메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 47, Issue 10, 2003, Pages 3222-3232

Mutation rate and evolution of fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from patients with urinary tract infections

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; BACTERIAL DNA; CARRIER PROTEIN; CHLORAMPHENICOL; CIPROFLOXACIN; DNA TOPOISOMERASE (ATP HYDROLYSING); MECILLINAM; NALIDIXIC ACID; NORFLOXACIN; QUINOLINE DERIVED ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; QUINOLONE DERIVATIVE; TETRACYCLINE; TRIMETHOPRIM;

EID: 0141924871     PISSN: 00664804     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.47.10.3222-3232.2003     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (289)

References (65)
  • 1
    • 0030602858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homologous recombination between the tuf genes of Salmonella typhimurium
    • Abdulkarim, F., and D. Hughes. 1996. Homologous recombination between the tuf genes of Salmonella typhimurium. J. Mol. Biol. 260:506-522.
    • (1996) J. Mol. Biol. , vol.260 , pp. 506-522
    • Abdulkarim, F.1    Hughes, D.2
  • 2
    • 0032844440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mar regulon: Multiple resistance to antibiotics and other toxic chemicals
    • Alekshun, M. N., and S. B. Levy. 1999. The mar regulon: multiple resistance to antibiotics and other toxic chemicals. Trends Microbiol. 7:410-413.
    • (1999) Trends Microbiol. , vol.7 , pp. 410-413
    • Alekshun, M.N.1    Levy, S.B.2
  • 3
    • 0000148162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of chromosomally mediated multiple antibiotic resistance: The mar regulon
    • Alekshun, M. N., and S. B. Levy. 1997. Regulation of chromosomally mediated multiple antibiotic resistance: the mar regulon. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 41:2067-2075.
    • (1997) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.41 , pp. 2067-2075
    • Alekshun, M.N.1    Levy, S.B.2
  • 4
    • 85007772274 scopus 로고
    • A close correlation between improvement of organic solvent tolerance levels and alteration of resistance toward low levels of multiple antibiotics in Escherichia coli
    • Aono, R., M. Kobayashi, H. Nakajima, and H. Kobayashi. 1995. A close correlation between improvement of organic solvent tolerance levels and alteration of resistance toward low levels of multiple antibiotics in Escherichia coli. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 59:213-218.
    • (1995) Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. , vol.59 , pp. 213-218
    • Aono, R.1    Kobayashi, M.2    Nakajima, H.3    Kobayashi, H.4
  • 5
    • 0031003863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organic solvent tolerance and antibiotic resistance increased by overexpression of marA in Escherichia coli
    • Asako, H., H. Nakajima, K. Kobayashi, M. Kobayashi, and R. Aono. 1997. Organic solvent tolerance and antibiotic resistance increased by overexpression of marA in Escherichia coli. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63:1428-1433.
    • (1997) Appl. Environ. Microbiol. , vol.63 , pp. 1428-1433
    • Asako, H.1    Nakajima, H.2    Kobayashi, K.3    Kobayashi, M.4    Aono, R.5
  • 6
    • 0032414521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the mutations involved in fluoroquinolone resistance of in vivo and in vitro mutants of Escherichia coli
    • Bachoual, R., J. Tankovic, and C. J. Soussy. 1998. Analysis of the mutations involved in fluoroquinolone resistance of in vivo and in vitro mutants of Escherichia coli. Microb. Drug Resist. 4:271-276.
    • (1998) Microb. Drug Resist. , vol.4 , pp. 271-276
    • Bachoual, R.1    Tankovic, J.2    Soussy, C.J.3
  • 7
    • 0038778612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse drug reactions: Implications for the development of fluoroquinolones
    • Ball, P. 2003. Adverse drug reactions: implications for the development of fluoroquinolones. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 51(Suppl. 1):21-27.
    • (2003) J. Antimicrob. Chemother. , vol.51 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 21-27
    • Ball, P.1
  • 8
    • 0033806581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloning and nucleotide sequence of the DNA gyrase (gyrA) gene from Mycoplasma hominis and characterization of quinolone-resistant mutants selected in vitro with trovafloxacin
    • Bebear, C. M., O. Grau, A. Charron, H. Renaudin, D. Gruson, and C. Bebear. 2000. Cloning and nucleotide sequence of the DNA gyrase (gyrA) gene from Mycoplasma hominis and characterization of quinolone-resistant mutants selected in vitro with trovafloxacin. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 44:2719-2727.
    • (2000) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.44 , pp. 2719-2727
    • Bebear, C.M.1    Grau, O.2    Charron, A.3    Renaudin, H.4    Gruson, D.5    Bebear, C.6
  • 10
    • 0031020730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quinolone resistance locus nfxD of Escherichia coli is a mutant allele of the parE gene encoding a subunit of topoisomerase IV
    • Breines, D. M., S. Ouabdesselam, E. Y. Ng, J. Tankovic, S. Shah, C. J. Soussy, and D. C. Hooper. 1997. Quinolone resistance locus nfxD of Escherichia coli is a mutant allele of the parE gene encoding a subunit of topoisomerase IV. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 41:175-179.
    • (1997) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.41 , pp. 175-179
    • Breines, D.M.1    Ouabdesselam, S.2    Ng, E.Y.3    Tankovic, J.4    Shah, S.5    Soussy, C.J.6    Hooper, D.C.7
  • 11
    • 0033775633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid and simple determination of the Escherichia coli phylogenetic group
    • Clermont, O., S. Bonacorsi, and E. Bingen. 2000. Rapid and simple determination of the Escherichia coli phylogenetic group. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66:4555-4558.
    • (2000) Appl. Environ. Microbiol. , vol.66 , pp. 4555-4558
    • Clermont, O.1    Bonacorsi, S.2    Bingen, E.3
  • 12
    • 0024235788 scopus 로고
    • marA locus causes decreased expression of OmpF porin in multiple-antibiotic-resistant (Mar) mutants of Escherichia coli
    • Cohen, S. P., L. M. McMurry, and S. B. Levy. 1988. marA locus causes decreased expression of OmpF porin in multiple-antibiotic-resistant (Mar) mutants of Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 170:5416-5422.
    • (1988) J. Bacteriol. , vol.170 , pp. 5416-5422
    • Cohen, S.P.1    McMurry, L.M.2    Levy, S.B.3
  • 14
    • 10144242639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contributions of individual mechanisms to fluoroquinolone resistance in 36 Escherichia coli strains isolated from humans and animals
    • Everett, M. J., Y. F. Jin, V. Ricci, and L. J. Piddock. 1996. Contributions of individual mechanisms to fluoroquinolone resistance in 36 Escherichia coli strains isolated from humans and animals. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 40:2380-2386.
    • (1996) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.40 , pp. 2380-2386
    • Everett, M.J.1    Jin, Y.F.2    Ricci, V.3    Piddock, L.J.4
  • 15
    • 0031982852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutations in topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase of Staphylococcus aureus: Novel pleiotropic effects on quinolone and coumarin activity
    • Fournier, B., and D. C. Hooper. 1998. Mutations in topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase of Staphylococcus aureus: novel pleiotropic effects on quinolone and coumarin activity. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 42:121-128.
    • (1998) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.42 , pp. 121-128
    • Fournier, B.1    Hooper, D.C.2
  • 16
    • 0034925137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutation in the DNA gyrase A gene of Escherichia coli that expands the quinolone resistance-determining region
    • Friedman, S. M., T. Lu, and K. Drlica. 2001. Mutation in the DNA gyrase A gene of Escherichia coli that expands the quinolone resistance-determining region. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 45:2378-2380.
    • (2001) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.45 , pp. 2378-2380
    • Friedman, S.M.1    Lu, T.2    Drlica, K.3
  • 18
    • 0035970874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Costs and benefits of high mutation rates: Adaptive evolution of bacteria in the mouse gut
    • Giraud, A., I. Matic, O. Tenaillon, A. Clara, M. Radman, M. Fons, and F. Taddei. 2001. Costs and benefits of high mutation rates: adaptive evolution of bacteria in the mouse gut. Science 291:2606-2608.
    • (2001) Science , vol.291 , pp. 2606-2608
    • Giraud, A.1    Matic, I.2    Tenaillon, O.3    Clara, A.4    Radman, M.5    Fons, M.6    Taddei, F.7
  • 21
    • 0032840206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activities of trovafloxacin compared with those of other fluoroquinolones against purified topoisomerases and gyrA and grlA mutants of Staphylococcus aureus
    • Gootz, T. D., R. P. Zaniewski, S. L. Haskell, F. S. Kaczmarek, and A. E. Maurice. 1999. Activities of trovafloxacin compared with those of other fluoroquinolones against purified topoisomerases and gyrA and grlA mutants of Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 43:1845-1855.
    • (1999) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.43 , pp. 1845-1855
    • Gootz, T.D.1    Zaniewski, R.P.2    Haskell, S.L.3    Kaczmarek, F.S.4    Maurice, A.E.5
  • 23
    • 0029986580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic evidence for a role of parC mutations in development of high-level fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli
    • Heisig, P. 1996. Genetic evidence for a role of parC mutations in development of high-level fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 40:879-885.
    • (1996) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.40 , pp. 879-885
    • Heisig, P.1
  • 24
    • 0028333874 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of fluoroquinolone-resistant mutants of Escherichia coli selected in vitro
    • Heisig, P., and R. Tschorny. 1994. Characterization of fluoroquinolone-resistant mutants of Escherichia coli selected in vitro. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 38:1284-1291.
    • (1994) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.38 , pp. 1284-1291
    • Heisig, P.1    Tschorny, R.2
  • 25
    • 0033081949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of fluoroquinolone resistance
    • Hooper, D. C. 1999. Mechanisms of fluoroquinolone resistance. Drug Resist. Update 2:38-55.
    • (1999) Drug Resist. Update , vol.2 , pp. 38-55
    • Hooper, D.C.1
  • 26
    • 0026735107 scopus 로고
    • Genetics and regulation of outer membrane protein expression by quinolone resistance loci nfxB, nfxC, and cfxB
    • Hooper, D. C., J. S. Wolfson, M. A. Bozza, and E. Y. Ng. 1992. Genetics and regulation of outer membrane protein expression by quinolone resistance loci nfxB, nfxC, and cfxB. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 36:1151-1154.
    • (1992) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.36 , pp. 1151-1154
    • Hooper, D.C.1    Wolfson, J.S.2    Bozza, M.A.3    Ng, E.Y.4
  • 27
    • 0033824884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis of urinary tract infections: An update
    • Hooton, T. M. 2000. Pathogenesis of urinary tract infections: an update. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 46(Suppl. 1):1-7.
    • (2000) J. Antimicrob. Chemother. , vol.46 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 1-7
    • Hooton, T.M.1
  • 29
    • 0023026161 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of production of type 1 pili among urinary tract isolates of Escherichia coli
    • Hultgren, S. J., W. R. Schwan, A. J. Schaeffer, and J. L. Duncan. 1986. Regulation of production of type 1 pili among urinary tract isolates of Escherichia coli. Infect. Immun. 54:613-620.
    • (1986) Infect. Immun. , vol.54 , pp. 613-620
    • Hultgren, S.J.1    Schwan, W.R.2    Schaeffer, A.J.3    Duncan, J.L.4
  • 31
    • 0035028431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced expression of the multidrug efflux pumps AcrAB and AcrEF associated with insertion element transposition in Escherichia coli mutants selected with a fluoroquinolone
    • Jellen-Ritter, A. S., and W. V. Kern. 2001. Enhanced expression of the multidrug efflux pumps AcrAB and AcrEF associated with insertion element transposition in Escherichia coli mutants selected with a fluoroquinolone. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 45:1467-1472.
    • (2001) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.45 , pp. 1467-1472
    • Jellen-Ritter, A.S.1    Kern, W.V.2
  • 32
    • 0023749808 scopus 로고
    • Mapping and sequencing of mutations in the Escherichia coli rpoB gene that lead to rifampicin resistance
    • Jin, D. J., and C. A. Gross. 1988. Mapping and sequencing of mutations in the Escherichia coli rpoB gene that lead to rifampicin resistance. J. Mol. Biol. 202:45-58.
    • (1988) J. Mol. Biol. , vol.202 , pp. 45-58
    • Jin, D.J.1    Gross, C.A.2
  • 33
    • 0033829068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ECO.SENS Project: A prospective, multinational, multicentre epidemiological survey of the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of urinary tract pathogens - Interim report
    • Kahlmeter, G. 2000. The ECO.SENS Project: a prospective, multinational, multicentre epidemiological survey of the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of urinary tract pathogens - interim report. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 46(Suppl. 1):15-22.
    • (2000) J. Antimicrob. Chemother. , vol.46 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 15-22
    • Kahlmeter, G.1
  • 34
    • 0037260436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An international survey of the antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogens from uncomplicated urinary tract infections: The ECO.SENS Project
    • Kahlmeter, G. 2003. An international survey of the antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogens from uncomplicated urinary tract infections: the ECO.SENS Project. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 51:69-76.
    • (2003) J. Antimicrob. Chemother. , vol.51 , pp. 69-76
    • Kahlmeter, G.1
  • 35
    • 0034102916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-target gene mutations in the development of fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli
    • Kern, W. V., M. Oethinger, A. S. Jellen-Ritter, and S. B. Levy. 2000. Non-target gene mutations in the development of fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 44:814-820.
    • (2000) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.44 , pp. 814-820
    • Kern, W.V.1    Oethinger, M.2    Jellen-Ritter, A.S.3    Levy, S.B.4
  • 38
    • 0029860724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High mutation frequencies among Escherichia coli and Salmonella pathogens
    • LeClerc, J. E., B. Li, W. L. Payne, and T. A. Cebula. 1996. High mutation frequencies among Escherichia coli and Salmonella pathogens. Science 274:1208-1211.
    • (1996) Science , vol.274 , pp. 1208-1211
    • LeClerc, J.E.1    Li, B.2    Payne, W.L.3    Cebula, T.A.4
  • 39
    • 0033921636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo increase in resistance to ciprofloxacin in Escherichia coli associated with deletion of the C-terminal part of MarR
    • Linde, H. J., F. Notka, M. Metz, B. Kochanowski, P. Heisig, and N. Lehn. 2000. In vivo increase in resistance to ciprofloxacin in Escherichia coli associated with deletion of the C-terminal part of MarR. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 44:1865-1868.
    • (2000) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.44 , pp. 1865-1868
    • Linde, H.J.1    Notka, F.2    Metz, M.3    Kochanowski, B.4    Heisig, P.5    Lehn, N.6
  • 40
    • 0001641514 scopus 로고
    • Mutations of bacteria from virus sensitivity to virus resistance
    • Luria, S. E., and M. Delbrück. 1943. Mutations of bacteria from virus sensitivity to virus resistance. Genetics 28:491-511.
    • (1943) Genetics , vol.28 , pp. 491-511
    • Luria, S.E.1    Delbrück, M.2
  • 41
    • 0030004341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification for mar mutants among quinolone-resistant clinical isolates of Escherichia coli
    • Maneewannakul, K., and S. B. Levy. 1996. Identification for mar mutants among quinolone-resistant clinical isolates of Escherichia coli. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 40:1695-1698.
    • (1996) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.40 , pp. 1695-1698
    • Maneewannakul, K.1    Levy, S.B.2
  • 42
    • 0030004590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autoactivation of the marRAB multiple antibiotic resistance operon by the MarA transcriptional activator in Escherichia coli
    • Martin, R. G., K. W. Jair, R. E. Wolf, Jr., and J. L. Rosner. 1996. Autoactivation of the marRAB multiple antibiotic resistance operon by the MarA transcriptional activator in Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 178:2216-2223.
    • (1996) J. Bacteriol. , vol.178 , pp. 2216-2223
    • Martin, R.G.1    Jair, K.W.2    Wolf R.E., Jr.3    Rosner, J.L.4
  • 43
    • 0032515790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quinolone resistance from a transferable plasmid
    • Martinez-Martinez, L., A. Pascual, and G. A. Jacoby. 1998. Quinolone resistance from a transferable plasmid. Lancet 351:797-799.
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.351 , pp. 797-799
    • Martinez-Martinez, L.1    Pascual, A.2    Jacoby, G.A.3
  • 45
    • 0033833441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survey on antibiotic usage in the treatment of urinary tract infections
    • Naber, K. G. 2000. Survey on antibiotic usage in the treatment of urinary tract infections. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 46(Suppl. 1):49-52.
    • (2000) J. Antimicrob. Chemother. , vol.46 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 49-52
    • Naber, K.G.1
  • 46
    • 0033833749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment options for acute uncomplicated cystitis in adults
    • Naber, K. G. 2000. Treatment options for acute uncomplicated cystitis in adults. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 46(Suppl. 1):23-27.
    • (2000) J. Antimicrob. Chemother. , vol.46 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 23-27
    • Naber, K.G.1
  • 47
    • 0031908368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of organic solvent tolerance and fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli
    • Oethinger, M., W. V. Kern, J. D. Goldman, and S. B. Levy. 1998. Association of organic solvent tolerance and fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 41:111-114.
    • (1998) J. Antimicrob. Chemother. , vol.41 , pp. 111-114
    • Oethinger, M.1    Kern, W.V.2    Goldman, J.D.3    Levy, S.B.4
  • 48
    • 0031903258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overexpression of the marA or soxS regulatory gene in clinical topoisomerase mutants of Escherichia coli
    • Oethinger, M., I. Podglajen, W. V. Kern, and S. B. Levy. 1998. Overexpression of the marA or soxS regulatory gene in clinical topoisomerase mutants of Escherichia coli. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 42:2089-2094.
    • (1998) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.42 , pp. 2089-2094
    • Oethinger, M.1    Podglajen, I.2    Kern, W.V.3    Levy, S.B.4
  • 49
    • 0030029513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AcrAB efflux pump plays a major role in the antibiotic resistance phenotype of Escherichia coli multiple-antibiotic-resistance (Mar) mutants
    • Okusu, H., D. Ma, and H. Nikaido. 1996. AcrAB efflux pump plays a major role in the antibiotic resistance phenotype of Escherichia coli multiple-antibiotic-resistance (Mar) mutants. J. Bacteriol. 178:306-308.
    • (1996) J. Bacteriol. , vol.178 , pp. 306-308
    • Okusu, H.1    Ma, D.2    Nikaido, H.3
  • 50
    • 0034685940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High frequency of hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis lung infection
    • Oliver, A., R. Canton, P. Campo, F. Baquero, and J. Blazquez. 2000. High frequency of hypermutable Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis lung infection. Science 288:1251-1254.
    • (2000) Science , vol.288 , pp. 1251-1254
    • Oliver, A.1    Canton, R.2    Campo, P.3    Baquero, F.4    Blazquez, J.5
  • 51
    • 0031784975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV are dual targets of clinafloxacin action in Streptococcuspneumoniae
    • Pan, X. S., and L. M. Fisher. 1998. DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV are dual targets of clinafloxacin action in Streptococcuspneumoniae. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 42:2810-2816.
    • (1998) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.42 , pp. 2810-2816
    • Pan, X.S.1    Fisher, L.M.2
  • 52
    • 0032465685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular analysis of fluoroquinolone-resistance in Escherichia coli on the aspect of gyrase and multiple antibiotic resistance (mar) genes
    • Park, Y. H., J. H. Yoo, D. H. Huh, Y. K. Cho, J. H. Choi, and W. S. Shin. 1998. Molecular analysis of fluoroquinolone-resistance in Escherichia coli on the aspect of gyrase and multiple antibiotic resistance (mar) genes. Yonsei Med. J. 39:534-540.
    • (1998) Yonsei Med. J. , vol.39 , pp. 534-540
    • Park, Y.H.1    Yoo, J.H.2    Huh, D.H.3    Cho, Y.K.4    Choi, J.H.5    Shin, W.S.6
  • 53
    • 0030956604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of a mutation in the parE gene that confers fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae
    • Perichon, B., J. Tankovic, and P. Courvalin. 1997. Characterization of a mutation in the parE gene that confers fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 41:1166-1167.
    • (1997) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.41 , pp. 1166-1167
    • Perichon, B.1    Tankovic, J.2    Courvalin, P.3
  • 58
    • 0034680167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanisms that confer antibacterial drug resistance
    • Walsh, C. 2000. Molecular mechanisms that confer antibacterial drug resistance. Nature 406:775-781.
    • (2000) Nature , vol.406 , pp. 775-781
    • Walsh, C.1
  • 59
    • 0035038579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic characterization of highly fluoroquinolone-resistant clinical Escherichia coli strains from China: Role of acrR mutations
    • Wang, H., J. L. Dzink-Fox, M. Chen, and S. B. Levy. 2001. Genetic characterization of highly fluoroquinolone-resistant clinical Escherichia coli strains from China: role of acrR mutations. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 45:1515-1521.
    • (2001) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.45 , pp. 1515-1521
    • Wang, H.1    Dzink-Fox, J.L.2    Chen, M.3    Levy, S.B.4
  • 60
    • 0035032566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absence of mutations in marRAB or soxRS in acrB-overexpressing fluoroquinolone-resistant clinical and veterinary isolates of Escherichia coli
    • Webber, M. A., and L. J. Piddock. 2001. Absence of mutations in marRAB or soxRS in acrB-overexpressing fluoroquinolone-resistant clinical and veterinary isolates of Escherichia coli. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 45:1550-1552.
    • (2001) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.45 , pp. 1550-1552
    • Webber, M.A.1    Piddock, L.J.2
  • 61
    • 0030983818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of the acrAB locus in organic solvent tolerance mediated by expression of marA, soxS, or roba in Escherichia coli
    • White, D. G., J. D. Goldman, B. Demple, and S. B. Levy. 1997. Role of the acrAB locus in organic solvent tolerance mediated by expression of marA, soxS, or roba in Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 179:6122-6126.
    • (1997) J. Bacteriol. , vol.179 , pp. 6122-6126
    • White, D.G.1    Goldman, J.D.2    Demple, B.3    Levy, S.B.4
  • 62
    • 0023005632 scopus 로고
    • Nalidixic acid-resistant mutations of the gyrB gene of Escherichia coli
    • Yamagishi, J., H. Yoshida, M. Yamayoshi, and S. Nakamura. 1986. Nalidixic acid-resistant mutations of the gyrB gene of Escherichia coli. Mol. Gen. Genet. 204:367-373.
    • (1986) Mol. Gen. Genet. , vol.204 , pp. 367-373
    • Yamagishi, J.1    Yoshida, H.2    Yamayoshi, M.3    Nakamura, S.4
  • 63
    • 0037342874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relative contributions of the AcrAB, MdfA and NorE efflux pumps to quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli
    • Yang, S., S. R. Clayton, and E. L. Zechiedrich. 2003. Relative contributions of the AcrAB, MdfA and NorE efflux pumps to quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 51:545-556.
    • (2003) J. Antimicrob. Chemother. , vol.51 , pp. 545-556
    • Yang, S.1    Clayton, S.R.2    Zechiedrich, E.L.3
  • 64
    • 0025282176 scopus 로고
    • Quinolone resistance-determining region in the DNA gyrase gyrA gene of Escherichia coli
    • Yoshida, H., M. Bogaki, M. Nakamura, and S. Nakamura. 1990. Quinolone resistance-determining region in the DNA gyrase gyrA gene of Escherichia coli. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 34:1271-1272.
    • (1990) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.34 , pp. 1271-1272
    • Yoshida, H.1    Bogaki, M.2    Nakamura, M.3    Nakamura, S.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.