메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 17, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 339-354

Estrogens, homocysteine, vasodilatation and menopause: Basic mechanisms, interactions and clinical implications

Author keywords

Estrogen; Homocysteine; Interaction; Mechanisms; Vasodilatation

Indexed keywords

ANTIOXIDANT; CALCIUM ION; CONJUGATED ESTROGEN; CYANOCOBALAMIN; DYDROGESTERONE; ESTRADIOL; ESTROGEN RECEPTOR; GESTAGEN; HOMOCYSTEINE; MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE; NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE; ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE AGENT; PLACEBO; POTASSIUM; POTASSIUM CHANNEL; RALOXIFENE; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE; REDUCED NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHATE;

EID: 0042833283     PISSN: 09513590     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/gye.17.4.339.354     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (14)

References (166)
  • 1
    • 0030983708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality by cause for eight regions of the world: Global Burden of Disease Study
    • Murray CJ, Lopez AD. Mortality by cause for eight regions of the world: Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet 1997;349:1269-76
    • (1997) Lancet , vol.349 , pp. 1269-1276
    • Murray, C.J.1    Lopez, A.D.2
  • 2
    • 0033537343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lifetime risk of developing coronary heart disease
    • Lloyd-Jones DM, Larson MG, Beiser A, et al. Lifetime risk of developing coronary heart disease. Lancet 1999;353:89-92
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 89-92
    • Lloyd-Jones, D.M.1    Larson, M.G.2    Beiser, A.3
  • 3
    • 0027217784 scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular health and disease in women
    • Wenger NK, Speroff L, Packard B. Cardiovascular health and disease in women. N Engl J Med 1993;329:247-56
    • (1993) N Engl J Med , vol.329 , pp. 247-256
    • Wenger, N.K.1    Speroff, L.2    Packard, B.3
  • 4
    • 0029866755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age at menopause as a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality
    • Van der Schouw YT, van der Graaf Y, Teyerberg EW, et al. Age at menopause as a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality. Lancet 1996;347:714-18
    • (1996) Lancet , vol.347 , pp. 714-718
    • Van Der Schouw, Y.T.1    Van Der Graaf, Y.2    Teyerberg, E.W.3
  • 5
    • 0037084188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormones, genetic factors, and gender differences in cardiovascular disease
    • Rossouw JE. Hormones, genetic factors, and gender differences in cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Res 2002;53:550-7
    • (2002) Cardiovasc Res , vol.53 , pp. 550-557
    • Rossouw, J.E.1
  • 6
    • 0034046281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular disease risk and hormone replacement therapy (hrt): A review based on randomised, controlled studies in postmenopausal women
    • Van Baal WM, Kooistra T, Stehouwer CDA. Cardiovascular disease risk and hormone replacement therapy (hrt): a review based on randomised, controlled studies in postmenopausal women. Curr Med Chem 2000;7:499-517
    • (2000) Curr Med Chem , vol.7 , pp. 499-517
    • Van Baal, W.M.1    Kooistra, T.2    Stehouwer, C.D.A.3
  • 8
    • 0032547326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women
    • Hulley S, Grady D, Bush T, et al. Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. J Am Med Assoc 1998;280:605-13
    • (1998) J Am Med Assoc , vol.280 , pp. 605-613
    • Hulley, S.1    Grady, D.2    Bush, T.3
  • 9
    • 0024722103 scopus 로고
    • Myogenic mechanisms in the control of systemic resistance. Introduction and historical background
    • Folkow B. Myogenic mechanisms in the control of systemic resistance. Introduction and historical background. J Hypertens Suppl 1989;7:S1-4
    • (1989) J Hypertens Suppl , vol.7
    • Folkow, B.1
  • 10
    • 0023948223 scopus 로고
    • Microvascular control of capillary pressure during increases in local arterial and venous pressure
    • Davis MJ. Microvascular control of capillary pressure during increases in local arterial and venous pressure. Am J Physiol 1988;254:H772-84
    • (1988) Am J Physiol , vol.254
    • Davis, M.J.1
  • 11
    • 0025080602 scopus 로고
    • Structure and function of small arteries
    • Mulvany MJ, Aalkjaer C. Structure and function of small arteries. Physiol Rev 1990;70:921-61
    • (1990) Physiol Rev , vol.70 , pp. 921-961
    • Mulvany, M.J.1    Aalkjaer, C.2
  • 12
    • 0025097985 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of large cerebral arteries and cerebral microvascular pressure
    • Faraci FM, Heistad DD. Regulation of large cerebral arteries and cerebral microvascular pressure. Circ Res 1990;66:8-17
    • (1990) Circ Res , vol.66 , pp. 8-17
    • Faraci, F.M.1    Heistad, D.D.2
  • 13
    • 0028878651 scopus 로고
    • Different flow regulation mechanisms between celiac and mesenteric vascular beds in conscious rats
    • Iida N. Different flow regulation mechanisms between celiac and mesenteric vascular beds in conscious rats. Hypertension 1995;25:260-5
    • (1995) Hypertension , vol.25 , pp. 260-265
    • Iida, N.1
  • 14
    • 0037155047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transient receptor potential channels regulate myogenic tone of resistance arteries
    • Welsh DG, Morielli AD, Nelson MT, et al. Transient receptor potential channels regulate myogenic tone of resistance arteries. Circ Res 2002;90:248-50
    • (2002) Circ Res , vol.90 , pp. 248-250
    • Welsh, D.G.1    Morielli, A.D.2    Nelson, M.T.3
  • 15
    • 0023505509 scopus 로고
    • Endothelium-derived relaxing factor produced and released from artery and vein is nitric oxide
    • Ignarro LJ, Buga GM, Wood KS, et al. Endothelium-derived relaxing factor produced and released from artery and vein is nitric oxide. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1987;84:9265-9
    • (1987) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.84 , pp. 9265-9269
    • Ignarro, L.J.1    Buga, G.M.2    Wood, K.S.3
  • 16
    • 0025153863 scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide. A novel signal transduction mechanism for transcellular communication
    • Ignarro LJ. Nitric oxide. A novel signal transduction mechanism for transcellular communication. Hypertension 1990;16:477-83
    • (1990) Hypertension , vol.16 , pp. 477-483
    • Ignarro, L.J.1
  • 17
    • 0014237122 scopus 로고
    • Electromechanical and pharmacological coupling in vascular smooth muscle
    • Somlyo AV, Somlyo AP. Electromechanical and pharmacological coupling in vascular smooth muscle. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1968;159:129-45
    • (1968) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.159 , pp. 129-145
    • Somlyo, A.V.1    Somlyo, A.P.2
  • 18
    • 0021881244 scopus 로고
    • Calcium content of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum in liver frozen rapidly in vivo
    • Somlyo AP, Bond M, Somlyo AV. Calcium content of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum in liver frozen rapidly in vivo. Nature 1985;314:622-5
    • (1985) Nature , vol.314 , pp. 622-625
    • Somlyo, A.P.1    Bond, M.2    Somlyo, A.V.3
  • 19
    • 0028043535 scopus 로고
    • Signal transduction and regulation in smooth muscle
    • Somlyo AP, Somlyo AV. Signal transduction and regulation in smooth muscle. Nature 1994;372:231-6
    • (1994) Nature , vol.372 , pp. 231-236
    • Somlyo, A.P.1    Somlyo, A.V.2
  • 20
    • 0029160597 scopus 로고
    • Intracellular mechanisms involved in the regulation of vascular smooth muscle tone
    • Walsh MP, Kargacin GJ, Kendrick-Jones J, et al. Intracellular mechanisms involved in the regulation of vascular smooth muscle tone. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1995;73:565-73
    • (1995) Can J Physiol Pharmacol , vol.73 , pp. 565-573
    • Walsh, M.P.1    Kargacin, G.J.2    Kendrick-Jones, J.3
  • 21
    • 0025321355 scopus 로고
    • Biosynthesis and metabolism of endothelium-derived nitric oxide
    • Ignarro LJ. Biosynthesis and metabolism of endothelium-derived nitric oxide. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 1990;30:535-60
    • (1990) Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol , vol.30 , pp. 535-560
    • Ignarro, L.J.1
  • 22
    • 0032707717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide as a signaling molecule in the vascular system: An overview
    • Ignarro LJ, Cirino G, Casini A, et al. Nitric oxide as a signaling molecule in the vascular system: an overview. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1999;34:879-86
    • (1999) J Cardiovasc Pharmacol , vol.34 , pp. 879-886
    • Ignarro, L.J.1    Cirino, G.2    Casini, A.3
  • 23
    • 0032899216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Signaling mechanisms underlying the vascular myogenic response
    • Davis MJ, Hill MA. Signaling mechanisms underlying the vascular myogenic response. Physiol Rev 1999;79:387-423
    • (1999) Physiol Rev , vol.79 , pp. 387-423
    • Davis, M.J.1    Hill, M.A.2
  • 24
    • 0033552883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atherosclerosis - An inflammatory disease
    • Ross R. Atherosclerosis - an inflammatory disease. N Engl J Med 1999;340:115-26
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.340 , pp. 115-126
    • Ross, R.1
  • 25
    • 0035705616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide and atherosclerosis
    • Napoli C, Ignarro LJ. Nitric oxide and atherosclerosis. Nitric Oxide 2001;5:88-97
    • (2001) Nitric Oxide , vol.5 , pp. 88-97
    • Napoli, C.1    Ignarro, L.J.2
  • 26
    • 0033542402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The protective effects of estrogen on the cardiovascular system
    • Mendelsohn ME, Karas RH. The protective effects of estrogen on the cardiovascular system. N Engl J Med 1999;340:1801-11
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.340 , pp. 1801-1811
    • Mendelsohn, M.E.1    Karas, R.H.2
  • 27
    • 0034735852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of estrogen action in the cardiovascular system
    • Mendelsohn ME. Mechanisms of estrogen action in the cardiovascular system. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2000;74:337-43
    • (2000) J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol , vol.74 , pp. 337-343
    • Mendelsohn, M.E.1
  • 28
    • 0025223339 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of coronary artery atherosclerosis by 17-beta estradiol in ovariectomised monkeys: Lack of an effect of added progesterone
    • Adams MR, Kaplan JR, Manuck SB, et al. Inhibition of coronary artery atherosclerosis by 17-beta estradiol in ovariectomised monkeys: lack of an effect of added progesterone. Atherosclerosis 1990;10:1051-7
    • (1990) Atherosclerosis , vol.10 , pp. 1051-1057
    • Adams, M.R.1    Kaplan, J.R.2    Manuck, S.B.3
  • 29
    • 0026693534 scopus 로고
    • Regional differences in arterial low density, lipoprotein metabolism in surgically postmenopausal cynomolgus monkeys. Effects of estrogen and progesterone replacement therapy
    • Wagner JD, St Clair RW, Schwenke DC, et al. Regional differences in arterial low density, lipoprotein metabolism in surgically postmenopausal cynomolgus monkeys. Effects of estrogen and progesterone replacement therapy. Arterioscler Thromb 1992;12:717-26
    • (1992) Arterioscler Thromb , vol.12 , pp. 717-726
    • Wagner, J.D.1    St. Clair, R.W.2    Schwenke, D.C.3
  • 30
    • 0028142397 scopus 로고
    • Determinants of coronary artery reactivity in premenopausal female cynomolgus monkeys with diet-induced atherosclerosis
    • Williams JK, Shively CA, Clarkson TB. Determinants of coronary artery reactivity in premenopausal female cynomolgus monkeys with diet-induced atherosclerosis. Circulation 1994;90:983-7
    • (1994) Circulation , vol.90 , pp. 983-987
    • Williams, J.K.1    Shively, C.A.2    Clarkson, T.B.3
  • 31
    • 0028037167 scopus 로고
    • Effects of hormone replacement therapy on reactivity of atherosclerotic coronary arteries in cynomolgus monkeys
    • Williams JK, Honore EK, Washburn SA, et al. Effects of hormone replacement therapy on reactivity of atherosclerotic coronary arteries in cynomolgus monkeys. J Am Coll Cardiol 1994;24:1757-61
    • (1994) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.24 , pp. 1757-1761
    • Williams, J.K.1    Honore, E.K.2    Washburn, S.A.3
  • 32
    • 0031927191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conjugated equine estrogens alone, but not in combination with medroxyprogesterone acetate, inhibit aortic connective tissue remodeling after plasma lipid lowering in female monkeys
    • Register TC, Adams MR, Golden DL, et al. Conjugated equine estrogens alone, but not in combination with medroxyprogesterone acetate, inhibit aortic connective tissue remodeling after plasma lipid lowering in female monkeys. Arterioscler Thromb Vast Biol 1998;18:1164-71
    • (1998) Arterioscler Thromb Vast Biol , vol.18 , pp. 1164-1171
    • Register, T.C.1    Adams, M.R.2    Golden, D.L.3
  • 33
    • 0026625109 scopus 로고
    • Short-term administration of estrogen and vascular responses of atherosclerotic coronary arteries
    • Williams JK, Adams MR, Herrington DM, et al. Short-term administration of estrogen and vascular responses of atherosclerotic coronary arteries. J Am Coll Cardiol 1992;20:452-7
    • (1992) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.20 , pp. 452-457
    • Williams, J.K.1    Adams, M.R.2    Herrington, D.M.3
  • 34
    • 0029018514 scopus 로고
    • 17 beta-Estradiol attenuates acetylcholine-induced coronary arterial constriction in women but not men with coronary heart disease
    • Collins P, Rosano GM, Sarrel PM, et al. 17 beta-Estradiol attenuates acetylcholine-induced coronary arterial constriction in women but not men with coronary heart disease. Circulation 1995;92:24-30
    • (1995) Circulation , vol.92 , pp. 24-30
    • Collins, P.1    Rosano, G.M.2    Sarrel, P.M.3
  • 35
    • 0027930853 scopus 로고
    • Acute vascular effects of estrogen in postmenopausal women
    • Gilligan DM, Badar DM, Panza JA, et al. Acute vascular effects of estrogen in postmenopausal women. Circulation 1994;90:786-91
    • (1994) Circulation , vol.90 , pp. 786-791
    • Gilligan, D.M.1    Badar, D.M.2    Panza, J.A.3
  • 36
    • 0028358749 scopus 로고
    • Effects of physiological levels of estrogen on coronary vasomotor function in postmenopausal women
    • Gilligan DM, Quyyumi AA, Cannon RO III. Effects of physiological levels of estrogen on coronary vasomotor function in postmenopausal women. Circulation 1994;89:2545-51
    • (1994) Circulation , vol.89 , pp. 2545-2551
    • Gilligan, D.M.1    Quyyumi, A.A.2    Cannon R.O. III3
  • 37
    • 0028154102 scopus 로고
    • Ethinyl estradiol acutely attenuates abnormal coronary vasomotor responses to acetylcholine in postmenopausal women
    • Reis SE, Gloth ST, Blumenthal KS, et al. Ethinyl estradiol acutely attenuates abnormal coronary vasomotor responses to acetylcholine in postmenopausal women. Circulation 1994;89:52-60
    • (1994) Circulation , vol.89 , pp. 52-60
    • Reis, S.E.1    Gloth, S.T.2    Blumenthal, K.S.3
  • 38
    • 0029083257 scopus 로고
    • Estrogen acutely increases peripheral blood flow in postmenopausal women
    • Volterrani M, Rosano G, Coats A, et al. Estrogen acutely increases peripheral blood flow in postmenopausal women. Am J Med 1995;99:119-22
    • (1995) Am J Med , vol.99 , pp. 119-122
    • Volterrani, M.1    Rosano, G.2    Coats, A.3
  • 39
    • 0030664730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of nitric oxide in coronary vascular effects of estrogen in postmenopausal women
    • Guetta V, Quyyumi AA, Prasad A, et al. The role of nitric oxide in coronary vascular effects of estrogen in postmenopausal women. Circulation 1997;96:2795-801
    • (1997) Circulation , vol.96 , pp. 2795-2801
    • Guetta, V.1    Quyyumi, A.A.2    Prasad, A.3
  • 40
    • 0032527643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of conjugated estrogen on peripheral flow-mediated vasodilation in postmenopausal women
    • Al Khalili F, Eriksson M, Landgren BM, et al. Effect of conjugated estrogen on peripheral flow-mediated vasodilation in postmenopausal women. Am J Cardiol 1998;82:215-18
    • (1998) Am J Cardiol , vol.82 , pp. 215-218
    • Al Khalili, F.1    Eriksson, M.2    Landgren, B.M.3
  • 41
    • 0031951052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term effects of transdermal estrogen replacement therapy on coronary vascular reactivity in postmenopausal women with angina pectoris and normal results on coronary angiograms
    • Roque M, Heras M, Roig E, et al. Short-term effects of transdermal estrogen replacement therapy on coronary vascular reactivity in postmenopausal women with angina pectoris and normal results on coronary angiograms. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998;31:139-43
    • (1998) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.31 , pp. 139-143
    • Roque, M.1    Heras, M.2    Roig, E.3
  • 42
    • 0032701996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex steroids, insulin, and arterial stiffness in women and men
    • Giltay EJ, Lambert J, Gooren LJ, et al. Sex steroids, insulin, and arterial stiffness in women and men. Hypertension 1999;34:590-7
    • (1999) Hypertension , vol.34 , pp. 590-597
    • Giltay, E.J.1    Lambert, J.2    Gooren, L.J.3
  • 43
    • 0027406253 scopus 로고
    • Long-term effects of hormone replacement therapy on the uterus and on uterine circulation
    • Pirhonen JP, Vuento MH, Makinen JI, et al. Long-term effects of hormone replacement therapy on the uterus and on uterine circulation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1993;168:620-30
    • (1993) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.168 , pp. 620-630
    • Pirhonen, J.P.1    Vuento, M.H.2    Makinen, J.I.3
  • 44
    • 0027429120 scopus 로고
    • Endometrial and myometrial thickness and uterine blood flow in postmenopausal women: The influence of hormonal replacement therapy and age
    • Zalud I, Conway C, Schulman H, et al. Endometrial and myometrial thickness and uterine blood flow in postmenopausal women: the influence of hormonal replacement therapy and age [see comments]. J Ultrasound Med 1993;12:737-41
    • (1993) J Ultrasound Med , vol.12 , pp. 737-741
    • Zalud, I.1    Conway, C.2    Schulman, H.3
  • 45
    • 0028913357 scopus 로고
    • Hormonal status affects the reactivity of the cerebral vasculature
    • Belfort MA, Saade GR, Snabes M, et al. Hormonal status affects the reactivity of the cerebral vasculature. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1995;172:1273-8
    • (1995) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.172 , pp. 1273-1278
    • Belfort, M.A.1    Saade, G.R.2    Snabes, M.3
  • 46
    • 0029329118 scopus 로고
    • Transvaginal color Doppler assessment of endometrial status in normal postmenopausal women: The effect of hormone replacement therapy
    • Bonilla-Musoles F, Ballester MJ, Marti MC, et al. Transvaginal color Doppler assessment of endometrial status in normal postmenopausal women: the effect of hormone replacement therapy. J Ultrasound Med 1995;14:503-7
    • (1995) J Ultrasound Med , vol.14 , pp. 503-507
    • Bonilla-Musoles, F.1    Ballester, M.J.2    Marti, M.C.3
  • 47
    • 0029825317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alteration in the pulsatility index values of the internal carotid and middle cerebral arteries after suspension of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy: A randomized crossover study
    • Penotti M, Farina M, Castiglioni E, et al. Alteration in the pulsatility index values of the internal carotid and middle cerebral arteries after suspension of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy: a randomized crossover study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1996;175:606-11
    • (1996) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.175 , pp. 606-611
    • Penotti, M.1    Farina, M.2    Castiglioni, E.3
  • 48
    • 0031281703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of oophorectomy and hormone replacement therapy on ophthalmic artery blood flow velocity waveforms
    • Hata K, Hata T. Effects of oophorectomy and hormone replacement therapy on ophthalmic artery blood flow velocity waveforms. J Ultrasound Med 1997;16:737-41
    • (1997) J Ultrasound Med , vol.16 , pp. 737-741
    • Hata, K.1    Hata, T.2
  • 49
    • 0031862943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A double-blind, placebo controlled study of postmenopausal oestrogen replacement therapy and carotid artery pulsatility index
    • Jackson S, Vyas S. A double-blind, placebo controlled study of postmenopausal oestrogen replacement therapy and carotid artery pulsatility index. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1998;105:408-12
    • (1998) Br J Obstet Gynaecol , vol.105 , pp. 408-412
    • Jackson, S.1    Vyas, S.2
  • 50
    • 0033377599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequentially combined hormone replacement therapy reduces impedance to flow within the uterine and central retinal arteries in healthy postmenopausal women
    • Van Baal WM, Kenemans P, Stehouwer CDA, et al. Sequentially combined hormone replacement therapy reduces impedance to flow within the uterine and central retinal arteries in healthy postmenopausal women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1999;181:1365-73
    • (1999) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.181 , pp. 1365-1373
    • Van Baal, W.M.1    Kenemans, P.2    Stehouwer, C.D.A.3
  • 51
    • 0034824986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raloxifene reduces impedance to flow within the uterine artery in early postmenopausal women: A 2-year randomized, placebo-controlled, comparative study
    • Post MS, van der Mooren MJ, van Baal WM, et al. Raloxifene reduces impedance to flow within the uterine artery in early postmenopausal women: a 2-year randomized, placebo-controlled, comparative study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2001;185:557-62
    • (2001) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.185 , pp. 557-562
    • Post, M.S.1    Van Der Mooren, M.J.2    Van Baal, W.M.3
  • 52
    • 0025750751 scopus 로고
    • Endothelium-independent relaxation of rabbit coronary artery by 17 beta-oestradiol in vitro
    • Jiang CW, Sarrel PM, Lindsay DC, et al. Endothelium-independent relaxation of rabbit coronary artery by 17 beta-oestradiol in vitro. Br J Pharmacol 1991;104:1033-7
    • (1991) Br J Pharmacol , vol.104 , pp. 1033-1037
    • Jiang, C.W.1    Sarrel, P.M.2    Lindsay, D.C.3
  • 53
    • 0026774098 scopus 로고
    • Acute effect of 17 beta-estradiol on rabbit coronary artery contractile responses to endothelin-1
    • Jiang C, Sarrel PM, Poole-Wilson PA, et al. Acute effect of 17 beta-estradiol on rabbit coronary artery contractile responses to endothelin-1. Am J Physiol 1992;263:H271-5
    • (1992) Am J Physiol , vol.263
    • Jiang, C.1    Sarrel, P.M.2    Poole-Wilson, P.A.3
  • 54
    • 0030975221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-genomic mechanism of 17 beta-oestradiol-induced inhibition of contraction in mammalian vascular smooth muscle
    • Kitazawa T, Hamada E, Kitazawa K, et al. Non-genomic mechanism of 17 beta-oestradiol-induced inhibition of contraction in mammalian vascular smooth muscle. J Physiol 1997;499:497-511
    • (1997) J Physiol , vol.499 , pp. 497-511
    • Kitazawa, T.1    Hamada, E.2    Kitazawa, K.3
  • 55
    • 0032941614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term exposure to physiological levels of 17 beta-estradiol enhances endothelium-independent relaxation in porcine coronary artery
    • Teoh H, Leung SW, Man RY. Short-term exposure to physiological levels of 17 beta-estradiol enhances endothelium-independent relaxation in porcine coronary artery. Cardiovasc Res 1999;42:224-31
    • (1999) Cardiovasc Res , vol.42 , pp. 224-231
    • Teoh, H.1    Leung, S.W.2    Man, R.Y.3
  • 56
    • 0030910711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of chronic treatment with 17beta-estradiol and progesterone on endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent relaxation in isolated aortic rings from ovariectomized rats
    • Vedernikov YP, Liao QP, Jain V, et al. Effect of chronic treatment with 17beta-estradiol and progesterone on endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent relaxation in isolated aortic rings from ovariectomized rats. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1997;176:603-8
    • (1997) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.176 , pp. 603-608
    • Vedernikov, Y.P.1    Liao, Q.P.2    Jain, V.3
  • 58
    • 0030843573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen upregulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene expression in fetal puhnonary artery endothelium
    • MacRitchie AN, Jun SS, Chen Z, et al. Estrogen upregulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene expression in fetal puhnonary artery endothelium. Circ Res 1997;81:335-62
    • (1997) Circ Res , vol.81 , pp. 335-362
    • MacRitchie, A.N.1    Jun, S.S.2    Chen, Z.3
  • 59
    • 0030739144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen acutely stimulates nitric oxide synthase activity in fetal pulmonary artery endothelium
    • Lantin-Hermoso RL, Rosenfeld CR, Yuhanna IS, et al. Estrogen acutely stimulates nitric oxide synthase activity in fetal pulmonary artery endothelium. Am J Physiol 1997;273:L119-26
    • (1997) Am J Physiol , vol.273
    • Lantin-Hermoso, R.L.1    Rosenfeld, C.R.2    Yuhanna, I.S.3
  • 60
    • 17044455693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell-surface estrogen receptors mediate calcium-dependent nitric oxide release in human endothelia
    • Stefano GB, Prevot V, Beauvillain JC, et al. Cell-surface estrogen receptors mediate calcium-dependent nitric oxide release in human endothelia. Circulation 2000;101:1594-7
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.101 , pp. 1594-1597
    • Stefano, G.B.1    Prevot, V.2    Beauvillain, J.C.3
  • 61
    • 0031607366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen preserves regulation of shear stress by nitric oxide in arterioles of female hypertensive rats
    • Huang A, Sun D, Kaley G, et al. Estrogen preserves regulation of shear stress by nitric oxide in arterioles of female hypertensive rats. Hypertension 1998;31:309-14
    • (1998) Hypertension , vol.31 , pp. 309-314
    • Huang, A.1    Sun, D.2    Kaley, G.3
  • 62
    • 0031735831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender difference in flow-induced dilation and regulation of shear stress: Role of estrogen and nitric oxide
    • Huang A, Sun D, Koller A, et al. Gender difference in flow-induced dilation and regulation of shear stress: role of estrogen and nitric oxide. Am J Physiol 1998;275:R1571-7
    • (1998) Am J Physiol , vol.275
    • Huang, A.1    Sun, D.2    Koller, A.3
  • 63
    • 0030952125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen maintains nitric oxide synthesis in arterioles of female hypertensive rats
    • Huang A, Sun D, Kaley G, et al. Estrogen maintains nitric oxide synthesis in arterioles of female hypertensive rats. Hypertension 1997;29:1351-6
    • (1997) Hypertension , vol.29 , pp. 1351-1356
    • Huang, A.1    Sun, D.2    Kaley, G.3
  • 64
    • 0030898887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender difference in myogenic tone of rat arterioles is due to estrogen-induced, enhanced release of NO
    • Huang A, Sun D, Koller A, et al. Gender difference in myogenic tone of rat arterioles is due to estrogen-induced, enhanced release of NO. Am J Physiol 1997;272:H1804-9
    • (1997) Am J Physiol , vol.272
    • Huang, A.1    Sun, D.2    Koller, A.3
  • 65
    • 0036678359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 17-beta estradiol induces a rapid, endothelium-dependent, sex-specific, vasodilatation in spontaneous constricted rat arterioles
    • Smolders RGV, van der Mooren MJ, Kenemans P, et al. 17-beta estradiol induces a rapid, endothelium-dependent, sex-specific, vasodilatation in spontaneous constricted rat arterioles. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002;187:375-81
    • (2002) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.187 , pp. 375-381
    • Smolders, R.G.V.1    Van Der Mooren, M.J.2    Kenemans, P.3
  • 66
    • 0029029685 scopus 로고
    • 2+ release induced by thromboxane A2 in porcine coronary artery
    • 2+ release induced by thromboxane A2 in porcine coronary artery. Circulation 1995;91:2619-26
    • (1995) Circulation , vol.91 , pp. 2619-2626
    • Han, S.Z.1    Karaki, H.2    Ouchi, Y.3
  • 67
    • 0036178170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo evidence for antioxidant potential of estrogen in microvessels of female spontaneously hypertensive rats
    • Dantas AP, Tostes RC, Fortes ZB, et al. In vivo evidence for antioxidant potential of estrogen in microvessels of female spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertension 2002;39:405-11
    • (2002) Hypertension , vol.39 , pp. 405-411
    • Dantas, A.P.1    Tostes, R.C.2    Fortes, Z.B.3
  • 69
    • 0029759116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oestrogen as a calcium channel blocker
    • Collins P, Beale CM, Rosano GM. Oestrogen as a calcium channel blocker. Eur Heart J 1996;17(Suppl D):27-31
    • (1996) Eur Heart J , vol.17 , Issue.SUPPL. D , pp. 27-31
    • Collins, P.1    Beale, C.M.2    Rosano, G.M.3
  • 70
    • 0028837596 scopus 로고
    • Estrogen relaxes coronary arteries bv opening BKCa channels through a cGMP-dependent mechanism
    • White RE, Darkow DJ, Lang JL. Estrogen relaxes coronary arteries bv opening BKCa channels through a cGMP-dependent mechanism. Circ Res 1995;77:936-42
    • (1995) Circ Res , vol.77 , pp. 936-942
    • White, R.E.1    Darkow, D.J.2    Lang, J.L.3
  • 71
    • 0029862386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in coronary artery diameter involve estrogen, nitric oxide, and Ca(2+)-dependent K+ channels
    • Wellman GC, Bonev AD, Nelson MT, et al. Gender differences in coronary artery diameter involve estrogen, nitric oxide, and Ca(2+)-dependent K+ channels. Circ Res 1996;79:1024-30
    • (1996) Circ Res , vol.79 , pp. 1024-1030
    • Wellman, G.C.1    Bonev, A.D.2    Nelson, M.T.3
  • 72
    • 18244378311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelium-independent effect of estrogen on Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels in human coronary artery smooth muscle cells
    • White RE, Han G, Maunz M, et al. Endothelium-independent effect of estrogen on Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels in human coronary artery smooth muscle cells. Cardiovasc Res 2002;53:650-61
    • (2002) Cardiovasc Res , vol.53 , pp. 650-661
    • White, R.E.1    Han, G.2    Maunz, M.3
  • 73
    • 0001548401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell membrane and nuclear estrogen receptors (ERs) originate from a single transcript: Studies of ERalpha and ERbeta expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells
    • Razandi M, Pedram A, Greene GL, et al. Cell membrane and nuclear estrogen receptors (ERs) originate from a single transcript: studies of ERalpha and ERbeta expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Mol Endocrinol 1999;13:307-19
    • (1999) Mol Endocrinol , vol.13 , pp. 307-319
    • Razandi, M.1    Pedram, A.2    Greene, G.L.3
  • 74
    • 0034705168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human vascular endothelial cells contain membrane binding sites for estradiol, which mediate rapid intracellular signaling
    • Russell KS, Haynes MP, Sinha D, et al. Human vascular endothelial cells contain membrane binding sites for estradiol, which mediate rapid intracellular signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2000;97:5930-5
    • (2000) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.97 , pp. 5930-5935
    • Russell, K.S.1    Haynes, M.P.2    Sinha, D.3
  • 75
    • 0034644608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Membrane estrogen receptor engagement activates endothelial nitric oxide synthase via the P13-kinase-akt pathway in human endothelial cells
    • Haynes MP, Sinha D, Russell KS, et al. Membrane estrogen receptor engagement activates endothelial nitric oxide synthase via the P13-kinase-akt pathway in human endothelial cells. Circ Res 2000;87:677-82
    • (2000) Circ Res , vol.87 , pp. 677-682
    • Haynes, M.P.1    Sinha, D.2    Russell, K.S.3
  • 76
    • 0034727094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction of oestrogen receptor with the regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase
    • Simoncini T, Hafezi-Moghadam A, Brazil DP, et al. Interaction of oestrogen receptor with the regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase. Nature 2000;407:538-41
    • (2000) Nature , vol.407 , pp. 538-541
    • Simoncini, T.1    Hafezi-Moghadam, A.2    Brazil, D.P.3
  • 77
    • 0034711335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen receptor alpha and endothelial nitric oxide synthase are organized into a functional signaling module in caveolae
    • Chambliss KL, Yuhanna IS, Mineo C, et al. Estrogen receptor alpha and endothelial nitric oxide synthase are organized into a functional signaling module in caveolae. Circ Res 2000;87:E44-52
    • (2000) Circ Res , vol.87
    • Chambliss, K.L.1    Yuhanna, I.S.2    Mineo, C.3
  • 78
    • 0032589745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen receptor alpha mediates the nongenomic activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by estrogen
    • Chen Z, Yuhanna IS, Galcheva-Gargova Z, et al. Estrogen receptor alpha mediates the nongenomic activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by estrogen. J Clin Invest 1999;103:401-6
    • (1999) J Clin Invest , vol.103 , pp. 401-406
    • Chen, Z.1    Yuhanna, I.S.2    Galcheva-Gargova, Z.3
  • 79
    • 0037133569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nongenomic mechanisms of endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation by the selective estrogen receptor modulator raloxifene
    • Simoncini T, Genazzani AR, Liao JK. Nongenomic mechanisms of endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation by the selective estrogen receptor modulator raloxifene. Circulation 2002;105:1368-73
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.105 , pp. 1368-1373
    • Simoncini, T.1    Genazzani, A.R.2    Liao, J.K.3
  • 80
    • 0028229893 scopus 로고
    • Induction of calcium-dependent nitric oxide synthases by sex hormones
    • Weiner CP, Lizasoain I, Baylis SA, et al. Induction of calcium-dependent nitric oxide synthases by sex hormones. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994;91:5212-16
    • (1994) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.91 , pp. 5212-5216
    • Weiner, C.P.1    Lizasoain, I.2    Baylis, S.A.3
  • 81
    • 0029816542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen enhances basal nitric oxide release in the forearm vasculature in perimenopausal women
    • Sudhir K, Jennings GL, Funder JW, et al. Estrogen enhances basal nitric oxide release in the forearm vasculature in perimenopausal women. Hypertension 1996;28:330-4
    • (1996) Hypertension , vol.28 , pp. 330-334
    • Sudhir, K.1    Jennings, G.L.2    Funder, J.W.3
  • 82
    • 0030962333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular estrogen receptors and endothelium-derived nitric oxide production in the mouse aorta. Gender difference and effect of estrogen receptor gene disruption
    • Rubanyi GM, Freay AD, Kauser K, et al. Vascular estrogen receptors and endothelium-derived nitric oxide production in the mouse aorta. Gender difference and effect of estrogen receptor gene disruption. J Clin Invest 1997;99:2429-37
    • (1997) J Clin Invest , vol.99 , pp. 2429-2437
    • Rubanyi, G.M.1    Freay, A.D.2    Kauser, K.3
  • 83
    • 0031748093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The metabolism of homocysteine: Pathways and regulation
    • Finkelstein JD. The metabolism of homocysteine: pathways and regulation. Eur J Pediatr 1998;157(Suppl 2): S40-4
    • (1998) Eur J Pediatr , vol.157 , Issue.2 SUPPL.
    • Finkelstein, J.D.1
  • 84
    • 0029924647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homocysteine metabolism and risk of myocardial infarction: Relation with vitamins B6, B12, and folate
    • Verhoef P, Stampfer MJ, Buring JE, et al. Homocysteine metabolism and risk of myocardial infarction: relation with vitamins B6, B12, and folate. Am J Epidemiol 1996;143:845-59
    • (1996) Am J Epidemiol , vol.143 , pp. 845-859
    • Verhoef, P.1    Stampfer, M.J.2    Buring, J.E.3
  • 85
    • 0031595492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamins B6, B12, and folate: Association with plasma total homocysteine and risk of coronary atherosclerosis
    • Siri PW, Verhoef P, Kok FJ. Vitamins B6, B12, and folate: association with plasma total homocysteine and risk of coronary atherosclerosis. J Am Coll Nutr 1998;17:435-41
    • (1998) J Am Coll Nutr , vol.17 , pp. 435-441
    • Siri, P.W.1    Verhoef, P.2    Kok, F.J.3
  • 86
    • 0029049553 scopus 로고
    • A candidate genetic risk factor for vascular disease: A common mutation in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase
    • Frosst P, Blom HJ, Milos R, et al. A candidate genetic risk factor for vascular disease: a common mutation in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase. Nature Genet 1995;10:111-13
    • (1995) Nature Genet , vol.10 , pp. 111-113
    • Frosst, P.1    Blom, H.J.2    Milos, R.3
  • 87
    • 0027421353 scopus 로고
    • Thermolabile defect of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase in coronary artery disease
    • Kang SS, Passen EL, Ruggie N, et al. Thermolabile defect of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase in coronary artery disease. Circulation 1993;88:1463-9
    • (1993) Circulation , vol.88 , pp. 1463-1469
    • Kang, S.S.1    Passen, E.L.2    Ruggie, N.3
  • 88
    • 0036156638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase genotype determines the plasma homocysteine-lowering effect of supplementation with 5-methyltetrahydrofolate or folic acid in healthy young women
    • Fohr IP, Prinz-Langenohl R, Bronstrup A, et al. 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase genotype determines the plasma homocysteine-lowering effect of supplementation with 5-methyltetrahydrofolate or folic acid in healthy young women. Am J Clin Nutr 2002;75:275-82
    • (2002) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.75 , pp. 275-282
    • Fohr, I.P.1    Prinz-Langenohl, R.2    Bronstrup, A.3
  • 89
    • 0014310595 scopus 로고
    • Homocystinuria. I. A clinical and pathological study of nine subjects in six families
    • Carey MC, Donovan DE, FitzGerald O, et al. Homocystinuria. I. A clinical and pathological study of nine subjects in six families. Am J Med 1968;45:7-25
    • (1968) Am J Med , vol.45 , pp. 7-25
    • Carey, M.C.1    Donovan, D.E.2    FitzGerald, O.3
  • 90
    • 0014545138 scopus 로고
    • Vascular pathology of homocysteinemia: Implications for the pathogenesis of arteriosclerosis
    • McCully KS. Vascular pathology of homocysteinemia: implications for the pathogenesis of arteriosclerosis. Am J Pathol 1969;56:111-28
    • (1969) Am J Pathol , vol.56 , pp. 111-128
    • McCully, K.S.1
  • 91
    • 0016371704 scopus 로고
    • Methionine metabolism in mammals: Regulatory effects of S-adenosylhomocysteine
    • Finkelstein JD, Kyle WE, Harris BJ. Methionine metabolism in mammals: regulatory effects of S-adenosylhomocysteine. Arch Biochem Biophys 1974;165:774-9
    • (1974) Arch Biochem Biophys , vol.165 , pp. 774-779
    • Finkelstein, J.D.1    Kyle, W.E.2    Harris, B.J.3
  • 92
    • 0033818441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathways and regulation of homocysteine metabolism in mammals
    • Finkelstein JD. Pathways and regulation of homocysteine metabolism in mammals. Semin Thromb Hemost 2000;26:219-25
    • (2000) Semin Thromb Hemost , vol.26 , pp. 219-225
    • Finkelstein, J.D.1
  • 93
    • 1842411860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homocyst(e)ine decreases bioavailable nitric oxide by a mechanism involving glutathione peroxidase
    • Upchurch GR Jr, Welch GN, Fabian AJ, et al. Homocyst(e)ine decreases bioavailable nitric oxide by a mechanism involving glutathione peroxidase. J Biol Chem 1997;272:17012-17
    • (1997) J Biol Chem , vol.272 , pp. 17012-17017
    • Upchurch G.R., Jr.1    Welch, G.N.2    Fabian, A.J.3
  • 95
    • 0032787873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dysfunction of nitric oxide mediation in isolated rat arterioles with methionine diet-induced hyperhomocysteinemia
    • Ungvari Z, Pacher P, Rischak K, et al. Dysfunction of nitric oxide mediation in isolated rat arterioles with methionine diet-induced hyperhomocysteinemia. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1999;19:1899-904
    • (1999) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol , vol.19 , pp. 1899-1904
    • Ungvari, Z.1    Pacher, P.2    Rischak, K.3
  • 96
    • 0035018538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homocysteine reduces smooth muscle [Ca2+]i and constrictor responses of isolated arterioles
    • Ungvari Z, Koller A. Homocysteine reduces smooth muscle [Ca2+]i and constrictor responses of isolated arterioles. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2001;37:705-12
    • (2001) J Cardiovasc Pharmacol , vol.37 , pp. 705-712
    • Ungvari, Z.1    Koller, A.2
  • 97
    • 0033817681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperhomocysteinemia, vascular pathology, and endothelial dysfunction
    • Van Guldener C, Stehouwer CDA. Hyperhomocysteinemia, vascular pathology, and endothelial dysfunction. Semin Thromb Hemost 2000;26:281-9
    • (2000) Semin Thromb Hemost , vol.26 , pp. 281-289
    • Van Guldener, C.1    Stehouwer, C.D.A.2
  • 98
    • 0035422450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of vitamin E on resistance vessel endothelial dysfunction induced by methionine
    • Raghuveer G, Sinkey CA, Chenard C, et al. Effect of vitamin E on resistance vessel endothelial dysfunction induced by methionine. Am J Cardiol 2001;88:285-90
    • (2001) Am J Cardiol , vol.88 , pp. 285-290
    • Raghuveer, G.1    Sinkey, C.A.2    Chenard, C.3
  • 99
    • 0023664723 scopus 로고
    • The role of sulfur-containing amino acids in superoxide production and modification of low density lipoprotein by arterial smooth muscle cells
    • Heinecke JW, Rosen H, Suzuki LA, et al. The role of sulfur-containing amino acids in superoxide production and modification of low density lipoprotein by arterial smooth muscle cells. J Biol Chem 1987; 262:10098-103
    • (1987) J Biol Chem , vol.262 , pp. 10098-10103
    • Heinecke, J.W.1    Rosen, H.2    Suzuki, L.A.3
  • 100
    • 0031227756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Redox control of ion channel activity in vascular endothelial cells by glutathione
    • Elliott SJ, Koliwad SK. Redox control of ion channel activity in vascular endothelial cells by glutathione. Microcirculation 1997;4:341-7
    • (1997) Microcirculation , vol.4 , pp. 341-347
    • Elliott, S.J.1    Koliwad, S.K.2
  • 101
    • 0036144873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular redox state and endothelial dysfunction in mildly hyperhomocysteinemic cystathionine beta-synthase-deficient mice
    • Weiss N, Heydrick S, Zhang YY, et al. Cellular redox state and endothelial dysfunction in mildly hyperhomocysteinemic cystathionine beta-synthase-deficient mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2002;22:34-41
    • (2002) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol , vol.22 , pp. 34-41
    • Weiss, N.1    Heydrick, S.2    Zhang, Y.Y.3
  • 102
    • 0035940411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overexpression of cellular glutathione peroxidase rescues homocyst(e)ine-induced endothelial dysfunction
    • Weiss N, Zhang YY, Heydrick S, et al. Overexpression of cellular glutathione peroxidase rescues homocyst(e)ine-induced endothelial dysfunction. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2001;98:12503-8
    • (2001) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.98 , pp. 12503-12508
    • Weiss, N.1    Zhang, Y.Y.2    Heydrick, S.3
  • 103
    • 0031018333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperhomocyst(e)inemia is associated with impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation in humans
    • Tawakol A, Omland T, Gerhard M, et al. Hyperhomocyst(e)inemia is associated with impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation in humans. Circulation 1997;95:1119-21
    • (1997) Circulation , vol.95 , pp. 1119-1121
    • Tawakol, A.1    Omland, T.2    Gerhard, M.3
  • 104
    • 0002313552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute hyperhomocysteinaemia and endothelial dysfunction
    • Chambers JC, McGregor A, Jean-Marie J, et al. Acute hyperhomocysteinaemia and endothelial dysfunction. Lancet 1998;351:36-7
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.351 , pp. 36-37
    • Chambers, J.C.1    McGregor, A.2    Jean-Marie, J.3
  • 105
    • 0032480790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperhomocysteinemia after an oral methionine load acutely impairs endothelial function in healthy adults
    • Bellamy MF, McDowell IF, Ramsey MW, et al. Hyperhomocysteinemia after an oral methionine load acutely impairs endothelial function in healthy adults. Circulation 1998;98:1848-52
    • (1998) Circulation , vol.98 , pp. 1848-1852
    • Bellamy, M.F.1    McDowell, I.F.2    Ramsey, M.W.3
  • 106
    • 2542508741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma concentration of asymmetric dimethylarginine, an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, is elevated in monkeys with hyperhomocyst(e)inemia or hypercholesterolemia
    • Boger RH, Bode-Boger SM, Sydow K, et al. Plasma concentration of asymmetric dimethylarginine, an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, is elevated in monkeys with hyperhomocyst(e)inemia or hypercholesterolemia. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2000;20:1557-64
    • (2000) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol , vol.20 , pp. 1557-1564
    • Boger, R.H.1    Bode-Boger, S.M.2    Sydow, K.3
  • 107
    • 0035109723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevation of asymmetrical dimethylarginine may mediate endothelial dysfunction during experimental hyperhomocyst(e)inaemia in humans
    • Boger RH, Lentz SR, Bode-Boger SM, et al. Elevation of asymmetrical dimethylarginine may mediate endothelial dysfunction during experimental hyperhomocyst(e)inaemia in humans. Clin Sci (Lond) 2001;100:161-7
    • (2001) Clin Sci (Lond) , vol.100 , pp. 161-167
    • Boger, R.H.1    Lentz, S.R.2    Bode-Boger, S.M.3
  • 108
    • 0035923560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homocysteine impairs the nitric oxide synthase pathway: Role of asymmetric dimethylarginine
    • Stuhlinger MC, Tsao PS, Her JH, et al. Homocysteine impairs the nitric oxide synthase pathway: role of asymmetric dimethylarginine. Circulation 2001;104:2569-75
    • (2001) Circulation , vol.104 , pp. 2569-2575
    • Stuhlinger, M.C.1    Tsao, P.S.2    Her, J.H.3
  • 109
    • 0029066299 scopus 로고
    • A quantitative assessment of plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for vascular disease. Probable benefits of increasing folic acid intakes
    • Boushey CJ, Beresford SA, Omenn GS. A quantitative assessment of plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for vascular disease. Probable benefits of increasing folic acid intakes. J Am Med Assoc 1995;274:1049-57
    • (1995) J Am Med Assoc , vol.274 , pp. 1049-1057
    • Boushey, C.J.1    Beresford, S.A.2    Omenn, G.S.3
  • 110
    • 0026684554 scopus 로고
    • A prospective study of plasma homocyst(e)ine and risk of myocardial infarction in US physicians
    • Stampfer MJ, Malinow MR, Willett WC, et al. A prospective study of plasma homocyst(e)ine and risk of myocardial infarction in US physicians. J Am Med Assoc 1992;268:877-81
    • (1992) J Am Med Assoc , vol.268 , pp. 877-881
    • Stampfer, M.J.1    Malinow, M.R.2    Willett, W.C.3
  • 111
    • 1842331509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for vascular disease
    • The European Concerted Action Project
    • Graham IM, Daly LE, Refsum HM, et al. Plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for vascular disease. The European Concerted Action Project. J Am Med Assoc 1997;277:1775-81
    • (1997) J Am Med Assoc , vol.277 , pp. 1775-1781
    • Graham, I.M.1    Daly, L.E.2    Refsum, H.M.3
  • 112
    • 1842370239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma homocysteine levels and mortality in patients with coronary artery disease
    • Nygard O, Nordrehaug JE, Refsum H, et al. Plasma homocysteine levels and mortality in patients with coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med 1997;337:230-6
    • (1997) N Engl J Med , vol.337 , pp. 230-236
    • Nygard, O.1    Nordrehaug, J.E.2    Refsum, H.3
  • 113
    • 0031958860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homocysteine and cardiovascular disease
    • Refsum H, Ueland PM, Nygard O, et al. Homocysteine and cardiovascular disease. Annu Rev Med 1998;49:31-62
    • (1998) Annu Rev Med , vol.49 , pp. 31-62
    • Refsum, H.1    Ueland, P.M.2    Nygard, O.3
  • 114
    • 0028149224 scopus 로고
    • Maternal hyperhomocysteinemia: A risk factor for neural-tube defects?
    • Steegers-Theunissen RP, Boers GH, Trijbels FJ, et al. Maternal hyperhomocysteinemia: a risk factor for neural-tube defects? Metabolism 1994;43:1475-80
    • (1994) Metabolism , vol.43 , pp. 1475-1480
    • Steegers-Theunissen, R.P.1    Boers, G.H.2    Trijbels, F.J.3
  • 115
    • 0026551689 scopus 로고
    • Hyperhomocysteinemia and recurrent spontaneous abortion or abruptio placentae
    • Steegers-Theunissen RP, Boers GH, Blom HJ, et al. Hyperhomocysteinemia and recurrent spontaneous abortion or abruptio placentae. Lancet 1992;339:1122-3
    • (1992) Lancet , vol.339 , pp. 1122-1123
    • Steegers-Theunissen, R.P.1    Boers, G.H.2    Blom, H.J.3
  • 116
    • 0033638057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperhomocysteinemia and recurrent early pregnancy loss: A meta-analysis
    • Nelen WL, Blom HJ, Steegers EA, et al. Hyperhomocysteinemia and recurrent early pregnancy loss: a meta-analysis. Fertil Steril 2000;74:1196-9
    • (2000) Fertil Steril , vol.74 , pp. 1196-1199
    • Nelen, W.L.1    Blom, H.J.2    Steegers, E.A.3
  • 118
    • 0030690585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperhomocysteinaemia and protein S deficiency in complicated pregnancies
    • De Vries JI, Dekker GA, Huijgens PC, et al. Hyperhomocysteinaemia and protein S deficiency in complicated pregnancies. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1997;104:1248-54
    • (1997) Br J Obstet Gynaecol , vol.104 , pp. 1248-1254
    • De Vries, J.I.1    Dekker, G.A.2    Huijgens, P.C.3
  • 120
    • 0034831335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterogeneity of the association between plasma homocysteine and atherothrombotic disease: Insights from studies of vascular structure and function
    • Stehouwer CDA. Heterogeneity of the association between plasma homocysteine and atherothrombotic disease: insights from studies of vascular structure and function. Clin Chem Lab Med 2001;39:705-9
    • (2001) Clin Chem Lab Med , vol.39 , pp. 705-709
    • Stehouwer, C.D.A.1
  • 121
    • 0342624737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homocysteine mediated endothelial cell toxicity and its amelioration
    • Blundell G, Jones BG, Nose FA, et al. Homocysteine mediated endothelial cell toxicity and its amelioration. Atherosclerosis 1996;122:163-72
    • (1996) Atherosclerosis , vol.122 , pp. 163-172
    • Blundell, G.1    Jones, B.G.2    Nose, F.A.3
  • 122
    • 17344368557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homocysteine as a risk factor for vascular disease. Enhanced collagen production and accumulation by smooth muscle cells
    • Majors A, Ehrhart LA, Pezacka EH. Homocysteine as a risk factor for vascular disease. Enhanced collagen production and accumulation by smooth muscle cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1997;17:2074-81
    • (1997) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol , vol.17 , pp. 2074-2081
    • Majors, A.1    Ehrhart, L.A.2    Pezacka, E.H.3
  • 123
    • 0031935068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homocysteine redox receptor and regulation of extracellular matrix components in vascular cells
    • Tyagi SC. Homocysteine redox receptor and regulation of extracellular matrix components in vascular cells. Am J Physiol 2001;274:C396-405
    • (2001) Am J Physiol , vol.274
    • Tyagi, S.C.1
  • 124
    • 0034622031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypomethylation as a cause of homocysteine-induced cell damage in human cell lines
    • Hultberg B, Andersson A, Isaksson A. Hypomethylation as a cause of homocysteine-induced cell damage in human cell lines. Toxicology 2000;147:69-75
    • (2000) Toxicology , vol.147 , pp. 69-75
    • Hultberg, B.1    Andersson, A.2    Isaksson, A.3
  • 125
    • 0035020293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein tyrosine phosphatase-dependent proteolysis of focal adhesion complexes in endothelial cell apoptosis
    • Harrington EO, Smeglin A, Newton J, et al. Protein tyrosine phosphatase-dependent proteolysis of focal adhesion complexes in endothelial cell apoptosis. Am J Physiol 2001;280:L342-53
    • (2001) Am J Physiol , vol.280
    • Harrington, E.O.1    Smeglin, A.2    Newton, J.3
  • 126
    • 0034820702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homocysteine in postmenopausal women and the importance of hormone replacement therapy
    • Mijatovic V, van der Mooren MJ. Homocysteine in postmenopausal women and the importance of hormone replacement therapy. Clin Chem Lab Med 2001;39:764-7
    • (2001) Clin Chem Lab Med , vol.39 , pp. 764-767
    • Mijatovic, V.1    Van Der Mooren, M.J.2
  • 127
    • 0031790488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of sex steroids on plasma total homocysteine levels - A study in transsexual males and females
    • Giltay EJ, Hoogeveen EK, Elbers JH, et al. Effects of sex steroids on plasma total homocysteine levels - a study in transsexual males and females. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998;83:550-3
    • (1998) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.83 , pp. 550-553
    • Giltay, E.J.1    Hoogeveen, E.K.2    Elbers, J.H.3
  • 128
    • 0034990066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between B vitamin intake and plasma homocysteine concentration in the general Dutch population aged 20-65 y
    • De Bree A, Verschuren WM, Blom HJ, et al. Association between B vitamin intake and plasma homocysteine concentration in the general Dutch population aged 20-65 y. Am J Clin Nutr 2001;73:1027-33
    • (2001) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.73 , pp. 1027-1033
    • De Bree, A.1    Verschuren, W.M.2    Blom, H.J.3
  • 129
    • 0029843374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormone replacement therapy and cobalamin status in elderly women
    • Carmel R, Howard JM, Green R, et al. Hormone replacement therapy and cobalamin status in elderly women. Am J Clin Nutr 1996;64:856-9
    • (1996) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.64 , pp. 856-859
    • Carmel, R.1    Howard, J.M.2    Green, R.3
  • 130
    • 0026542965 scopus 로고
    • Effects of sub-50 oral contraceptives on homocysteine metabolism: A preliminary study
    • Steegers-Theunissen RP, Boers GH, Steegers EA, et al. Effects of sub-50 oral contraceptives on homocysteine metabolism: a preliminary study. Contraception 1992;45:129-39
    • (1992) Contraception , vol.45 , pp. 129-139
    • Steegers-Theunissen, R.P.1    Boers, G.H.2    Steegers, E.A.3
  • 132
    • 0031016421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal and fetal levels of methionine and homocysteine in early human pregnancy
    • Steegers-Theunissen RP, Wathen NC, Eskes TK, et al. Maternal and fetal levels of methionine and homocysteine in early human pregnancy. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1997;104:20-4
    • (1997) Br J Obstet Gynaecol , vol.104 , pp. 20-24
    • Steegers-Theunissen, R.P.1    Wathen, N.C.2    Eskes, T.K.3
  • 133
    • 0025868996 scopus 로고
    • Homocysteine content of lipoproteins in hypercholesterolaemia
    • Olszewski AJ, McCully KS. Homocysteine content of lipoproteins in hypercholesterolaemia. Atherosclerosis 1991;88:61-8
    • (1991) Atherosclerosis , vol.88 , pp. 61-68
    • Olszewski, A.J.1    McCully, K.S.2
  • 134
    • 0019174823 scopus 로고
    • The estradiol-stimulated lipoprotein receptor of rat liver. A binding site that membrane mediates the uptake of rat lipoproteins containing apoproteins B and E
    • Windler EE, Kovanen PT, Chao YS, et al. The estradiol-stimulated lipoprotein receptor of rat liver. A binding site that membrane mediates the uptake of rat lipoproteins containing apoproteins B and E. J Biol Chem 1980;255:10464-71
    • (1980) J Biol Chem , vol.255 , pp. 10464-10471
    • Windler, E.E.1    Kovanen, P.T.2    Chao, Y.S.3
  • 135
    • 0032807581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The C677T methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism influences the homocysteine-lowering effect of hormone replacement therapy
    • Brown CA, McKinney KQ, Young KB, et al. The C677T methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism influences the homocysteine-lowering effect of hormone replacement therapy. Mol Genet Metab 1999;67:43-8
    • (1999) Mol Genet Metab , vol.67 , pp. 43-48
    • Brown, C.A.1    McKinney, K.Q.2    Young, K.B.3
  • 136
    • 0002924335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperhomocysteinemia: A risk factor for cardiovascular disease - Influence of sex hormones on homocysteine metabolism
    • Blom HJ, van der Mooren MJ. Hyperhomocysteinemia: a risk factor for cardiovascular disease - influence of sex hormones on homocysteine metabolism. Gynecol Endocrinol 1996;10:75-9
    • (1996) Gynecol Endocrinol , vol.10 , pp. 75-79
    • Blom, H.J.1    Van Der Mooren, M.J.2
  • 137
    • 0021072739 scopus 로고
    • Unique efficiency of methionine metabolism in premenopausal women may protect against vascular disease in the reproductive years
    • Boers GH, Smals AG, Trijbels FJ, et al. Unique efficiency of methionine metabolism in premenopausal women may protect against vascular disease in the reproductive years. J Clin Invest 1983;72:1971-6
    • (1983) J Clin Invest , vol.72 , pp. 1971-1976
    • Boers, G.H.1    Smals, A.G.2    Trijbels, F.J.3
  • 140
    • 0028143396 scopus 로고
    • Hormone replacement therapy may reduce high serum homocysteine in postmenopausal women
    • Van der Mooren MJ, Wouters MG, Blom HJ, et al. Hormone replacement therapy may reduce high serum homocysteine in postmenopausal women. Eur J Clin Invest 1994;24:733-6
    • (1994) Eur J Clin Invest , vol.24 , pp. 733-736
    • Van Der Mooren, M.J.1    Wouters, M.G.2    Blom, H.J.3
  • 141
    • 0031019860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of sequential three-monthly hormone replacement therapy on several cardiovascular risk estimators in postmenopausal women
    • Van der Mooren MJ, Demacker PN, Blom HJ, et al. The effect of sequential three-monthly hormone replacement therapy on several cardiovascular risk estimators in postmenopausal women. Fertil Steril 1997;67:67-73
    • (1997) Fertil Steril , vol.67 , pp. 67-73
    • Van Der Mooren, M.J.1    Demacker, P.N.2    Blom, H.J.3
  • 142
    • 0032056407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postmenopausal oral 17beta-estradiol continuously combined with dydrogesterone reduces fasting serum homocysteine levels
    • Mijatovic V, Kenemans P, Netelenbos C, et al. Postmenopausal oral 17beta-estradiol continuously combined with dydrogesterone reduces fasting serum homocysteine levels. Fertil Steril 1998;69:876-82
    • (1998) Fertil Steril , vol.69 , pp. 876-882
    • Mijatovic, V.1    Kenemans, P.2    Netelenbos, C.3
  • 143
    • 0032030666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized controlled study of the effects of 17beta-estradiol-dydrogesterone on plasma homocysteine in postmenopausal women
    • Mijatovic V, Kenemans P, Jakobs C, et al. A randomized controlled study of the effects of 17beta-estradiol-dydrogesterone on plasma homocysteine in postmenopausal women. Obstet Gynecol 1998;91:432-6
    • (1998) Obstet Gynecol , vol.91 , pp. 432-436
    • Mijatovic, V.1    Kenemans, P.2    Jakobs, C.3
  • 144
    • 0032403666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the effects of raloxifene and conjugated equine estrogen on plasma homocysteine levels in healthy postmenopausal women
    • Mijatovic V, Netelenbos C, van der Mooren MJ, et al. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the effects of raloxifene and conjugated equine estrogen on plasma homocysteine levels in healthy postmenopausal women. Fertil Steril 1998;70:1085-9
    • (1998) Fertil Steril , vol.70 , pp. 1085-1089
    • Mijatovic, V.1    Netelenbos, C.2    Van Der Mooren, M.J.3
  • 146
    • 0032741765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma homocysteine in women taking hormone replacement therapy: The Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions (PEPI) Trial
    • Barnabei VM, Phillips TM Hsia J. Plasma homocysteine in women taking hormone replacement therapy: the Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions (PEPI) Trial. J Womens Health Gend Based Med 1999;8:1167-72
    • (1999) J Womens Health Gend Based Med , vol.8 , pp. 1167-1172
    • Barnabei, V.M.1    Phillips, T.M.2    Hsia, J.3
  • 147
    • 0034456409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of hormone replacement therapy and raloxifene on C-reactive protein and homocysteine in healthy postmenopausal women; a randomized, controlled trial
    • Walsh BW, Paul S, Wild RA, et al. The effects of hormone replacement therapy and raloxifene on C-reactive protein and homocysteine in healthy postmenopausal women; a randomized, controlled trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000;85:214-18
    • (2000) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.85 , pp. 214-218
    • Walsh, B.W.1    Paul, S.2    Wild, R.A.3
  • 148
    • 0034933193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous combined hormone replacement therapy with oral 17 beta-estradiol and norethisterone acetate improves homocysteine metabolism in postmenopausal women
    • Ventura P, Cagnacci A, Malmusi S, et al. Continuous combined hormone replacement therapy with oral 17 beta-estradiol and norethisterone acetate improves homocysteine metabolism in postmenopausal women. Menopause 2001;8:252-8
    • (2001) Menopause , vol.8 , pp. 252-258
    • Ventura, P.1    Cagnacci, A.2    Malmusi, S.3
  • 149
    • 0034808668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of hormone replacement therapy on serum homocysteine levels in perimenopausal women: A randomized controlled trial
    • Hak AE, Bak AA, Lindemans J, et al. The effect of hormone replacement therapy on serum homocysteine levels in perimenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial. Atherosclerosis 2001;158:437-43
    • (2001) Atherosclerosis , vol.158 , pp. 437-443
    • Hak, A.E.1    Bak, A.A.2    Lindemans, J.3
  • 150
    • 0036179337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of hormone replacement therapy and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism on plasma folate and homocysteine levels in postmenopausal Japanese women
    • Somekawa Y, Kobayashi K, Tomura S, et al. Effects of hormone replacement therapy and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism on plasma folate and homocysteine levels in postmenopausal Japanese women. Fertil Steril 2002;77:481-6
    • (2002) Fertil Steril , vol.77 , pp. 481-486
    • Somekawa, Y.1    Kobayashi, K.2    Tomura, S.3
  • 151
    • 0036152779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of hormone replacement therapy on plasma homocysteine and C-reactive protein levels
    • Yildirir A, Aybar F, Tokgozoglu L, et al. Effects of hormone replacement therapy on plasma homocysteine and C-reactive protein levels. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2002;53:54-8
    • (2002) Gynecol Obstet Invest , vol.53 , pp. 54-58
    • Yildirir, A.1    Aybar, F.2    Tokgozoglu, L.3
  • 152
    • 0037176785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 2-year, randomized, comparative, placebo-controlled study on the effects of raloxifene on lipoprotein(a) and homocysteine
    • Smolders RGV, Vogelvang TE, Mijatovic V, et al. A 2-year, randomized, comparative, placebo-controlled study on the effects of raloxifene on lipoprotein(a) and homocysteine. Maturitas 2002;41:105-14
    • (2002) Maturitas , vol.41 , pp. 105-114
    • Smolders, R.G.V.1    Vogelvang, T.E.2    Mijatovic, V.3
  • 153
    • 0023265766 scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular mortality and noncontraceptive use of estrogen in women: Results from the Lipid Research Clinics Program Follow-up Study
    • Bush TL, Barrett-Connor E, Cowan LD, et al. Cardiovascular mortality and noncontraceptive use of estrogen in women: results from the Lipid Research Clinics Program Follow-up Study. Circulation 1987;75:1102-9
    • (1987) Circulation , vol.75 , pp. 1102-1109
    • Bush, T.L.1    Barrett-Connor, E.2    Cowan, L.D.3
  • 154
    • 0029759025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postmenopausal estrogen and progestin use and the risk of cardiovascular disease
    • Grodstein F, Stampfer MJ, Manson JE, et al. Postmenopausal estrogen and progestin use and the risk of cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med 1996;335:453-61
    • (1996) N Engl J Med , vol.335 , pp. 453-461
    • Grodstein, F.1    Stampfer, M.J.2    Manson, J.E.3
  • 155
    • 0031866317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormone replacement therapy, heart disease, and other considerations
    • Barrett-Connor E, Grady D. Hormone replacement therapy, heart disease, and other considerations. Annu Rev Public Health 1998;19:55-72
    • (1998) Annu Rev Public Health , vol.19 , pp. 55-72
    • Barrett-Connor, E.1    Grady, D.2
  • 156
    • 0032481152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Folate and vitamin B6 from diet and supplements in relation to risk of coronary heart disease among women
    • Rimm EB, Willett WC, Hu FB, et al. Folate and vitamin B6 from diet and supplements in relation to risk of coronary heart disease among women. J Am Med Assoc 1998;279:359-64
    • (1998) J Am Med Assoc , vol.279 , pp. 359-364
    • Rimm, E.B.1    Willett, W.C.2    Hu, F.B.3
  • 157
    • 0013327427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamins and progression of atherosclerosis in hyperhomocyst(e)inaemia
    • Peterson JC, Spence JD. Vitamins and progression of atherosclerosis in hyperhomocyst(e)inaemia. Lancet 1998;351:263
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.351 , pp. 263
    • Peterson, J.C.1    Spence, J.D.2
  • 158
    • 0034639639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of homocysteine-lowering treatment with folic acid plus vitamin B6 on progression of sub-clinical atherosclerosis: A randomised, placebo-controlled trial
    • Vermeulen EG, Stehouwer CDA, Twisk JW, et al. Effect of homocysteine-lowering treatment with folic acid plus vitamin B6 on progression of sub-clinical atherosclerosis: a randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2000;355:517-22
    • (2000) Lancet , vol.355 , pp. 517-522
    • Vermeulen, E.G.1    Stehouwer, C.D.A.2    Twisk, J.W.3
  • 159
    • 0019447367 scopus 로고
    • Methylation of chromosomal proteins and DNA of rat brain and its modulation by estradiol and calcium during aging
    • Thakur MK, Kanungo MS. Methylation of chromosomal proteins and DNA of rat brain and its modulation by estradiol and calcium during aging. Exp Gerontol 1981;16:331-6
    • (1981) Exp Gerontol , vol.16 , pp. 331-336
    • Thakur, M.K.1    Kanungo, M.S.2
  • 160
    • 0019957879 scopus 로고
    • Estrogen induces a demethylation at the 5′ end region of the chicken vitellogenin gene
    • Wilks AF, Cozens PJ, Mattaj IW, et al. Estrogen induces a demethylation at the 5′ end region of the chicken vitellogenin gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1982;79:4252-5
    • (1982) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.79 , pp. 4252-4255
    • Wilks, A.F.1    Cozens, P.J.2    Mattaj, I.W.3
  • 161
    • 0021770264 scopus 로고
    • An estrogen-dependent demethylation at the 5′ end of the chicken vitellogenin gene is independent of DNA synthesis
    • Wilks A, Seldran M, Jost JP. An estrogen-dependent demethylation at the 5′ end of the chicken vitellogenin gene is independent of DNA synthesis. Nucleic Acids Res 1984;12:1163-77
    • (1984) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.12 , pp. 1163-1177
    • Wilks, A.1    Seldran, M.2    Jost, J.P.3
  • 162
    • 0023899395 scopus 로고
    • Hypomethylation of DNA in estrogen-induced and -dependent hamster kidney tumors
    • Lu LJ, Liehr JG, Sirbasku DA, et al. Hypomethylation of DNA in estrogen-induced and -dependent hamster kidney tumors. Carcinogenesis 1988;9:925-9
    • (1988) Carcinogenesis , vol.9 , pp. 925-929
    • Lu, L.J.1    Liehr, J.G.2    Sirbasku, D.A.3
  • 163
    • 0026906383 scopus 로고
    • Methylation of DNA and its modulation by estrogen in the uterus of aging rats
    • Thakur MK, Kaur J. Methylation of DNA and its modulation by estrogen in the uterus of aging rats. Cell Mol Biol 1992;38:525-32
    • (1992) Cell Mol Biol , vol.38 , pp. 525-532
    • Thakur, M.K.1    Kaur, J.2
  • 164
    • 0030817594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental exposure to diethylstilbestrol elicits demethylation of estrogen-responsive lactoferrin gene in mouse uterus
    • Li S, Washburn KA, Moore R, et al. Developmental exposure to diethylstilbestrol elicits demethylation of estrogen-responsive lactoferrin gene in mouse uterus. Cancer Res 1997;57:4356-9
    • (1997) Cancer Res , vol.57 , pp. 4356-4359
    • Li, S.1    Washburn, K.A.2    Moore, R.3
  • 166
    • 0033638421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Failure of the combination of sequential oral and transdermal estradiol plus norethisterone acetate to affect plasma homocysteine levels
    • Evio S, Tiitinen A, Turpeinen U, et al. Failure of the combination of sequential oral and transdermal estradiol plus norethisterone acetate to affect plasma homocysteine levels. Fertil Steril 2000;74:1080-3
    • (2000) Fertil Steril , vol.74 , pp. 1080-1083
    • Evio, S.1    Tiitinen, A.2    Turpeinen, U.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.