM. 1995. Overexpressed max is not oncogenic and attenuates myc-induced lymphoproliferation and lynphomagenesis in trangenic mice. Oncogene 10:1013-1017.
40. Luscher B. 2001. Function and regulation of the transcription factors of the Myc/Max/Mad network. Gene 277:1-14.
41. Martel C, Lallemand D, Cremisi C. 1995. Specific c-myc and max regulation in epithelial cells. Oncogene 10:2195-2205.
42. Martin LJ, Kaiser A, Price AC. 1999. Motor neuron degeneration after sciatic nerve avulsion in adult rat evolves with oxidative stress and is apoptosis. J Neurobiol 40:185-201.
43. Miller FD, Kaplan DR. 2001. Neurotrophin signalling pathways regulating neuronal apoptosis. Cell Mol Life Sci 58:1045-1053.
44. Mitchell KO, Ricci MS, Miyashita T, Dicker DT, Jin Z, Reed JC, El-Deiry WS. 2000. Bax is a transcriptional target and mediator of c-Myc induced apoptosis. Cancer Res 60:6318-6325.
45. Namura S, Zhu J, Fink K, Endres M, Srinivasan A, Tomaselli KJ, Yuan J, Moskowitz MA. 1998. Activation and cleavage of caspase-3 in apoptosis induced by experimental cerebral ischemia. J Neurosci 18:3659-3668.
46. Oster SK, Ho CS, Soucie EL, Penn LZ. 2002. The myc oncogene, MarvelouslY Complex. Adv Cancer Res 84:81-154.
47. Parone PA, James D, Martinou JC. 2002. Mitochondria, regulating the inevitable. Biochimie 84:105-111.
48. Pearson RC, Powell TP. 1987. Anterograde vs. retrograde degeneration of the nucleus basalis medialis in Alzheimer's disease. J Neural Transm 24:139-146.
49. Pelengaris S, Khan M, Evan G. 2002. c-Myc, more than just a matter of life and death. Nat Rev Cancer 2:764-776.
50. Perry VH. 1981. Evidence for an amacrine cell system in the ganglion cell layer of the rat retina. Neuroscience 6:931-944.
51. Perry VH, Anthony DC. 1999. Axon damage and repair in multiple sclerosis. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 354:1641-1647.
52. Perry VH, Henderson Z, Linden R. 1983. Postnatal changes in retinal ganglion cell and optic axon populations in the pigmented rat. J Comp Neurol 219:356-368.
53. Prendergast GC. 1999. Mechanisms of apoptosis by c-Myc. Oncogene 18:2967-2987.
54. Quigley HA, Nickells RW, Kerrigan LA, Pease ME, Thibault DJ, Zack DJ. 1995. Retinal ganglion cell death in experimental glaucoma and after axotomy occurs by apoptosis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 36:774-786.
55. Rabacchi SA, Bonfanti L, Liu XH, Maffei L. 1994. Apoptotic cell death induced by optic nerve lesion in the neonatal rat. J Neurosci 14:5292-5301.
56. Raff MC. 1992. Social controls on cell survival and cell death. Nature 356:397-400.
57. Rathmell JC, Thompson CB. 2002. Pathways of apoptosis in lymphocyte development, homeostasis, and disease. Cell 109:S97-S107.
58. Rehen SK, Ary-Pires R, Linden R. 1993. Intraretinal neurotrophic activity prevents the degeneration of ganglion cells in retinal explants. Braz J Med Biol Res 26:955-959.
59. Rehen SK, Varella MH, Freitas FG, Moraes MO, Linden R. 1996. Contrasting effects of protein synthesis inhibition and of cyclic AMP on apoptosis in the developing retina. Development 122:1439-1448.
60. Shaulian E, Karin M. 2002. AP-1 as a regulator of cell life and death. Nat Cell Biol 4:E131-E136.
61. Shen-Li H, O'Hagan RC, Hou HJ, Horner JW, Lee HW, DePinho RA. 2000. Essential role for Max in early embryonic growth and development. Gene Dev 14:17-22.
62. Shichiri M, Kato H, Doi M, Marumo F, Hirata Y. 1999. Induction of Max by adrenomedullin and calcitonin gene-related peptide antagonizes endothelial apoptosis. Mol Endocrinol 13:1353-1363.
63. Stade K, Ford CS, Guthrie C, Weis K. 1997. Exportin-1 Crm-1 is an essential nuclear export factor. Cell 90:299-305.
64. Stewart SS, Appel SH. 1988. Trophic factors in neurologic disease. Annu Rev Med 39:193-201.
65. Suh Y. 2002. Cell signaling in aging and apoptosis. Mech Ageing Dev 123:881-890.
66. Toyoshima-Morimoto F, Taniguchi E, Shinya N, Iwamatsu A, Nishida E. 2001. Polo-like kinase 1 phosphorylates cyclin B1 and targets it to nucleus during prophase. Nature 410:215-220.
67. Ura S, Masuyama N, Graves JD, Gotoh Y. 2001. Caspase cleavage of MST1 promotes nuclear translocation and chromatin condensation. PNAS 98:10148-10153.
68. Wagne AJ, LeBeau MM, Diaz MO, Hay N. 1992. Expression, regulation, and chromossomal localization of the Max gene. PNAS 89:3111-3115.
69. Williams RR, Cusato K, Raven MA, Reese BE. 2001. Organization of the inner retina following early elimination of the retinal ganglion cell population, effects on cell numbers, and stratification patterns. Vis Neurosci 18:233-244.
70. Wolter KG, Hsu YT, Smith CL, Nechushtan A, Xi XG, Youle RJ. 1997. Movement of Bax from the cytosol to mitochondria during apoptosis. J Cell Biol 139:1281-1292.
71. Yang J, Winkler K, Yoshida M, Kornbluth S. 1999. Maintenance of G2 arrest in the Xenopus oocyte, a role for 14-3-3 mediated inhibition of Cdc25 nuclear import. EMBO J 18:2174-2183.
72. Yasuhara N, Eguchi Y, Tachibana T, Imamoto N, Yoneda Y, Tsujimoto Y. 1997. Essencial role of active nuclear transport in apoptosis. Genes Cells 2:55-64.
73. Young RW. 1985. Cell differentiation in the retina of the mouse. Anat Rec 212:199-205.