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note
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The former case is achieved in narrow-gap materials like InSb, where the small effective mass facilitates the acceleration and the band-gap is less than the inter-valley distances. In GaAs the critical runaway field is about 3kV/cm, i.e., it al-most coincides with the threshold field of electron transfer from the central to satellite valleys.
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18
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Hot electrons under quantization conditions. 1. Kinematics
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In the low-dimensional structures other scattering mechanisms can lead to the runaway effect, see, for example, B. K. Ridley and N. A. Zakhleniuk, "Hot electrons under quantization conditions. 1. Kinematics", J. Phys.:Condensed Matter, 8 (1996) 8525-8537; A. P. Dmitriev, V. Yu. Kachorovskii, M. S. Shur, and M. Stroscio, "Electron runaway and negative differential mobility in two-dimensional electron gas in elementary semiconductors", Solid State Commun. 113 (2000) 565-568.
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In the low-dimensional structures other scattering mechanisms can lead to the runaway effect, see, for example, B. K. Ridley and N. A. Zakhleniuk, "Hot electrons under quantization conditions. 1. Kinematics", J. Phys.:Condensed Matter, 8 (1996) 8525-8537; A. P. Dmitriev, V. Yu. Kachorovskii, M. S. Shur, and M. Stroscio, "Electron runaway and negative differential mobility in two-dimensional electron gas in elementary semiconductors", Solid State Commun. 113 (2000) 565-568.
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Applicability of an approach used in this paper for nitrides has been analyzed recently in S. M. Komirenko, K. W. Kim, M. A. Stroscio, and M. Dutta, "Applicability of the Fermi golden rule and the possibility of low-field runaway transport in nitrides", J. Phys.: Condensed Matter 13 (2001) 6233-6246, where a possibility of realization of low-field runaway in GaN and AlN has also been suggested.
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Note that in 1 μ-length GaAs diode the electron transport with sequential single-phonon emission was observed at the electric fields below the runaway threshold: T. W. Hickmott, P. M. Solomon, F. F. Fang, and F. Stern, "Sequential Single-Phonon Emission in GaAs-AlxGal-xAs Tunnel Junctions", Phys. Rev. Lett., 52 (1984) 2053-2056; see also A. E. Belyaev, S. A. Vitusevich, R. V. Konakova, T. Figielski, A. Makosa, T. Wosinski and L. N. Kravchenko, "Tunnel current oscillations in a GaAs/AlAs double-barrier heterostructure" JETP Lett., 60 (1994) 416-419.
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26
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6244298977
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Tunnel current oscillations in a GaAs/AlAs double-barrier heterostructure
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Note that in 1 μ-length GaAs diode the electron transport with sequential single-phonon emission was observed at the electric fields below the runaway threshold: T. W. Hickmott, P. M. Solomon, F. F. Fang, and F. Stern, "Sequential Single-Phonon Emission in GaAs-AlxGal-xAs Tunnel Junctions", Phys. Rev. Lett., 52 (1984) 2053-2056; see also A. E. Belyaev, S. A. Vitusevich, R. V. Konakova, T. Figielski, A. Makosa, T. Wosinski and L. N. Kravchenko, "Tunnel current oscillations in a GaAs/AlAs double-barrier heterostructure" JETP Lett., 60 (1994) 416-419.
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84941442398
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It is necessary to note that velocity oscillations with the distance, as presented in Fig. 4, could not be reproduced in the approach undertaken in Ref 12. Mainly, it is because of the averaging procedure of the Monte Carlo method in the time domain and further recalculation of the velocity as a function of the distance. General discussion of free electron flights interrupted by sudden optical phonon emission is dated back to papers by W. Shockley, Bell. Syst. Techn. J., 30 (1951) 990 and P. J. Price, IBM J. Res. Develop., 3 (1959) 191.
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84941442398
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It is necessary to note that velocity oscillations with the distance, as presented in Fig. 4, could not be reproduced in the approach undertaken in Ref 12. Mainly, it is because of the averaging procedure of the Monte Carlo method in the time domain and further recalculation of the velocity as a function of the distance. General discussion of free electron flights interrupted by sudden optical phonon emission is dated back to papers by W. Shockley, Bell. Syst. Techn. J., 30 (1951) 990 and P. J. Price, IBM J. Res. Develop., 3 (1959) 191.
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