-
1
-
-
0005953871
-
Friction, Lubrication, and Wear Technology
-
Blau, P., Ed.; ASM International: Materials Park
-
Blau, P. In Friction, Lubrication, and Wear Technology, ASM Handbook; Blau, P., Ed.; ASM International: Materials Park, 1992; Vol. 18, p 74.
-
(1992)
ASM Handbook
, vol.18
, pp. 74
-
-
Blau, P.1
-
2
-
-
1642337548
-
-
note
-
One may even think of these two faces as the lateral and normal components of some friction force function F(θ) where θ is the angle at which two bodies or surfaces are being moved relative to each other.
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
2042493009
-
-
Yoshizawa, H.; Chen, Y.-L.; Israelachvili, J. J. Phys. Chem. 1993, 97, 4128.
-
(1993)
J. Phys. Chem.
, vol.97
, pp. 4128
-
-
Yoshizawa, H.1
Chen, Y.-L.2
Israelachvili, J.3
-
6
-
-
0003216552
-
-
Persson, B. N. J., Tosatti, E., Eds.; Kluwer Academic: Dordrecht
-
Schwartz, U.D.; Bluhm, H.; Hölsher, H.; Allers, W.; Wiesendanger, R. In Physics of sliding friction; Persson, B. N. J., Tosatti, E., Eds.; Kluwer Academic: Dordrecht, 1996; pp 369-402.
-
(1996)
Physics of Sliding Friction
, pp. 369-402
-
-
Schwartz, U.D.1
Bluhm, H.2
Hölsher, H.3
Allers, W.4
Wiesendanger, R.5
-
7
-
-
1642318213
-
-
note
-
For example, a solid block of metal cannot be sheared except by a very high shear stress, yet this is an example of two smooth surfaces in adhesive contact under no external (normal) load.
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
0003807328
-
-
Persson, B. N. J., Tosatti, E., Eds.; Kluwer Academic: Dordrecht
-
Physics of sliding friction; Persson, B. N. J., Tosatti, E., Eds.; Kluwer Academic: Dordrecht, 1996.
-
(1996)
Physics of Sliding Friction
-
-
-
10
-
-
1642300166
-
-
note
-
Analogous to the fixed, nonfluctuating average velocity of the molecules in a gas even though at any instant any particular molecular may have almost any velocity.
-
-
-
-
19
-
-
0002187528
-
-
Singer, I. L., Pollock, H. M., Eds.; Kluwer: Dordrecht
-
Greenwood, J. A. In Fundamentals of Friction: Macroscopic and Microscopic Processes; Singer, I. L., Pollock, H. M., Eds.; Kluwer: Dordrecht, 1992; pp 37-56.
-
(1992)
Fundamentals of Friction: Macroscopic and Microscopic Processes
, pp. 37-56
-
-
Greenwood, J.A.1
-
27
-
-
1642388064
-
-
note
-
A number of scientists had previously suggested equations of this form, including Coulomb.
-
-
-
-
29
-
-
0012618901
-
-
Binnig, G.; Quate, C. F.; Gerber, Ch. Phys. Rev. Lett. 1986, 56, 930.
-
(1986)
Phys. Rev. Lett.
, vol.56
, pp. 930
-
-
Binnig, G.1
Quate, C.F.2
Gerber, Ch.3
-
32
-
-
0000988187
-
-
Israelachvili, J. N.; Adams, G. E. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1978, 174, 975.
-
(1978)
J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans.
, vol.174
, pp. 975
-
-
Israelachvili, J.N.1
Adams, G.E.2
-
33
-
-
0029292717
-
-
Bhushan, B.; Israelachvili, J. N.; Landman, U. Nature 1995, 374, 607.
-
(1995)
Nature
, vol.374
, pp. 607
-
-
Bhushan, B.1
Israelachvili, J.N.2
Landman, U.3
-
38
-
-
0035817053
-
-
Gnecco, E.; Bennewitz, R.; Gyalog, T.; Meyer E. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 2001, 13, R619.
-
(2001)
J. Phys.: Condens. Matter
, vol.13
-
-
Gnecco, E.1
Bennewitz, R.2
Gyalog, T.3
Meyer, E.4
-
39
-
-
84859081156
-
-
Landman, U.; Luedtke, W. D.; Ribarsky, M. W. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. 1989, A7, 2829.
-
(1989)
J. Vac. Sci. Technol.
, vol.A7
, pp. 2829
-
-
Landman, U.1
Luedtke, W.D.2
Ribarsky, M.W.3
-
41
-
-
0000791128
-
-
Landman, U.; Luedtke, W. D.,; Burnham, N. A.; Colton, J. R. Science 1990, 248, 454.
-
(1990)
Science
, vol.248
, pp. 454
-
-
Landman, U.1
Luedtke, W.D.2
Burnham, N.A.3
Colton, J.R.4
-
42
-
-
0005435022
-
-
Singer, I. L., Pollock, H. M., Eds.; Kluwer: Dordrecht
-
Landman, U.; Luedtke, W. D.; Ringer, E. M. In Fundamentals of Friction: Macroscopic and Microscopic Processes; Singer, I. L., Pollock, H. M., Eds.; Kluwer: Dordrecht, 1992; pp 463-510.
-
(1992)
Fundamentals of Friction: Macroscopic and Microscopic Processes
, pp. 463-510
-
-
Landman, U.1
Luedtke, W.D.2
Ringer, E.M.3
-
44
-
-
0002458634
-
-
Bhushan, B., Ed.; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL
-
Robbins, M. O.; Müser, M. H. In Modern Tribology Handbook; Bhushan, B., Ed.; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, 2001; p 717.
-
(2001)
Modern Tribology Handbook
, pp. 717
-
-
Robbins, M.O.1
Müser, M.H.2
-
45
-
-
0043200788
-
-
For recent simulations and modeling pertaining to Amontons' law in the static regime, see: Müser, M. H.; Wenning, L.; Robbins, M. O. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2001, 86, 1295.
-
(2001)
Phys. Rev. Lett.
, vol.86
, pp. 1295
-
-
Müser, M.H.1
Wenning, L.2
Robbins, M.O.3
-
46
-
-
1642288768
-
-
note
-
Also called lateral force microscope, an AFM with a lateral force-measuring capability.
-
-
-
-
47
-
-
0011635987
-
-
McGuiggan, P. M.; Zhang, J.; Hsu, S. M. Tribol. Lett. 2001, 10, 217.
-
(2001)
Tribol. Lett.
, vol.10
, pp. 217
-
-
McGuiggan, P.M.1
Zhang, J.2
Hsu, S.M.3
-
48
-
-
0003282811
-
-
Bhushan, B., Ed.; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL
-
Israelachvili, J. N.; Berman, A. D. In Handbook of Micro/Nanotribology 2nd ed.; Bhushan, B., Ed.; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, 1999; pp 371-432.
-
(1999)
Handbook of Micro/Nanotribology 2nd Ed.
, pp. 371-432
-
-
Israelachvili, J.N.1
Berman, A.D.2
-
49
-
-
1642316588
-
-
note
-
All surfaces adhere, however weakly, especially in air. In the original experiments by Leonardo, Amontons, and Coulomb, the surfaces werre rough and hard so that true (adhesive) contact occurred only between a few asperities, and the resulting adhesion was far too small to have a significant or measurable effect on the friction force.
-
-
-
-
51
-
-
0042379819
-
-
Ruths, M. Langmuir 2003, 19, 6788.
-
(2003)
Langmuir
, vol.19
, pp. 6788
-
-
Ruths, M.1
-
52
-
-
0002834781
-
-
Enachescu, M.; van den Oetelaar, R. J. A.; Carpick, R. W.; Ogletree, D. F.; Flipse, C. F. J.; Salmeron, M. Tribol. Lett. 1999, 7, 73.
-
(1999)
Tribol. Lett.
, vol.7
, pp. 73
-
-
Enachescu, M.1
Van Den Oetelaar, R.J.A.2
Carpick, R.W.3
Ogletree, D.F.4
Flipse, C.F.J.5
Salmeron, M.6
-
53
-
-
0030156294
-
-
Carpick, R. W.; Agraït, N.; Ogletree, D. F.; Salmeron, M. Langmuir 1996, 12, 3334.
-
(1996)
Langmuir
, vol.12
, pp. 3334
-
-
Carpick, R.W.1
Agraït, N.2
Ogletree, D.F.3
Salmeron, M.4
-
55
-
-
0242355029
-
-
Ruths, M.; Alcantar, N. A.; Israelachvili, J. N. J. Phys. Chem. 2003, 107, 11149.
-
(2003)
J. Phys. Chem.
, vol.107
, pp. 11149
-
-
Ruths, M.1
Alcantar, N.A.2
Israelachvili, J.N.3
-
57
-
-
0000532954
-
-
Lio, A.; Morant, C.; Ogletree, D. F.; Salmeron, M. J. Phys. Chem. B 1997, 101, 4767.
-
(1997)
J. Phys. Chem. B
, vol.101
, pp. 4767
-
-
Lio, A.1
Morant, C.2
Ogletree, D.F.3
Salmeron, M.4
-
58
-
-
1642381602
-
-
note
-
We note that, while all the lengths and forces differ by many orders of magnitude, the sliding velocities used in the SFA and FFM studies were similar.
-
-
-
-
59
-
-
0042965882
-
-
Steinberg, S.; Ducker, W.; Vigil, G.; Hyukjin, C.; Frank, C.; Tseng, M. Z.; Clarke, D. R.; Israelachvili, J. N. Science 1993, 260, 656.
-
(1993)
Science
, vol.260
, pp. 656
-
-
Steinberg, S.1
Ducker, W.2
Vigil, G.3
Hyukjin, C.4
Frank, C.5
Tseng, M.Z.6
Clarke, D.R.7
Israelachvili, J.N.8
-
60
-
-
0031901316
-
-
Berman, A.; Steinberg, S.; Campbell, S.; Ulman, A.; Israelachvili, J. Tribol. Lett. 1998, 4, 43.
-
(1998)
Tribol. Lett.
, vol.4
, pp. 43
-
-
Berman, A.1
Steinberg, S.2
Campbell, S.3
Ulman, A.4
Israelachvili, J.5
-
61
-
-
0024749146
-
-
Homola, A. M.; Israelachvili, J. N.; Gee, M. L.; McGuiggan, P. M. J. Tribol. 1989, 111, 675.
-
(1989)
J. Tribol.
, vol.111
, pp. 675
-
-
Homola, A.M.1
Israelachvili, J.N.2
Gee, M.L.3
McGuiggan, P.M.4
-
62
-
-
0025158654
-
-
Homola, A. M.; Israelachvili, J. N.; McGuiggan, P. M.; Lee, M. L. Wear 1990, 136, 65.
-
(1990)
Wear
, vol.136
, pp. 65
-
-
Homola, A.M.1
Israelachvili, J.N.2
McGuiggan, P.M.3
Lee, M.L.4
-
63
-
-
0031867664
-
-
Berman, A.; Drummond, C.; Israelachvili, J. Tribol. Lett. 1998, 4, 95.
-
(1998)
Tribol. Lett.
, vol.4
, pp. 95
-
-
Berman, A.1
Drummond, C.2
Israelachvili, J.3
-
67
-
-
0142032673
-
-
Gao, J.; Luedtke, W. D.; Landman, U. J. Chem. Phys. 1997, 106, 4309.
-
(1997)
J. Chem. Phys.
, vol.106
, pp. 4309
-
-
Gao, J.1
Luedtke, W.D.2
Landman, U.3
-
68
-
-
0024304886
-
-
Adams, J. B.; Foils, S. M.; Wolfer, W. G. J. Mater. Res. 1989, 4, 102.
-
(1989)
J. Mater. Res.
, vol.4
, pp. 102
-
-
Adams, J.B.1
Foils, S.M.2
Wolfer, W.G.3
-
69
-
-
1642365273
-
-
note
-
In general, adhesive and nonadhesive refer to the two surfaces interacting across the film between them, whether air or liquid. In other words, it refers to what one would measure when pulling the two surfaces apart. Thus, when separated by a liquid film, the film molecules and film-surfaces forces could be attractive (adhesive) while the surface-surface interaction is not. In our simulations, the direct interactions between the two surfaces is much smaller than the film-surface interactions, and thus adhesiveness, or nonadhesivenes, reflects directly the nature of the interactions between the molecular film and the confining surfaces.
-
-
-
-
71
-
-
33750587438
-
-
Berendsen, H. J. C.; Postma, J. P. M.; Van Gunsteren, W. F.; Di Nola, A.; Haak, J. R. J. Chem. Phys. 1984, 81, 3684.
-
(1984)
J. Chem. Phys.
, vol.81
, pp. 3684
-
-
Berendsen, H.J.C.1
Postma, J.P.M.2
Van Gunsteren, W.F.3
Di Nola, A.4
Haak, J.R.5
-
72
-
-
0003046620
-
-
Gao, J.; Luedtke, W. D.; Landman, U. Tribol. Lett. 2000, 9, 3.
-
(2000)
Tribol. Lett.
, vol.9
, pp. 3
-
-
Gao, J.1
Luedtke, W.D.2
Landman, U.3
-
73
-
-
0005681276
-
-
He, G.; Müser, M. H.; Robbins, M. O. Science 1999, 284, 1650.
-
(1999)
Science
, vol.284
, pp. 1650
-
-
He, G.1
Müser, M.H.2
Robbins, M.O.3
-
76
-
-
1642266129
-
-
note
-
We note here that there relative shear velocity between the two solid surfaces is 1/ms = 0.01 Å/ps so that in a 6-ps interval the relative displacement of the surfaces is a mere 0.06 Å and the relative local geometry of the confining surfaces has hardly changed. Extending the time-averaging interval to larger values, e.g., 36 ps, has little or no effect on the calculated local averaged values.
-
-
-
-
79
-
-
1642269418
-
-
note
-
We comment here on certain specific differences between the conditions employed experimentally and theoretically. (i) The sliding velocity used in the simulations is several orders of magnitude faster than in the experiments. Note, however, that friction forces commonly exhibit a weak dependence (logarithmic or weaker) on the sliding velocity. (ii) The contact used in the simulations is "nominally" flat, that is, a uniform normal stress is applied, while in the SFA experiments, the surfaces are originally curved, leading to a highly nonuniform stress distribution. While the details of this stress distribution may be expected to influence the results, SFA experiments with mica and boundary-lubricated mica surfaces clearly show that a single constant shear stress appears to describe the measured friction forces when these are in the low-load, adhesion-controlled regime, i.e., when F ∞ A.
-
-
-
-
80
-
-
1642267763
-
-
note
-
The more commonly used expressins "energy dissipated" or "energy lost" are misleading since no energy is ever lost; it is only converted or transferred from one form to another or to a different location.
-
-
-
-
81
-
-
1642326287
-
-
note
-
Here the junction is the macroscopic system, composed of smaller segments or "tiles".
-
-
-
-
82
-
-
1642399313
-
-
note
-
By definition, the energy transferred (E) is equal to the product of the friction force (F) and the displacement (x), i.e., E = Fx. The rate of energy transfer is therefore given by dE/dt = F dx/dt = Fv, where v is the sliding velocity.
-
-
-
-
84
-
-
0032099183
-
-
Gao, J.; Luedtke, W. D.; Landman, U. J. Phys. Chem. B 1998, 102, 5033.
-
(1998)
J. Phys. Chem. B
, vol.102
, pp. 5033
-
-
Gao, J.1
Luedtke, W.D.2
Landman, U.3
-
86
-
-
1642383212
-
-
To be published
-
Gao, J. et al. To be published.
-
-
-
Gao, J.1
-
87
-
-
0028464787
-
-
(see Figure 21 on p 71)
-
Vigil, G.; Xu, Z.; Steinberg, S.; Israelachvili, J. N. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 194, 165, 367 (see Figure 21 on p 71).
-
(1994)
J. Colloid Interface Sci.
, vol.165
, pp. 367
-
-
Vigil, G.1
Xu, X.2
Steinberg, S.3
Israelachvili, J.N.4
-
88
-
-
0005305842
-
-
NATO Advanced Science Institute Series; Bhushan, B., Ed.; Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht
-
Israelachvili, J. N. In Fundamentals of Tribology - Bridging the gap between the macro-, micro- and nanoscales, NATO Advanced Science Institute Series; Bhushan, B., Ed.; Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht, 2001; pp 631-650.
-
(2001)
Fundamentals of Tribology - Bridging the Gap Between the Macro-, Micro- and Nanoscales
, pp. 631-650
-
-
Israelachvili, J.N.1
-
89
-
-
85085785345
-
-
note
-
-3), depending on the situation.
-
-
-
-
90
-
-
0343681011
-
-
Mate, C. M.; McClelland, G. M.; Erlandsson, R.; Chiang, S. Phys. Rev. Lett. 1987, 59, 1942.
-
(1987)
Phys. Rev. Lett.
, vol.59
, pp. 1942
-
-
Mate, C.M.1
McClelland, G.M.2
Erlandsson, R.3
Chiang, S.4
|