Modeling evidence for enhanced El Niño-Southern Oscillation amplitude during the Last Glacial Maximum

Paleoceanography

Volumn 19, Issue 4, 2004, Pages 1-11

  An, S I ^a   Timmermann, A ^a,b   Bejarano, L ^c   Jin, F F ^c   Justino, F ^b,d   Liu, Z ^e   Tudhope, A W ^f  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII   (United States)

^b GEOMAR HELMHOLTZ CENTRE FOR OCEAN RESEARCH KIEL   (Germany)

^c FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^e UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON   (United States)

^f UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Eigenmode; ENSO; Last Glacial Maximum

Indexed keywords

CLIMATE MODELING; EL NINO-SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; THERMOCLINE;

EID: 15944412890     PISSN: 08838305     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2004PA001020     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. 18O records of mid-Holocene sea surface temperatures in Peru, Science, 295, 1508-1510.
2. Battisti, D. (1988), The dynamics and thermodynamics of a warming event in a coupled tropical ocean/atmosphere model, J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 2889-2919.
3. Bjerknes, J. (1969), Atmospheric teleconnections from the equatorial Pacific, Mon. Weather Rev., 97, 163-172.
4. Bush, A. B. G., and S. G. H. Philander (1998), The role of ocean-atmosphere interactions in tropical cooling during the Last Glacial Maximum, Science, 279, 1341-1344.
5. Cobb, K. M., C. D. Charles, H. Cheng, and R. L. Edwards (2003), El Niño-Southern Oscillation and tropical Pacific climate during the last millenium, Nature, 424, 271-276.
6. Collins, M. (2000), Understanding Uncertainties in the response of ENSO to greenhouse warming, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 3509-3513.
7. Corrège, T., T. Delcroix, J. Récy, W. Beck, G. Cabioch, and F. Le Cornec (2000), Evidence for stronger El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events in a mid-Holocene massive coral, Paleoceanography, 15 465-470.
8. Fedorov, A. V., and S. G. H. Philander (2000), Is El Niño changing?, Science, 288, 1997-2002.
9. Gill, A. E. (1982), Atmosphere-Ocean Dynamics, Academic, San Diego, Calif.
10. Goosse, H., F. M. Selten, R. J. Haarsma, and J. D. Opsteegh (2002), Large sea-ice volume anomalies simulated in a coupled climate model, Climate Dyn., 10, doi:10.1007/ s0,382-002-0290-4.
11. Hewitt, C. D., A. J. Broccoli, J. F. B. Mitchell, and R. J. Stouffer (2001), A coupled model of the last glacial maximum: Was part of the North Atlantic relatively warm?, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 1571-1574.
12. Hughen, K. A., D. P. Schrag, and S. B. Jacobsen (1999), El Niño during the last interglacial period recorded by a fossil coral from Indonesia, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 3129-3132.
13. Jin, F. (1997), An equatorial ocean recharge paradigm for ENSO, part I: Conceptual model, J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 811- 829.
14. Jin, F., S. An, A. Timmermann, and J. Zhao (2003), Strong El Niño events and nonlinear dynamical heating, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30 3), 1120, doi:10.1029/2002GL016356.
15. Kang, I.-S., S.-I. An, and F.-F. Jin (2001), A systematic approximation of the sst anomaly equation for ENSO, J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn., 79, 1-10.
16. Kim, S. J., G. M. Flato, and G. J. Boer (2003), A coupled climate model simulation of the last glacial maximum, part 2: Approach to equilibrium, Clim. Dyn., 20, 635-661.
17. Kitoh, A., S. Muakami, and H. Koide (2001), A simulation of the Last Glacial Maximum with a coupled atmosphere-ocean GCM, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 2221-2224.
18. Koutavas, A., J. Lynch-Stieglitz Jr., T. M. Marchitto, and J. P. Sachs (2002), El Niño-like pattern in ice age tropical Pacific sea surface temperature, Science, 297, 226-230.
19. Lea, D. W., D. K. Pak, and H. J. Spero (2000), Climate impact of late Quaternary equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature variations, Science, 289, 1719-1724.
20. Liu, Z. (2002), A simple model study of ENSO suppression by external periodic forcing, J. Clim., 15, 3518-3522.
21. Liu, Z., S. Shin, B. Otto-Bliesner, J. E. Kutzbach, E. C. Brady, and D. Lee (2002), Tropical cooling at the Last Glacial Maximum and extratropical ocean ventilation, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29(10), 1409, doi:10.1029/2001GL013938.
22. Moy, C. M., G. O. Seltzer, D. T. Rodbell, and D. M. Anderson (2002), Variability of El Niño/Southern Oscillation activity at millenial timescales during the Holocene epoch, Nature, 420, 162-165.
23. Otto-Bliesner, B. L., E. C. Brady, S. Shin, Z. Liu, and C. Shields (2003), Modeling El Niño and its tropical teleconnections during the last glacial-interglacial cycle, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30(23), 2198, doi:10.1029/2003GL018553.
24. Peltier, W. R., and L. P. Solheim (2004), The climate of the Earth at Last Glacial Maximum: Statistical equilibrium state a mode of internal variability, Quat. Sci. Rev., 23, 335-357.
25. Rittenour, T. M., J. Brighan-Grette, and M. E. Mann (2000), El Niño-Like climate teleconnection in New England during the late Pleistocene, Science, 288, 1039-1042.
26. Rodbell, D. T., G. O. Seltzer, D. M. Anderson, M. B. Abbott, D. B. Enfield, and J. H. Newman (1999), An 15000-year record of El Niño-driven alluviation in southwestern Ecuador, Science, 283, 516-519.
27. Sandweiss, D. H., J. B. Richardson, E. J. Reitz, H. B. Rollins, and K. A. Maasch (1996), Geoarcheological evidence from Peru for a 5000 years B.P. onset of El Niño, Science, 273, 1531-1533.
28. Shin, S. I., Z. Liu, B. L. Otto Bliesner, E. C. Braday, J. E. Kutzbach, and S. P. Harrison (2003), A simulation of the Last Glacial Maximum Climate using the NCAR CSM, Clim. Dyn., 20, 127-151.
29. Timmermann, A. (2001), Changes of ENSO stability due to greenhouse warming, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 2064-2068.
30. Timmermann, A., M. Latif, A. Bacher, J. M. Oberhuber, and E. Roeckner (1999), Increased El Niño frequency in a climate model forced by future greenhouse warming, Nature, 398, 694-696.
31. Timmermann, A., F. Justino, H. Goosse, and F.-F. Jin (2004), Surface temperature control in the North and tropical Pacific during the last glacial period, Clim. Dyn., 23, 353-370.
32. Trefethen, L. N. (1999), Computation of pseudospectra, Acta Numer, 8 247-295.
33. Tudhope, A. W., C. P. Chilcott, M. T. McCulloch, E. R. Cook, J. Chappell, R. M. Ellam, D. W. Lea, J. M. Lough, and G. B. Shimmield (2001), Variability in the El Niño-Southern Oscillation through a glacial-interglacial cycle, Science, 291, 1511-1517.
34. Woodroffe, C. D., M. R. Beech, and M. K. Gagan (2003), Mid-late Holocene El Niño variability in the equatorial Pacific from coral microatolls, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30(7), 1358, doi:10.1029 /2002GL015868.
35. Zebiak, S. E., and M. A. Cane (1987), A model El Niño-Southern Oscillation, Mon. Weather Rev., 115, 2262-2278.