Methyl de-esterification as a major factor regulating the extent of pectin depolymerization during fruit ripening: A comparison of the action of avocado (Persea americana) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) polygalacturonases

Journal of Plant Physiology

Volumn 160, Issue 6, 2003, Pages 667-673

  Wakabayashi, Kazuyuki ^a   Hoson, Takayuki ^a   Huber, Donald J ^b  

^a Osaka Prefecture University   (Japan)

^b UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA   (United States)

Author keywords

Avocado fruit; De esterification; Depolymerization; Pectinmethylesterase; Polygalacturonase; Polyuronides; Tomato fruit

Indexed keywords

BIOASSAY; DEPOLYMERIZATION; ENZYMES; ESTERIFICATION; HYDROLYSIS;

MOLECULAR MASS;

FRUITS;

LYCOPERSICON; LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM; PERSEA; PERSEA AMERICANA;

EID: 0038349623     PISSN: 01761617     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1078/0176-1617-00951     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Ali ZM, Brady CJ (1982) Purification and characterization of the polygalacturonases of tomato fruits. Aust J Plant Physiol 9: 155-169
2. Almeida DPF, Huber DJ (1999) Apoplastic pH and inorganic ion levels in tomato fruit: A potential means for regulation of cell wall metabolism during ripening. Physiol Plant 105: 506-512
3. Blumenkrantz N, Asboe-Hansen G (1973) New method for quantitative determination of uronic acids. Anal Biochem 54: 484-489
4. Bordenave M, Goldberg R (1994) Immobilized and free apoplastic pectin methylesterases in mung bean hypocotyl. Plant Physiol 106: 1151-1156
5. Brummell DA, Labavitch JM (1997) Effect of antisense suppression of endopolygalacturonase activity on polyuronide molecular weight in ripening tomato fruit and in fruit homogenates. Plant Physiol 115: 717-725
6. Brummell DA, Harpster MH, Civello PM, Palys JM, Bennett AB, Dunsmuir P (1999) Modification of expansin protein abundance in tomato fruit alters softening and cell wall polymer metabolism during ripening. Plant Cell 11: 2203-2216
7. Campbell AD, Huysamer M, Stotz HU, Greve LC, Labavitch JM (1990) Comparison of ripening processes in intact tomato fruit and excised pericarp discs. Plant Physiol 94: 1582-1589
8. Chun J-P, Huber DJ (1997) Polygalacturonase isozyme 2 binding and catalysis in cell walls from tomato fruit: pH and β-subunit effects. Physiol Plant 101: 283-290
9. Chun J-P, Huber DJ (1998) Polygalacturonase-mediated solubilization and depolymerization of pectic polymers in tomato fruit cell walls. Regulation by pH and ionic conditions. Plant Physiol 117: 1293-1299
10. Darvill A, McNeil M, Albersheim P, Delmer DP (1980) The primary cell walls of flowering plants. In: Tolbert NE (ed) The Biochemistry of Plants Vol 1 The Plant Cell. Academic Press, New York, pp 91-162
11. DellaPenna D, Lashbrook CC, Toenjes K, Giovannoni JJ, Fischer RL, Bennett AB (1990) Polygalacturonase isozymes and pectin depolymerization in transgenic rin tomato fruit. Plant Physiol 94: 1882-1886
12. DellaPenna D, Watson C, Liu J, Schuchman D (1996) The β subunit of tomato fruit polygalacturonase isoenzyme 1 defines a new class of plant cell proteins involved in pectin metabolism: AroGPs (Aromatic amino acid rich glyco proteins). In: Visser J, Voragen AGJ (eds) Pectins and Pectinases Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, pp 247-262
13. Dumville JC, Fry SC (2000) Uronic-acid oligosaccharins: Their biosynthesis, degradation and signalling roles in non-diseased plant tissues. Plant Physiol Biochem 38: 125-140
14. Fischer RL, Bennett AB (1991) Role of cell wall hydrolases in fruit ripening. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 42: 675-703
15. Gross KC (1982) A rapid and sensitive spectrophotometric method for assaying polygalacturonase using 2-cyanoacetamide. HortScience 17: 933-934
16. Huber DJ (1983) The role of cell wall hydrolases in fruit softening. Hortic Rev 5: 169-219
17. Huber DJ, Lee JH (1986) Comparative analysis of pectins from pericarp and locular gel in developing tomato fruit. In: Fishman ML, Jen JJ (eds) Chemistry and Function of Pectins, ACS Symposium Series 310, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC pp 141-156
18. Huber DJ, Lee JH (1988) Uronic acid products release from enzymically active cell wall from tomato fruit and its dependency on enzyme quantity and distribution. Plant Physiol 87: 592-597
19. Huber DJ, Karakurt Y, Jeong J (2001) Pectin degradation in ripening and wounded fruits. Brazilian J Plant Physiol 13: 224-241
20. Huber DJ, O'Donoghue EM (1993) Polyuronides in avocado (Persea americana) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) fruits exhibit markedly different patterns of molecular weight downshifts during ripening. Plant Physiol 102: 473-480
21. King K, Norton G, Mitchell JR, Caygill J (1988) A study of factors affecting in situ de-esterification of mango (Mangifera indica) pectin. J Sci Food Agric 45: 231-241
22. Koch JL, Nevins DJ (1986) Tomato fruit cell wall. I. Use of purified tomato polygalacturonase and pectinmethylesterase to identify developmental changes in pectins. Plant Physiol 91: 816-822
23. MacDougall AJ, Rigby NM, Ryden P, Tibbits CW, Ring SG (2001) Swelling behavior of the tomato cell wall network. Biomacromolecules 2: 450-455
24. Mort AJ, Moerschbacher BM, Pierce ML, Maness NO (1991) Problems encountered during the extraction, purification and chromatography of pectic fragments, and some solutions to them. Carbohydr Res 215: 219-227
25. Patel DS, Phaff HJ (1960) Properties of purified tomato polygalacturonase. Food Res 25: 47-57
26. Reymond D, Phaff HJ (1965) Purification and certain properties of avocado polygalacturonase. J Food Sci 30: 266-273
27. Ricard J, Noat G, Crasnier M, Job D (1981) Ionic control of immobilized enzymes. Biochem J 195: 357-367
28. Seymour GB, Lasslett Y, Tucker GA (1987) Differential effects of pectolytic enzymes on tomato polyuronides in vivo and in vitro. Phytochemistry 26: 3137-3139
29. Tateishi A, Inoue H, Yamaki S (2001) Fluctuations in activities of three beta-galactosidase isoforms from ripening avocado (Persea americana) fruit and their different activities against its cell wall polysaccharides as substrates. J Jap Soc Hort Sci 70: 586-592
30. Thakur BR, Singh RK, Handa AK (1996) Effect of an antisense pectin methylesterase gene on the chemistry of pectin in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) juice. J Agric Food Chem 44: 628-630
31. Tibbits CW, MacDougall AJ, Ring SG (1998) Calcium binding and swelling behaviour of a high methoxyl pectin gel. Carbohydr Res 310: 101-107
32. Tieman DM, Harriman RW, Ramamohan G, Handa AK (1992) An antisense pectin methylesterase gene alters pectin chemistry and soluble solids in tomato fruit, Plant Cell 4: 667-679
33. Van Lelyweld LJ, Bower JP (1984) Enzyme reactions leading to avocado fruit mesocarp discoloration. J Hort Sci 59: 257-263
34. Wakabayashi K (2000) Changes in cell wall polysaccharides during fruit ripening. J Plant Res 113: 231-237
35. Wakabayashi K, Huber DJ (2001) Purification and catalytic properties of polygalacturonase isoforms from ripe avocado (Persea americana) fruit mesocarp. Physiol Plant 113: 210-216
36. Wakabayashi K, Chun J-P, Huber DJ (2000) Extensive solubilization and depolymerization of cell wall polysaccharides during avocado (Persea americana) ripening involves concerted action of polygalacturonase and pectinmethylesterase. Physiol Plant 108: 345-352
37. Wood PJ, Siddiqui IR (1971) Determination of methanol and its application to measurement of pectin ester content and pectin methylesterase activity. Anal Biochem 39: 418-428
38. Yoshioka H, Aoba K, Kashimura Y (1992) Molecular weight and degree of methoxylation in cell wall polyuronide during softening in pear and apple fruit. J Amer Soc Hort Sci 117: 600-606