메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 49, Issue 3, 2003, Pages 671-683

Mapping of the Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistance gene 5′-upstream region, and evidence of induction of transcript levels by antimalarial drugs in chloroquine sensitive parasites

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIMALARIAL AGENT; CHLOROQUINE; MEFLOQUINE; MULTIDRUG RESISTANCE PROTEIN; PYRIMETHAMINE; QUININE;

EID: 0042665904     PISSN: 0950382X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03597.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (43)

References (58)
  • 1
    • 0031724298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular epidemiology of malaria in Yaounde, Cameroon. III. Analysis of chloroquine resistance and point mutations in the multidrug resistance 1 (pfmdr 1) gene of Plasmodium falciparum
    • Basco, L.K., and Ringwald, P. (1998) Molecular epidemiology of malaria in Yaounde, Cameroon. III. Analysis of chloroquine resistance and point mutations in the multidrug resistance 1 (pfmdr 1) gene of Plasmodium falciparum. Am J Trop Med Hyg 59: 577-581.
    • (1998) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.59 , pp. 577-581
    • Basco, L.K.1    Ringwald, P.2
  • 2
    • 0035876910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the key pfcrt point mutation and in vitro and in vivo response to chloroquine in Yaounde, Cameroon
    • Basco, L.K., and Ringwald, P. (2001) Analysis of the key pfcrt point mutation and in vitro and in vivo response to chloroquine in Yaounde, Cameroon. J Infect Dis 183: 1828-1831.
    • (2001) J Infect Dis , vol.183 , pp. 1828-1831
    • Basco, L.K.1    Ringwald, P.2
  • 3
    • 0035873088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequence polymorphisms in pfcrt are strongly associated with chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum
    • Chert, N., Russell, B., Staley, J., Kotecka, B., Nasveld, P., and Cheng, Q. (2001) Sequence polymorphisms in pfcrt are strongly associated with chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum. J Infect Dis 183: 1543-1545.
    • (2001) J Infect Dis , vol.183 , pp. 1543-1545
    • Chert, N.1    Russell, B.2    Staley, J.3    Kotecka, B.4    Nasveld, P.5    Cheng, Q.6
  • 4
    • 0036467783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levels of chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum are determined by loci other than pfcrt and pfmdr1
    • Chen, N., Russell, B., Fowler, E., Peters, J., and Cheng, Q. (2002) Levels of chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum are determined by loci other than pfcrt and pfmdr1. J Infect Dis 185; 405-407.
    • (2002) J Infect Dis , vol.185 , pp. 405-407
    • Chen, N.1    Russell, B.2    Fowler, E.3    Peters, J.4    Cheng, Q.5
  • 6
    • 0027549344 scopus 로고
    • Drug resistance and the P-glycoprotein homologues of Plasmodium falciparum
    • Cowman, A.F., and Karcz, S. (1993) Drug resistance and the P-glycoprotein homologues of Plasmodium falciparum. Semin Cell Biol 4: 29-35.
    • (1993) Semin Cell Biol , vol.4 , pp. 29-35
    • Cowman, A.F.1    Karcz, S.2
  • 7
    • 0025786518 scopus 로고
    • A P-glycoprotein homologue of Plasmodium falciparum is localized on the digestive vacuole
    • Cowman, A.F., Karcz, S., Galatis, D., and Culvenor, J.G. (1991) A P-glycoprotein homologue of Plasmodium falciparum is localized on the digestive vacuole. J Cell Biol 113: 1033-1042.
    • (1991) J Cell Biol , vol.113 , pp. 1033-1042
    • Cowman, A.F.1    Karcz, S.2    Galatis, D.3    Culvenor, J.G.4
  • 8
    • 0029097044 scopus 로고
    • Plasmodium falciparum: Detection of P-glycoprotein in chloroquine- susceptible and chloroquine-resistant clones and isolates
    • Cremer, G., Basco, L.K., Le Bras, J., Camus, D., and Slomianny, C. (1995) Plasmodium falciparum: detection of P-glycoprotein in chloroquine- susceptible and chloroquine-resistant clones and isolates. Exp Parasitol 81: 1-8.
    • (1995) Exp Parasitol , vol.81 , pp. 1-8
    • Cremer, G.1    Basco, L.K.2    Le Bras, J.3    Camus, D.4    Slomianny, C.5
  • 9
    • 0032939607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolation and functional characterization of two distinct sexual-stage- specific promoters of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum
    • Dechering, K.J., Kaan, A.M., Mbacham, W., Wirth, D.F., Eling, W., Konings, R.N., and Stunnenberg, H.G. (1999) Isolation and functional characterization of two distinct sexual-stage- specific promoters of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Mol Cell Biol 19: 967-978.
    • (1999) Mol Cell Biol , vol.19 , pp. 967-978
    • Dechering, K.J.1    Kaan, A.M.2    Mbacham, W.3    Wirth, D.F.4    Eling, W.5    Konings, R.N.6    Stunnenberg, H.G.7
  • 10
    • 0018606732 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative assessment of antimalarial activity in vitro by a semiautomated microdilution technique
    • Desjardins, R.E., Canfield, C.J., Haynes, J.D., and Chulay, J.D. (1979) Quantitative assessment of antimalarial activity in vitro by a semiautomated microdilution technique. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 16: 710-718.
    • (1979) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.16 , pp. 710-718
    • Desjardins, R.E.1    Canfield, C.J.2    Haynes, J.D.3    Chulay, J.D.4
  • 11
    • 0026742224 scopus 로고
    • Parameters that influence processive synthesis and site-specific termination by human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase on RNA and DNA templates
    • DeStefano, J.J., Buiser, R.G., Mallaber, L.M., Fay, P.J., and Bambara, R.A. (1992) Parameters that influence processive synthesis and site-specific termination by human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase on RNA and DNA templates. Biochim Biophys Acta 1131: 270-280.
    • (1992) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1131 , pp. 270-280
    • DeStefano, J.J.1    Buiser, R.G.2    Mallaber, L.M.3    Fay, P.J.4    Bambara, R.A.5
  • 13
    • 0035946415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of pfcrt point mutations and chloroquine susceptibility in isolates of Plasmodium falciparum
    • Durand, R., Jafari, S., Vauzelle, J., Delabre, J.F., Jesic, Z., and Le Bras, J. (2001) Analysis of pfcrt point mutations and chloroquine susceptibility in isolates of Plasmodium falciparum. Mol Biochem Parasitol 114: 95-102.
    • (2001) Mol Biochem Parasitol , vol.114 , pp. 95-102
    • Durand, R.1    Jafari, S.2    Vauzelle, J.3    Delabre, J.F.4    Jesic, Z.5    Le Bras, J.6
  • 14
    • 0027473406 scopus 로고
    • Transcripts of the multidrug resistance genes in chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum
    • Ekong, R.M., Robson, K.J., Baker, D.A., and Warhurst, D.C. (1993) Transcripts of the multidrug resistance genes in chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum. Parasitology 106: 107-115.
    • (1993) Parasitology , vol.106 , pp. 107-115
    • Ekong, R.M.1    Robson, K.J.2    Baker, D.A.3    Warhurst, D.C.4
  • 15
    • 0030916246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Up-regulation of P-glycoprotein expression in rat liver cells by acute doxorubicin treatment
    • Fardel, O., Lecureur, V., Daval, S., Corlu, A., and Guillouzo, A. (1997) Up-regulation of P-glycoprotein expression in rat liver cells by acute doxorubicin treatment. Eur J Biochem 246: 186-192.
    • (1997) Eur J Biochem , vol.246 , pp. 186-192
    • Fardel, O.1    Lecureur, V.2    Daval, S.3    Corlu, A.4    Guillouzo, A.5
  • 16
    • 0037022006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response to antiretroviral treatment in HIV-1-infected individuals with allelic variants of the multidrug resistance transporter 1: A pharmacogenetics study
    • Fellay, J., Marzolini, C., Meaden, E.R., Back, D.J., Buclin, T., Chave, J.P., et al. (2002) Response to antiretroviral treatment in HIV-1-infected individuals with allelic variants of the multidrug resistance transporter 1: a pharmacogenetics study. Lancet 359: 30-36.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.359 , pp. 30-36
    • Fellay, J.1    Marzolini, C.2    Meaden, E.R.3    Back, D.J.4    Buclin, T.5    Chave, J.P.6
  • 17
    • 0033636607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutations in the P. falciparum digestive vacuole transmembrane protein PfCRT and evidence for their role in chloroquine resistance
    • Fidock, D.A., Nomura, T., Talley, A.K., Cooper, R.A., Dzekunov, S.M., Ferdig, M.T., et al. (2000) Mutations in the P. falciparum digestive vacuole transmembrane protein PfCRT and evidence for their role in chloroquine resistance. Mol Cell 6: 861-871.
    • (2000) Mol Cell , vol.6 , pp. 861-871
    • Fidock, D.A.1    Nomura, T.2    Talley, A.K.3    Cooper, R.A.4    Dzekunov, S.M.5    Ferdig, M.T.6
  • 18
    • 0031847073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quinoline antimalarials: Mechanisms of action and resistance and prospects for new agents
    • Foley, M., and Tilley, L. (1998) Quinoline antimalarials: mechanisms of action and resistance and prospects for new agents. Pharmacol Ther 79: 55-87.
    • (1998) Pharmacol Ther , vol.79 , pp. 55-87
    • Foley, M.1    Tilley, L.2
  • 19
    • 0024338609 scopus 로고
    • Amplification of the multidrug resistance gene in some chloroquine-resistant isolates of P. falciparum
    • Foote, S.J., Thompson, J.K., Cowman, A.F., and Kemp, D.J. (1989) Amplification of the multidrug resistance gene in some chloroquine-resistant isolates of P. falciparum. Cell 57: 921-930.
    • (1989) Cell , vol.57 , pp. 921-930
    • Foote, S.J.1    Thompson, J.K.2    Cowman, A.F.3    Kemp, D.J.4
  • 20
    • 0025269612 scopus 로고
    • Several alleles of the multidrug-resistance gene are closely linked to chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum
    • Foote, S.J., Kyle, D.E., Martin, R.K., Oduola, A.M., Forsyth, K., Kemp, D.J., and Cowman, A.F. (1990) Several alleles of the multidrug-resistance gene are closely linked to chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum. Nature 345: 255-258.
    • (1990) Nature , vol.345 , pp. 255-258
    • Foote, S.J.1    Kyle, D.E.2    Martin, R.K.3    Oduola, A.M.4    Forsyth, K.5    Kemp, D.J.6    Cowman, A.F.7
  • 21
    • 0021029671 scopus 로고
    • An in vitro assay system for the identification of potential antimalarial drugs
    • Geary, T.G., Divo, A.A., and Jensen, J.B. (1983) An in vitro assay system for the identification of potential antimalarial drugs. J Parasitol 69: 577-583.
    • (1983) J Parasitol , vol.69 , pp. 577-583
    • Geary, T.G.1    Divo, A.A.2    Jensen, J.B.3
  • 23
    • 0032528327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pausing of reverse transcriptase on retroviral RNA templates is influenced by secondary structures both 5Π and 3Π of the catalytic site
    • Harrison, G.P., Mayo, M.S., Hunter, E., and Lever, A.M. (1998) Pausing of reverse transcriptase on retroviral RNA templates is influenced by secondary structures both 5Π and 3Π of the catalytic site. Nucleic Acids Res 26: 3433-3442.
    • (1998) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.26 , pp. 3433-3442
    • Harrison, G.P.1    Mayo, M.S.2    Hunter, E.3    Lever, A.M.4
  • 24
    • 0032856116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antagonism of azole activity against Candida albicans following induction of multidrug resistance genes by selected antimicrobial agents
    • Henry, K.W., Cruz, M.C., Katiyar, S.K., and Edlind, T.D. (1999) Antagonism of azole activity against Candida albicans following induction of multidrug resistance genes by selected antimicrobial agents. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 43: 1968-1974.
    • (1999) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.43 , pp. 1968-1974
    • Henry, K.W.1    Cruz, M.C.2    Katiyar, S.K.3    Edlind, T.D.4
  • 25
    • 0032580438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induced expression of the Candida albicans multidrug resistance gene CDR1 in response to fluconazole and other antifungals
    • Hernaez, M.L., Gil, C., Pla, J., and Nombela, C. (1998) Induced expression of the Candida albicans multidrug resistance gene CDR1 in response to fluconazole and other antifungals. Yeast 14: 517-526.
    • (1998) Yeast , vol.14 , pp. 517-526
    • Hernaez, M.L.1    Gil, C.2    Pla, J.3    Nombela, C.4
  • 26
    • 0033525726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutational analysis identifies a five base pair cis-acting sequence essential for GBP130 promoter activity in Plasmodium falciparum
    • Horrocks, P., and Lanzer, M. (1999) Mutational analysis identifies a five base pair cis-acting sequence essential for GBP130 promoter activity in Plasmodium falciparum. Mol Biochem Parasitol 99: 77-87.
    • (1999) Mol Biochem Parasitol , vol.99 , pp. 77-87
    • Horrocks, P.1    Lanzer, M.2
  • 27
    • 0032531316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control of gene expression in Plasmodium falciparum
    • Horrocks, P., Dechering, K., and Lanzer, M. (1998) Control of gene expression in Plasmodium falciparum. Mol Biochem Parasitol 95: 171-181.
    • (1998) Mol Biochem Parasitol , vol.95 , pp. 171-181
    • Horrocks, P.1    Dechering, K.2    Lanzer, M.3
  • 28
    • 0035958776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • P-Glycoprotein and transporter MRP1 reduce HIV protease inhibitor uptake in CD4 cells: Potential for accelerated viral drug resistance?
    • Jones, K., Bray, P.G., Khoo, S.H., Davey, R.A., Meaden, E.R., Ward, S.A., and Back, D.J. (2001) P-Glycoprotein and transporter MRP1 reduce HIV protease inhibitor uptake in CD4 cells: potential for accelerated viral drug resistance? Aids 15: 1353-1358.
    • (2001) Aids , vol.15 , pp. 1353-1358
    • Jones, K.1    Bray, P.G.2    Khoo, S.H.3    Davey, R.A.4    Meaden, E.R.5    Ward, S.A.6    Back, D.J.7
  • 29
    • 0032979731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of gene expression revealed by comparison of serial analysis of gene expression transcript profiles from yeast grown on two different carbon sources
    • Kal, A.J., van Zonneveld, A.J., Benes, V., van den Berg, M., Koerkamp, M.G., Albermann, K., et al. (1999) Dynamics of gene expression revealed by comparison of serial analysis of gene expression transcript profiles from yeast grown on two different carbon sources. Mol Biol Cell 10: 1859-1872.
    • (1999) Mol Biol Cell , vol.10 , pp. 1859-1872
    • Kal, A.J.1    Van Zonneveld, A.J.2    Benes, V.3    Van Den Berg, M.4    Koerkamp, M.G.5    Albermann, K.6
  • 30
    • 0018704491 scopus 로고
    • Synchronization of Plasmodium falciparum erythrocytic stages in culture
    • Lambros, C., and Vanderberg, J.P. (1979) Synchronization of Plasmodium falciparum erythrocytic stages in culture. J Parasitol 65: 418-420.
    • (1979) J Parasitol , vol.65 , pp. 418-420
    • Lambros, C.1    Vanderberg, J.P.2
  • 31
    • 0026683042 scopus 로고
    • A sequence element associated with the Plasmodium falciparum KAHRP gene is the site of developmentally regulated protein-DNA interactions
    • Lanzer, M., de Bruin, D., and Ravetch, J.V. (1992) A sequence element associated with the Plasmodium falciparum KAHRP gene is the site of developmentally regulated protein-DNA interactions. Nucleic Acids Res 20: 3051-3056.
    • (1992) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.20 , pp. 3051-3056
    • Lanzer, M.1    De Bruin, D.2    Ravetch, J.V.3
  • 32
    • 0035122209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of P-glycoprotein mRNA transcripts by cycloheximide in animal tissues: Evidence that class I Pgp is transcriptionally regulated whereas class II Pgp is post-transcriptionally regulated
    • Lee, C.H. (2001) Induction of P-glycoprotein mRNA transcripts by cycloheximide in animal tissues: evidence that class I Pgp is transcriptionally regulated whereas class II Pgp is post-transcriptionally regulated. Mol Cell Biochem 216: 103-110.
    • (2001) Mol Cell Biochem , vol.216 , pp. 103-110
    • Lee, C.H.1
  • 33
    • 0032784122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two mutations in the multidrug-resistance gene homologue of Plasmodium falciparum, pfmdr1, are not useful predictors of in-vivo or in-vitro chloroquine resistance in southern Africa
    • McCutcheon, K.R., Freese, J.A., Frean, J.A., Sharp, B.L., and Markus, M.B. (1999) Two mutations in the multidrug-resistance gene homologue of Plasmodium falciparum, pfmdr1, are not useful predictors of in-vivo or in-vitro chloroquine resistance in southern Africa. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 93: 300-302.
    • (1999) Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg , vol.93 , pp. 300-302
    • McCutcheon, K.R.1    Freese, J.A.2    Frean, J.A.3    Sharp, B.L.4    Markus, M.B.5
  • 34
    • 0037220073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new reporter gene for transient transfection of Plasmodium falciparum
    • Militello, K.T., and Wirth, D.F. (2003) A new reporter gene for transient transfection of Plasmodium falciparum. Parasitol Res 89: 154-157.
    • (2003) Parasitol Res , vol.89 , pp. 154-157
    • Militello, K.T.1    Wirth, D.F.2
  • 35
    • 0035091538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) in Plasmodium falciparum: Application of the technique to A-T rich genomes
    • Munasinghe, A., Patankar, S., Cook, B.P., Madden, S.L., Martin, R.K., Kyle, D.E., et al. (2001) Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) in Plasmodium falciparum: application of the technique to A-T rich genomes. Mol Biochem Parasitol 113: 23-34.
    • (2001) Mol Biochem Parasitol , vol.113 , pp. 23-34
    • Munasinghe, A.1    Patankar, S.2    Cook, B.P.3    Madden, S.L.4    Martin, R.K.5    Kyle, D.E.6
  • 36
    • 0037197768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 24 bp cis-acting element essential for the transcriptional activity of Plasmodium falciparum CDP-diacylglycerol synthase gene promoter
    • Osta, M., Gannoun-Zaki, L., Bonnefoy, S., Roy, C., and Vial, H.J. (2002) A 24 bp cis-acting element essential for the transcriptional activity of Plasmodium falciparum CDP-diacylglycerol synthase gene promoter. Mol Biochem Parasitol 121: 87-98.
    • (2002) Mol Biochem Parasitol , vol.121 , pp. 87-98
    • Osta, M.1    Gannoun-Zaki, L.2    Bonnefoy, S.3    Roy, C.4    Vial, H.J.5
  • 37
    • 0035171634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serial analysis of gene expression in Plasmodium falciparum reveals the global expression profile of erythrocytic stages and the presence of anti-sense transcripts in the malarial parasite
    • Patankar, S., Munasinghe, A., Shoaibi, A., Cummings, L.M., and Wirth, D.F. (2001) Serial analysis of gene expression in Plasmodium falciparum reveals the global expression profile of erythrocytic stages and the presence of anti-sense transcripts in the malarial parasite. Mol Biol Cell 12: 3114-3125.
    • (2001) Mol Biol Cell , vol.12 , pp. 3114-3125
    • Patankar, S.1    Munasinghe, A.2    Shoaibi, A.3    Cummings, L.M.4    Wirth, D.F.5
  • 38
    • 0033946706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of P-glycoprotein expression by HIV protease inhibitors in cell culture
    • Perloff, M.D., von Moltke, L.L., Fahey, J.M., Daily, J.P., and Greenblatt, D.J. (2000) Induction of P-glycoprotein expression by HIV protease inhibitors in cell culture. Aids 14: 1287-1289.
    • (2000) Aids , vol.14 , pp. 1287-1289
    • Perloff, M.D.1    Von Moltke, L.L.2    Fahey, J.M.3    Daily, J.P.4    Greenblatt, D.J.5
  • 39
    • 0030021215 scopus 로고
    • Molecular approaches to the spreading problem of drug resistant malaria
    • Plowe, C.V., and Wellems, T.E. (1995) Molecular approaches to the spreading problem of drug resistant malaria. Adv Exp Meal Biol 390: 197-209.
    • (1995) Adv Exp Meal Biol , vol.390 , pp. 197-209
    • Plowe, C.V.1    Wellems, T.E.2
  • 40
    • 0034982534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The DNA polymerase delta promoter from Plasmodium falciparum contains an unusually long 5Π untranslated region and intrinsic DNA curvature
    • Porter, M.E. (2001) The DNA polymerase delta promoter from Plasmodium falciparum contains an unusually long 5Π untranslated region and intrinsic DNA curvature. Mol Biochem Parasitol 114: 249-255.
    • (2001) Mol Biochem Parasitol , vol.114 , pp. 249-255
    • Porter, M.E.1
  • 41
    • 0036076810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive and negative effects of deletions and mutations within the 5Π flanking sequences of Plasmodium falciparum DNA polymerase detta
    • Porter, M.E. (2002) Positive and negative effects of deletions and mutations within the 5Π flanking sequences of Plasmodium falciparum DNA polymerase detta. Mol Biochem Parasitol 122: 9-19.
    • (2002) Mol Biochem Parasitol , vol.122 , pp. 9-19
    • Porter, M.E.1
  • 42
    • 0034708162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pgh1 modulates sensitivity and resistance to multiple antimalarials in Plasmodium falciparum
    • Reed, M.B., Satiba, K.J., Caruana, S.R., Kirk, K., and Cowman, A.F. (2000) Pgh1 modulates sensitivity and resistance to multiple antimalarials in Plasmodium falciparum. Nature 403: 906-909.
    • (2000) Nature , vol.403 , pp. 906-909
    • Reed, M.B.1    Satiba, K.J.2    Caruana, S.R.3    Kirk, K.4    Cowman, A.F.5
  • 43
    • 0021797892 scopus 로고
    • Amplification of P-glycoprotein genes in multidrug-resistant mammalian cell lines
    • Riordan, J.R., Deuchars, K., Kartner, N., Alon, N., Trent, J., and Ling, V. (1985) Amplification of P-glycoprotein genes in multidrug-resistant mammalian cell lines. Nature 316: 817-819.
    • (1985) Nature , vol.316 , pp. 817-819
    • Riordan, J.R.1    Deuchars, K.2    Kartner, N.3    Alon, N.4    Trent, J.5    Ling, V.6
  • 44
    • 0344562886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specific requirements for PCR amplification of long mitochondrial A+T-rich DNA
    • Rondan Duenas, J.C., Panzetta-Dutad, G.M., and Gardenal, C.N. (1999) Specific requirements for PCR amplification of long mitochondrial A+T-rich DNA. Biotechniques 27: 258-260.
    • (1999) Biotechniques , vol.27 , pp. 258-260
    • Rondan Duenas, J.C.1    Panzetta-Dutad, G.M.2    Gardenal, C.N.3
  • 46
    • 0004136246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
    • Sambrook, J.R., and Russel, D.W. (eds) (2001) Molecular Cloning. Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.
    • (2001) Molecular Cloning
    • Sambrook, J.R.1    Russel, D.W.2
  • 47
    • 0037020024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites conferred by pfcrt mutations
    • Sidhu, A.B., Verdier-Pinard, D., and Fidock, D.A. (2002) Chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites conferred by pfcrt mutations. Science 298: 210-213.
    • (2002) Science , vol.298 , pp. 210-213
    • Sidhu, A.B.1    Verdier-Pinard, D.2    Fidock, D.A.3
  • 48
    • 0035665965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discovering patterns in Plasmodium falciparum genomic DNA
    • Stern, L., Allison, L., Coppel, R.L., and Dix, T.I. (2001) Discovering patterns in Plasmodium falciparum genomic DNA. Mol Biochem Parasitol 118: 175-186.
    • (2001) Mol Biochem Parasitol , vol.118 , pp. 175-186
    • Stern, L.1    Allison, L.2    Coppel, R.L.3    Dix, T.I.4
  • 49
    • 0035174389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PlasmoDB: An integrative database of the Plasmodium falciparum genome. Tools for accessing and analyzing finished and unfinished sequence data
    • The Plasmodium Genome Database Collaborative (2001) PlasmoDB: An integrative database of the Plasmodium falciparum genome. Tools for accessing and analyzing finished and unfinished sequence data. Nucleic Acids Res 29: 66-69.
    • (2001) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.29 , pp. 66-69
  • 50
    • 0017311840 scopus 로고
    • Human malaria parasites in continuous culture
    • Trager, W., and Jensen, J.B. (1976) Human malaria parasites in continuous culture. Science 193: 673-675.
    • (1976) Science , vol.193 , pp. 673-675
    • Trager, W.1    Jensen, J.B.2
  • 51
    • 0026048108 scopus 로고
    • Amplification of the multidrug resistance gene pfmdr1 in Plasmodium falciparum has arisen as multiple independent events
    • Triglia, T., Foote, S.J., Kemp, D.J., and Cowman, A.F. (1991) Amplification of the multidrug resistance gene pfmdr1 in Plasmodium falciparum has arisen as multiple independent events. Mol Cell Biol 11: 5244-5250.
    • (1991) Mol Cell Biol , vol.11 , pp. 5244-5250
    • Triglia, T.1    Foote, S.J.2    Kemp, D.J.3    Cowman, A.F.4
  • 52
    • 0022610102 scopus 로고
    • Overexpression and amplification of five genes in a multidrug-resistant Chinese hamster ovary cell line
    • Van der Bliek, A.M., Van der Vetde-Koerts, T., Ling, V., and Borst, P. (1986) Overexpression and amplification of five genes in a multidrug-resistant Chinese hamster ovary cell line. Mol Cell Biol 6: 1671-1678.
    • (1986) Mol Cell Biol , vol.6 , pp. 1671-1678
    • Van Der Bliek, A.M.1    Van Der Vetde-Koerts, T.2    Ling, V.3    Borst, P.4
  • 54
    • 0027393933 scopus 로고
    • Functionat complementation of the ste6 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with the pfmdr1 gene of Plasmodium falciparum
    • Volkman, S.K., Wilson, C.M., and Wirth, D.F. (1993) Functionat complementation of the ste6 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with the pfmdr1 gene of Plasmodium falciparum. Mol Biochem Parasitol 57: 203-211.
    • (1993) Mol Biochem Parasitol , vol.57 , pp. 203-211
    • Volkman, S.K.1    Wilson, C.M.2    Wirth, D.F.3
  • 55
    • 0029047328 scopus 로고
    • Stage-specific transcripts of the Plasmodium falciparum pfmdr 1 gene
    • Volkman, S.K., Cowman, A.F., and Wirth, D.F. (1995) Stage-specific transcripts of the Plasmodium falciparum pfmdr 1 gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92: 8921-8925.
    • (1995) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.92 , pp. 8921-8925
    • Volkman, S.K.1    Cowman, A.F.2    Wirth, D.F.3
  • 56
    • 0042183661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geneva: World Health Organization
    • WHO (1998) WHO Fact Sheet on Malaria. Geneva: World Health Organization.
    • (1998) WHO Fact Sheet on Malaria
  • 57
    • 0024356582 scopus 로고
    • Amplification of a gene related to mammalian mdr genes in drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum
    • Wilson, C.M., Serrano, A.E., Wastey, A., Bogenschutz, M.P., Shankar, A.H., and Wirth, D.F. (1989) Amplification of a gene related to mammalian mdr genes in drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum. Science 244: 1184-1186.
    • (1989) Science , vol.244 , pp. 1184-1186
    • Wilson, C.M.1    Serrano, A.E.2    Wastey, A.3    Bogenschutz, M.P.4    Shankar, A.H.5    Wirth, D.F.6
  • 58
    • 0027339057 scopus 로고
    • Amplification of pfmdr 1 associated with mefloquine and halofantrine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum from Thailand
    • Wilson, C.M., Volkman, S.K., Thaithong, S., Martin, R.K., Kyle, D.E., Milhous, W.K., and Wirth, D.F. (1993) Amplification of pfmdr 1 associated with mefloquine and halofantrine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum from Thailand. Mol Biochem Parasitol 57: 151-160.
    • (1993) Mol Biochem Parasitol , vol.57 , pp. 151-160
    • Wilson, C.M.1    Volkman, S.K.2    Thaithong, S.3    Martin, R.K.4    Kyle, D.E.5    Milhous, W.K.6    Wirth, D.F.7


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.