메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 24, Issue 3-4, 2003, Pages 141-147

The role of the estrogen in neuroprotection: Implications for neurodegenerative diseases

Author keywords

17 estradiol; Alzheimer's disease; Estrogen cell surface receptors; Estrogen receptors; Free radicals; Microglia; Nitric oxide; Parkinson's disease; Schizophrenia

Indexed keywords

ESTROGEN; ESTROGEN RECEPTOR; NEUROTROPHIN; NITRIC OXIDE;

EID: 0041785440     PISSN: 0172780X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (32)

References (79)
  • 1
    • 0035180875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome and hormones: Gender differences in physiology invited review: Estrogen effects on the brain: Multiple sites and molecular mechanisms
    • McEwen B. Genome and Hormones: Gender Differences in Physiology Invited Review: Estrogen effects on the brain: multiple sites and molecular mechanisms. Journal of Applied Physiology 2001: 91:2785-2801.
    • (2001) Journal of Applied Physiology , vol.91 , pp. 2785-2801
    • McEwen, B.1
  • 3
    • 0031902295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alzheimer's disease: Etiologies, pathophysiology, cognitive reserve, and treatment opportunities
    • Cummings JL, Vinters HV, Cole GM, Khachaturian ZS. Alzheimer's disease: etiologies, pathophysiology, cognitive reserve, and treatment opportunities. Neurology 1998: S2-17.
    • (1998) Neurology
    • Cummings, J.L.1    Vinters, H.V.2    Cole, G.M.3    Khachaturian, Z.S.4
  • 4
    • 0037355232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The nongenomic protective effects of estrogen on the male cardiovascular system: Clinical and therapeutic implications in aging men
    • Cho JJ, Cadet P, Salamon E, Mantione K, Stefano GB. The nongenomic protective effects of estrogen on the male cardiovascular system: clinical and therapeutic implications in aging men. Med Sci Monit 2003: RA63-8.
    • (2003) Med. Sci. Monit.
    • Cho, J.J.1    Cadet, P.2    Salamon, E.3    Mantione, K.4    Stefano, G.B.5
  • 5
    • 0029924284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogens attenuate and corticosterone exacerbates excitotoxicity, oxidative injury, and amyloid beta-peptide toxicity in hippocampal neurons
    • Goodman Y, Bruce AJ, Cheng B, Mattson MP. Estrogens attenuate and corticosterone exacerbates excitotoxicity, oxidative injury, and amyloid beta-peptide toxicity in hippocampal neurons. J Neurochem 1996; 66:1836-1844.
    • (1996) J. Neurochem. , vol.66 , pp. 1836-1844
    • Goodman, Y.1    Bruce, A.J.2    Cheng, B.3    Mattson, M.P.4
  • 6
    • 0028971169 scopus 로고
    • 17-beta estradiol protects neurons from oxidative stress-induced cell death in vitro
    • Behl C, Widmann M, Trapp T, Holsboer F. 17-beta estradiol protects neurons from oxidative stress-induced cell death in vitro. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1995; 216:473-482.
    • (1995) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , vol.216 , pp. 473-482
    • Behl, C.1    Widmann, M.2    Trapp, T.3    Holsboer, F.4
  • 8
    • 0030756621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen decreases corpus striatal neurotoxicity in response to 6-hydroxydopamine
    • Dluzen D. Estrogen decreases corpus striatal neurotoxicity in response to 6-hydroxydopamine. Brain Res 1997; 767:340-344.
    • (1997) Brain Res. , vol.767 , pp. 340-344
    • Dluzen, D.1
  • 9
    • 0031724393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel, synergistic interaction between 17 beta estradiol and gutathione in the protection of neurons against β-amyloid 25-35-incuced toxicity in vitro
    • Gridley KE, Green PS, Simpkins J W. A novel, synergistic interaction between 17 beta estradiol and gutathione in the protection of neurons against β-amyloid 25-35-incuced toxicity in vitro. Mol Pharmacol 1998; 54:874-80.
    • (1998) Mol. Pharmacol. , vol.54 , pp. 874-880
    • Gridley, K.E.1    Green, P.S.2    Simpkins, J.W.3
  • 11
    • 85157235996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell localization, physiology, and nongenomic actions of estrogen receptors
    • J
    • Levin ER. Cell localization, physiology, and nongenomic actions of estrogen receptors. J
    • Levin, E.R.1
  • 12
    • 0032853929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen hits the surface
    • Collins, P, Webb C. Estrogen hits the surface. Nat Med 1999; 5:1130-31.
    • (1999) Nat. Med. , vol.5 , pp. 1130-1131
    • Collins, P.1    Webb, C.2
  • 13
    • 0031039888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the ligand binding specificity and transcript tissue distribution of estrogen receptors alpha and beta
    • Kuiper GG, Carlsson B, Grandien K, Enmark E, Haggblad J, Nilsson S, Gustafsson JA. Comparison of the ligand binding specificity and transcript tissue distribution of estrogen receptors alpha and beta. Endocrinology 1997; 138:863-70.
    • (1997) Endocrinology , vol.138 , pp. 863-870
    • Kuiper, G.G.1    Carlsson, B.2    Grandien, K.3    Enmark, E.4    Haggblad, J.5    Nilsson, S.6    Gustafsson, J.A.7
  • 14
    • 0020009581 scopus 로고
    • Gonadal steroid action on the brain: Neurochemistry and neuropharmacology
    • McEwen B, Parsons B. Gonadal steroid action on the brain: neurochemistry and neuropharmacology. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 1982; 22:555-598.
    • (1982) Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. , vol.22 , pp. 555-598
    • McEwen, B.1    Parsons, B.2
  • 15
    • 0025971070 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of estrogen receptor-immunoreactive cells in the forebrain of the female guinea pig
    • DonCarlos LL, Greene GL, Morrell JI. Distribution of estrogen receptor-immunoreactive cells in the forebrain of the female guinea pig. J Comp Neurol 1991; 305:591-612.
    • (1991) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.305 , pp. 591-612
    • DonCarlos, L.L.1    Greene, G.L.2    Morrell, J.I.3
  • 16
    • 0345580882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of estrogen receptor alpha and beat mRNA in the developing and adult mouse stratium
    • Küppers E, Beyer C. Expression of estrogen receptor alpha and beat mRNA in the developing and adult mouse stratium. Neurosci Letters 1999; 276:95-98.
    • (1999) Neurosci. Letters , vol.276 , pp. 95-98
    • Küppers, E.1    Beyer, C.2
  • 17
    • 0037457988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen receptor (ER)beta knockout mice reveal a role for ERbeta in migration of cortical neurons in the developing brain
    • Wang L et al. Estrogen receptor (ER)beta knockout mice reveal a role for ERbeta in migration of cortical neurons in the developing brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2003; 100(2):703-8.
    • (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. , vol.100 , Issue.2 , pp. 703-708
    • Wang, L.1
  • 18
    • 0030752456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen receptor alpha and beta form heterodimers on DNA
    • Cowley SM, Hoare S, Mosselman S, Parker MG. Estrogen receptor alpha and beta form heterodimers on DNA. J Biol Chem 1997; 272:19858-18862.
    • (1997) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.272 , pp. 19858-19862
    • Cowley, S.M.1    Hoare, S.2    Mosselman, S.3    Parker, M.G.4
  • 19
    • 0031791153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of estrogen receptor beta2, a functional variant of estrogen receptor beta expressed in normal rat tissues
    • Petersen DN, Tkalcevic GT, Koza-Taylor P, Turi. TG, Brown TA. Identification of estrogen receptor beta2, a functional variant of estrogen receptor beta expressed in normal rat tissues. Endocrinology 1998; 139:1082-1092.
    • (1998) Endocrinology , vol.139 , pp. 1082-1092
    • Petersen, D.N.1    Tkalcevic, G.T.2    Koza-Taylor, P.3    Turi, T.G.4    Brown, T.A.5
  • 20
    • 0032947720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional analysis of a novel estrogen receptor-beta isoforms
    • Hanstein B, Lilu H, Yaancisin MC, Brown M. Functional analysis of a novel estrogen receptor-beta isoforms. Mol. Endocirnol. 1999; 13:129-137.
    • (1999) Mol. Endocirnol. , vol.13 , pp. 129-137
    • Hanstein, B.1    Lilu, H.2    Yaancisin, M.C.3    Brown, M.4
  • 21
    • 0034629098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Truncated estrogen receptor TERP-1 modulates transcriptional activity by direct interactions with estrogen receptors α and β
    • Resnick EM, Schreihofer DA, Shupnik MA. Truncated estrogen receptor TERP-1 modulates transcriptional activity by direct interactions with estrogen receptors α and β. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:7158-7166.
    • (2000) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.275 , pp. 7158-7166
    • Resnick, E.M.1    Schreihofer, D.A.2    Shupnik, M.A.3
  • 22
    • 0034129679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steroid hormone receptors: An update
    • Beato M, Klug J. Steroid hormone receptors: an update. Hum Reprod Update 2000; 6:225-236.
    • (2000) Hum. Reprod. Update , vol.6 , pp. 225-236
    • Beato, M.1    Klug, J.2
  • 23
    • 0030925683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steroid receptor interactions with heat shock protein and immunophilin chaperones
    • Pratt WB, Toft DO. Steroid receptor interactions with heat shock protein and immunophilin chaperones. Endocr Rev 1997; 18: 306-360.
    • (1997) Endocr. Rev. , vol.18 , pp. 306-360
    • Pratt, W.B.1    Toft, D.O.2
  • 26
    • 0032034126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple potential regulatory elements in the 5′ flanking region of the human alpha 1a-adrenergic receptor
    • Lee K, Richardson CD, Razik MA, Kwatra MM, Schwinn DA. Multiple potential regulatory elements in the 5′ flanking region of the human alpha 1a-adrenergic receptor. DNA Seq 1998; 8:271-276.
    • (1998) DNA Seq. , vol.8 , pp. 271-276
    • Lee, K.1    Richardson, C.D.2    Razik, M.A.3    Kwatra, M.M.4    Schwinn, D.A.5
  • 27
    • 0028783420 scopus 로고
    • DNA binding of hypothalamic nuclear proteins on estrogen response element and preproenkephalin promoter: Modification by estrogen
    • Zhu YS, Pfaff DW. DNA binding of hypothalamic nuclear proteins on estrogen response element and preproenkephalin promoter: modification by estrogen. Neuroendocrinology 1995; 62:454-466.
    • (1995) Neuroendocrinology , vol.62 , pp. 454-466
    • Zhu, Y.S.1    Pfaff, D.W.2
  • 28
    • 0031731092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bidirectional transcription regulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein by estradiol in vivo and in vitro
    • Stone DJ, Song Y, Anderson CP, Krohn KK, Finch CE, Rozovsky I. Bidirectional transcription regulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein by estradiol in vivo and in vitro. Endocrinology 1998; 139:3202-3209.
    • (1998) Endocrinology , vol.139 , pp. 3202-3209
    • Stone, D.J.1    Song, Y.2    Anderson, C.P.3    Krohn, K.K.4    Finch, C.E.5    Rozovsky, I.6
  • 29
    • 0029157380 scopus 로고
    • Estrogen promotes chemotherapeutic drug resistance by a mechanism involving Bcl-2 proto-oncogene expression in human breast cancer cells
    • Teixeira C, Reed JC, Pratt MA. Estrogen promotes chemotherapeutic drug resistance by a mechanism involving Bcl-2 proto-oncogene expression in human breast cancer cells. Cancer Res 1995; 55:3902-3907.
    • (1995) Cancer Res. , vol.55 , pp. 3902-3907
    • Teixeira, C.1    Reed, J.C.2    Pratt, M.A.3
  • 30
    • 0001343810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bcl-2 promotes regeneration of severed axons in mammalian CNS
    • Chen DF, Schneider GE, Martinou JC, Tonegawa S. Bcl-2 promotes regeneration of severed axons in mammalian CNS. Nature 1997; 385:434-439.
    • (1997) Nature , vol.385 , pp. 434-439
    • Chen, D.F.1    Schneider, G.E.2    Martinou, J.C.3    Tonegawa, S.4
  • 31
    • 0033013372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors intrinsic to the neuron can induce and maintain its ability to promote axonal outgrowth: A role for BCL2?
    • Holm K, Isacson O. Factors intrinsic to the neuron can induce and maintain its ability to promote axonal outgrowth: a role for BCL2? Trends Neurosci 1999; 22:269-273.
    • (1999) Trends Neurosci. , vol.22 , pp. 269-273
    • Holm, K.1    Isacson, O.2
  • 33
    • 0032997908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen modulates neuronal Bcl-xL expression and beta-amyloid-induced apoptosis: Relevance to Alzheimer's disease
    • Pike CJ. Estrogen modulates neuronal Bcl-xL expression and beta-amyloid-induced apoptosis: relevance to Alzheimer's disease. J Neurochem 1999; 72:1552-1563.
    • (1999) J. Neurochem. , vol.72 , pp. 1552-1563
    • Pike, C.J.1
  • 34
    • 0033118665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway mediates estrogen neuroprotection after glutamate toxicity in primary cortical neurons
    • Singer CA, Figueroa-Masot XA, Batchelor RH, Dorsa DM. The mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway mediates estrogen neuroprotection after glutamate toxicity in primary cortical neurons. J Neurosci 1999; 19:2455-2463.
    • (1999) J. Neurosci. , vol.19 , pp. 2455-2463
    • Singer, C.A.1    Figueroa-Masot, X.A.2    Batchelor, R.H.3    Dorsa, D.M.4
  • 35
    • 0033120030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ligand-independent recruitment of SRC-1 to' estrogen receptor beta through phosphorylation of activation function AF-1
    • Tremblay A, Tremblay GB, Labrie F, Giguere V. Ligand-independent recruitment of SRC-1 to' estrogen receptor beta through phosphorylation of activation function AF-1. Mol Cell 1999; 3: 513-519.
    • (1999) Mol. Cell , vol.3 , pp. 513-519
    • Tremblay, A.1    Tremblay, G.B.2    Labrie, F.3    Giguere, V.4
  • 36
    • 0032401010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estradiol protects mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons from oxidative stress-induced neuronal death
    • Sawada H, Ibi M, Kihara T, Urushitani M, Akaike A, Shimohama S. Estradiol protects mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons from oxidative stress-induced neuronal death. J Neurosci Res 1998; 54:707-719.
    • (1998) J. Neurosci. Res. , vol.54 , pp. 707-719
    • Sawada, H.1    Ibi, M.2    Kihara, T.3    Urushitani, M.4    Akaike, A.5    Shimohama, S.6
  • 37
    • 0028918161 scopus 로고
    • The effect of ovariectomy and estradiol replacement on brain-derived neurotrophic factor messenger ribonucleic acid expression in cortical and hippocampal brain regions of female sprague dawley rats
    • Singh M, Meyer EM, Simpkins JW. The effect of ovariectomy and estradiol replacement on brain-derived neurotrophic factor messenger ribonucleic acid expression in cortical and hippocampal brain regions of female sprague dawley rats. Endocrinology 1995; 136:2320-2324.
    • (1995) Endocrinology , vol.136 , pp. 2320-2324
    • Singh, M.1    Meyer, E.M.2    Simpkins, J.W.3
  • 39
    • 0029917449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of estrogen action during neuronal development: Mediation by interactions with the neurotrophins and their receptors?
    • Toran-Allerand CO. Mechanisms of estrogen action during neuronal development: mediation by interactions with the neurotrophins and their receptors? J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1996; 56:169-178.
    • (1996) J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. , vol.56 , pp. 169-178
    • Toran-Allerand, C.O.1
  • 40
    • 0032745934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The female sex hormone oestrogen as a neuroprotectant
    • Behl C, Holsboer F. The female sex hormone oestrogen as a neuroprotectant. Trends Pharmacol Sci 1999; 20:441-444.
    • (1999) Trends Pharmacol. Sci. , vol.20 , pp. 441-444
    • Behl, C.1    Holsboer, F.2
  • 41
    • 0030026862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estradiol reduces calcium currents in rat neostriatal neurons via a membrane receptor
    • Mermelstein PG, Becker JB, Surmeier DJ. Estradiol reduces calcium currents in rat neostriatal neurons via a membrane receptor. J Neurosci Res 1996; 16:595-604.
    • (1996) J. Neurosci. Res. , vol.16 , pp. 595-604
    • Mermelstein, P.G.1    Becker, J.B.2    Surmeier, D.J.3
  • 42
    • 0028343330 scopus 로고
    • Gonadal hormone regulation of insulin growth factor-I-like immunoreactivity in hypotalamic astroglia of developing and adult rat
    • Duenas M, Luquin S, Chowen JA, Torres-Aleman I, Naftolin F, Garcia-Segura LM. Gonadal hormone regulation of insulin growth factor-I-Like immunoreactivity in hypotalamic astroglia of developing and adult rat. Neuroendocriology 1994; 59:528-538.
    • (1994) Neuroendocriology , vol.59 , pp. 528-538
    • Duenas, M.1    Luquin, S.2    Chowen, J.A.3    Torres-Aleman, I.4    Naftolin, F.5    Garcia-Segura, L.M.6
  • 43
    • 0030593428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction of insulin- like growth factor-I and estradiol signaling pathways on hypotalamic neuronal differentiation
    • Duenas M, Torres-Aleman I, Naftolin F, Garcia-Segura LM. Interaction of insulin- like growth factor-I and estradiol signaling pathways on hypotalamic neuronal differentiation. Neuroscience 1996; 74:531-539.
    • (1996) Neuroscience , vol.74 , pp. 531-539
    • Duenas, M.1    Torres-Aleman, I.2    Naftolin, F.3    Garcia-Segura, L.M.4
  • 44
    • 0033573273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective effects of estradiol in the adult rat hippocampus: Interaction with insulin-like growth factor-I signaling
    • Azcotia I, Sierra A, and Garcia-Segura LM. Neuroprotective effects of estradiol in the adult rat hippocampus: interaction with insulin-like growth factor-I signaling. J Neurosci Res 1999; 58: 815-822.
    • (1999) J. Neurosci. Res. , vol.58 , pp. 815-822
    • Azcotia, I.1    Sierra, A.2    Garcia-Segura, L.M.3
  • 45
    • 0033214424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estradiol coupling to human monocyte nitric oxide release is dependent on intracellular calcium transients: Evidence for an estrogen surface receptor
    • Stefano G B, Prevot V, Beauvillain J C, Fimiani C, Welters I, Cadet P, Breon C, Pestel J, Salzet M, Bilfinger T V. Estradiol coupling to human monocyte nitric oxide release is dependent on intracellular calcium transients: Evidence for an estrogen surface receptor. J Immunol 1999; (163):3758-3763.
    • (1999) J. Immunol. , Issue.163 , pp. 3758-3763
    • Stefano, G.B.1    Prevot, V.2    Beauvillain, J.C.3    Fimiani, C.4    Welters, I.5    Cadet, P.6    Breon, C.7    Pestel, J.8    Salzet, M.9    Bilfinger, T.V.10
  • 46
    • 17044455693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute exposure to estrogen to human endothelia results in nitric oxide release mediated by an estrogen surface receptor coupled to intracellular calcium transients
    • Stefano G B, Prevot V, Beuvillain J C, Bilfinger T V, Fimiani C, Welters I, Fricchione G L. Acute exposure to estrogen to human endothelia results in nitric oxide release mediated by an estrogen surface receptor coupled to intracellular calcium transients. Circulation 2000d; (101):1594-1597.
    • (2000) Circulation , Issue.101 , pp. 1594-1597
    • Stefano, G.B.1    Prevot, V.2    Beuvillain, J.C.3    Bilfinger, T.V.4    Fimiani, C.5    Welters, I.6    Fricchione, G.L.7
  • 48
    • 0001548401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell membrane and nuclear estrogen receptors (ERs) originate from a single transcript: Studies of ERalpha and ERbeta expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells
    • Razandi M, Pedram A, Greene GL, Levin ER. Cell membrane and nuclear estrogen receptors (ERs) originate from a single transcript: studies of ERalpha and ERbeta expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Mol Endocrinol 1999; 13:307-19.
    • (1999) Mol. Endocrinol. , vol.13 , pp. 307-319
    • Razandi, M.1    Pedram, A.2    Greene, G.L.3    Levin, E.R.4
  • 49
    • 0036139164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ERs associate with and regulate the production of caveolin: Implications for signaling and cellular actions
    • Razandi M, Oh P, Pedram A, Schnitzer J, Levin ER. ERs associate with and regulate the production of caveolin: implications for signaling and cellular actions. Mol Endocrinol 2002; 16:100-15.
    • (2002) Mol. Endocrinol. , vol.16 , pp. 100-115
    • Razandi, M.1    Oh, P.2    Pedram, A.3    Schnitzer, J.4    Levin, E.R.5
  • 50
    • 0035347192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid action of plasma membrane estrogen receptors
    • Kelly MJ, Levin ER. Rapid action of plasma membrane estrogen receptors. Trens Endocrinol Metabolism 2001; 12:152-156.
    • (2001) Trens. Endocrinol. Metabolism , vol.12 , pp. 152-156
    • Kelly, M.J.1    Levin, E.R.2
  • 51
    • 0033229985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen modulation of G-protein-coupled receptor
    • Kelly MJ, Wagner EJ. Estrogen modulation of G-protein-coupled receptor. TEM 1999; 10:369-374.
    • (1999) TEM , vol.10 , pp. 369-374
    • Kelly, M.J.1    Wagner, E.J.2
  • 52
    • 0033963935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basal nitric oxide limits immune, nervous and cardiovascular excitation: Human endothelia expressa muopiate receptor
    • Stefano G B, Goumaon Y, Bilfinger T V, Welters I, Cadet P. Basal nitric oxide limits immune, nervous and cardiovascular excitation: Human endothelia expressa muopiate receptor. Progress in Neurobiology 2000b; (60):531-544.
    • (2000) Progress in Neurobiology , Issue.60 , pp. 531-544
    • Stefano, G.B.1    Goumaon, Y.2    Bilfinger, T.V.3    Welters, I.4    Cadet, P.5
  • 53
    • 0034813608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell surface estrogen receptors coupled to cNOS mediate immune and vascular tissue regulation. Theraputic implications
    • Stefano G B, Peter D. Cell surface estrogen receptors coupled to cNOS mediate immune and vascular tissue regulation. Theraputic implications. Medical Science Monitor 2001; (7):1066-1074.
    • (2001) Medical Science Monitor , Issue.7 , pp. 1066-1074
    • Stefano, G.B.1    Peter, D.2
  • 54
    • 2642580113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen-astrocyte interactions: Implications for neuroprotection
    • Dhandapani KM, Brann DW. Estrogen-astrocyte interactions: implications for neuroprotection. BMC Neurosci. 2002; 3(1):6.
    • (2002) BMC Neurosci. , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 6
    • Dhandapani, K.M.1    Brann, D.W.2
  • 56
    • 0034332969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Female sex steroids: Effects upon microglial cell activation
    • Drew PD, Chavis JA. Female sex steroids: effects upon microglial cell activation. J. Neuroimmunol 2000; 111:77-85.
    • (2000) J. Neuroimmunol. , vol.111 , pp. 77-85
    • Drew, P.D.1    Chavis, J.A.2
  • 57
    • 0029844291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protection against Alzheimer's disease
    • 9025
    • Burns A. Protection against Alzheimer's disease. Lancet 1996; 9025:420-421.
    • (1996) Lancet , pp. 420-421
    • Burns, A.1
  • 58
    • 0030911093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen: A new weapon against Alzheimer's
    • Wickelgren I. Estrogen: A new weapon against Alzheimer's. Science 1997; 276:676-677.
    • (1997) Science , vol.276 , pp. 676-677
    • Wickelgren, I.1
  • 59
    • 0030591669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of estrogen during menopause on risk and age at onset of Alzheimer's disease
    • 9025
    • Tang Ming Xin. Effect of estrogen during menopause on risk and age at onset of Alzheimer's disease. Lancet 1996; 348:9025. 429-432.
    • (1996) Lancet , vol.348 , pp. 429-432
    • Xin, T.M.1
  • 60
    • 0037006133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Teasing out effects of estrogen on the brain
    • Friedrich, M.J. "Teasing Out Effects of Estrogen on the Brain." JAMA 2002; 287:29-30.
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.287 , pp. 29-30
    • Friedrich, M.J.1
  • 61
    • 85157120218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen to prevent Alzheimer's
    • Waters, Rob. Estrogen to prevent Alzheimer's. Health 1997; 11: 40-42.
    • (1997) Health , vol.11 , pp. 40-42
    • Waters, R.1
  • 62
    • 0033668944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence that Alzheimer's disease is a microvascular disorder. The role of constituitive nitric oxide
    • de ta Torre J C, Stefano GB. Evidence that Alzheimer's disease is a microvascular disorder. The role of constituitive nitric oxide. Brain Res Rev 2000; 34:119-136.
    • (2000) Brain Res. Rev. , vol.34 , pp. 119-136
    • de la Torre, J.C.1    Stefano, G.B.2
  • 63
    • 0033963935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basal nitric oxide limits immune, nervous and cardiovascular excitation: Human endothelia express a mu opiate receptor
    • Stefano G B, Goumaon Y, Bilfinger T V, Welters I, Cadet P. Basal nitric oxide limits immune, nervous and cardiovascular excitation: Human endothelia express a mu opiate receptor. Progress in Neurobiology 2000b; (60):531-544.
    • (2000) Progress in Neurobiology , Issue.60 , pp. 531-544
    • Stefano, G.B.1    Goumaon, Y.2    Bilfinger, T.V.3    Welters, I.4    Cadet, P.5
  • 65
    • 0037376939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in schizophrenia
    • Hafner H. Gender differences in schizophrenia. Psychoneuro-endocrinology 2003; 2:17-54.
    • (2003) Psychoneuro-Endocrinology , vol.2 , pp. 17-54
    • Hafner, H.1
  • 66
    • 0037377075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of estrogen on brain development and neuroprotection-implications for negative symptoms in schizophrenia
    • Rao ML, Kolsch H. Effects of estrogen on brain development and neuroprotection--implications for negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2003; 2:83-96.
    • (2003) Psychoneuroendocrinology , vol.2 , pp. 83-96
    • Rao, M.L.1    Kolsch, H.2
  • 68
    • 0028362409 scopus 로고
    • The immune neuro-link and the macrophage: Postcardiotomy delirium, HIV-associated dementia and psychiatry
    • Stefano G B, Bilfinger T V Fricchione G L. The immune neuro-link and the macrophage: Postcardiotomy delirium, HIV-associated dementia and psychiatry. Prog Neurobiol 1994; (42):475-488.
    • (1994) Prog. Neurobiol. , Issue.42 , pp. 475-488
    • Stefano, G.B.1    Bilfinger, T.V.2    Fricchione, G.L.3
  • 69
    • 0041327167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 17-β estradiol down regulates ganglionic microglial cells via nitric oxide release: Presence of a fragment for estrogen receptor β
    • In press
    • Stefano GB, Zhu W, Mantione K, Jones D, Salamon E, Cho J and Cadet P. 17-β estradiol down regulates ganglionic microglial cells via nitric oxide release: Presence of a fragment for estrogen receptor β. Neuroendocrinol Lett 2003. In press.
    • (2003) Neuroendocrinol. Lett.
    • Stefano, G.B.1    Zhu, W.2    Mantione, K.3    Jones, D.4    Salamon, E.5    Cho, J.6    Cadet, P.7
  • 70
    • 0036141071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of progestins on estrogen-induced neuroprotection: Synergy by progesterone and 19-norprogesterone and antagonism by medroxyprogesterone acetate
    • Nilsen J, Brinton RD. Impact of progestins on estrogen-induced neuroprotection: synergy by progesterone and 19-norprogesterone and antagonism by medroxyprogesterone acetate. Endocrinology 2002; 143:205-12.
    • (2002) Endocrinology , vol.143 , pp. 205-212
    • Nilsen, J.1    Brinton, R.D.2
  • 71
    • 0035663680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estradiol is a protective factor in the adult and aging brain: Understanding of mechanisms derived from in vivo and in vitro studies
    • Wise PM, Dubal DB, Wilson ME, Rau SW, Bottner M, Rosewell KL. Estradiol is a protective factor in the adult and aging brain: understanding of mechanisms derived from in vivo and in vitro studies. Brain Res Brain Res Rev 2001; 37(1-3):313-9.
    • (2001) Brain Res. Brain Res. Rev. , vol.37 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 313-319
    • Wise, P.M.1    Dubal, D.B.2    Wilson, M.E.3    Rau, S.W.4    Bottner, M.5    Rosewell, K.L.6
  • 73
    • 0034526350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estradiol: A protective factor in the adult brain
    • Wise PM. Estradiol: a protective factor in the adult brain. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2000; 136:1425-9.
    • (2000) J. Pediatr. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.136 , pp. 1425-1429
    • Wise, P.M.1
  • 74
    • 0035211492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ischemic preconditioning - An opiate constituitive nitric oxide molecular hypothesis
    • Stefano GB, Neenan K, Cadet P, Magazine H I, Bilfinger T V. Ischemic preconditioning - an opiate constituitive nitric oxide molecular hypothesis. Med Sci Moni 2001a; (7):1357-1375.
    • (2001) Med. Sci. Moni. , Issue.7 , pp. 1357-1375
    • Stefano, G.B.1    Neenan, K.2    Cadet, P.3    Magazine, H.I.4    Bilfinger, T.V.5
  • 78
    • 0042803723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proinflammation: A common denominator or initiatior of different pathophysiological disease processes
    • Esch T, Stefano G B. Proinflammation: A common denominator or initiatior of different pathophysiological disease processes. Medical Science Monitor 2002; (8):1-9.
    • (2002) Medical Science Monitor , Issue.8 , pp. 1-9
    • Esch, T.1    Stefano, G.B.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.