Th1, Th2 and Th3 cytokine alteration in schizophrenia

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry

Volumn 28, Issue 7, 2004, Pages 1129-1134

  Kim, Yong Ku ^a   Myint, Aye Mu ^b,c   Lee, Bun Hee ^a   Han, Chang Su ^a   Lee, Heon Jeong ^a   Kim, Dae Jin ^d   Leonard, Brian E ^b,e  

^a Korea University College of Medicine   (South Korea)

^b MAASTRICHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ANTWERP   (Belgium)

^d The Catholic University of Korea   (South Korea)

^e NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND   (Ireland)

Author keywords

Antipsychotic; Cytokine; Interferon; Interleukin; Schizophrenia; TGF

Indexed keywords

CYTOKINE; GAMMA INTERFERON; INTERLEUKIN 4; T HELPER 3 CYTOKINE; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA1; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BLOOD LEVEL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; FEMALE; HELPER CELL; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PROTEIN FUNCTION; SCHIZOPHRENIA; TH1 CELL; TH2 CELL;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS; CYTOKINES; FEMALE; HUMANS; INTERFERON TYPE II; INTERLEUKIN-4; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; SCHIZOPHRENIA; TH1 CELLS; TH2 CELLS; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA1;

EID: 10944266569     PISSN: 02785846     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2004.05.047     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. K. Akiyama Serum levels of soluble IL-2 receptor alpha, IL-6 and IL-1 receptor antagonist in schizophrenia before and during neuroleptic administration Schizophr. Res. 37 1999 97 106
2. APA Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th ed. 1994 American Psychiatric Press Washington, DC
3. C.D. Breder, C.A. Dinarello, and C.B. Saper Interleukin-1 immunoreactive innervation of the human hypothalamus Science 240 1988 321 324
4. C.L. Cazzullo, S. Scarone, B. Grassi, C. Vismara, D. Trabattoni, and M. Clerici Cytokines production in chronic schizophrenia patients with or without paranoid behaviour Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry 22 1998 947 957
5. C.L. Cazzullo, E. Sacchetti, A. Galluzzo, A. Panariello, F. Colombo, A. Zagliani, and M. Clerici Cytokine profiles in drug-naive schizophrenic patients Schizophr. Res. 47 2001 293 298
6. L.E. DeLisi Is there a viral or immune dysfunction etiology to schizophrenia? Re-evaluation a decade later Schizophr. Res. 22 1996 1 4
7. M. Dvorakova, P. Zvolsky, and P. Herzog Endogenous psychoses and T and B lymphocytes Folia Haematol. Int. Mag. Klin. Morphol. Blutforsch 107 1980 221 228
8. M. First, R.L. Spitzer, M. Gibbon, and J.B. William Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorder-Patient Edition (SCID-I/P, version 2.0) 1998 Biometrics Research Department, New York State Psychiatric Institute New York
9. U.H. Frommberger, J. Bauer, P. Haselbauer, A. Fraulin, D. Riemann, and M. Berger Interleukin-6- (IL-6) plasma levels in depression and schizophrenia: comparison between the acute state and after remission Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 247 1997 228 233
10. R. Ganguli, B.S. Rabin, and S.H. Belle Decreased interleukin-2 production in schizophrenic patients Biol. Psychiatry 26 1989 427 430
11. R. Ganguli, J.S. Brar, W. Solomon, K.N. Chengappa, and B.S. Rabin Altered interleukin-2 production in schizophrenia: association between clinical state and autoantibody production Psychiatry Res. 44 1992 113 123
12. R. Ganguli, Z. Yang, G. Shurin, K.N. Chengappa, J.S. Brar, A.V. Gubbi, and B.S. Rabin Serum interleukin-6 concentration in schizophrenia: elevation associated with duration of illness Psychiatry Res. 51 1994 1 10
13. W.F. Gattaz, P. Dalgalarrondo, and H.C. Schroder Abnormalities in serum concentrations of interleukin-2, interferon-alpha and interferon-gamma in schizophrenia not detected Schizophr. Res. 6 1992 237 241
14. M. Hornberg, V. Arolt, I. Wilke, A. Kruse, and H. Kirchner Production of interferons and lymphokines in leukocyte cultures of patients with schizophrenia Schizophr. Res. 15 1995 237 242
15. Y.K. Kim, M.S. Lee, and K.Y. Suh Decreased interleukin-2 production in Korean schizophrenic patients Biol. Psychiatry 43 1998 701 704
16. Y.K. Kim, L. Kim, and M.S. Lee Relationships between interleukins, neurotransmitters and psychopathology in drug-free male schizophrenics Schizophr. Res. 44 2000 165 175
17. Y.K. Kim, I.B. Suh, H. Kim, C.S. Han, C.S. Lim, S.M. Choi, and J. Licinio The plasma levels of interleukin-12 in schizophrenia, major depression, and bipolar mania: effects of psychotropic drugs Mol. Psychiatry 7 2002 1107 1114
18. I. Leykin, R. Mayer, and M. Shinitzky Short and long-term immunosuppressive effects of clozapine and haloperidol Immunopharmacology 37 1997 75 86
19. A. Lin, G. Kenis, S. Bignotti, G.J. Tura, R. De Jong, E. Bosmans, R. Pioli, C. Altamura, S. Scharpe, and M. Maes The inflammatory response system in treatment-resistant schizophrenia: increased serum interleukin-6 Schizophr. Res. 32 1998 9 15
20. M. Maes, H.Y. Meltzer, and E. Bosmans Immune-inflammatory markers in schizophrenia-comparison to normal controls and effects of clozapine Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 89 1994 346 351
21. M. Maes, E. Bosmans, J. Calabrese, R. Smith, and H.Y. Meltzer Interleukin-2 and interleukin-6 in schizophrenia and mania: effects of neuroleptics and mood stabilizers J. Psychiatr. Res. 29 1995 141 152
22. M. Maes, E. Bosmans, R. Ranjan, E. Vandoolaeghe, H.Y. Meltzer, M. De Ley, R. Berghmans, G. Stans, and R. Desnyder Lower plasma CC16, a natural anti-inflammatory protein, and increased plasma interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in schizophrenia: effects of antipsychotic drugs Schizophr. Res. 21 1996 39 50
23. M. Maes, E. Bosmans, G. Kenis, R. De Jong, R.S. Smith, and H.Y. Meltzer In vivo immunomodulatory effects of clozapine in schizophrenia Schizophr. Res. 26 1997 221 225
24. M. Maes, L. Bocchio Chiavetto, S. Bignotti, G. Battisa Tura, R. Pioli, F. Boin, G. Kenis, E. Bosmans, R. de Jongh, A. Lin, G. Racagni, and C.A. Altamura Effects of atypical antipsychotics on the inflammatory response system in schizophrenic patients resistant to treatment with typical neuroleptics Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 10 2000 119 124
25. M. Maes, L. Bocchio Chiavetto, S. Bignotti, G.J. Battisa Tura, R. Pioli, F. Boin, G. Kenis, E. Bosmans, R. de Jongh, and C.A. Altamura Increased serum interleukin-8 and interleukin-10 in schizophrenic patients resistant to treatment with neuroleptics and the stimulatory effects of clozapine on serum leukemia inhibitory factor receptor Schizophr. Res. 54 2002 281 291
26. B.B. Mittleman, F.X. Castellanos, L.K. Jacobsen, J.L. Rapoport, S.E. Swedo, and G.M. Shearer Cerebrospinal fluid cytokines in pediatric neuropsychiatric disease J. Immunol. 159 1997 2994 2999
27. K. Miyazono, K. Yuki, F. Takaku, C. Wernstedt, T. Kanzaki, A. Olofsson, U. Hellman, and C.H. Heldin Latent forms of TGF-beta: structure and biology Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 593 1990 51 58
28. N. Muller, M. Ackenheil, R. Eckstein, E. Hofschuster, and W. Mempel Reduced suppressor cell function in psychiatric patients Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 496 1987 686 690
29. N. Muller, M. Riedel, M. Ackenheil, and M.J. Schwarz The role of immune function in schizophrenia: an overview Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 249 Suppl. 4 1999 62 68
30. N.A. Munn Microglia dysfunction in schizophrenia: an integrative theory Med. Hypotheses 54 2000 198 202
31. J. Naudin, J.L. Mege, J.M. Azorin, and D. Dassa Elevated circulating levels of IL-6 in schizophrenia Schizophr. Res. 20 1996 269 273
32. J. Naudin, C. Capo, B. Giusano, J.L. Mege, and J.M. Azorin A differential role for interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in schizophrenia? Schizophr. Res. 26 1997 227 233
33. H.V. Nikkila, K. Muller, A. Ahokas, K. Miettinen, R. Rimon, and L.C. Andersson Accumulation of macrophages in the CSF of schizophrenic patients during acute psychotic episodes Am. J. Psychiatr. 156 1999 1725 1729
34. M.C. O'Donnell, S.V. Catts, P.B. Ward, B. Liebert, A. Lloyd, D. Wakefield, and N. McConaghy Increased production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) but not soluble interleukin-2 receptors (sIL-2R) in unmedicated patients with schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder Psychiatry Res. 65 1996 171 178
35. J.E. Overall, and D.R. Gorham The brief psychiatric rating scale Psychol. Rep. 10 1962 799 812
36. T. Pollmacher, D. Hinze-Selch, and J. Mullington Effects of clozapine on plasma cytokine and soluble cytokine receptor levels J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 16 1996 403 409
37. G.J. Prud'homme, and C.A. Piccirillo The inhibitory effects of transforming growth factor-beta-1 (TGF-beta1) in autoimmune diseases J. Autoimmun. 14 2000 23 42
38. M. Rothermundt, V. Arolt, C. Weitzsch, D. Eckhoff, and H. Kirchner Production of cytokines in acute schizophrenic psychosis Biol. Psychiatry 40 1996 1294 1297
39. M. Rothermundt, V. Arolt, C. Weitzsch, D. Eckhoff, and H. Kirchner Immunological dysfunction in schizophrenia: a systematic approach Neuropsychobiology 37 1998 186 193
40. E. Schmitt, P. Hoehn, C. Huels, S. Goedert, N. Palm, E. Rude, and T. Germann T helper type 1 development of naive CD4+ T cells requires the coordinate action of interleukin-12 and interferon-gamma and is inhibited by transforming growth factor-beta Eur. J. Immunol. 24 1994 793 798
41. M.J. Schwarz, N. Muller, M. Riedel, and M. Ackenheil The Th2-hypothesis of schizophrenia: a strategy to identify a subgroup of schizophrenia caused by immune mechanisms Med. Hypotheses 56 2001 483 486
42. C. Song, A. Lin, G. Kenis, E. Bosmans, and M. Maes Immunosuppressive effects of clozapine and haloperidol: enhanced production of the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist Schizophr. Res. 42 2000 157 164
43. S. Theodoropoulou, G. Spanakos, C.N. Baxevanis, M. Economou, A.D. Gritzapis, M.P. Papamichail, and C.N. Stefanis Cytokine serum levels, autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction and surface marker analysis in never medicated and chronically medicated schizophrenic patients Schizophr. Res. 47 2001 13 25
44. M.P. Vawter, O. Dillon-Carter, W.W. Tourtellotte, P. Carvey, and W.J. Freed TGFbeta1 and TGFbeta2 concentrations are elevated in Parkinson's disease in ventricular cerebrospinal fluid Exp. Neurol. 142 1996 313 322
45. F. Villemain, L. Chatenoud, E. Guillibert, Y. Pelicier, and J.F. Bach Decreased production of interleukin-2 in schizophrenia Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 496 1987 669 675
46. I. Wilke, V. Arolt, M. Rothermundt, C. Weitzsch, M. Hornberg, and H. Kirchner Investigations of cytokine production in whole blood cultures of paranoid and residual schizophrenic patients Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 246 1996 279 284